CN107304668A - A kind of oil recovery gas method - Google Patents
A kind of oil recovery gas method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107304668A CN107304668A CN201610257272.9A CN201610257272A CN107304668A CN 107304668 A CN107304668 A CN 107304668A CN 201610257272 A CN201610257272 A CN 201610257272A CN 107304668 A CN107304668 A CN 107304668A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 115
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 18
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 4
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N Nitrovin Chemical compound C=1C=C([N+]([O-])=O)OC=1\C=C\C(=NNC(=N)N)\C=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of oil recovery gas method.This method comprises the following steps：Step one, well yield is judged；Step 2, when yield is down to pre-value, blocks the original production tubing string of the well；Step 3, into original production tubing string, tripping in diameter is less than the oil pipe of original production tubing string；Step 4, makes the shaft bottom of well be connected with oil pipe and as flow string, to cause oil gas to be sprayed by flow string.Using this method can in original production tubing string the small oil pipe of tripping in diameter, so as to form new flow string, to keep gas-liquid flow velocity to take flow velocity higher than critical, and ensure the blowing production of Oil/gas Well.In addition, before tripping in oil pipe, having blocked original production tubing string, well head pressure is reduced to normal pressure so that the less oil pipe of diameter can realize without depress into, operate it is safer smoothly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exploitation of oil-gas field technical field, and in particular to a kind of oil recovery gas method.
Background technology
For the Oil/gas Well in most oil gas fields, in producing initial stage, strata pressure is higher, then oil and gas production is higher, the flowing velocity of gas-liquid takes flow velocity more than critical in producing well bottom and pit shaft, now liquid will be carried to ground by air-flow completely, and hydrops or hydrops be not less in shaft bottom, and the Oil/gas Well can keep blowing to produce.
Later stage in production, with the extension of recovery time, strata pressure is gradually reduced, under conditions of original production tubing string is constant, oil and gas production can also be decreased, and the flow velocity of gas-liquid is also decreased in production pit shaft, so that gas fluid-carrying capability is worse and worse, ultimately resulting in gas can not cause pit shaft hydrops gradually to increase effectively by the timely band of shaft bottom liquid to ground, and eventually resulting in can not lean on stratum energy blowing to produce.Also, due to the presence of hydrops, it will increase the back pressure to stratum, producing pressure differential is reduced, even Oil/gas Well can be completely killed so that closing well sometimes.
To solve the problem of can not leaning on stratum energy progress blowing production of production of hydrocarbons middle and later periods presence.In the prior art, often yield is improved using the method production of pumping or increase strata pressure.Although these methods can continue to exploit oil gas, still, and the method for pumping or increase strata pressure adds running cost, reduces oil gas well mining efficiency, thus eventually influences the economic benefit of whole oil-gas field development.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of oil recovery gas method, to ensure the production efficiency in the middle and later periods of production of hydrocarbons.
The content of the invention
For some or all of of the above-mentioned technical problem in the presence of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of oil recovery gas method.Using this method can in original production tubing string the small oil pipe of tripping in diameter, so that new flow string is formed, to ensure the steady production of Oil/gas Well.In addition, before tripping in oil pipe, having blocked original production tubing string, having reduced well head pressure so that the less oil pipe of diameter can without depress into, operate it is safer.Meanwhile, by blocking original production tubing string to cause the upper end of original production tubing string to be in without pressure condition, the pollution to stratum can be reduced, activity duration and the operating cost of tripping in oil pipe is reduced.
A kind of oil recovery gas method is proposed according to the present invention, comprised the following steps：
Step one, well yield is judged,
Step 2, when yield is down to pre-value, blocks the original production tubing string of the well,
Step 3, into original production tubing string, tripping in diameter is less than the oil pipe of original production tubing string,
Step 4, makes the shaft bottom of well be connected with oil pipe and as flow string, to cause oil gas to be sprayed by flow string.
