CN107312150B - Polyurethane composite acoustic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to an acoustic packaging material in the field of sound absorption material design, and particularly relates to a polyurethane composite acoustic material and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises 60 parts of polyether polyol 330N,40 parts of polyether polyol 3630, 30 parts of 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 3 parts of foaming agent deionized water, 3 parts of foaming agent triethanolamine, 5 parts of foaming agent monofluorodichloroethane (HCFC-141 b), 0.05 part of catalyst A1, 1 part of catalyst A33,1.8 parts of foam stabilizer and 0.2-1.5 parts of pine needle fragments with the particle size of 1-2 mm or 3-4 mm or 5-6 mm. According to the invention, the low-frequency sound absorption characteristic of polyurethane is improved by adding pine needle fragments, the degradation capability of polyurethane is improved by adding pine needles, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the problem that the existing sound absorption material is poor in low-frequency sound absorption performance is solved.

Description

Polyurethane composite acoustic material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to an acoustic packaging material in the field of sound absorption material design, and particularly relates to a polyurethane composite acoustic material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the demand of automobiles is gradually increased from the initial walking tools to comfortable moving space. If the vehicle is in a noise environment for a long time, symptoms such as tinnitus, dreaminess, palpitation, dysphoria and the like can appear on people, even hearing loss and hearing loss are caused, and traffic accidents caused by vehicle noise are not uncommon. Therefore, improvement of the in-vehicle acoustic package is particularly important for reducing in-vehicle noise. The polyurethane composite material is the most commonly used sound absorption material for acoustic packaging materials in the automobile, and has a good sound absorption effect in a high-frequency stage, but the sound absorption effect in a low-frequency stage is not ideal. Therefore, it is important to improve the low-frequency sound absorption characteristics of the polyurethane porous sound absorption material. The present invention has the patent number 2016101178867, which is the number CN105693978A in the patent of chinese patent publication, 2016, 6, and 22, and the name of the invention "a polyurethane composite acoustic material and a preparation method thereof", and although the invention can improve the low-frequency sound absorption effect of the polyurethane composite acoustic material, the invention has the problem of relatively excessive amount of added filler, which is not favorable for sufficient stirring in the experimental process, and further influences the experimental effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a polyurethane composite acoustic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a small amount of filler is adopted, so that the influence of relatively excessive amount of filler on experimental errors caused by experiments is improved, and the problem of poor low-frequency sound absorption performance of the conventional sound absorption material is solved.

The technical scheme of the invention is described as follows by combining the attached drawings:

the acoustic packaging material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

0.2-1.5 parts of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments.

The acoustic packaging material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

a method of making a polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material, the method comprising the steps of:

step one, mixing 60 parts of polyether polyol 330N,40 parts of polyether polyol 3630, 3 parts of foaming agent deionized water, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 5 parts of foaming agent monofluorodichloroethane (HCFC-141 b), 0.05 part of catalyst A1, 1 part of catalyst A33 and 1.8 parts of foam stabilizer silicone oil in a plastic cup, stirring at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer at room temperature, and stirring for 5-8 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

adding 0.2-1.5 parts of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments into the mixture A, and fully stirring for 5-8 minutes at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer again to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding 30 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate into the mixture B, and fully stirring at a speed of 3500rmp by using an electric stirrer until the mixture C is uniform;

and step four, quickly pouring the mixture C into a cuboid mold, carrying out mold closing foaming at room temperature, after the process lasts for 3-5 minutes, putting the mold into a thermostat at 50 ℃ for curing for 2 hours, and then continuing curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

The invention has the beneficial effects that;

1. the sound absorption coefficient of the composite sound absorption material obtained by the polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material and the preparation method thereof at low frequency is up to 0.736;

2. according to the novel polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material and the preparation method thereof, the pine needle fragments are added to improve the low-frequency sound absorption characteristic of polyurethane, the degradation capability of the polyurethane is improved by adding the pine needles, and the environmental pollution is reduced;

3. the invention has wide application range and lower cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between sound absorption coefficients and frequencies of pine needles with different contents in the polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material and the preparation method thereof;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between sound absorption coefficients and frequencies of pine needles with different lengths in the polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material and the preparation method thereof.

Detailed Description

The polyurethane composite sound absorption material is prepared by compounding polyurethane and pine needle fragments. The polyurethane composite sound absorption material can obviously overcome the defect that the low-frequency sound absorption effect of polyurethane is not ideal.

