CN107302531A - A kind of serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue - Google Patents
A kind of serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue Download PDFInfo
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- CN107302531A CN107302531A CN201710462136.8A CN201710462136A CN107302531A CN 107302531 A CN107302531 A CN 107302531A CN 201710462136 A CN201710462136 A CN 201710462136A CN 107302531 A CN107302531 A CN 107302531A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
- H04L49/901—Buffering arrangements using storage descriptor, e.g. read or write pointers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
- H04L49/9031—Wraparound memory, e.g. overrun or underrun detection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
- H04L49/9084—Reactions to storage capacity overflow
- H04L49/9089—Reactions to storage capacity overflow replacing packets in a storage arrangement, e.g. pushout
- H04L49/9094—Arrangements for simultaneous transmit and receive, e.g. simultaneous reading/writing from/to the storage element
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of serial communication, and in particular to a kind of serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue, comprises the following steps：S1：Define serial communication protocol；S2：The state of definition status machine；S3：The annular circular data buffer of first in first out is set；S4：After host computer issues data, slave computer is by the way of DMA by the data received from peripheral hardware reads reception array, ceaselessly detect whether DMA receives new data in program principal function simultaneously, then the data newly entered are written in loop data buffer immediately when detecting the data newly entered；When there are data in loop data buffer, the reading of data is carried out simultaneously in the principal function of program, state during reading according to state machine carries out the parsing of data.The serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue of the present invention, it is possible to increase the real-time of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of serial communication, and in particular to a kind of serial port command based on state machine and circle queue
Analytic method.
Background technology
The master-slave system that host computer and Duo Tai slave computers are constituted all is employed in much engineering application controls at present.Under
Position machine drives executing agency mainly as data acquisition；Host computer then by being managed concentratedly to slave computer, completes information and shown
Show, data operation and the transmitting order to lower levels that makes decisions.Data interaction is completed between host computer and slave computer by way of communication,
In numerous communication modes, serial communication is using commonplace.
During the host computer of traditional serial communication and the serial communication of slave computer, host computer is issued after data, the next
Machine is interrupted by serial ports, not only to receive data, carry out data copy, also to carry out frame head, frame length, verification and, postamble
Judgement.The operand of interrupt function Program can thus be increased and the execution time is interrupted, because interrupt function in a program
Priority be higher than normal function, so the operand of interrupt function and the execution time increase can not only influence other functions
Normal operation, and can also data connect because of operand in interrupt function and under the influence of performing the increase even of time
Receive, cause the loss of data.Not only redundancy also lacks stability and real-time to such processing mode.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue, Neng Gouti
The real-time of high system.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of string based on state machine and circle queue
Mouth command analysis method, comprises the following steps：
S1：Define serial communication protocol；
S2：The state of definition status machine；
S3：The annular circular data buffer of first in first out is set；
S4：After host computer issues data, the data received are read and connect by slave computer by the way of DMA from peripheral hardware
Receive in array, while ceaselessly detect whether DMA receives new data in program principal function, when detecting the data that newly enter
The data newly entered are written in loop data buffer by Shi Ze immediately；When there is data in loop data buffer, in program
Principal function in simultaneously carry out data reading, during reading according to state machine state carry out data parsing.
Further, in the step S1, define serial communication protocol and include following domain：(1) frame head；(2) frame length
Degree；(3) function code；(4) frame data body；(5) verification and.
Further, the data frame head sets two.
Further, in the step S2, definition status machine has following several states：(1) inspection of data frame head receives shape
State；(2) data frame length checks reception state；(3) function code checks reception state；(4) frame data body reception state；(5) data
Frame check and inspection state.
Further, the method to set up of the annular circular data buffer of first in first out is：
The linear data buffering area for setting size to be SIZE, having of being received in the buffering area is pointed to Tail pointers
Effect Data Position is the position for writing data, and the valid data position handled in the buffering area is pointed to Head pointers and is read
The Data Position gone out, during initialization, Head pointers and Tail pointers all point to 0 position；It is stored in when serial ports receives data
After buffering area, Tail just adds 1, and when Tail is more than SIZE-1, Tail is updated into 0；When system from buffering area take out a number
According to being analyzed, Head just adds 1, and when Head is more than SIZE-1, Head is updated into 0.