In one embodiment, repeat step one is to step 4 to carry out multiple circulate operation, and, in first time operating process, in step 2 into original production tubing string the plugging device of tripping in penetration type first, in step 3, the oil pipe of tripping in is extended downwardly through the first plugging device, the lower end of oil pipe is provided with the blanking plug that can be connected, in step 4, opens blanking plug shaft bottom is connected with oil pipe.
In one embodiment, in first time operating process, the first plugging device is lowered into sleeve pipe and above the reducing of pit shaft, and oil pipe is lowered at the production layer for closing on well.
In one embodiment, in operating process after being operated in first time, the second plugging device that tripping in can be connected into original production tubing string in step 2, in step 3, into original production tubing string, tripping in oil pipe is to the top of the second plugging device, in step 4, open the second plugging device shaft bottom is connected with oil pipe.
In one embodiment, in the operating process after being operated in first time, first into well during the second plugging device of tripping in, the second plugging device, which is run on the top circle of the production layer of well, to be not more than at 10 meters of position.
In one embodiment, in the step 3, the lower surface of the oil pipe of tripping in is extend under the liquid level of well.
In one embodiment, in first time operating process, in step 3 the oil pipe of tripping in be integral joint tubing, also, integral joint tubing during tripping in the first plugging device sliding sealing.
In one embodiment, gas lift valve is set in the oil pipe of last time tripping in.
In one embodiment, can the induced flow by way of injecting compressed nitrogen or natural gas in the step 4.
In one embodiment, in the step one, described yield is gas production Qg, in the step 2, pre-value Q is obtained by formula (1)c：
In formula (1), d is the interior diameter of original production tubing string, ugFor critical flow velocity, and obtained by formula (2),
In formula (2), α is constant coefficient, and σ is interfacial tension, ρLFor fluid density, ρGFor gas density.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that using this method can in original production tubing string the small oil pipe of tripping in diameter, so as to form new flow string, to keep gas-liquid flow velocity to take flow velocity higher than critical, and ensure the blowing production of Oil/gas Well.In addition, before tripping in oil pipe, having blocked original production tubing string, well head pressure is reduced to normal pressure so that the less oil pipe of diameter can realize without depress into, operate it is safer smoothly.Meanwhile, by blocking original production tubing string to cause the upper end of original production tubing string to be in without pressure condition, the pollution to stratum can be reduced, activity duration and the operating cost of tripping in oil pipe is reduced, also reduces operating risk.
Brief description of the drawings
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, in figure：
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart according to oil recovery gas method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is shown according to the plugging device of tripping in first in the sleeve pipe to well of the invention and the wellbore schematic after corresponding oil pipe；
Fig. 3 is shown according to the plugging device of tripping in second in the oil pipe to well of the invention and the wellbore schematic after corresponding oil pipe；
Fig. 4 is shown according to the nested wellbore schematic of the oil pipe in well of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation before giving up according to the first embodiment of the plugging device of penetration type first of the present invention；
Fig. 5 A are the partial enlarged drawing of part A in Fig. 5；
Fig. 5 B be according to the first embodiment of the plugging device of penetration type first of the present invention after giving up, the structural representation of tripping in packoff nipple；
Fig. 6 be according to the second embodiment of the plugging device of penetration type first of the present invention after giving up, the structural representation of tripping in packoff nipple；
Fig. 7 be according to the 3rd embodiment of the plugging device of penetration type first of the present invention after giving up, the structural representation of tripping in packoff nipple；
Fig. 7 A are the structural representations of spliced wedge plug；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation for being slidingly sealed mechanism according to the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, identical part uses identical reference, and accompanying drawing is not drawn according to actual ratio.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the oil recovery gas method according to the present invention.As shown in figure 1, oil recovery gas method comprises the following steps：S1, judges well yield；S2, when yield is down to pre-value, blocks the original production tubing string of well；S3, into original production tubing string, tripping in diameter is less than the oil pipe of original production tubing string；S4, makes the shaft bottom of well be connected with oil pipe and as flow string, to cause oil gas to be sprayed by flow string.
