CN107294550B - It is a kind of based on interference eliminate slotted ALOHA system send and receive method - Google Patents
It is a kind of based on interference eliminate slotted ALOHA system send and receive method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107294550B CN107294550B CN201710438634.9A CN201710438634A CN107294550B CN 107294550 B CN107294550 B CN 107294550B CN 201710438634 A CN201710438634 A CN 201710438634A CN 107294550 B CN107294550 B CN 107294550B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
- H04B1/1036—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal with automatic suppression of narrow band noise or interference, e.g. by using tuneable notch filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15564—Relay station antennae loop interference reduction
- H04B7/15585—Relay station antennae loop interference reduction by interference cancellation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of slotted ALOHA system signals eliminated based on interference for belonging to technical field of satellite communication to send and receive method.This method includes initially setting up slotted ALOHA system to receive model, and the followed by slotted ALOHA system receives the method that the signal of model sends and receives；Wherein, slotted ALOHA system receives model signals each message in transmission process and randomly chooses multiple time slots repetition transmissions in a frame, different messages randomly choose different training sequences and synchronize for receiving end, estimate the arrival time delay of each message by related operation in receiving end；Finally, carrying out interference elimination using model is received, restore each user message in the case where message collides to realize；This method is suitable for slotted ALOHA system, such as very high frequency(VHF) data exchange system VDES, satellite ship automatic identification system SAT-AIS, satellite Internet of Things, can significantly improve the capacity of slotted ALOHA system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a kind of slotted ALOHA system hair eliminated based on interference
It send and method of reseptance.The time slot interference elimination algorithm of specifically a kind of slotted ALOHA system.
Background technique
It is being with ship automatic identification system (AIS), satellite very high frequency(VHF) data exchange system (VDES) and satellite internet
CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement is applied in the satellite data exchange system of representative；ALOHA agreement belongs to one kind of random storage agreement,
It is divided into pure ALOHA agreement and CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement.Wherein pure ALOHA agreement provides that the multi-access mode of different user is multiple for the time-division
With (TDMA) mode, each user emits signal when having transmitting message demand, if being properly received signal, receiving end is returned to
User confirms character (ACK), indicates successful message receipt；If receiving end is received in the same time from two different users
Signal, then it is assumed that occur message transition collision, will lead to message cannot be properly received, receiving end without feed back or return NACK signal,
Indicate message sink failure, each user that message transition collision at this moment occurs waits certain time to re-start transmission, until message
Until receiving successfully.The probability that message transition collision occurs when number of users is more for this cut-in method is very big, and it is stifled to will lead to message
Plug.CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement is a kind of improvement to pure ALOHA agreement, in CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement, is advised using unified clock
Each user's sending time is determined, when user, which has, sends message demand, has needed to wait next time slot proceed-to-send signal, has led to
Message transition collision probability can be reduced to the half of pure ALOHA agreement by the unification of oversampling clock.The message of CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement is sent out
Send schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.
CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement is widely used in mobile phone mobile network, WIFI, ship automatic identification system (AIS) and satellite
In the systems such as very high frequency(VHF) data exchange system (VDES), carrier sense (CSTDMA) and self-organizing are frequently utilized that in ground network
(SOTDMA) mode reduces message transition collision probability and improves power system capacity.However in satellite system, system delay is higher, different
User is apart from each other or even can not be closed by way of listening to carrier wave and reserving time slots between horizon range, each user
Reason distribution time slot simultaneously eliminates the interference of message transition collision bring.It is therefore desirable to carry out in satellite receiver to multi-user's collision alarm
Effectively eliminate interference.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of slotted ALOHA systems eliminated based on interferenceSignalSend and receive method；
It is characterized in that, this method includes initially setting up slotted ALOHA system to receive model, followed by shouldTime slotALOHA system receives
The method that the signal of model sends and receives；Wherein, specific slotted ALOHA system reception device group become memory to it is related
Device, interference are eliminated, demodulation is connected；Memory eliminates connection with interference again and local training sequence is connect with correlator；Time slot
The signal that ALOHA system receives model is synchronous as receiving end using different training sequences at random in transmission process, is receiving
End the distribution of each message in a slot is estimated by the synchronous of training sequence；It is eliminated finally by interference and solves each message,
To restore the message of each user in the case where message transition collision has occurred.
