CN107302175B - An all-optical switch based on field auxiliary control - Google Patents
An all-optical switch based on field auxiliary control Download PDFInfo
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- H01S3/1022—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation by controlling the optical pumping
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Abstract
本发明提供一种基于外场辅助控制的全光开关，包括：环形掺铒光纤激光器和与所述环形掺铒光纤激光器相连的外控制场，所述外控制场包括可调谐激光器和与所述可调谐激光器相连的第一光纤隔离器，所述第一光纤隔离器的输出端与所述环形掺铒光纤激光器相连。可调谐激光器输出控制信号经光纤隔离器注入激光环形腔内，激光出现振荡，并出现光学双稳现象，并且环形掺铒光纤激光器的双稳区间长度可通过由可调谐激光器输出的控制信号波长和功率调控。本发明结构简单，稳定性好，实际应用性强，可广泛应用于光通信、光计算和快速光信息处理等领域。
The present invention provides an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control, comprising: a ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser and an external control field connected to the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser, the external control field includes a tunable laser and the adjustable The tuning laser is connected to the first fiber isolator, and the output end of the first fiber isolator is connected to the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser. The output control signal of the tunable laser is injected into the laser ring cavity through the fiber isolator, the laser oscillates, and the optical bistability phenomenon occurs, and the length of the bistability interval of the ring erbium-doped fiber laser can be determined by the wavelength of the control signal output by the tunable laser and power regulation. The invention has simple structure, good stability and strong practical applicability, and can be widely used in the fields of optical communication, optical calculation, fast optical information processing and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于外场辅助控制的全光开关。The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control.
背景技术Background technique
20世纪90年代以来，光通讯得到了迅速发展，作为光通信关键环节的光开关，其地位也越来重要。目前，光开关的驱动有两种方式：电控和光控。其中电控开关已经市场化，这类开关的缺点是需要经过光电转换，工作效率较低。全光开关作为集成光子学器件，是一种“以光控光”的开关，无需光电转换，完全利用光子和介质之间的相互作用来达到“开”、“关”的效果，在光通信、光计算和快速光信息处理等领域都具有非常广阔的应用前景，近年来，全光开关的研究一直是人们关注的焦点。Since the 1990s, optical communication has developed rapidly, and the optical switch, as a key link of optical communication, has become more and more important. At present, there are two ways to drive the optical switch: electric control and light control. Among them, electronically controlled switches have been marketed. The disadvantage of this type of switch is that it needs to undergo photoelectric conversion, and its work efficiency is low. As an integrated photonics device, an all-optical switch is a switch that "controls light with light". , optical computing and fast optical information processing and other fields have very broad application prospects. In recent years, research on all-optical switches has been the focus of attention.
目前，研究较多的全光开关的实现方法主要有非线性干涉仪和非线性光纤光栅。At present, the realization methods of all-optical switches that have been researched mainly include nonlinear interferometers and nonlinear fiber gratings.
实现全光开关的非线性干涉仪分为双光束和多光束干涉仪，具体可分为双光束干涉的M-Z、非线性Sagnac干涉仪和多光束干涉的非线性F-P、环形腔干涉仪。介质折射率在强光作用下发生变化，引起两束传输光之间相位变化，输出端原有的相长干涉变为相消干涉，从而实现光开关。文献Vol.16,No.1(2007)101–110和IEEE PTL,VOL.16,NO.9,SEPTEMBER2004有相关报道。而此类方法实现的光开关需要较高的阈值功率和较高非线性折射率系数的材料。非线性光纤光栅型光开关常见的有非线性布拉格光栅(FBG)、非线性长周期光栅(LPFG)等。由于Kerr效应，当泵浦光入射到FBG后，光纤纤芯折射率发生变化，FBG反射谱中心波长随着泵浦光功率的增加而发生移动。当入射光波长恰好等于FBG中心波长时，信号光的反射光强达到最大，透射光强最小；中心波长移动原反射谱的半个峰宽时，信号光的反射光强最小，透射光强最大，实现了光栅对信号光的开关过程。LPFG原理上与FBG基本一致。文献OL,Vol.22,No.12,15June,1997和IEEE PTL,VOL.12,NO.1,JANUARY 2000可见相关报道。而此类方法实现的光开关中基本元件FBG、LPFG，其中心波长随温度变化较大，影响实用。