Oil-producing gas initial stage, because strata pressure is than larger, Oil/gas Well passes through blowing output.And after blowing for a period of time, stratum energy reduces, when pre-value is reduced to, it is necessary to the smaller oil pipe of tripping in diameter into original production tubing string and form new flow string, and ensure the blowing of Oil/gas Well, to improve yield.According to the present invention, before tripping in oil pipe, blocked original production tubing string so that well head pressure is reduced to normal pressure, thus ensure the less oil pipe of diameter can realize without depress into, it is ensured that operation it is safer smoothly.Meanwhile, by blocking original production tubing string to cause the upper end of original production tubing string to be in without pressure condition, the pollution to stratum can be reduced, activity duration and the operating cost of tripping in oil pipe is reduced, also reduces operating risk.
In one embodiment, S1 to the S4 in oil recovery gas method is repeated to carry out multiple circulate operation.Namely, as shown in Figure 4, during christmas, original production tubing string can repeatedly be blocked, the tripping in oil pipe 200 under without pressure ring border afterwards, so as to form multiple nested oil pipes 200 in pit shaft, the minimum oil pipe 200 of diameter is used as existing flow string, constantly reduced with the diameter for realizing flow string, optimize oil-producing gas velocity rate.
As shown in Fig. 2 in first time operating process, the first plugging device of tripping in penetration type 100 into original production tubing string, to block original production tubing string so that the operation of follow-up lower oil pipe 200 is not with pressure.Afterwards, without depressing into oil pipe 200, oil pipe 200 is extended downwardly through the first plugging device 100, to connect payzone and ground.It should be noted that the security to ensure production, the lower end of oil pipe 200 is provided with the blanking plug 300 that can be connected.When the tripping in of oil pipe 200 in place after, be then turned on blanking plug 300 with so that shaft bottom is connected with oil pipe 200.In first time operating process, the first plugging device of tripping in 100 is penetration type, can be not limited to the tripping in position of the first plugging device 100, and the production layer of well can be closed on as long as ensureing the oil pipe 200 of tripping in.That is, the first plugging device 100 closes on payzone area It is not necessary to be lowered into.So as to which operation can be simplified by this set, and causes this method to can be suitably used for different wells, such as straight well, horizontal well, the pit shaft for the reducing that is particularly suitable for use in.For the pit shaft of reducing, the first plugging device 100 can be lowered into the top at reducing.And because the lower end of oil pipe 200 has blanking plug 300, even if during oil pipe 200 passes through the tripping in of the first plugging device 100, original production tubing string all in by under sealed condition, it is only ready after, oil pipe 200 could be connected by operating blanking plug 300.By this set, the controllability and security of operation are improved.
With the progress of oil-producing gas, in order to realize oil pipe 200 nesting, it is necessary to successively into pit shaft tripping in different-diameter oil pipe 200.Further, in order to realize without depressing into oil pipe 200, in each operating process after operating for the first time, repeat and operate for the first time.For example, in second of operating process, the first plugging device 100 that size diminishes in tripping in diametric(al) into crude oil pipe 200 (oil pipe 200 of tripping in first time operating process), tripping in diameter dimension also diminishes again oil pipe 200 and the lower end of oil pipe 200 that also diminishes as new flow string, this certain diameter dimension is also equipped with blanking plug 300.The nesting of oil pipe 200 can not only be realized by this operation, the need for meeting production blowing, also, also ensure that each tripping in oil pipe 200 is without press operation, reduction activity duration and operating cost.In addition, in this approach, it is not necessary to carry out precise positioning to the first plugging device 100, to simplify operation.
According to another embodiment of the invention, in the operating process after being operated in first time, can tripping in can be connected into original production tubing string the second plugging device 400, as shown in Figure 3.This second plugging device 400 is run at the production layer for closing on well, to block the lower end of flow string.Afterwards, the top of the plugging device of oil pipe 200 to the second 400 diminished in tripping in diameter, now the lower end of oil pipe 200 need not block.Afterwards, the second plugging device 400 is then turned on so that shaft bottom is connected with oil pipe 200.In this approach, oil pipe 200 then simplifies the structure of the second plugging device 400, so as to save production cost without pass through the second plugging device 400.Meanwhile, the structure of the oil pipe 200 of tripping in is also relatively easy, facilitates operation.
