CN107299414B - High molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber preparation method and product - Google Patents

High molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber preparation method and product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107299414B
CN107299414B CN201710543063.5A CN201710543063A CN107299414B CN 107299414 B CN107299414 B CN 107299414B CN 201710543063 A CN201710543063 A CN 201710543063A CN 107299414 B CN107299414 B CN 107299414B
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molecular weight
polylactic acid
lactic acid
high molecular
low molecular
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CN107299414A (en
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苏娟娟
韩建
孟扬
朱凡
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02Heat treatment
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12Stretch-spinning methods

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber preparation methods, include the following steps: 1) by high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid and low molecular weight l-lactic acid by melting mixing, extruding pelletization obtains blend;The mass fraction of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid is 5~50% in the blend, and the mass fraction of the low molecular weight l-lactic acid is 50~95%;2) blend is subjected to melt spinning to get high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber.The invention further relates to the products that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.The preparation method has a simple process, and production technology is controllable.Prepared polylactic acid blend fiber has shish-kebab superlattice structure abundant, and crystallinity is 40~60%, and heated dry air shrinking percentage is 3.0~6.0%, and boiling water shrinkage is 0.3~2.0%.

Description

The preparation of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber Method and product
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation fields of acid fiber by polylactic, and in particular to a kind of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecule Measure the preparation method and product of l-lactic acid blended fiber.
Background technique
Polylactic acid (Poly Lactic Acid, PLA) is by the various reproducible natural moneys such as starch, cellulose, polysaccharide Source by hydrolysis, fermenting is made lactic acid, aggregated obtained new polyester material, be it is a kind of can be degradable it is environmentally friendly Resin.
Polylactic acid has excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical performance and physical property, so that it is in packaging, biology The fields such as medical treatment, automotive electronics have a wide range of applications, and also have potential application value in chemical fibre and non-woven field.
But at this stage, since the crystallization of polylactic acid is slow, even during the spinning process under strongly tensile flow field active force, according to So it is difficult to obtain the PLA fiber of high-crystallinity (55-60%).And thermal stability poor caused by low-crystallinity (20-30%) Seriously affect its service performance.
Acid fiber by polylactic is solved to be to improve its thermal stability using the critical issue of limitation.Usually solve its thermal stability Mode can be by improving its crystallinity, as Chinese invention patent (106366594 A of CN) is open a kind of three-dimensional containing polylactic acid The preparation method of the high-toughness polylactic acid blend of compound, this method using the dextrorotation polylactic acid of high-optical-purity as nucleating agent and L-lactic acid mixes at room temperature, obtains the high-toughness polylactic acid blend of the stereo complex containing polylactic acid.This method is logical Raising crystallinity is crossed to improve its heat resistance, compared to its heat resistance is improved by crystallinity, the change of crystal habit is to resistance to Hot improvement is more effective.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecule The preparation method and product of l-lactic acid blended fiber are measured, it is super brilliant that this method can be improved shish-kebab in blended fiber The content of lattice structure, and the heated dry air shrinking percentage and boiling water shrinkage of blended fiber can be greatly lowered, acquisition can be extensive The high heat resistance blended fiber of application.
Technical solution provided by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber, including it is as follows Step:
1) high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid and low molecular weight l-lactic acid are passed through into melting mixing, extruding pelletization obtains Blend;The mass fraction of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid is 5~50% in the blend, the left-handed poly- cream of low molecular weight The mass fraction of acid is 50~95%;
2) blend melt spinning is carried out to be blended to get high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid Fiber.
It in above-mentioned technical proposal, is blended by high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid and low molecular weight l-lactic acid, and through molten Melt spinning and obtains blended fiber.On the one hand, high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid (HPDLA) long-chain is intertwine with each other in blend, such as Fig. 1 It is shown during the spinning process, the long-chain entanglement network of overlapped entanglement under outer field action carries the low molecular weight of network internal The short deformation of chain of l-lactic acid (hereinafter referred to as LPLLA), orientation, effectively the presoma of inductive formation shish nucleus, is flowing Play the role of in field induction nucleation key.