Nonlinear interferometers that realize all-optical switching are divided into two-beam and multi-beam interferometers, which can be specifically divided into two-beam interference M-Z, nonlinear Sagnac interferometers, and multi-beam interference nonlinear F-P and ring cavity interferometers. The refractive index of the medium changes under the action of strong light, causing a phase change between the two beams of transmitted light, and the original constructive interference at the output end becomes destructive interference, thereby realizing an optical switch. Literature Vol.16, No.1 (2007) 101-110 and IEEE PTL, VOL.16, NO.9, SEPTEMBER2004 have related reports. However, the optical switch realized by this method requires materials with higher threshold power and higher nonlinear refractive index. Common nonlinear fiber grating optical switches include nonlinear Bragg grating (FBG), nonlinear long-period grating (LPFG), and the like. Due to the Kerr effect, when the pump light is incident on the FBG, the refractive index of the fiber core changes, and the central wavelength of the FBG reflection spectrum moves with the increase of the pump light power. When the wavelength of the incident light is exactly equal to the central wavelength of the FBG, the reflected light intensity of the signal light reaches the maximum and the transmitted light intensity reaches the minimum; when the central wavelength moves half the peak width of the original reflection spectrum, the reflected light intensity of the signal light reaches the minimum and the transmitted light intensity reaches the maximum , realizing the switching process of the grating to the signal light. LPFG is basically the same as FBG in principle. Literature OL, Vol.22, No.12, 15 June, 1997 and IEEE PTL, VOL.12, NO.1, JANUARY 2000 can be seen related reports. However, the central wavelength of the basic components FBG and LPFG in the optical switch realized by this method varies greatly with temperature, which affects practicality.
而光学双稳态是一种新的非线性光学现象，也是实现全光开关的有效方式之一，具有开关速度快、不受电磁干扰等优点，近年来，以光学双稳装置作为一种全光开光一直是人们关注的焦点和研究热点。The optical bistability is a new nonlinear optical phenomenon, and it is also one of the effective ways to realize the all-optical switch. It has the advantages of fast switching speed and no electromagnetic interference. Lighting has always been the focus of attention and research hotspot.
专利CN101257178A利用光纤双稳态现象来实现全光开关，提供了一种双稳区间可调的环形双稳态掺铒光纤激光器，采用两个泵浦源分别注入到增益段和吸收段掺铒光纤中，通过调节注入到吸收段掺铒光纤中的泵浦光可以迅速改变其吸收性能，进而调节双稳态区间大小。采用两个泵浦源和两段掺铒光纤，结构较复杂。Jung Mi Oh等人在文献IEEEJOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS,VOL.40,NO.4,APRIL 2004中报道了段环形掺铒光纤激光器中强光学双稳态现象，通过控制掺铒光纤长度和激光波长来改变双稳区间大小，并且通过分析研究上述两个参量对掺铒光纤增益曲线的影响来解释这一物理现象。而在实际应用中，对于某一固定的掺铒光纤激光器，其掺铒光纤长度是一定的，激光器波长也需根据用户需求而定，因此这种方法实现的光开关意义不大，无法实际应用。Patent CN101257178A utilizes the phenomenon of optical fiber bistable state to realize all-optical switch, and provides a ring bistable state erbium-doped fiber laser with adjustable bistable range. In this paper, by adjusting the pump light injected into the absorbing section of the erbium-doped fiber, its absorption performance can be changed rapidly, and then the size of the bistability interval can be adjusted. Two pumping sources and two sections of erbium-doped optical fiber are used, and the structure is relatively complicated. Jung Mi Oh et al. reported the strong optical bistability phenomenon in segmented ring erbium-doped fiber lasers in the document IEEEJOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, VOL.40, NO.4, APRIL 2004, by controlling the length of erbium-doped fiber and laser wavelength to change The size of the bistable interval, and explain this physical phenomenon by analyzing the influence of the above two parameters on the gain curve of the erbium-doped fiber. In practical applications, for a fixed erbium-doped fiber laser, the length of the erbium-doped fiber is certain, and the wavelength of the laser also needs to be determined according to the user's needs. Therefore, the optical switch realized by this method is of little significance and cannot be practically applied. .
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于外场辅助控制的全光开关，该全光开关结构简单，稳定性好，实际应用性强。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control. The all-optical switch has a simple structure, good stability and strong practical applicability.
