CN107291995B - Floating marine structure stress calculation method based on spectral analysis method - Google Patents
Floating marine structure stress calculation method based on spectral analysis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a floating type ocean structure stress calculation method based on a spectrum analysis method, and belongs to the technical field of ocean floating body structure strength analysis and evaluation. A method for calculating structural stress of a floating ocean structure based on a spectral analysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing a model; secondly, calculating a structural stress transfer function; thirdly, parameterizing a wave spectrum; fourthly, calculating a structural stress energy spectrum; fifthly, calculating short-term sea state spectrum moment; sixthly, calculating a short-term probability density function; step seven, calculating a wave dispersion diagram; eighthly, calculating wave direction probability; the ninth step, calculate the long-term probability density function; step ten, calculating a structural stress long-term statistic value; step ten, checking; the invention not only considers the operation sea area environment, but also considers the total strength and the local strength of the floating ocean structure, has more comprehensive consideration and higher adaptability, and simultaneously eliminates the error problem caused by manual operation through computer calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine floating body structure strength analysis and evaluation, in particular to a floating marine structure stress calculation method based on a spectrum analysis method.
Background
With the progress of the human society, the land resources are gradually exhausted, and the human society gradually starts to develop and utilize marine resources, such as development of marine oil and gas development, marine mineral mining, marine nuclear energy and the like. Because the development and utilization of the ocean are still in the starting stage, and the development of the ocean activities is carried out by depending on the floating ocean structure as the platform, along with the diversification of the functions of the platform, the traditional ship-type floating ocean structure cannot meet the requirements of various ocean developments, so that the floating ocean structure has various shapes, such as a cylinder type, a column-stable type, a cube type and the like.
The conventional common hull structure evaluation method is experience accumulation of ship type structure research for many years, and is suitable for evaluation of ship type floating structures after practice and inspection for many years, but the method is not completely suitable for the new emerging novel floating ocean structures and easily causes evaluation errors or the problem of incapability of evaluation. At present, for a column-stabilized semi-submersible platform, the structural strength of the column-stabilized semi-submersible platform is researched by a characteristic wave method (a design wave method), a certain characteristic wave is selected from a random wave series as a single regular wave to approximately analyze the effect of the random wave on the platform structure in a statistical sense, and for the column-stabilized semi-submersible platform, the characteristic load of the column-stabilized semi-submersible platform is as follows: the maximum transverse separation state, the maximum torque state, the maximum longitudinal shearing state, the maximum longitudinal acceleration state at the upper ship body, the maximum transverse acceleration state at the upper ship body, the maximum vertical bending state and the like. However, the method for analyzing the limited enumeration characteristic working condition still has defects, and theoretically, dangerous working conditions which are not enumerated exist for the overall and local strength of the platform, so that the structure fails and is damaged in the actual use process, and for the floating ocean structure with a more novel shape, the characteristic load of the floating ocean structure cannot be determined artificially, and even if the characteristic load can be determined, the characteristic cannot be proved to be the main control working condition for the structure, so that the existing method for evaluating the floating ocean structure has the problem that the analysis is not comprehensive or the method is not suitable for the novel floating ocean structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the method for calculating the structural stress of the floating ocean structure based on the spectral analysis method is provided, the structural stress of the floating ocean structure at any position is calculated in a statistical method based on an expected probability level by combining the ocean environment condition of the floating ocean structure in the operating sea area, the structural strength of the floating ocean structure at the expected probability level is more comprehensively evaluated through finite element calculation, and the problems of incompleteness and poor adaptability of the current evaluation method are solved.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for calculating structural stress of a floating ocean structure based on a spectral analysis method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a model;
according to the appearance of the floating ocean structure, a plate unit is adopted to establish a hydrodynamic wet surface model, a mass model is established according to the loading condition, a plate unit and a beam unit are adopted to establish a structural model, boundary conditions are applied to the structural model, and the mass model and the structural model are the same model.