Into pit shaft when the second plugging device of tripping in first 400, it is preferable that the second plugging device 400 of tripping in, which is lowered on the top circle of the production layer of well, to be not more than at 10 meters of position, as shown in Figure 3.By this arrangement ensure that oil gas can smoothly blowing.
According to the present invention, the lower surface of the oil pipe 200 of tripping in is extend under the liquid level of well.The liquid level of well refers to oil, water, mud lubrication liquid etc. or its mixture.Being smoothed out for oil gas blowing can be ensured by this set, the low cost exploitation of Oil/gas Well is realized.
It should be noted that be integral joint tubing in the corresponding oil pipe 200 of tripping in after the first plugging device of tripping in 100, to ensure that oil pipe 200 is slidingly sealed during tripping in the first plugging device 100.Sealing between first plugging device 100 and oil pipe 200 can be improved by this set, so as to further improve production security.
As shown in figure 3, it is necessary to tripping in oil pipe 200 after each the second plugging device of tripping in 400.And the tripping in position of oil pipe 200 should preferably be connected closer to the second plugging device 400 with realizing.Preferably, the distance between upper surface of the second plugging device 400 that the lower surface of oil pipe 200 is closed on under is not more than 4 meters.
When needing the second plugging device 400 of tripping in into oil pipe 200, it is necessary to which so that distance of the lower surface of the second plugging device 400 apart from the lower surface of oil pipe 200 is not more than 5 meters.For example, the lower surface of the second plugging device 400 is apart from 2 meters of the lower surface of present oil pipe 200.It is that ensure that the second plugging device 400 can successfully carry out tripping in operation by this set, in turn ensure that the continuous blowing of oil gas, maintains the blowing production of Oil/gas Well.
In one embodiment, gas lift valve (not shown) is set in the oil pipe 200 of last time tripping in, it is, setting gas lift valve on a minimum oil pipe 200 of the diameter in nested oil pipe 200.When the phase is unable to blowing after manufacture, maintain to produce by setting gas lift valve to circulate gaslift using automatic gas-producing, to improve well yield.
, can also the induced flow by way of injecting compressed nitrogen or natural gas if being unable to blowing during oil pipe 200 is connected.For example, can be produced by nitrogen car processed or compressed natural gas induced flow to blowing.
According to the present invention, the tripping in opportunity of the first plugging device 100 or the second plugging device 400 can be determined by judging well yield.When yield is down to pre-value, original production string size is larger, is unfavorable for blowing, then the new production tubing string for needing the formation diameter of tripping in oil pipe 200 small, to ensure production efficiency.For example, well yield can be gas production Qg, in the step 2, pre-value Q is obtained by formula (1)c：
In formula (1), d is the interior diameter of original production tubing string, ugFor critical flow velocity, and obtained by formula (2),
In formula (2), α is constant coefficient, and σ is interfacial tension, ρLFor fluid density, ρGFor gas density.
Thus, during production of hydrocarbons, as long as monitoring wellhead temperature, pressure, gas production QgJust the opportunity of tripping in oil pipe 200 can be judged.This monitoring determination methods is simple, it is easy to accomplish.
It should be noted that, if the closure of original production tubing string is realized, and the plugging device that penetrates of moving sealed of later stage oil pipe 200 is applicable to the present invention.Meanwhile, as long as can realize can block the lower end of oil pipe 200 during tripping in, and the blanking plug 300 connected when needed is also applicable to the present invention.For example, oil line stopper as described in Chinese patent CN201310494357 can block the communicating passage of oil pipe 200 in the first state, and because it has inner core, can be after the tripping in place of oil pipe 200, by way of pressurization, and it is turned on realizing the connection of oil pipe 200.Identical reason, if the closure of original production tubing string can be realized, and the second plugging device 400 connected when needed also may apply in the present invention.