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种基于外场辅助控制的全光开关，包括：环形掺铒光纤激光器和与所述环形掺铒光纤激光器相连的外控制场，所述外控制场包括可调谐激光器和与所述可调谐激光器相连的第一光纤隔离器，所述第一光纤隔离器的输出端与所述环形掺铒光纤激光器相连。To achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control, comprising: a ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser and an external control field connected to the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser, and the external control field It includes a tunable laser and a first fiber isolator connected with the tunable laser, and the output end of the first fiber isolator is connected with the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser.
优选地，所述可调谐激光器的调谐波长为1495nm-1640nm，其调谐功率为2.0mW-4.2mW。Preferably, the tuning wavelength of the tunable laser is 1495nm-1640nm, and the tuning power is 2.0mW-4.2mW.
更优选地，所述可调谐激光器的调谐波长为1500nm-1520nm，其调谐功率为2.8mW。More preferably, the tuning wavelength of the tunable laser is 1500nm-1520nm, and its tuning power is 2.8mW.
优选地，所述环形掺铒光纤激光器包括呈环形依次连接的波分复用器、增益介质、光纤窄带滤波器、第一光纤耦合器、第二光纤耦合器，以及与所述波分复用器的输入端相连的半导体泵浦激光器，以及与所述第一光纤耦合器的输出端相连的光功率计；所述第二光纤耦合器的输入端与所述第一光纤隔离器的输出端相连。Preferably, the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain medium, a fiber narrowband filter, a first fiber coupler, a second fiber coupler, and a wavelength division multiplexer connected sequentially in a ring. The semiconductor pump laser connected to the input end of the device, and the optical power meter connected to the output end of the first optical fiber coupler; the input end of the second optical fiber coupler is connected to the output end of the first optical fiber isolator connected.
在本发明中，波分复用器、增益介质、光纤窄带滤波器、第一光纤耦合器、第二光纤耦合器构成激光环形腔，半导体泵浦激光器出射泵浦激光由波分复用器端口耦合至激光环形腔内，在半导体泵浦激光器的作用下增益介质的基态原子受激吸收激发到亚稳态，此时高能级粒子数多于低能级，发生粒子数反转。半导体泵浦激光器出射泵浦激光功率处于激光器激光振荡阈值以下，注入外场后激光开始振荡，产生光学双稳态现象，可通过调节外场强度与波长控制双稳区间大小，从而实现光控光功能。In the present invention, the wavelength division multiplexer, the gain medium, the fiber narrowband filter, the first fiber coupler, and the second fiber coupler constitute a laser ring cavity, and the semiconductor pump laser emits pump laser light from the wavelength division multiplexer port Coupled to the laser ring cavity, under the action of the semiconductor pump laser, the ground state atoms of the gain medium are excited to the metastable state by stimulated absorption. At this time, the number of particles in the high energy level is more than that in the low energy level, and the number of particles is reversed. The output pump laser power of the semiconductor pump laser is below the laser oscillation threshold of the laser. After injection into the external field, the laser starts to oscillate, resulting in an optical bistability phenomenon. The size of the bistable interval can be controlled by adjusting the intensity of the external field and the wavelength, so as to realize the function of light control.
优选地，所述环形掺铒光纤激光器还包括第二光纤隔离器，所述第二光纤隔离器设置于所述光纤窄带滤波器与所述第一光纤耦合器之间。第二光纤隔离器保证激光环形腔内的激光单向传输，避免后向的放大自发辐射对激光的影响。Preferably, the ring erbium-doped fiber laser further includes a second fiber isolator, and the second fiber isolator is arranged between the fiber narrowband filter and the first fiber coupler. The second optical fiber isolator ensures the unidirectional transmission of the laser in the laser ring cavity, avoiding the influence of the backward amplified spontaneous radiation on the laser.
优选地，所述环形掺铒光纤激光器还包括第二光纤隔离器，所述第二光纤隔离器设置于所述第二光纤耦合器与所述波分复用器之间。Preferably, the ring erbium-doped fiber laser further includes a second fiber isolator, and the second fiber isolator is arranged between the second fiber coupler and the wavelength division multiplexer.
优选地，所述环形掺铒光纤激光器还包括第二光纤隔离器，所述第二光纤隔离器设置于所述增益介质与所述光纤窄带滤波器之间。Preferably, the ring erbium-doped fiber laser further includes a second fiber isolator, and the second fiber isolator is arranged between the gain medium and the fiber narrowband filter.