On the other hand, HPDLA and LPLLA is that structure body, HPDLA and LPLLA enantiomer spiral point are found in two different mappings There are special CH between subchain3With O=C interaction of hydrogen bond, and this interaction of hydrogen bond can drive Stereocomplex The generation of crystal, fusing point are about 50 DEG C high compared with the one pack system crystal of PDLA or PLLA.It flows under field action, the entanglement network of HPDLA LPLLA can be swept along to be orientated, then be expected to a possibility that increasing the contact of LPLLA and HPDLA segment, strengthen the short chain of LPLLA and HPDLA The interaction of hydrogen bond of long-chain.
By the synergistic effect of above two mechanism, promote shish-kebab abundant in LPLLA super brilliant using HPDLA The generation of lattice structure, to obtain the polylactic acid blend fiber that thermal stability significantly improves.
Preferably, melting mixing uses masterbatch and low molecular weight l-lactic acid as raw material in the step 1).
Preferably, the preparation of the masterbatch: high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid and low molecular weight l-lactic acid are dissolved in Methylene chloride, and pour into ethyl alcohol, sediment is obtained, obtains masterbatch after drying.
Preferably, the mass ratio of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid and low molecular weight l-lactic acid is 1 in the masterbatch: 0.9~1.1.Further preferably 1:1.
Preferably, the temperature of melting mixing is 220~250 DEG C in the step 1).Further preferably 240 DEG C.
Preferably, in the step 2) melt spinning condition are as follows: 240~265 DEG C of spinning temperature, winding rate 100~ 500m/min, 100~180 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 1~5.
Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid is 5~19 × 105G/mol, low molecular weight are left The weight average molecular weight for revolving polylactic acid is 1.5~3 × 105g/mol。
The present invention also provides a kind of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weights being prepared such as above-mentioned preparation method L-lactic acid blended fiber.The blended fiber have shish-kebab superlattice structure abundant, crystallinity be 40~ 60%, heated dry air shrinking percentage is 3.0~6.0%, and boiling water shrinkage is 0.3~2.0%.
Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
(1) preparation method process provided by the present invention is simple, and production technology is controllable.
(2) polylactic acid blend fiber fully biodegradable provided by the present invention, thus the fiber cannot be only used for work Journey field, it may also be used for medicine and hygiene fields.
(3) HPDLA long-chain is intertwine with each other in polylactic acid blend fiber provided by the present invention, under outer field action, mutually The long-chain entanglement network that overlapping is tangled carries the short deformation of chain of LPLLA of network internal, orientation, and HPDLA and LPLLA strand it Between there are strong interaction of hydrogen bond, not only contribute to the generation for promoting shish, and may advantageously facilitate and generated The stability of shish, and the short chain crystallization that stable shish further causes surrounding unperturbed state generates kebab, ultimately forms Shish-kebab superlattice structure, obtains polylactic acid blend fiber that thermal stability significantly improves, and crystallinity is 40~ 60%, heated dry air shrinking percentage is 3.0~6.0%, and boiling water shrinkage is 0.3~2.0%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that blended fiber forms shish-kebab superlattice structure during the spinning process.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Taking weight average molecular weight is 5 × 105The HPDLA and weight average molecular weight of g/mol is 1.5 × 105The LPLLA conduct of g/mol Raw material.
10gHPDLA and 10gLPLLA are dissolved in 150ml methylene chloride, magnetic agitation 3h under normal temperature condition will be mixed molten Liquid is poured into while stirring in 50ml dehydrated alcohol, the sediment that HPDLA/LPLLA mass ratio is 1:1 is obtained, in vacuum drying oven In be dried to obtain masterbatch.
By 10g above-mentioned masterbatch and 40g LPLLA, melting extrusion is granulated under the conditions of miniature extruder, 240 DEG C, is obtained HPDLA/LPLLA blend;
By the blend in 240 DEG C of spinning temperature, wind rate 100m/min, 100 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 2 PLA blended fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of times.
Specific test method: 1) it using the hot air shrinkage of single fiber thermal contraction test instrument test PLA blended fiber, surveys Examination temperature is set as 140 DEG C, testing time 30min.2) boiling shrinkage of PLA blended fiber is tested under standard atmospheric conditions Rate, testing time 30min.
Percent thermal shrinkage is calculate by the following formula:
In formula, L0For the initial length of fiber, L is the final lengths of the fiber after overheat contraction.
It is 5.5% that the PLA blended fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In normal atmosphere Under the conditions of measure its boiling water shrinkage be 1.6%, crystallinity 42%, Herman orientation index be 0.18.