But, in order to ensure being smoothed out for closure, and ensure plugging effect, the invention further relates to a kind of first plugging device 100, to cause christmas operation to be smoothed out.As shown in figure 5, first plugging device of penetration type 100 includes：Mandrel 1, the pressure retaining mechanism being sheathed on the mandrel 1, slips anchoring mechanism, packing element sealing mechanism, are arranged at the opener of the lower end of mandrel 1, are arranged at the releasing gadget of the upper end of mandrel 1 and are slidingly sealed mechanism.
Wherein, the pressure retaining mechanism is used to promote and lock slips anchor mechanism and packing element sealing mechanism, and it mainly includes：Top connection 2, lower contact 12, upper back ring 3, lower back ring 11, upper press ring 41 and lower pressure ring 42.The top connection 2 and upper press ring 41 are sheathed on the top of mandrel 1 successively from top to bottom, wherein the top connection 2 is coated on the outside of back ring 3, and the bottom of top connection 2 and upper back ring 3 is resisted against the top of upper press ring 41.The lower contact 12 and lower pressure ring 42 are sheathed on the bottom of mandrel 1 successively from bottom to top, wherein the lower contact 12 is coated on the outside of lower back ring 11, and the top of lower contact 12 and lower back ring 11 is resisted against the bottom of lower pressure ring 42 respectively.
The top connection 2, upper back ring 3 are connected with mandrel 1 using one-way locking tooth-shape structure respectively, i.e. top connection 2 can make its own drive back ring 3 to be moved down relative to mandrel 1 in the case of stress, and then promote upper press ring 41 to be moved down relative to mandrel 1, but top connection 2 and upper back ring 3 can not be moved up relative to mandrel 1.And the lower contact 12, lower back ring 11 are attached with mandrel 1 using thread connecting mode respectively so that lower contact 12, lower back ring 11 and lower pressure ring 42 can not carry out upper and lower movement relative to mandrel 1.
The packing element sealing mechanism mainly includes：Gasket ring 92 under gasket ring 91 and packing element on packing element 10, packing element.Wherein, the packing element 10 is sheathed on the mandrel 1 between the upper press ring 41 and lower pressure ring 42, and gasket ring 92 is respectively arranged on the upper and lower ends of packing element 10 under gasket ring 91 and packing element on the packing element.
The slips anchoring mechanism mainly includes：Upper slipses 61, lower slipses 62, upper cone 81, lower cone 82, upper slipses hoop 51, lower slipses hoop 52, upper cone shop bolt 71 and lower cone shop bolt 72, wherein upper cone 81 is located at the upper end of packing element 10, more specifically, upper cone 81 is resisted against the upper end of gasket ring 91 on packing element, lower cone 82 is located at the lower end of packing element 10, more specifically, lower cone 82 is resisted against the lower end of gasket ring 92 under packing element.The upper cone 81, lower cone 82 are positioned on mandrel 1 by upper/lower cone shop bolt 71,72 respectively.The upper slipses 61 are located between upper press ring 41 and upper cone 81, and the outer inclined-plane of upper cone 81 is engaged with the outer inclined-plane of upper slipses 61, and lower slipses 62 are located between lower pressure ring 42 and lower cone 82, and the outer inclined-plane of lower cone 82 is engaged with the outer inclined-plane of lower slipses 62.In addition, the outer inclined-plane of the upper and lower slips 61,62 is respectively equipped with step surface, the step surface compresses with upper/lower cone shop bolt 71,72 be connected respectively.Upper and lower slips hoop 51,52 is respectively equipped with outside upper and lower slips 61,62, for upper and lower slips 61,62 to be compressed to the direction of mandrel 1, and due to the cooperation of step surface and upper/lower cone shop bolt 71,72, realize thrust to the transmission of packing element sealing mechanism to realize the setting of the first plugging device of penetration type 100.