Secondly, calculating a structural stress transfer function;
selecting a combination of a plurality of periods covering the response peak value of the floating ocean structure and a plurality of wave directions as a regular wave with unit wave amplitude, calculating the wave load of the floating ocean structure under the action of the regular wave with the unit wave amplitude by using a hydrodynamic wet surface model and a mass model, and calculating according to a regular wave theory to obtain a structural stress response amplitude-a structural stress transfer function H of the floating ocean structure under the unit regular wave amplitudeσ(ω|θ)。
Thirdly, parameterizing a wave spectrum;
the structural stress transfer function and the sea wave spectrum are superposed and combined, the short-term response of the structural stress is obtained, and the sea wave spectrum which is the closest to the actual sea area sea situation in the Lowman spectrum, the P-M spectrum, the ISSC spectrum, the Boehringer spectrum, the light susceptibility spectrum, the standard spectrum and the JONSWAP spectrum is selected to calculate the characteristic parameters of various wave spectrums.
Fourthly, calculating a structural stress energy spectrum;
combining the wave spectrum of the operation sea area with the stress response transfer function of the structure to calculate and obtain a corresponding structural stress energy spectrum Sσ。
Fifthly, calculating short-term sea state spectrum moment;
integrating the structural stress energy spectrum, and calculating to obtain the nth order spectrum moment m of the short-term sea staten。
Sixthly, calculating a short-term probability density function;
and combining Rayleigh distribution (Chinese: Rayleigh distribution) conforming to the short-term sea state, and calculating according to the Rayleigh distribution rule to obtain a short-term probability density function distribution form f (x | sigma).
Step seven, calculating a wave dispersion diagram;
firstly, a floating ocean structure acts on a single area, and at the moment, a wave dispersion diagram of the single sea area is selected;
secondly, the floating ocean structure is operated in a cross-region mode, wave dispersion diagrams of a plurality of sea areas need to be adopted, and a combined wave dispersion diagram is obtained through weighting calculation according to the operation time.
Eighthly, calculating wave direction probability;
and calculating the wave direction occurrence probability of the waves in the operation sea area according to the occurrence frequency of the waves according to the hydrological data, and determining the wave directions of the waves in different sea areas at different geographic positions.
The ninth step, calculate the long-term probability density function;
and processing a series of short-term stable random process combinations according to the obtained short-term probability density functions, and multiplying the short-term probability density functions by taking the occurrence probability of the short-term probability density functions as a weight to obtain a long-term probability density function g (x).
Step ten, calculating a structural stress long-term statistic value;
fitting long-term response distribution F of ship motion and load by adopting two-parameter Weibull distribution (Chinese: Weibull distribution) in combination with given design transcendence probabilityL(y) calculating the transcendental probability level Q (y) thereof, thereby obtaining long-term statistical values of structural stress response of the specified transcendental probability level.
Step ten, checking;
and checking the calculation result according to the structural stress calculation result and the design specification, and judging whether the structural strength of the floating ocean structure meets the design requirement.
The method for calculating the structural stress of the floating ocean structure based on the spectral analysis method comprises the steps of combining the wave load under the action of the regular waves of a plurality of unit wave amplitudes obtained through calculation, loading the wave load on a structural model, and calculating to obtain the corresponding structural stress response transfer function Hσ(ω | θ), where ω is the angular frequency and θ is the wave direction, the structural stress response transfer function is related to the angular frequency and wave direction of the applied regular wave per unit amplitude.
The method for calculating structural stress of floating ocean structure based on spectral analysis method is characterized in that the wave spectrum is related to the sense wave height and the average zero crossing period in each wave period, namely Sw(ω|HS,Tz)，SwIs a wave spectrum, omega is an angular frequency, HSIs the sense wave height, TZIs average across zeroAnd (4) period.
The method for calculating the structural stress of the floating marine structure based on the spectrum analysis method comprises the following steps of:
Sσ＝Hσ 2Sw
in the formula, SσIs a structural stress energy spectrum, HσAs a function of structural stress transfer, SwIs a wave spectrum.
The method for calculating the structural stress of the floating ocean structure based on the spectral analysis method is characterized in that the nth order spectral moment m of the short-term sea statenCan be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, SσIs a structural stress energy spectrum.