优选地，所述波分复用器为980/1550nm波分复用器。Preferably, the wavelength division multiplexer is a 980/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
优选地，所述窄带滤波器的中心波长为1550nm，所述窄带滤波器的3dB带宽为1.2-1.6nm。Preferably, the central wavelength of the narrowband filter is 1550nm, and the 3dB bandwidth of the narrowband filter is 1.2-1.6nm.
更优选地，所述窄带滤波器的3dB带宽为1.4nm。More preferably, the 3dB bandwidth of the narrowband filter is 1.4nm.
优选地，所述半导体泵浦激光器的波长为980nm或1480nm。Preferably, the wavelength of the semiconductor pump laser is 980nm or 1480nm.
优选地，所述第一光纤耦合器包括分光比为5-25％的第一输出端和分光比为95-75％的第二输出端，其中，所述第一光纤耦合器的第一输出端与所述光功率计相连，所述第一光纤耦合器的第二输出端与所述第二光纤耦合器相连。Preferably, the first fiber coupler includes a first output port with a split ratio of 5-25% and a second output port with a split ratio of 95-75%, wherein the first output port of the first fiber coupler The end is connected to the optical power meter, and the second output end of the first fiber coupler is connected to the second fiber coupler.
更优选地，所述第一光纤耦合器包括分光比为20％的第一输出端和分光比为80％的第二输出端。More preferably, the first fiber coupler includes a first output port with a split ratio of 20% and a second output port with a split ratio of 80%.
优选地，所述第二光纤耦合器包括分光比为5-25％的第一输入端和分光比为95-75％的第二输入端，所述第二光纤耦合器的第一输入端与所述外控制场相连，所述第二光纤耦合器的第二输入端与第一光纤耦合器的第二输出端相连。Preferably, the second optical fiber coupler includes a first input end with a splitting ratio of 5-25% and a second input end with a splitting ratio of 95-75%, the first input end of the second optical fiber coupler is connected to The external control field is connected, and the second input end of the second fiber coupler is connected with the second output end of the first fiber coupler.
更优选地，所述第二光纤耦合器包括分光比为20％的第一输入端和分光比为80％的第二输入端。More preferably, the second fiber coupler includes a first input end with a light splitting ratio of 20% and a second input end with a light splitting ratio of 80%.
如上所述，本发明的一种基于外场辅助控制的全光开关，具有以下有益效果：本发明采用外控制场对环形掺铒光纤激光器进行调控，可调谐激光器输出控制信号经光纤隔离器注入激光环形腔内，激光出现振荡，并出现光学双稳现象，环形掺铒光纤激光器的区间长度可通过由可调谐激光器输出的控制信号波长和功率进行调控。本发明结构简单，稳定性好，实际应用性强，可广泛应用于光通信、光计算和快速光信息处理等领域。As mentioned above, an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses an external control field to regulate the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser, and the output control signal of the tunable laser is injected into the laser through a fiber isolator. In the ring cavity, the laser oscillates and optical bistability occurs. The interval length of the ring erbium-doped fiber laser can be regulated by the wavelength and power of the control signal output by the tunable laser. The invention has simple structure, good stability and strong practical applicability, and can be widely used in the fields of optical communication, optical calculation, fast optical information processing and the like.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1显示为本发明的基于外场辅助控制的全光开关的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control of the present invention.
图2显示为本发明中当控制信号波长为1505nm时，激光输出功率与外控制场功率的相应关系图。Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output power of the laser and the power of the external control field when the wavelength of the control signal is 1505nm in the present invention.
图3显示为本发明中当控制信号波长为1510nm时，激光输出功率与外控制场功率的相应关系图。Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output power of the laser and the power of the external control field when the wavelength of the control signal is 1510 nm in the present invention.
图4显示为本发明中当控制信号波长为1515nm时，激光输出功率与外控制场功率的相应关系图。Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the output power of the laser and the power of the external control field when the wavelength of the control signal is 1515nm in the present invention.
图5显示为本发明中当控制信号波长为1520nm时，激光输出功率与外控制场功率的相应关系图。Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output power of the laser and the power of the external control field when the wavelength of the control signal is 1520nm in the present invention.