The opener sets up the structure of production passage, it mainly includes to realize the lower end constant pressure turn on of the first plugging device 100：Rupture disk 14 and O-ring seal 13.O-ring seal 13 is arranged in the O-ring seal groove set in the lower end of mandrel 1, the positioning and sealing of rupture disk 14 are realized by the extrusion fit of the O-ring seal 13 of ladder end face and inner side in the lower end of mandrel 1 and the support and extrusion fit of the step surface of internal cavity of lower back ring 11 and the surface of internal cavity of lower contact 12 in the periphery of rupture disk 14, the spherical female of rupture disk 14 is face-up, spherical convex surface is down, spherical concave surface can bear maximum positive voltage power 1-10MPa, and spherical convex surface can bear the maximum back pressure from strata pressure for 20-80MPa；
The releasing gadget includes shearing ring 1a (see Fig. 5 A), the shearing ring 1a is arranged inside the upper end of mandrel 1, shearing ring 1a wall thickness is less than the wall thickness of mandrel 1, therefore shearing ring 1a becomes the vulnerable area of mandrel 1, is easy at shearing ring 1a break mandrel 1.
As shown in Fig. 5 B and Fig. 8, mechanism is slidingly sealed for a packoff nipple M, it includes：Seal plug M1, sealing platen M2, V-seal packing combination M3, seal nipple M4, VD shape rubber seal M5 and lock-screw M6.Wherein, the seal nipple M4 is hollow structure, and it has three-level step, and the external diameter of three-level step is sequentially reduced from top to bottom.The outer surface of the third level step (lower end) of the seal nipple M4 can be threadedly coupled with the inner surface of the mandrel 1 of the pressure retaining mechanism, and seal nipple M4 first order step (upper end) can be threadedly coupled with conveying oil pipe (not shown).The sealing platen M2 is also hollow structure, and it also has three-level step, and the external diameter of three-level step is also to be sequentially reduced from top to bottom.The outer surface of the second level step (middle part) of the sealing platen M2 is threadedly coupled with the inner surface of the first order step of the seal nipple M4.First annular space S 1 is formed with the lower end of the inner surface and sealing platen M2 third level step of seal nipple M4 second level step, V-seal packing combination M3 is installed, V-seal packing combines M3 and contacts to form high voltage bearing be slidingly sealed with crossing the integral joint tubing 200 of the first plugging device 100 in the first annular space S.In addition, inner surface above the first order step of the sealing platen M2 is connected with seal plug M1 outer surface thread, the lower end of inner surface and the seal plug M1 below the first step of the sealing platen M2 forms the second annular space S2, V-seal packing combination M3 is also installed in the second annular space S2, equally, it contacts to form high voltage bearing be slidingly sealed with crossing the integral joint tubing 200 of the first plugging device 100.
Wherein, the outer surface of the third level step of the sealing platen M2 and the inner surface of the first order step of the seal nipple M4 are formed with the 3rd annular space S3, VD shape rubber seal M5 is installed in the 3rd annular space S3, VD shape rubber seal M5 are had certain Elastic penetration by design requirement, play end face seal effect；In addition when V-seal packing combination M3 produces abrasion, the volume of the 3rd annular space between sealing platen M2 and seal nipple M4 may change, and at this moment VD shapes rubber seal M5 also acts as the effect of elastic compensating.
Wherein, the V-seal packing combination M3 is made up of support ring M31, at least one set (such as 9 groups) V-type polyvinyl chloride packing M32 and pressure ring M33.In addition, there is the seal plug M1 side of otch to be provided with lock-screw 6, to ensure the stabilized structure for being slidingly sealed mechanism.
The upper end of mandrel 1 is connected by internal thread with the center-pole Z of setting instrument, and center-pole Z lower end be located at shearing ring 1a top.
Preferably, the material selection aluminum of mandrel 1 but it is not limited to the first plugging device of penetration type 100 that can realize of aluminum and gives up the material of function.
Preferably, designed using inclined-plane empennage meshing mechanism the upper and lower end face of the first plugging device of penetration type 100 of the present invention, upper surface is that, in order to which penetration type the first plugging device 100 spins when preventing from boring mill the first plugging device 100 of penetration type, lower surface is to can play a part of guiding in tripping in the first plugging device 100 of penetration type using inclined-plane tail structure using inclined-plane tail structure.