The method for calculating structural stress of the floating marine structure based on the spectrum analysis method is characterized in that the distribution form of the short-term probability density function can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, σ2＝m0I.e. sigma2For calculating the parameters, the zero-order spectral moment of the short-term sea state is used.
The method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on a spectrum analysis method is described above, wherein the long-term statistical probability density function g (x) can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
n0is the average per unit time of short term responseNumber of responses, piProbability of sea state, pjIs the probability of s wave direction.
The method for calculating the structural stress of the floating marine structure based on the spectral analysis method is characterized in that the long-term response distribution of the ship motion and the load can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, q is a scale parameter, and y is a response value.
The above method for calculating structural stress of floating marine structure based on spectral analysis method, wherein the transcendental probability level of the response value y is q (y) -1-FL(y)。
The positive effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
1. the method fully considers the possible environmental conditions of the floating ocean structure in the operation sea area, the calculation results are numerical solutions calculated according to the theory, the load borne by the structure does not need to be determined manually, errors possibly caused by manual judgment are eliminated, the accuracy is higher, the method is suitable for the ocean structures of various shapes, and the potential structural risk of the floating ocean structure due to the fact that the characteristic load is not considered is avoided.
2. The total strength and the local strength of the floating ocean structure are considered, the calculated structural stress is a stress extreme value under the appointed exceeding probability level for the structure in any area, and the assessment on the structural strength is more comprehensive.
3. The result is obtained by using a calculation method, one or more characteristic waves do not need to be artificially designed and loaded on the structure, the probability of dislocation caused by manual operation is reduced, the calculation result is more reliable, and the practical value is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on a spectral analysis method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following embodiments specifically describe the technical solution provided by the invention with reference to fig. 1, but the following contents are not limited to the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on a spectral analysis method. As shown in the figure, the method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on a spectral analysis method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, establishing a model;
according to the appearance of the floating ocean structure, a plate unit (shell element) is adopted to establish a hydrodynamic wet surface model, meanwhile, a plate unit and a beam unit are adopted to establish a structural model, boundary conditions are applied to a result model, at the moment, a mass model is established according to the loading condition, and the mass model and the structural model are the same model, so that the consistency of inertial loads is ensured.
Secondly, calculating a structural stress transfer function;
selecting a combination of a plurality of periods covering the response peak value of the floating ocean structure and a plurality of wave directions as a regular wave with unit wave amplitude, calculating the wave load of the floating ocean structure under the action of the regular wave with the unit wave amplitude by using a hydrodynamic wet surface model and a mass model, and calculating according to a regular wave theory to obtain a structural stress response amplitude-a structural stress transfer function H of the floating ocean structure under the unit regular wave amplitudeσ(ω|θ)。
Preferably, the range of the regular wave period can be 3-34 seconds, the interval is 1 second, and the number of the regular wave periods is 30; the wave direction of the regular wave is the full wave direction, the wave direction interval is 15 degrees, and the number of the wave directions is 24; the two phases are combined to obtain a regular wave with 720 unit amplitudes.
Combining the wave load under the action of the regular waves of the unit amplitudes obtained by calculation, calculating the wave load caused by the regular waves of the unit amplitudes by using a hydrodynamic wet surface model and a mass model, and loading the wave load on a structural model, thereby obtaining a corresponding structural stress response transfer function H by calculationσ(ω | θ), structural stress response transfer function and applied unitThe angular frequency of the regular wave of the bit amplitude is related to the wave direction, wherein ω is the angular frequency and θ is the wave direction.
Thirdly, parameterizing a wave spectrum;
the wave spectrum describes the energy distribution of the sea waves in a period of time, the short-term response of the structural stress can be obtained by superposing and combining a structural stress transfer function and the wave spectrum, the wave spectrum which is closest to the actual sea area sea situation is selected from the wave spectrums used in engineering practice, such as a Roman spectrum, a P-M spectrum, an ISSC spectrum, a Boehringer spectrum, a light susceptibility spectrum, a standard spectrum and a JONSWAP spectrum, characteristic parameters of various wave spectrums are calculated, and the waves are described by parameterizing the wave spectrums.