元件标号说明Component designation description
1 外控制场1 outer field of control
11 可调谐激光器11 Tunable Lasers
12 第一光纤隔离器12 First fiber optic isolator
2 环形掺铒光纤激光器2 Ring Erbium-doped Fiber Laser
21 波分复用器21 WDM
22 增益介质22 gain medium
23 光纤窄带滤波器23 fiber optic narrowband filter
24 第一光纤耦合器24 First fiber coupler
25 第二光纤耦合器25 Second fiber optic coupler
26 第二光纤隔离器26 Second fiber optic isolator
27 半导体泵浦激光器27 semiconductor pump laser
28 光功率计28 optical power meter
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
需要说明的是，以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，遂图式中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments are only schematically illustrating the basic ideas of the present invention, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the diagrams rather than the number, shape and shape of the components in actual implementation. Dimensional drawing, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed arbitrarily during actual implementation, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.
本发明提供一种基于外场辅助控制的全光开关，该全光开关无需光电转换，完全利用光子和介质之间的相互作用来达到“开”、“关”的效果，可应用于光通信、光计算和快速光信息处理等领域。请参阅图1，图1显示为基于外场辅助控制的全光开关的结构示意图，如图所示，基于外场辅助控制的全光开关包括外控制场1和环形掺铒光纤激光器2。The invention provides an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control. The all-optical switch does not need photoelectric conversion, and fully utilizes the interaction between photons and media to achieve the effect of "on" and "off". It can be applied to optical communication, Optical computing and fast optical information processing and other fields. Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control. As shown in the figure, the all-optical switch based on external field auxiliary control includes an external control field 1 and a ring erbium-doped fiber laser 2 .
其中，外控制场1包括可调谐激光器11和第一光纤隔离器12，第一光纤隔离器12的输入端与可调谐激光器11相连，第一光纤隔离器12的输出端与环形掺铒光纤激光器相连。可调谐激光器11的调谐波长为1495nm-1640nm，其调谐功率为2.0mW-4.2mW。于实施例中，可调谐激光器11的调谐波长为1500nm-1520nm，其调谐功率为2.8mW。第一光纤隔离器12保证外场的单向传输，避免激光环形腔内激光对外控制场的控制激光的影响。Wherein, the outer control field 1 includes a tunable laser 11 and a first fiber isolator 12, the input end of the first fiber isolator 12 is connected with the tunable laser 11, and the output end of the first fiber isolator 12 is connected with the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser connected. The tuning wavelength of the tunable laser 11 is 1495nm-1640nm, and its tuning power is 2.0mW-4.2mW. In the embodiment, the tuning wavelength of the tunable laser 11 is 1500nm-1520nm, and its tuning power is 2.8mW. The first optical fiber isolator 12 ensures the one-way transmission of the external field, and avoids the influence of the laser in the laser ring cavity on the control laser of the external control field.
环形掺铒光纤激光器2包括呈环形依次连接的波分复用器21、增益介质22、光纤窄带滤波器23、第一光纤耦合器24、第二光纤耦合器25，以及与波分复用器21的输入端相连的半导体泵浦激光器27，以及与第一光纤耦合器24的输出端相连的光功率计28，以及第二光纤隔离器26；第二光纤耦合器25的输入端与第一光纤隔离器12的输出端相连。The ring erbium-doped fiber laser 2 comprises a wavelength division multiplexer 21, a gain medium 22, an optical fiber narrowband filter 23, a first fiber coupler 24, a second fiber coupler 25, and a wavelength division multiplexer connected sequentially in a ring. The semiconductor pump laser 27 that is connected to the input end of 21, and the optical power meter 28 that is connected with the output end of the first fiber coupler 24, and the second fiber isolator 26; The input end of the second fiber coupler 25 is connected to the first The output ends of the optical fiber isolator 12 are connected.
本发明采用波分复用器21、增益介质22、光纤窄带滤波器23、第一光纤耦合器24和第二光纤耦合器25构成激光环形腔，半导体泵浦激光器27出射泵浦激光由波分复用器21端口耦合至激光环形腔内，在泵浦激光的作用下增益介质的基态原子受激吸收激发到亚稳态，此时高能级粒子数多于低能级，发生粒子数反转。半导体泵浦激光器27出射泵浦光功率处于激光器激光振荡阈值以下，注入外场后激光开始振荡，产生光学双稳态现象，可通过调节外场强度与波长控制双稳区间大小，从而实现光控光功能。The present invention adopts a wavelength division multiplexer 21, a gain medium 22, an optical fiber narrowband filter 23, a first optical fiber coupler 24 and a second optical fiber coupler 25 to form a laser ring cavity, and a semiconductor pump laser 27 emits a pumping laser that is divided by a wavelength division The port of the multiplexer 21 is coupled to the laser ring cavity, and under the action of the pump laser, the ground state atoms of the gain medium are excited to a metastable state by stimulated absorption. At this time, the number of high energy level particles is more than that of low energy level, and the number of particles is reversed. The output pump light power of the semiconductor pump laser 27 is below the laser oscillation threshold of the laser, and the laser starts to oscillate after being injected into the external field, resulting in an optical bistable phenomenon. The size of the bistable interval can be controlled by adjusting the external field intensity and wavelength, so as to realize the optical control function. .