The acoustic packaging material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

0-1.5 parts of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, or 0-1.5 parts of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, or 0-1.5 parts of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments.

The 1 mass part is one mass unit, namely gram and kilogram.

A method of making a polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material, the method comprising the steps of:

referring to fig. 1, in step one, 60 parts of polyether polyol 330N,40 parts of polyether polyol 3630, 3 parts of foaming agent deionized water, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 5 parts of foaming agent monofluorodichloroethane (HCFC-141 b), 0.05 part of catalyst a1, 1 part of catalyst a33 and 1.8 parts of foam stabilizer silicone oil are mixed in a plastic cup, stirred at 1200rmp by an electric stirrer at room temperature for 5-8 minutes to obtain a mixture a;

adding 0.2-1.5 parts of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments into the mixture A, and fully stirring for 5-8 minutes at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer again to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding 30 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate into the mixture B, and fully stirring at a speed of 3500rmp by using an electric stirrer until the mixture C is uniform;

and step four, quickly pouring the mixture C into a cuboid mold within 5 seconds, then carrying out mold closing foaming at room temperature, after the process lasts for 3-5 minutes, putting the mold into a constant temperature cabinet at 50 ℃ for curing for 2 hours, and then continuing curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

The room temperature may be 20 ℃.

Example one

The acoustic packaging material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

0.2g or 0.5g or 0.8g or 1.0g or 1.5g of 1 mm-2 mm pine needle fragments.

The preparation method of the acoustic packaging material comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a formula with 5 parts of components and the same content: 60 g of polyether polyol 330N,40 g of polyether polyol 3630, 3 g of deionized water, 3 g of triethanolamine, 5g of HCFC-141b,0.05 g of A1, 1 g of A33 and 1.8 g of silicone oil are respectively mixed and added into 5 identical plastic cups, and the mixture is stirred at the room temperature by an electric stirrer at the speed of 1200rmp for 5-8 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

step two, respectively adding 0.2g, 0.5g, 0.8g, 1.0g and 1.5g of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments into the 5 plastic cups in the step one, and respectively and fully stirring for 5-8 minutes at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer again to obtain a mixture B;

step three, respectively adding 5 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate (30 g) into the 5 plastic cups in the step two, and rapidly stirring uniformly by using an electric stirrer at a speed of 3500rmp to obtain a mixture C;

and step four, respectively and rapidly pouring 5 parts of the mixture C obtained in the step three into 5 cuboid molds, closing the molds at room temperature for foaming, after the process lasts for 3-5 minutes, putting the molds into a thermostat at 50 ℃ for curing for 2 hours, and then continuing curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, as shown in the figures, the sound absorption coefficient at low frequency (1500 Hz) is significantly improved by adding 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, the sound absorption coefficient shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the addition amount of the pine needles, when the addition amount of the 1-2 mm pine needle fragments is 1.0g, the sound absorption coefficient at low frequency is increased most, and the average sound absorption coefficient reaches 0.712.

Example two

The acoustic packaging material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

0.2g, 0.5g, 0.8g, 1.0g or 1.5g of pine needle fragments with the diameter of 3 mm-4 mm.

The preparation method of the acoustic packaging material comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a formula with 5 parts of components and the same content: 60 g of polyether polyol 330N,40 g of polyether polyol 3630, 3 g of deionized water, 3 g of triethanolamine, 5g of HCFC-141b,0.05 g of A1, 1 g of A33 and 1.8 g of silicone oil are respectively mixed and added into 5 identical plastic cups, and the mixture is stirred at the room temperature by an electric stirrer at the speed of 1200rmp for 5-8 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

step two, respectively adding 0.2g, 0.5g, 0.8g, 1.0g and 1.5g of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments into the 5 plastic cups in the step 1, and respectively and fully stirring for 5-8 minutes at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer again to obtain a mixture B;

step three, respectively adding 5 parts of 30g of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate into 5 plastic cups in the step two, and rapidly stirring uniformly by adopting an electric stirrer at a speed of 3500rmp to obtain a mixture C;

and step four, respectively and rapidly pouring 5 parts of the mixture C obtained in the step three into 5 cuboid molds, closing the molds at room temperature for foaming, after the process lasts for 3-5 minutes, putting the molds into a thermostat at 50 ℃ for curing for 2 hours, and then continuing curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, as shown in the figures, the sound absorption coefficient of a low frequency (100 + 1500Hz) is significantly improved by adding 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, the sound absorption coefficient shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the addition amount of pine needles, when the addition amount of the 3-4 mm pine needle fragments is 0.5g and 1.0g, the sound absorption effect of the low frequency is significantly improved and is higher than that of pure polyurethane foam, the average sound absorption coefficient reaches 0.736, and when the addition amount of the 3-4 mm pine needle fragments is 1.0g, the sound absorption coefficient of the low frequency is increased most, and the average sound absorption coefficient reaches 0.725.