The wave spectrum is related to the sense wave height and the average zero crossing period in each wave period, i.e. Sw(ω|HS,Tz)，SwIs a wave spectrum, omega is an angular frequency, HSIs the sense wave height, TZIs the average zero crossing period.
Fourthly, calculating a structural stress energy spectrum;
combining the wave spectrum of the operation sea area with the stress response transfer function of the structure to calculate and obtain a corresponding structural stress energy spectrum SσAt this time, the process of the present invention,
Sσ(ω|HS,TZ,θ)＝Hσ(ω|θ)2Sw(ω|HS,TZ) (1)
in the formula (1), H σ (ω | θ) is a structural stress transfer function, Sw(ω|HS,Tz) Is a wave spectrum.
Fifthly, calculating short-term sea state spectrum moment;
integrating the structural stress energy spectrum, and calculating to obtain the nth order spectrum moment m of the short-term sea statenAt this time, the process of the present invention,
in the formula (2), Sσ(ω|HS,TZAnd theta) is the structural stress energy spectrum.
Sixthly, calculating a short-term probability density function;
and combining Rayleigh distribution (Chinese: Rayleigh distribution) conforming to the short-term sea state to calculate the distribution form f (x | sigma) of the short-term probability density function according to the Rayleigh distribution rule, and at the moment,
in formula (3), σ2＝m0I.e. sigma2Is a calculation parameter, which is the zero-order spectral moment of the short-term sea state.
Step seven, calculating a wave dispersion diagram;
and selecting the current operating environment of the floating ocean structure to obtain a wave dispersion map.
Firstly, a floating ocean structure acts on a single area, and at the moment, a wave dispersion diagram of the single sea area is selected;
secondly, the floating ocean structure is operated in a cross-region mode, wave dispersion diagrams of a plurality of sea areas need to be adopted, and a combined wave dispersion diagram is obtained through weighting calculation according to the operation time.
Eighthly, calculating wave direction probability;
according to the hydrological data, calculating the occurrence probability of the wave direction of the waves in the operation sea area according to the occurrence frequency of the waves, and determining the wave directions of the waves in different sea areas at different geographic positions.
The ninth step, calculate the long-term probability density function;
according to the obtained short-term probability density function, a series of short-term stable random process combinations are processed, a plurality of short-term probability density functions are multiplied by the occurrence probability of the short-term probability density functions to obtain a long-term probability density function g (x), at the moment,
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
n0average number of responses per unit time, p, for short term responseiProbability of sea state, pjIs the probability of s wave direction.
Step ten, calculating a structural stress long-term statistic value;
fitting long-term response distribution F of ship motion and load by adopting two-parameter Weibull distribution (Chinese: Weibull distribution) in combination with given design transcendence probabilityL(y) calculating the transcendental probability level Q (y) thereof, thereby obtaining long-term statistical values of structural stress response of the specified transcendental probability level.
Preferably, the long-term probability density function is calculated at the North Atlantic wave scatter plot and wave-direction probability, with an assigned transcendental probability level of 10-8Calculating according to the following formula (5) to obtain a structural stress long-term extreme value,
in the formula (5), q is a scale parameter, and y is a response value.