Preferably, the main body of the first plugging device of drillable penetration type 100 of the present invention uses composite, and drillability is strong, and density is smaller, it is easy to which ground is taken in circulation out of, it is to avoid the metal fragment precipitation produced after conventional cast iron bridging plug milling.
Preferably, the plugging device component material of the first plugging device of penetration type 100 of the present invention is related to polyester fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), nitrile rubber, spheroidal graphite cast-iron and other materials that each overall performance requirement of the first plugging device of assembly function and penetration type 100 can be achieved.
Preferably, the first plugging device of drillable penetration type 100 of the present invention is setting must use setting instrument, and routine, which may be selected, in setting instrument can bore the general setting instrument of bridging plug.
It is according to the operation principle of the first embodiment of the first plugging device of penetration type 100 of the present invention：
It is setting：The setting instrument of tripping in, when setting, setting tool focus bar Z is motionless, and connected mandrel 1 and the lower back ring 11 being connected with mandrel, the lower contact 12 being connected with lower back ring 11 are also remained stationary as；The outer pushing cylinder of setting instrument is descending to promote top connection 2, upper back ring 3 is with respect to the slide downward of mandrel 1, extruding slips anchoring mechanism is forced in, lower cone 81, 82, on, lower cone shop bolt 71, 72 stress reach that design value for shear is cut, in the case where continuing force effect, on, lower cone 81, 82, which act on packing element sealing mechanism, makes the compression of packing element 10 reach complete packing state, packing element 10 compress reaction force with it is upper, lower pressure ring 41, 42 thrust collective effects make, lower slipses 61, 62 expansions are pressed on shaft in wall, the top connection 2 of the first plugging device of penetration type 100, upper back ring 3 engages locking with the position of mandrel 1 by buttless thread, realize that penetration type the first plugging device 100 is setting.
Give up：After setting, the outer pushing cylinder of setting instrument continues to force in the top connection 2 of the first plugging device of penetration type 100, and act on the lower end of mandrel 1 downwards eventually through lower contact 12, lower back ring 11, with setting tool focus bar Z relative motion occurs for the outer pushing cylinder of setting instrument, so that the mandrel 1 being connected with setting tool focus bar Z is in extended state, when tensile force reaches design load, mandrel 1 is broken at shearing ring 1a (i.e. the vulnerable area of mandrel 1) place, realizes that the underground of the first plugging device of penetration type 100 is given up.
Tripping in packoff nipple M：The body of the first plugging device 100 is setting give up after, first order steps and the threaded connection of conveying oil pipe lower end of the packoff nipple M by seal nipple M4, underground is sent into by conveying oil pipe, is threadedly coupled by seal nipple M4 third level step with mandrel 1 and packoff nipple M and the body of the first plugging device 100 is connected as a single entity to form the first plugging device of penetration type 100.
Tripping in integral joint tubing 200：Tripping in integral joint tubing 200, passes through packoff nipple M, arrives above the bottom constant pressure turn on mechanism of the first plugging device 100.Continue tripping in integral joint tubing 200, cause that rupture disk 14 is crushed under pressure, until integral joint tubing 200 is lowered to design attitude.
Set up production passage：By way of forward direction is suppressed, blanking plug 300 in oil pipe 200 is opened, production passage is set up.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 6, it is structural representation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.The difference for differing only in opener of second embodiment and first embodiment.In a second embodiment, the opener mainly includes wedge plug 14a and wedge plug shear pin 13a.The conical surface of the wedge plug 14a and the inner conical surface of lower contact 12 are interference fitted and positioned by wedge plug shear pin 13a, wedge plug 14a upper surfaces area is small, lower surface area big, and lower surface is acted on by strata pressure and makes wedge plug 14a be unlikely to undesirably fall off mandrel 1.
Preferably, wedge plug 14a is that rubber-like can bear high pressure sealing material.