Further, the data of reading are parsed according to the following steps：
S61：The original state of state machine is that data frame head checks reception state, and the data to reading carry out frame head inspection successively
Look into, the data invalid if default first frame head in the data and communication protocol is unequal continues to read next data,
Until two data of reading are equal with default two frame head datas, now frame head data is read successfully, change state machine
State is that data frame length checks reception state；
S62：Continue to read next data progress frame length inspection, if the data are met in communication protocol to data volume
The requirement of length, then the state of change state machine checks reception state for function code while obtaining frame length degrees of data；Otherwise then
Show the data invalid, the state of change state machine checks reception state, return to step S61 for frame head；
S63：Continue to read next data progress function code inspection, if the data are met in communication protocol to function code
Requirement, then change state machine state be frame data body reception state；Otherwise the data invalid is then shown, change state machine
State is that frame head checks reception state, return to step S61；
S64：The frame length degrees of data obtained according to step S2, the continuous data for reading the length required by frame length are used as frame
Data volume data, the state for then changing state machine is data frame check and inspection state, into step S65；
S65：The step S4 frame data bodies obtained are verified and checked, the perform function code regulation if verifying and be correct
Corresponding operating, otherwise then show the data invalid, the state of change state machine checks reception state, return to step for frame head
S61。
Further, state machine receive when, between byte and byte set receive time threshold, if it exceeds this when
Between the threshold value then data invalid, return to step S61.
The serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue of the present invention is annular using the circulation of first in first out
Buffering area carry out data access, data are read into array by peripheral hardware by way of DMA, eliminate serial ports interrupt during
Complicated processing, improves the real-time of system；The state of foundation state machine in major cycle is carried out in data queue in real time
Instruction identification and group bag, one instruction in not same area be stored in structure body unit in, in the absence of because single command mistake
Long or extraction instructs and causes the blocking time of this time circulation long.Software timeout treatment is added simultaneously, for mistake
Frame ordering is timely screened and abandoned, it is ensured that the correctness of order, is prevented because the erroneous judgement of order causes security incident.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is main program flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that first in first out circulates buffer circle schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is state machine workflow journey figure.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
A kind of serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue of the present invention, is comprised the following steps that：
Step one：Define serial communication protocol；Define serial communication protocol and include following domain：(1) frame head；(2) frame
Length；(3) function code；(4) frame data body；(5) verification and.
Step 2：The state of definition status machine；Definition status machine has following several states：(1) inspection of data frame head is received
State；(2) data frame length checks reception state；(3) function code checks reception state；(4) frame data body reception state；(5) number
According to frame check and inspection state.
In the present invention, it will be read during ceaselessly the state of foundation state machine is to circle queue in program major cycle
Data carry out instruction identification and the operation of group bag.State machine has following several states：
(1) data frame head checks reception state E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_HEADER
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_HEADER states check that reception state is mainly judgement data as data frame head
Start bit, in order to avoid this protocol definition data frame head that malfunctions is two, totally two byte.
(2) data frame length checks reception state E_UART_CMD_DATA_LENGTH
E_UART_CMD_DATA_LENGTH states as data frame length check reception state mainly to frame length whether
Satisfaction requires to be checked, this protocol definition frame length degrees of data is single byte.
(3) function code checks reception state E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_CMD
Whether E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_CMD states check the main audit function code of reception state as function code
In the range of the function code of definition, this protocol definition function code length data is single byte.
(4) frame data body reception state E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_BODY
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_BODY states are mainly as frame data body reception state to be received according to frame length
Frame data body.
(5) data frame check and inspection state E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_VALID
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_VALID states are as data frame check and inspection state mainly to receiving
Data CRC calculating and verify.
Step 3：The annular circular data buffer of first in first out is set；
The present invention deposits the data sent and received in communication using annular circular data buffer as data structure.
Buffer circle is the cyclic buffer of a first in first out.Buffer circle has write-in and reads two and moves in major cycle
Make, write operation is carried out when there is new data in DMA, and read operation is then carried out when there are data not read.Data buffer zone
There are a read pointer and a write pointer.Read pointer points to data readable in data buffer zone, and write pointer points to data buffering
Writeable buffering area in area.Digital independent and the write-in of data buffer zone can just be realized by mobile read pointer and write pointer.