The overtaking probability level of the response value y is q (y) 1 to FL(y)。
Step ten, checking;
and checking the calculation result according to the structural stress calculation result and the design specification, and judging whether the structural strength of the floating ocean structure meets the design requirement.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for calculating structural stress of a floating ocean structure based on a spectral analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, establishing a model;
according to the appearance of the floating ocean structure, adopting a plate unit to establish a hydrodynamic wet surface model, establishing a mass model according to a loading condition, adopting the plate unit and a beam unit to establish a structural model, applying boundary conditions on the structural model, and enabling the mass model and the structural model to be the same model;
secondly, calculating a structural stress transfer function;
selecting a combination of a plurality of periods covering the response peak value of the floating ocean structure and a plurality of wave directions as a regular wave with unit wave amplitude, calculating the wave load of the floating ocean structure under the action of the regular wave with the unit wave amplitude by using a hydrodynamic wet surface model and a mass model, and calculating according to a regular wave theory to obtain a structural stress response amplitude-a structural stress transfer function H of the floating ocean structure under the unit regular wave amplitudeσ(omega | theta), combining the wave load under the action of the regular waves of the unit wave amplitudes obtained by calculation, and loading the wave load on the structural model, thereby obtaining a corresponding structural stress response transfer function by calculation;
thirdly, parameterizing a wave spectrum;
the method comprises the steps of superposing and combining a structural stress transfer function and a sea wave spectrum, obtaining the short-term response of structural stress, selecting the sea wave spectrum which is the closest to the actual sea area sea situation in a Roman spectrum, a P-M spectrum, an ISSC spectrum, a Boehringer spectrum, a light susceptibility spectrum, a standard spectrum and a JONSWAP spectrum, and calculating characteristic parameters of various spectrums;
fourthly, calculating a structural stress energy spectrum;
combining the wave spectrum of the operation sea area with the stress response transfer function of the structure to calculate and obtain a corresponding structural stress energy spectrum Sσ；
Fifthly, calculating short-term sea state spectrum moment;
integrating the structural stress energy spectrum, and calculating to obtain the nth order spectrum moment m of the short-term sea staten；
Sixthly, calculating a short-term probability density function;
calculating a short-term probability density function distribution form f (x | sigma) according to a Rayleigh distribution rule by combining Rayleigh distribution conforming to the short-term sea state;
step seven, calculating a wave dispersion diagram;
firstly, a floating ocean structure acts on a single area, and at the moment, a wave dispersion diagram of the single sea area is selected;
secondly, the floating ocean structure is operated in a cross-region mode, wave dispersion diagrams of a plurality of sea areas need to be adopted, and a combined wave dispersion diagram is obtained through weighted calculation according to the operation time;
eighthly, calculating wave direction probability;
calculating the wave direction occurrence probability of the waves in the operation sea area according to the hydrological data and the wave occurrence frequency of the waves, and determining the wave directions of the waves in different sea areas at different geographic positions;
the ninth step, calculate the long-term probability density function;
processing a series of short-term stable random process combinations according to the obtained short-term probability density functions, and obtaining long-term probability density functions g (x) by taking the occurrence probability of the short-term probability density functions as a weight and multiplying the short-term probability density functions by the occurrence probability;
step ten, calculating a structural stress long-term statistic value;
fitting the long-term response distribution F of the ship motion and load by adopting two-parameter Weibull distribution in combination with given design transcendental probabilityL(y) further calculating the transcendental probability level q (y) thereof, thereby obtaining long-term statistical values of structural stress response specifying the transcendental probability level;
step ten, checking;
and checking the calculation result according to the structural stress calculation result and the design specification, and judging whether the structural strength of the floating ocean structure meets the design requirement.
2. The method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on spectral analysis of claim 1, wherein the structural stress response transfer function H isσ(ω|θ) The angular frequency and wave direction of the applied regular wave per unit amplitude are related, where ω is the angular frequency and θ is the wave direction.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the wave spectrum is related to the sense wave height and the average zero crossing period in each wave period, i.e. Sw(ω|HS,Tz)，SwIs a wave spectrum, omega is an angular frequency, HSIs the sense wave height, TZIs the average zero crossing period.
4. The method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on spectral analysis of claim 1, wherein the structural stress energy spectrum can be calculated by the following formula:
Sσ＝Hσ 2Sw
in the formula, SσIs a structural stress energy spectrum, HσAs a function of structural stress transfer, SwIs a wave spectrum.
5. The method for calculating structural stress of a floating marine structure based on spectral analysis of claim 1, wherein the nth order moment m of the short-term sea state spectrumnCan be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, SσIs a structural stress energy spectrum.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the short term probability density function distribution form is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, σ2＝m0I.e. sigma2Is a calculation parameter, which is the zero-order spectral moment of the short-term sea state.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the long term statistical probability density function g (x) is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
n0average number of responses per unit time, p, for short term responseiProbability of sea state, pjIs the probability of s wave direction.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the long term response distribution of hull motions and loads is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, q is a scale parameter, and y is a response value.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the response value y has an overrun probability level of Q (y) -1-FL(y)。
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