3rd embodiment
As shown in figs. 7 and 7 a, its be structural representation according to the third embodiment of the invention and spliced wedge plug structural representation.The difference for differing only in opener of 3rd embodiment and second embodiment.In the third embodiment, the opener mainly includes two pieces of spliced wedge plug 14b and two wedge plug shear pin 13b.Spliced two pieces of wedge plug 14b conical surface and the inner conical surface of lower contact 12 are interference fitted and positioned by wedge plug shear pin 13a, wedge plug 14b upper surfaces area is small, lower surface area big, and lower surface is acted on by strata pressure and makes wedge plug 14b be unlikely to undesirably fall off mandrel 1.
During tripping in oil pipe 200, wedge plug shear pin 13a is cut by applying pressure to oil pipe 200, and wedge plug 14b overcomes interference fit frictional force and is driven into shaft bottom.And use two pieces of spliced wedge plug 14b wedge plug 14as complete compared to one piece advantage to be, when two pieces of spliced wedge plug 14b are driven into shaft bottom, automatically spread out, even if there is pressure by the upward pushing tows of wedge plug 14b in shaft bottom, it has been scatter yet with spliced wedge plug 14b, so can not pushing tow return lower contact 12 when automatic splicing, also ensure that constant pressure turn on process is smoothly completed.
Certainly, spliced wedge plug can be more than being made up of two pieces of splicing constructions, it can also be three pieces, four pieces, six pieces etc., as long as can effectively be scatter when ensure that every piece of splicing construction is all fixed in the inner conical surface of lower contact 12 in tripping in the first plugging device 100 of penetration type, and being pressurized.
In the application, the orientation term "up" and "down" is using the orientation on stratum as reference.
It the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any those skilled in the art easily can be changed or change in technical scope disclosed by the invention, and this be altered or varied should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain of claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of oil recovery gas method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one, well yield is judged,
Step 2, when yield is down to pre-value, blocks the original production tubing string of the well,
Step 3, into original production tubing string, tripping in diameter is less than the oil pipe of original production tubing string,
Step 4, makes the shaft bottom of well be connected with oil pipe and as flow string, to cause oil gas to pass through flow string
Spray.
2. oil recovery gas method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that repeat step one arrives step 4
To carry out multiple circulate operation, also, in first time operating process, in step 2 into original production tubing string
The plugging device of tripping in penetration type first, in step 3, the oil pipe of tripping in is extended downwardly through the first plugging device,
The lower end of oil pipe is provided with the blanking plug that can be connected, in step 4, opens blanking plug to cause shaft bottom and oil pipe
Connection.
3. oil recovery gas method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in first time operating process,
First plugging device is lowered into sleeve pipe and above the reducing of pit shaft, and oil pipe is lowered into the production for closing on well
At layer.
4. oil recovery gas method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that after first time operates
In operating process, the second plugging device that tripping in can be connected into original production tubing string in step 2, in step 3,
Into original production tubing string, tripping in oil pipe is to the top of the second plugging device, in step 4, open the second plugging device so that
Shaft bottom is obtained to connect with oil pipe.
5. oil recovery gas method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that after first time operates
In operating process, first into well during the second plugging device of tripping in, the second plugging device is run into the production layer of well
Push up and be not more than on boundary at 10 meters of position.
6. oil recovery gas method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 3, under
The lower surface of the oil pipe entered is extend under the liquid level of well.
7. oil recovery gas method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in first time operating process,
In step 3 the oil pipe of tripping in be integral joint tubing, also, integral joint tubing during tripping in the first envelope
Stifled device sliding sealing.
8. oil recovery gas method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the oil of last time tripping in
Gas lift valve is set in pipe.
9. oil recovery gas method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step 4,
Can the induced flow by way of injecting compressed nitrogen or natural gas.
10. oil recovery gas method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step one,
Described yield is gas production Qg, in the step 2, pre-value Q is obtained by formula (1)c：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>&pi;d</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msub>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula (1), d is the interior diameter of original production tubing string, ugFor critical flow velocity, and pass through formula (2)
Obtain,
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>&sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>G</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<msubsup>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mi>G</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>0.25</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula (2), α is constant coefficient, and σ is interfacial tension, ρLFor fluid density, ρGFor gas
Density.
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| CN114439419A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sand prevention sliding sleeve |
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| CN107304668B (en) | 2020-06-23 |
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