Embodiment 2
Taking weight average molecular weight is 10 × 105The HPDLA and weight average molecular weight of g/mol is 1.5 × 105The LPLLA of g/mol makees For raw material.
10gHPDLA and 10gLPLLA are dissolved in 150ml methylene chloride, magnetic agitation 3h under normal temperature condition will be mixed molten Liquid is poured into while stirring in 50ml dehydrated alcohol, the sediment that HPDLA/LPLLA mass ratio is 1:1 is obtained, in vacuum drying oven In be dried to obtain masterbatch.
By 10g above-mentioned masterbatch and 40g LPLLA, melting extrusion is granulated under the conditions of miniature extruder, 240 DEG C, is obtained HPDLA/LPLLA blend;
By the blend in 250 DEG C of spinning temperature, rate 120m/min is wound, 120 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio is PLA blended fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of 2.5 times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 4.6% that the PLA blended fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In normal atmosphere Under the conditions of measure its boiling water shrinkage be 1.3%, crystallinity 45%, Herman orientation index be 0.20.
Embodiment 3
Taking weight average molecular weight is 10 × 105The HPDLA and weight average molecular weight of g/mol is 1.5 × 105The LPLLA of g/mol makees For raw material.
10gHPDLA and 10gLPLLA are dissolved in 150ml methylene chloride, magnetic agitation 3h under normal temperature condition will be mixed molten Liquid is poured into while stirring in 50ml dehydrated alcohol, the sediment that HPDLA/LPLLA mass ratio is 1:1 is obtained, in vacuum drying oven In be dried to obtain masterbatch.
By 10g above-mentioned masterbatch and 40g LPLLA, melting extrusion is granulated under the conditions of miniature extruder, 220 DEG C, is obtained HPDLA/LPLLA blend;
By the blend in 255 DEG C of spinning temperature, rate 200m/min is wound, 120 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio is PLA blended fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of 3.5 times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 3.9% that the PLA blended fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In normal atmosphere Under the conditions of measure its boiling water shrinkage be 1.0%, crystallinity 48%, Herman orientation index be 0.22.
Embodiment 4
Taking weight average molecular weight is 17 × 105The HPDLA and weight average molecular weight of g/mol is 2.5 × 105The LPLLA of g/mol makees For raw material.
10gHPDLA and 10gLPLLA are dissolved in 150ml methylene chloride, magnetic agitation 3h under normal temperature condition will be mixed molten Liquid is poured into while stirring in 50ml dehydrated alcohol, the sediment that HPDLA/LPLLA mass ratio is 1:1 is obtained, in vacuum drying oven In be dried to obtain masterbatch.
By 10g above-mentioned masterbatch and 40g LPLLA, melting extrusion is granulated under the conditions of miniature extruder, 220 DEG C, is obtained HPDLA/LPLLA blend;
By the blend in 255 DEG C of spinning temperature, rate 300m/min is wound, 130 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio is PLA blended fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of 3.5 times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 3.5% that the PLA blended fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In normal atmosphere Under the conditions of measure its boiling water shrinkage be 0.8%, crystallinity 51%, Herman orientation index be 0.23.
Embodiment 5
Taking weight average molecular weight is 19 × 105The HPDLA and weight average molecular weight of g/mol is 3 × 105The LPLLA conduct of g/mol Raw material.
10gHPDLA and 10gLPLLA are dissolved in 150ml methylene chloride, magnetic agitation 3h under normal temperature condition will be mixed molten Liquid is poured into while stirring in 50ml dehydrated alcohol, the sediment that HPDLA/LPLLA mass ratio is 1:1 is obtained, in vacuum drying oven In be dried to obtain masterbatch.
By 15g above-mentioned masterbatch and 35g LPLLA, melting extrusion is granulated under the conditions of miniature extruder, 240 DEG C, is obtained HPDLA/LPLLA blend;
By the blend in 260 DEG C of spinning temperature, wind rate 500m/min, 150 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 5 PLA blended fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 3.2% that the PLA blended fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In normal atmosphere Under the conditions of measure its boiling water shrinkage be 0.5%, crystallinity 53%, Herman orientation index be 0.28.
Embodiment 6
Taking weight average molecular weight is 10 × 105The HPDLA and weight average molecular weight of g/mol is 2 × 105The LPLLA conduct of g/mol Raw material.