在本实施例中，第二光纤隔离器26设置于第二光纤耦合器25与波分复用器21之间。第二光纤隔离器26保证激光环形腔内的激光单向传输，避免后向的放大自发辐射对激光的影响。In this embodiment, the second fiber isolator 26 is disposed between the second fiber coupler 25 and the wavelength division multiplexer 21 . The second optical fiber isolator 26 ensures the unidirectional transmission of the laser in the laser ring cavity, avoiding the influence of the backward amplified spontaneous radiation on the laser.
在其它实施例中，可将第二光纤隔离器26设置于光纤窄带滤波器23与第一光纤耦合器24之间，或者，将第二光纤隔离器26设置于增益介质22与光纤窄带滤波器23之间。这些均属于本发明的保护范围。当然，此处所列举的位置关系为最优选的位置，在其它的实施例中，第二光纤隔离器26的位置可以根据实际需求进行选择，并不限定于此。In other embodiments, the second fiber isolator 26 can be arranged between the fiber narrowband filter 23 and the first fiber coupler 24, or the second fiber isolator 26 is arranged between the gain medium 22 and the fiber narrowband filter Between 23. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Of course, the positional relationship listed here is the most preferred position. In other embodiments, the position of the second optical fiber isolator 26 can be selected according to actual requirements, and is not limited thereto.
在本实施例中，所述波分复用器21选用980/1550nm波分复用器。In this embodiment, the wavelength division multiplexer 21 is a 980/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
采用长度为25-35m的低掺杂的掺铒光纤作为增益介质2。于本实施例中，采用长度为30m的低掺杂的掺铒光纤作为增益介质2。A low-doped erbium-doped optical fiber with a length of 25-35 m is used as the gain medium 2 . In this embodiment, a low-doped erbium-doped fiber with a length of 30 m is used as the gain medium 2 .
掺铒光纤在充足泵浦情况下是良好的增益介质，在无泵浦或注入其中的泵浦光很弱时是良好的非线性吸收体。本发明采用较长掺铒光纤作为增益介质2，当半导体泵浦激光器27功率固定在激光振动阈值以下，此时可将长度为L的掺铒光纤分成L1和L2两段，L＝L1+L2，前段L1吸收泵浦光可作为增益介质对信号光进行增益，后段L2未被泵浦则可作为吸收体吸收控制光。根据掺铒光纤的吸收与增益谱可知，当波长处于1500nm～1520nm时，掺铒光纤对其吸收大于增益，当该波段的控制信号注入环形腔内，L2段掺铒光纤首先达到饱和吸收，即控制场改变了L2段掺铒光纤的吸收性能。Erbium-doped fiber is a good gain medium when there is enough pumping, and it is a good nonlinear absorber when there is no pump or the pump light injected into it is very weak. The present invention adopts longer erbium-doped fiber as the gain medium 2, when the power of semiconductor pump laser 27 is fixed below the laser vibration threshold, the erbium-doped fiber with length L can be divided into two sections L1 and L2, L=L1+L2 , the front section L1 absorbing the pump light can be used as a gain medium to gain the signal light, and the back section L2 can be used as an absorber to absorb the control light when it is not pumped. According to the absorption and gain spectrum of the erbium-doped fiber, when the wavelength is between 1500nm and 1520nm, the absorption of the erbium-doped fiber is greater than the gain. When the control signal of this band is injected into the ring cavity, the L2 section of the erbium-doped fiber first reaches saturated absorption, that is The control field changes the absorption performance of the L2 section of Erbium-doped fiber.
窄带滤波器的中心波长为1550nm，窄带滤波器的3dB带宽为1.2-1.6nm。在本实施例中，窄带滤波器的中心波长为1550nm，窄带滤波器的3dB带宽为1.4nm，可实现波长为1550nm的激光输出。The central wavelength of the narrowband filter is 1550nm, and the 3dB bandwidth of the narrowband filter is 1.2-1.6nm. In this embodiment, the central wavelength of the narrowband filter is 1550nm, and the 3dB bandwidth of the narrowband filter is 1.4nm, which can realize laser output with a wavelength of 1550nm.