The slotted ALOHA system receives the foundation of model, it is assumed that and a frame length is N number of time slot in CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement,
There is L user to send signal in a frame, it is as follows that slotted ALOHA system receives model:
The form of message that user sends:
S [i, n]=[strain[i],spayload[i],sguard]
Wherein s [i, n] indicates i-th of message in the transmitting signal of time slot n, and same user sends signal phase in a frame
Together, thus forN≤N has s [i, m]=s [i, n]=s [i]；strain[i] indicates the training sequence of i-th of message, instruction
Practice the pattern of sequence in T1,T2,…TMMiddle random selection；spayload[i] indicates the data information that i-th of user needs to send,
sguardFor protection interval, sguard=[0,0 ..., 0].
Slotted ALOHA system receives model in the reception signal waveform of n-th of time slot:
Wherein δ [n] is the window function of n-th of time slot, i.e.,
Wherein slotn indicates that n-th of time slot, others indicate other time slots, Ak[i, n] is i-th of message in time slot n
The amplitude of signal, D [i, n] are signal transmission delay, and φ [i, n] is phase offset, and Δ ω [i, n] is the frequency deviation of signal, w (n)
For white Gaussian noise, double-side band power spectral density is σw 2/2；
Slotted ALOHA system, which is described, using matrix form receives model
R=Hs+w
Wherein r is to receive signal phasor, is matrix r=[r [1], r [2] ... the r [N]] of N × 1T:
S is to send signal phasor
Wherein H is the matrix of N × L, indicates the channel of communication system, the i-th row jth column element H of Hij=h [i, j] is indicated
It receives to come and the channel of j-th of user message in i-th of time slot, deliver letters if j-th of user does not issue in i-th of time slot
Number then HijIt is 0.
W is the white Gaussian noise vector that size is N × 1
The formula has reacted the slotted ALOHA system under Gaussian channel and has received model.
Model is received based on above-mentioned slotted ALOHA system, the slotted ALOHA system eliminated based on interference receives model
Signal sends and receives method
The step of signaling method, is as follows:
Step 1: completing the encapsulation of message package, makes message-length control in a time slot, more than the message of a time slot
It will send several times；
Step 2: training sequence code character allowable is Ti, i=1,2 ... M, it is M that each training sequence pattern allowable, which is length,
PN code or Walsh code；Each message selects training sequence synchronous as receiving end in training sequence code character allowable at random；
Step 3: message selects sending time slots to send signal, and receiving end is waited to respond；
Step 4: when transmitting terminal does not receive receiving end at the appointed time to be responded, random selection time slot continues to send same
One message；Until receiving receiving end back-signalling.