10gHPDLA and 10gLPLLA are dissolved in 150ml methylene chloride, magnetic agitation 3h under normal temperature condition will be mixed molten Liquid is poured into while stirring in 50ml dehydrated alcohol, the sediment that HPDLA/LPLLA mass ratio is 1:1 is obtained, in vacuum drying oven In be dried to obtain masterbatch.
By 15g above-mentioned masterbatch and 35g LPLLA, melting extrusion is granulated under the conditions of miniature extruder, 200 DEG C, is obtained HPDLA/LPLLA blend;
By the blend in 230 DEG C of spinning temperature, wind rate 500m/min, 150 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 5 PLA blended fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 3.0% that the PLA blended fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In normal atmosphere Under the conditions of measure its boiling water shrinkage be 0.3%, crystallinity 57%, Herman orientation index be 0.30.
Comparative example 1
It is 2 × 10 by weight average molecular weight5The LPLLA raw material 50g of g/mol passes through miniature extruder, melts under the conditions of 240 DEG C Extruding pelletization obtains LPLLA pellet;
By the pellet in 240 DEG C of spinning temperature, wind rate 100m/min, 100 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 2.5 PLA fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 20% that the PLA fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In standard atmosphere condition Under measure its boiling water shrinkage be 7.8%, crystallinity 27%, Herman orientation index be 0.12.
Comparative example 2
It is 2 × 10 by weight average molecular weight5The LPLLA raw material 50g of g/mol passes through miniature extruder, melts under the conditions of 240 DEG C Extruding pelletization obtains LPLLA pellet;
By the pellet in 250 DEG C of spinning temperature, wind rate 300m/min, 120 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 4.5 PLA fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 12% that the PLA fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In standard atmosphere condition Under measure its boiling water shrinkage be 4.5%, crystallinity 30%, Herman orientation index be 0.14.
Comparative example 3
It is 15 × 10 by weight average molecular weight5The LPLLA raw material 50g of g/mol passes through miniature extruder, melts under the conditions of 200 DEG C Melt extruding pelletization, obtains LPLLA pellet;
By the pellet in 260 DEG C of spinning temperature, wind rate 300m/min, 130 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 4.5 PLA fiber is made in melt spinning under conditions of times.
The test method of hot air shrinkage and boiling water shrinkage such as embodiment 1 is identical.
It is 23% that the PLA fiber, which measures its hot air shrinkage through single fiber thermal contraction test instrument,;In standard atmosphere condition Under measure its boiling water shrinkage be 8.5%, crystallinity 34%, Herman orientation index be 0.15.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber preparation method, which is characterized in that Include the following steps:
1) high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid and low molecular weight l-lactic acid are passed through into melting mixing, extruding pelletization is blended Object;The mass fraction of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid is 5~50% in the blend, the low molecular weight l-lactic acid Mass fraction is 50~95%;The weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid is 5~19 × 105G/mol, low molecule The weight average molecular weight for measuring l-lactic acid is 1.5~3 × 105g/mol;
2) blend is subjected to melt spinning to get high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber.
2. the preparation of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid according to claim 1-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber Method, which is characterized in that the temperature of melting mixing is 220~250 DEG C in the step 1).
3. the preparation of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid according to claim 1-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber Method, which is characterized in that the condition of melt spinning in the step 2) are as follows: 240~265 DEG C of spinning temperature, winding rate 100~ 500m/min, 100~180 DEG C of hot gas spring temperature, draw ratio 1~5.
4. a kind of high molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecule that the preparation method as described in claims 1 to 3 is any is prepared Measure l-lactic acid blended fiber.
CN201710543063.5A 2017-07-05 2017-07-05 High molecular weight dextrorotation polylactic acid-low molecular weight l-lactic acid blended fiber preparation method and product Active CN107299414B (en)

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CN102409432A (en) * 2010-09-19 2012-04-11 东丽纤维研究所(中国)有限公司 High heat resistance polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof
CN102634866A (en) * 2012-04-25 2012-08-15 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Self-enhanced polylactic acid fiber and preparation method thereof
CN103088458A (en) * 2013-01-27 2013-05-08 彭荣淮 Pure polylactic acid tows as well as preparation method and cigarette filter trip thereof
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