Under normal conditions, the reading data of data buffer zone can only influence read pointer, and write pointer can only be influenceed by writing data.
As shown in Fig. 2 the method to set up of the annular circular data buffer of first in first out is：It is SIZE to set a size
Linear data buffering area, the position that the valid data position received in the buffering area writes data is pointed to Tail pointers
Put, the Data Position that the valid data position handled in the buffering area is read is pointed to Head pointers, during initialization,
Head pointers and Tail pointers all point to 0 position；After serial ports, which receives data, is stored in buffering area, Tail just adds 1, when
When Tail is more than SIZE-1, when Tail is updated into 0 data receiver, linear data buffering area becomes a winding；When system from
Buffering area takes out a data and analyzed, and Head just adds 1, and when Head is more than SIZE-1, Head is updated into 0, data analysis
When, linear data buffering area also becomes a winding；According to this method, it can be seen that what data were arrived first, data are first analyzed,
Establish the FIFO cyclic buffers of first in first out function.
This structure is very simple, and Tail represents the Data Position of write-in, and Head represents the Data Position read.Right
, it is necessary to SIZE modulus, prevent from overflowing during Head and Tail modifications.Baud rate, data flow that SIZE is typically used according to serial ports
Amount determines size with the processing speed of computer.
Step 4：After host computer issues data, slave computer is read the data received from peripheral hardware by the way of DMA
To receiving in array, while ceaselessly detect whether DMA receives new data in program principal function, when detecting what is newly entered
Then the data newly entered are written in loop data buffer immediately during data；When there is data in loop data buffer,
The reading of data is carried out in the principal function of program simultaneously, state during reading according to state machine carries out the parsing of data.
As shown in figure 1, the step of carrying out data parsing according to the state of state machine is：
S61：The original state of state machine is that data frame head checks reception state, and the data to reading carry out frame head inspection successively
Look into, the data invalid if default first frame head in the data and communication protocol is unequal continues to read next data,
Until two data of reading are equal with default two frame head datas, now frame head data is read successfully, change state machine
State is that data frame length checks reception state；
S62：Continue to read next data progress frame length inspection, if the data are met in communication protocol to data volume
The requirement of length, then the state of change state machine checks reception state for function code while obtaining frame length degrees of data；Otherwise then
Show the data invalid, the state of change state machine checks reception state, return to step S61 for frame head；
S63：Continue to read next data progress function code inspection, if the data are met in communication protocol to function code
Requirement, then change state machine state be frame data body reception state；Otherwise the data invalid is then shown, change state machine
State is that frame head checks reception state, return to step S61；
S64：The frame length degrees of data obtained according to step S2, the continuous data for reading the length required by frame length are used as frame
Data volume data, the state for then changing state machine is data frame check and inspection state, into step S65；
S65：The step S4 frame data bodies obtained are verified and checked, the perform function code regulation if verifying and be correct
Corresponding operating, otherwise then show the data invalid, the state of change state machine checks reception state, return to step for frame head
S61。
Also, state machine is when receiving, is set between byte and byte and receive time threshold, if it exceeds the time threshold
It is worth the then data invalid, return to step S61.By increasing software timeout treatment, for mistake frame ordering timely screen and
Abandon, it is ensured that the correctness of order, prevent because the erroneous judgement of order causes security incident.
Case verification：Frame head is defined to fix two bytes 0xAA, 0x55；Frame length is from function code to verification and counted altogether
According to length (single byte), function code be single byte between 0-0F, verification use exclusive or check.If a frame correct data is such as
Shown in table 1：
The frame correct data of table 1 one
State machine has following several states：
typedef enum
{
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_HEADER, the inspection of // frame head
E_UART_CMD_DATA_LENGTH, the inspection of // frame length
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_CMD, the inspection of // function code
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_BODY, // frame data physical examination is looked into
E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_VALID//verification and inspection
}teUartCmdAssembleState；
teUartCmdAssembleState eAssembleState；
Idiographic flow is as follows：(original state Head=0eAssembleState=E_UART_CMD_RECEIVING_
HEADER)
1. it is 0xAA to judge frame head, successful then Head=1；Continuation judges that next frame head is 0x55, successful then Head=2,
EAssembleState=E_UART_CMD_DATA_LENGTH；Go to 2.