The step of signal acceptance method, is as follows:
Step 1: carrying out burst demodulation to the reception signal of each time slot, if cyclic redundancy check (CRC) verification is correct,
Then respond confirmation character；When colliding, cyclic redundancy check can verify failure, then do not give transmitting terminal feedback signal；It is same with this
When store all data r in a frame length；
Step 2: setting primary condition training sequence label i=1；
Step 3: training sequence T is utilizediSliding correlation is carried out to signal, finds out correlation peak location, storage relevant peaks
Number, peak position, peak value size；
Step 4: correlation peak location has following several situations, if an only relevant peaks, there are a letters for the time slot
Number；If there is multiple relevant peaks and multiple relevant peaks occur in identical time slot, then it is assumed that are existed simultaneously by multiple and different users
The signal of current time slots transmitting；If cross-correlation is done in different time-gap, by the signal of these time slots in the position of relevant peaks, if
There is peak value, then it is assumed that be that same user repeats the signal sent in different time-gap, otherwise it is assumed that being different user when different
The signal that gap is sent；It can be determined according to above-mentioned several situations and use current training sequence user number LiEmit with each user
The time slot position n of signal；
Step 5: as i < M, i=i+1, return step three goes to step 6 as i=M；
Step 6: the signal relevant peaks energy that user sends is estimated by the peak height of relevant peaks in step 3, is passed through
The position of relevant peaks, amplitude and phase information calculate the channel h [i, n] of message；Each signal that recycle step four obtains
Transmission time slot position.The value of each nonzero element in available channel H；
Step 7: estimating original signal s by following formula using signal phasor r and channel H is received,
Step 8: to vectorIn the signal of every row demodulated, the data that demodulation result meets cyclic redundancy check are stayed
Under, and to transmitting terminal feedback acknowledgment character (ACK), if CRC check fails, which is abandoned, and user is waited to send out next time
It send；
Step 9: next frame data return step two is stored.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows this algorithms for there is a phenomenon where time slot collisions to propose in multi-user's uplink in system
Slotted ALOHA system signal sends and receives method.Suitable for sparse slotted-ALOHA channelv, such as satellite network, satellite ship
Oceangoing ship automatic recognition system (AIS), some satellite data exchange systems such as spaceborne very high frequency(VHF) data exchange system (VDES).Can have
Effect ground reduces influence of the message transition collision to receptivity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is CDMA slotted ALOHASystemReceive the schematic diagram that message is distributed in Limited slot.
Fig. 2 is that the structure for the reception device that the slotted ALOHA system signal eliminated based on interference sends and receives method is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the interference cancellation algorithm based on slotted ALOHA system.
Fig. 4 estimates the flow diagram of channel so that 64 kinds of training sequences, training sequence pattern are PN code as an example.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides the method that a kind of signal of slotted ALOHA system sends and receives, and this method includes CDMA slotted ALOHA
The foundation of system receiving type and the slotted ALOHA system receive the method that the signal of model sends and receives；Wherein, signal exists
It is synchronous as receiving end using different training sequences at random in transmission process, it is each by the synchronous estimation of training sequence in receiving end
The distribution of a message in a slot；Restore each message finally by interference elimination method, thus message transition collision has occurred
In the case of restore the message of each user；It is explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
CDMA slotted ALOHA as shown in Figure 1 receives the schematic diagram that message is distributed in Limited slot.Illustrated in figure message A, B,
C, the distribution schematic diagram of D, E in different time-gap；The wherein distribution schematic diagram of message in a frame as time slot N=7, L=5,
The foundation of the reception model of CDMA slotted ALOHA assumes that a frame length is N=7 time slot in ALOHA agreement in the example, in a frame
In there is L=5 user to send signal, each user sends signal and repeats 2 to 3 times.
Receiving model using the slotted ALOHA system of matrix form description is r=Hs+w.
Wherein r is to receive signal, and w is the white Gaussian noise vector that size is N × 1；
H is the matrix of N × L, indicates the channel of communication system, the i-th row jth column element H of Hij=h [i, j] is indicated i-th
A time slot receives the channel from j-th of user message, if j-th of user not if i-th of time slot issues the number of delivering letters
HijIt is 0；Situation H shown in FIG. 1 can be expressed as following form:
Example has reacted under Gaussian channel slotted ALOHA system and receives model in formula combination Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 show base
In the reception device schematic diagram of the interference cancellation algorithm of slotted ALOHA system.The reception device group of specific CDMA slotted ALOHA, which becomes, deposits
Reservoir is eliminated with correlator, interference, demodulation is connected；Memory eliminates connection and local training sequence and correlator with interference again
Connection.Model is received based on above-mentioned slotted ALOHA system, the slotted ALOHA system eliminated based on interference receives model letter
Number sending and receiving method includes the method that signal sends and receives:
The step of signaling method, is as follows:
Step 1: completing the encapsulation of message package, make message-length control in a time slot, more than the message of a time slot
It will send several times；
Step 2: being locally generated 64 64 PN codes or Walsh code as training sequence code character allowable.Each message with
Machine selects training sequence synchronous as receiving end in training sequence code character allowable.