半导体泵浦激光器27的波长为980nm/1480nm。在本实施例中，半导体泵浦激光器27的波长为980nm。半导体泵浦激光器27输出的980nm泵浦激光功率固定在激光振荡阈值以下，由可调谐激光器11输出控制信号经第一光纤隔离器12注入激光环形腔内，此时激光开始振荡，出现光学双稳现象，并且其区间长度(OB Region)可通过由可调谐激光器11输出的控制信号波长和功率进行调控。The semiconductor pump laser 27 has a wavelength of 980nm/1480nm. In this embodiment, the semiconductor pump laser 27 has a wavelength of 980 nm. The 980nm pump laser power output by the semiconductor pump laser 27 is fixed below the laser oscillation threshold, and the control signal output by the tunable laser 11 is injected into the laser ring cavity through the first optical fiber isolator 12. At this time, the laser starts to oscillate, and optical bistability occurs phenomenon, and its interval length (OB Region) can be regulated by the wavelength and power of the control signal output by the tunable laser 11.
第一光纤耦合器24包括分光比为5-25％的第一输出端和分光比为95-75％的第二输出端，第一光纤耦合器24的第一输出端与光功率计28相连，第一光纤耦合器24的第二输出端与第二光纤耦合器25相连。在本实施例中，第一光纤耦合器24包括分光比为20％的第一输出端和分光比为80％的第二输出端，第一光纤耦合器24的分光比为20％的第一输出端与光功率计28相连，第一光纤耦合器24的分光比为80％的第二输出端与第二光纤耦合器25相连。即将激光环内20％的激光耦合输出，80％的激光在激光环形腔内振荡。The first optical fiber coupler 24 includes a first output port with a splitting ratio of 5-25% and a second output port with a splitting ratio of 95-75%, and the first output port of the first optical fiber coupler 24 is connected with an optical power meter 28 , the second output end of the first fiber coupler 24 is connected to the second fiber coupler 25 . In this embodiment, the first fiber coupler 24 includes a first output port with a split ratio of 20% and a second output port with a split ratio of 80%, and the first output port with a split ratio of the first fiber coupler 24 is 20%. The output end is connected to the optical power meter 28 , and the second output end of the first fiber coupler 24 with a light splitting ratio of 80% is connected to the second fiber coupler 25 . That is, 20% of the laser light in the laser ring is coupled out, and 80% of the laser light is oscillated in the laser ring cavity.
第二光纤耦合器25包括分光比为5-25％的第一输入端和95-75％的第二输入端，第二光纤耦合器25的第一输入端与外控制场1相连，第二光纤耦合器25的第二输入端与第一光纤耦合器24的第二输出端相连。在本实施例中，第二光纤耦合器25包括分光比为20％的第一输入端和分光比为80％的第二输入端，第二光纤耦合器25的分光比为20％的第一输入端与外控制场1相连，第二光纤耦合器25的分光比为80％的第二输入端与第一光纤耦合器24的分光比为80％的第二输出端相连。The second fiber coupler 25 includes a split ratio of 5-25% of the first input and 95-75% of the second input, the first input of the second fiber coupler 25 is connected with the external control field 1, the second The second input end of the fiber coupler 25 is connected to the second output end of the first fiber coupler 24 . In this embodiment, the second fiber coupler 25 includes a first input port with a split ratio of 20% and a second input port with a split ratio of 80%. The first input port with a split ratio of the second fiber coupler 25 is 20%. The input end is connected to the external control field 1, and the second input end of the second fiber coupler 25 with a split ratio of 80% is connected to the second output end of the first fiber coupler 24 with a split ratio of 80%.
请参阅图2至5，图2至5分别显示为当控制信号波长为1505nm、1510nm、1515nm、1520nm时，输出激光功率与外控制场功率相应关系图，可说明外控制场调控的双稳态区间长度大小的变化。其将泵浦激光功率固定在激光振荡阈值以内，第一光纤耦合器24的分光比为20％的第一输入端输出的激光经光功率计28测得功率，注入激光环形腔内的控制信号波长λc及功率Pc可通过可调谐激光器调节。Please refer to Figures 2 to 5. Figures 2 to 5 respectively show the relationship between the output laser power and the power of the external control field when the wavelength of the control signal is 1505nm, 1510nm, 1515nm, and 1520nm, which can illustrate the bistability of the external control field regulation The change in the size of the interval length. It fixes the power of the pumping laser within the laser oscillation threshold, the laser output from the first input port with a splitting ratio of 20% of the first fiber coupler 24 is measured by the optical power meter 28, and injected into the control signal of the laser ring cavity The wavelength λ c and the power P c can be adjusted by a tunable laser.