2. the inspection of frame length：0x06 normally goes to state 3, Head=3, eAssembleState=E_UART_CMD_
RECEIVING_CMD。
3. function code inspection：0x01 is effective function code, goes to state 4, Head=4, eAssembleState=E_
UART_CMD_RECEIVING_BODY。
4. the reception of frame data domain body：Because frame length is 0x06, data field will receive remove function code and verification
Four data 0x01,0x11,0xAA, 0x01 with outside；Head=8, eAssembleState=E_UART_CMD_
RECEIVING_VALID.Go to 5.
5. verify the inspection of sum：According to agreement calculate verification and.Verify and correctly make correct corresponding operating.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1：Define serial communication protocol；
S2：The state of definition status machine；
S3：The annular circular data buffer of first in first out is set；
S4：After host computer issues data, the data received are read reception number by slave computer by the way of DMA from peripheral hardware
In group, while ceaselessly detecting whether DMA receives new data in program principal function, when detecting the data newly entered then
The data newly entered are written in loop data buffer immediately；When there is data in loop data buffer, in the master of program
The reading of data is carried out in function simultaneously, state during reading according to state machine carries out the parsing of data.
2. the serial port command analytic method according to claim 1 based on state machine and circle queue, it is characterised in that institute
State in step S1, define serial communication protocol and include following domain：(1) frame head；(2) frame length；(3) function code；(4) frame number
According to body；(5) verification and.
3. the serial port command analytic method according to claim 2 based on state machine and circle queue, it is characterised in that institute
State data frame head and set two.
4. the serial port command analytic method according to claim 3 based on state machine and circle queue, it is characterised in that institute
State in step S2, definition status machine there are following several states：(1) data frame head checks reception state；(2) data frame length inspection connects
Receipts state；(3) function code checks reception state；(4) frame data body reception state；(5) data frame check and inspection state.
5. the serial port command analytic method based on state machine and circle queue according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is special
Levy and be, the method to set up of the annular circular data buffer of first in first out is：
The linear data buffering area for setting a size to be SIZE, the significant figure received in the buffering area is pointed to Tail pointers
It is the position for writing data according to position, points to what the valid data position handled in the buffering area was read with Head pointers
Data Position, during initialization, Head pointers and Tail pointers all point to 0 position；Buffering is stored in when serial ports receives data
Qu Hou, Tail just add 1, and when Tail is more than SIZE-1, Tail is updated into 0；A data are taken out when system from buffering area to enter
Row analysis, Head just adds 1, and when Head is more than SIZE-1, Head is updated into 0.
6. the serial port command analytic method according to claim 4 based on state machine and circle queue, it is characterised in that press
The data of reading are parsed according to the following steps：
S61：The original state of state machine is that data frame head checks reception state, and the data to reading carry out frame head inspection successively,
The data invalid if default first frame head in the data and communication protocol is unequal, continues to read next data, directly
Two data to reading are equal with default two frame head datas, and now frame head data reads the shape for successfully changing state machine
State is that data frame length checks reception state；
S62：Continue to read next data progress frame length inspection, if the data are met in communication protocol to data body length
Requirement, then the state of change state machine checks reception state for function code while obtaining frame length degrees of data；Otherwise then show
The data invalid, the state of change state machine checks reception state, return to step S61 for frame head；
S63：Continue to read next data progress function code inspection, function code is wanted if the data are met in communication protocol
Ask, then the state for changing state machine is frame data body reception state；Otherwise then show the data invalid, change the state of state machine
Reception state, return to step S61 are checked for frame head；
S64：The frame length degrees of data obtained according to step S2, the continuous data for reading the length required by frame length are used as frame data
Volume data, the state for then changing state machine is data frame check and inspection state, into step S65；
S65：The step S4 frame data bodies obtained are verified and checked, the phase as defined in perform function code if verifying and be correct
It should operate, otherwise then show the data invalid, the state of change state machine checks reception state, return to step S61 for frame head.
7. the serial port command analytic method according to claim 6 based on state machine and circle queue, it is characterised in that shape
State machine sets between byte and byte when receiving and receives time threshold, if it exceeds the time threshold then data invalid,
Return to step S61.
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