Step 3: message selection sending time slots send signal, and receiving end is waited to respond；
Step 4: when transmitting terminal does not receive receiving end at the appointed time to be responded, random selection time slot continues to send same
One message；Until receiving receiving end back-signalling.
The signal acceptance method general frame is as shown in Fig. 2, specifically reception process is as shown in Figure 3:
Step 1: one frame signal of storage, for subsequent processing.
Step 2: by the signal of storage by correlator, by the distribution feelings of the estimation of process described in Fig. 4 message in a slot
Condition carries out related calculation processing first with training sequence and signal, and the relevant peaks that same training sequence generates have following three kinds of feelings
Condition: if an only relevant peaks, there are a signals for the time slot；If there is multiple relevant peaks and multiple relevant peaks are in phase
Occur with time slot, then it is assumed that be by multiple and different users simultaneously in the signal of current time slots transmitting；If the position of relevant peaks exists
The signal of these time slots is then done cross-correlation by different time-gap, if there is peak value, then it is assumed that is same user in different time-gap weight
The signal sent is recurred, otherwise it is assumed that be the signal that different user is sent in different time-gap, and the correlation that different training sequences generate
Peak is sent by different user；It can be determined according to above-mentioned several situations and use current training sequence user number LiWith each use
The time slot position n of family transmitting signal.
Step 4: estimating the channel that user sends by relevant peaks；Recycle the transmitting of each signal of correlator output
Time slot position, the value of each nonzero element in available channel H；
Step 5: original signal s is estimated by following formula using signal phasor r and channel H is received,
Step 6: eliminating result to interferenceIn each signal demodulated, demodulation result is met to the data of CRC check
It leaves, and sends feedback signal, if CRC check fails, which is abandoned, and user is waited to send next time.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of slotted ALOHA system signal eliminated based on interference sends and receives method, which is characterized in that when initially setting up
Gap ALOHA system receives model；Specific slotted ALOHA system reception device group becomes memory and correlator, interference elimination, solution
Adjust series connection；Memory eliminates connection with interference again and local training sequence is connect with correlator；Secondly, slotted ALOHA system
Signal is synchronous as receiving end using different training sequences at random in transmission process, in the synchronization that receiving end passes through training sequence
Estimate the distribution of each message in a slot；It is eliminated finally by interference and solves each message, thus message transition collision has occurred
In the case where restore the message of each user；
The slotted ALOHA system receives the foundation of model, it is assumed that a frame length is N number of time slot in CDMA slotted ALOHA agreement, one
There is L user to send signal in frame, the process for establishing slotted ALOHA system reception model is as follows:
The form of message that user sends:
S [i, n]=[strain[i],spayload[i],sguard]
Wherein s [i, n] indicates i-th of message in the transmitting signal of time slot n, and same user's transmission signal is identical in a frame, because
This forN≤N has s [i, m]=s [i, n]=s [i]；strain[i] indicates the training sequence of i-th of message, training sequence
The pattern of column is in T1,T2,…TMMiddle random selection；spayload[i] indicates the data information that i-th of user needs to send, sguardFor
Protection interval, sguard=[0,0 ..., 0]；
Slotted ALOHA system receives model in the reception signal waveform of n-th of time slot:
Wherein δ [n] is the window function of n-th of time slot, i.e.,
Wherein slot n indicates that n-th of time slot, others indicate other time slots, Ak[i, n] is letter of i-th of the message in time slot n
Number amplitude, D [i, n] are signal transmission delay, and φ [i, n] is phase offset, and Δ ω [i, n] is the frequency deviation of signal, and w (n) is height
This white noise, double-side band power spectral density are σw 2/2；
Slotted ALOHA system, which is described, using matrix form receives model
R=Hs+w
Wherein r is to receive signal phasor, is matrix r=[r [1], r [2] ... the r [N]] of N × 1T:
S is to send signal phasor
Wherein H is the matrix of N × L, indicates the channel of communication system, the i-th row jth column element H of Hij=h [i, j] is indicated i-th
A time slot, which receives, to be come and the channel of j-th of user message, if j-th of user not if i-th of time slot issues the number of delivering letters
HijIt is 0；
W is the white Gaussian noise vector that size is N × 1
The formula reflects the slotted ALOHA system under Gaussian channel and receives model.