EXAMPLE III

The acoustic packaging material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

0.2g, 0.5g, 0.8g, 1.0g or 1.5g of pine needle fragments with the diameter of 5 mm-6 mm.

The preparation method of the acoustic packaging material comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a formula with 5 parts of components and the same content: 60 g of polyether polyol 330N,40 g of polyether polyol 3630, 3 g of deionized water, 3 g of triethanolamine, 5g of HCFC-141b,0.05 g of A1, 1 g of A33 and 1.8 g of silicone oil are respectively mixed and added into 5 identical plastic cups, and the mixture is stirred at the room temperature by an electric stirrer at the speed of 1200rmp for 5-8 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

step two, respectively adding 0.2g, 0.5g, 0.8g, 1.0g and 1.5g of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments into the 5 plastic cups in the step 1, and respectively and fully stirring for 5-8 minutes at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer again to obtain a mixture B;

step three, respectively adding 5 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate (30 g) into the 5 plastic cups in the step two, and rapidly stirring uniformly by using an electric stirrer at a speed of 3500rmp to obtain a mixture C;

and step four, respectively and rapidly pouring 5 parts of the mixture C obtained in the step three into 5 cuboid molds, closing the molds at room temperature for foaming, after the process lasts for 3-5 minutes, putting the molds into a thermostat at 50 ℃ for curing for 2 hours, and then continuing curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, as shown in the figures, the sound absorption coefficient of a low frequency (1500 Hz) is obviously improved by adding 5-6 mm pine needle fragments, the sound absorption coefficient shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the addition amount of the pine needles, when 0.5 part of pine needle with the length of 5-6 mm is added, the sound absorption coefficient of the composite material is as high as 0.921, when 1.0 part of pine needle with the length of 5-6 mm is added, the high frequency sound absorption performance of the composite material is basically unchanged, the low frequency sound absorption effect is greatly improved, and the comprehensive sound absorption performance is the best.

The experiments prove that the components and the contents of the polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material are respectively 60 parts of polyether polyol 330N,40 parts of polyether polyol 3630, 30 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 3 parts of foaming agent deionized water, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 5 parts of foaming agent monofluorodichloroethane (HCFC-141 b), 0.05 part of catalyst A1, 1 part of catalyst A33,1.8 parts of foam stabilizer silicone oil and 1 part of pine needle fragments of 5 mm-6 mm, which are the optimal composition formula, and the sound absorption material with the optimal sound absorption effect can be obtained by adopting the preparation method.

Claims (2)

1. The acoustic packaging material is characterized by being composed of the following components in parts by weight:

0.2-1.5 parts of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments.

2. The method of making a polyurethane composite acoustic packaging material of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

step one, mixing 60 parts of polyether polyol 330N,40 parts of polyether polyol 3630, 3 parts of foaming agent deionized water, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 5 parts of foaming agent monofluorodichloroethane (HCFC-141 b), 0.05 part of catalyst A1, 1 part of catalyst A33 and 1.8 parts of foam stabilizer silicone oil in a plastic cup, stirring at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer at room temperature, and stirring for 5-8 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

adding 0.2-1.5 parts of 1-2 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 3-4 mm pine needle fragments, or 0.2-1.5 parts of 5-6 mm pine needle fragments into the mixture A, and fully stirring for 5-8 minutes at the speed of 1200rmp by using an electric stirrer again to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding 30 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate into the mixture B, and fully stirring at a speed of 3500rmp by using an electric stirrer until the mixture C is uniform;

and step four, quickly pouring the mixture C into a cuboid mold, carrying out mold closing foaming at room temperature, after the process lasts for 3-5 minutes, putting the mold into a thermostat at 50 ℃ for curing for 2 hours, and then continuing curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

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