在图2中，当λc＝1505nm时，从零逐渐增大功率，当Pc调至2.0mW(上升沿阈值)时，激光环形腔内有激光输出，且激光输出功率随Pc的增大而增加，若此时减小Pc，激光不会消失，直到Pc减小至0.6mW(下降沿阈值)，激光完全被抑制，双稳区间长度(OB Region)为2.0mW-0.6mW＝1.4mW。在图3、图4、图5中，当控制信号波长λc＝1510nm、1515nm、1520nm时，同样可观察到双稳态的磁滞回线，双稳区间长度(OB Region)分别为0.9mW、0.6mW、0.3mW。即对于1505nm、1510nm、1515nm、1520nm某一波长的控制激光注入激光环形腔内，都存在明显的光学双稳现象，且随着控制信号波长的增加，双稳态的磁滞回线宽度在一定程度上被压缩，即实现了外控制场对双稳区间长度的调控。In Figure 2, when λ c =1505nm, gradually increase the power from zero, when P c is adjusted to 2.0mW (rising edge threshold), there is laser output in the laser ring cavity, and the laser output power increases with the increase of P c If P c is reduced at this time, the laser will not disappear until P c decreases to 0.6mW (falling edge threshold), the laser is completely suppressed, and the length of the bistable interval (OB Region) is 2.0mW-0.6mW = 1.4mW. In Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5, when the control signal wavelength λ c =1510nm, 1515nm, 1520nm, the hysteresis loop of the bistable state can also be observed, and the length of the bistable interval (OB Region) is 0.9mW respectively , 0.6mW, 0.3mW. That is to say, for the control laser with a certain wavelength of 1505nm, 1510nm, 1515nm, and 1520nm injected into the laser ring cavity, there is an obvious optical bistability phenomenon, and with the increase of the wavelength of the control signal, the width of the hysteresis loop of the bistability is at a certain level. It is compressed to a certain extent, that is to say, the adjustment of the length of the bistable interval by the external control field is realized.
综上所述，本发明采用外控制场对环形掺铒光纤激光器进行调控，可调谐激光器输出控制信号经光纤隔离器注入激光环形腔内，激光出现振荡，并出现光学双稳现象，环形掺铒光纤激光器的区间长度可通过由可调谐激光器输出的控制信号波长和功率进行调控。本发明结构简单，稳定性好，实际应用性强，可广泛应用于光通信、光计算和快速光信息处理等领域。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。In summary, the present invention uses an external control field to regulate the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser, and the output control signal of the tunable laser is injected into the laser ring cavity through the fiber isolator, and the laser oscillates, and optical bistability occurs, and the ring-shaped erbium-doped fiber laser The interval length of the fiber laser can be regulated by the wavelength and power of the control signal output by the tunable laser. The invention has simple structure, good stability and strong practical applicability, and can be widely used in the fields of optical communication, optical calculation, fast optical information processing and the like. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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| JPH07231131A (en) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-29 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber laser device |
| US5544192A (en) * | 1994-03-19 | 1996-08-06 | Alcatel N.V. | Optically pumped bistable laser |
| CN1448773A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2003-10-15 | 上海交通大学 | Low Noise Index Gain-Clamped Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier |
| CN101257178A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Ring bistable erbium-doped fiber laser with adjustable bistable interval |
-
2017
- 2017-06-21 CN CN201710475886.9A patent/CN107302175B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07231131A (en) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-29 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber laser device |
| US5544192A (en) * | 1994-03-19 | 1996-08-06 | Alcatel N.V. | Optically pumped bistable laser |
| CN1448773A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2003-10-15 | 上海交通大学 | Low Noise Index Gain-Clamped Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier |
| CN101257178A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Ring bistable erbium-doped fiber laser with adjustable bistable interval |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 掺铒光纤中的双稳态现象的研究;沈立君;《光学学报》;20070430;第27卷(第4期);全文 * |
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