2. a kind of slotted ALOHA system signal eliminated based on interference sends and receives method according to claim 1, special
The step of sign is, receives the signaling method of model based on above-mentioned slotted ALOHA system is as follows:
Step 1: completing the encapsulation of message package, makes message-length control in a time slot, and the message more than a time slot will divide
Repeatedly send；
Step 2: training sequence code character allowable is Ti, i=1,2 ... M, each training sequence pattern allowable is the PN code that length is M
Or Walsh code；Each message selects training sequence synchronous as receiving end in training sequence code character allowable at random；
Step 3: message selects sending time slots to send signal, and receiving end is waited to respond；
Step 4: when transmitting terminal does not receive receiving end at the appointed time to be responded, random selection time slot continues to send same disappear
Breath；Until receiving receiving end back-signalling.
3. a kind of slotted ALOHA system signal eliminated based on interference sends and receives method according to claim 1, special
The step of sign is, receives the signal acceptance method of model based on above-mentioned slotted ALOHA system is as follows:
Step 1: burst demodulation is carried out to the reception signal of each time slot and responds ACK if CRC check is correct；When touching
CRC check will fail when hitting, then does not give transmitting terminal feedback signal；All data r in a frame length are stored at the same time；
Step 2: setting primary condition training sequence label i=1；
Step 3: training sequence T is utilizediSliding correlation is carried out to signal, correlation peak location is found out, stores relevant peaks number, peak value
Position, peak value size；
Step 4: correlation peak location has following several situations, if an only relevant peaks, there are a signals for the time slot；
If there is multiple relevant peaks and multiple relevant peaks occur in identical time slot, then it is assumed that are by multiple and different users simultaneously current
The signal of slot transmission；If cross-correlation is done in different time-gap, by the signal of these time slots in the position of relevant peaks, if occurring
Peak value, then it is assumed that be that same user repeats the signal sent in different time-gap, otherwise it is assumed that being that different user is sent out in different time-gap
The signal sent；It can determine according to above-mentioned several situations and use current training sequence user number LiEmit signal with each user
Time slot position n；
Step 5: as i < M, i=i+1, return step three goes to step 6 as i=M；
Step 6: the channel h [i, n] of each message is calculated by the position of relevant peaks in step 3, amplitude and phase information；Again
Utilize the transmission time slot position for each signal that step 4 obtains；The value of each nonzero element in available channel H；
Step 7: estimating original signal s by following formula using signal phasor r and channel H is received,
Step 8: to vectorIn the signal of every row demodulated, the data that demodulation result meets CRC check are left, and to hair
Sending end feeding back ACK, if CRC check fails, which is abandoned, and user is waited to send next time；
Step 9: next frame data return step two is stored.
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| CN109041253B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-11-20 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Diversity access method and system based on iterative detection in unmanned aerial vehicle cluster measurement and control |
| CN110474861B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-10-30 | 清华大学 | Wireless communication method based on space-time reference |
| WO2021054890A1 (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Receiver for processing multi-channel signals received in a vhf data exchange system and method thereof |
| CN112702103A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-04-23 | 山东星通易航通信科技有限公司 | VDES uplink received signal detection method based on serial interference elimination |
| CN113057604A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-07-02 | 应急管理部上海消防研究所 | Buried pressure personnel rescue platform |
| CN113055863A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-06-29 | 北京理工大学 | Asynchronous non-orthogonal large-scale random access method for satellite Internet of things |
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