CN107291978B - Mechanical simulation method and device for glass fiber material part - Google Patents

Mechanical simulation method and device for glass fiber material part Download PDF

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CN107291978B
CN107291978B CN201710315441.4A CN201710315441A CN107291978B CN 107291978 B CN107291978 B CN 107291978B CN 201710315441 A CN201710315441 A CN 201710315441A CN 107291978 B CN107291978 B CN 107291978B
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component
simulation
stress
fiber material
glass fiber
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CN107291978A (en
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张健
雷绍阔
刘伟
钟国留
林健标
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Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for simulating the mechanics of a glass fiber material part, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the simulation parameters of the component, carrying out injection simulation to construct a mold flow analysis model of the component; according to the simulation parameters of the component, a structural mechanics simulation model of the component is constructed in a simulation mode; mapping the modular flow analysis model to a structural mechanical simulation model of the component to obtain a fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component; acquiring stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees; and acquiring stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, and performing deformation test on the optimized structural mechanical simulation model of the component according to the received test stress data to acquire simulation deformation data of the component. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the anisotropy of the fiber is considered, and the accuracy of structural mechanics simulation analysis is improved.

Description

Mechanical simulation method and device for glass fiber material part
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer simulation, in particular to a method and a device for simulating mechanics of a glass fiber material component.
Background
The purpose of adding glass fiber into the plastic material is to increase the strength of the material itself, but since the glass fiber material is oriented along with the change of the plastic flowing direction during the injection molding process, the orientation will greatly affect the stiffness of the product. Typically, the fibers are oriented at 0 degrees and 90 degrees, and the stress strain values of the articles differ by approximately one time.
However, when structural mechanics simulation is performed, the input model does not have the property of fibers, that is, the stress strain in each direction inside the model is the same value, which is called isotropy, while the fiber orientation in the actual product is anisotropic, that is, each fiber has different orientation, so that each area of the product has different mechanical properties, and thus, the mechanical properties of the actual fiber reinforced product cannot be truly simulated by the conventional structural mechanics simulation.
The traditional structural mechanics simulation usually adopts a single orientation direction of the fiber, namely isotropy to replace the anisotropy of the fiber, defaults to the existence of analysis errors and adopts a mode of increasing the safety factor to make up.
The traditional structural mechanics simulation mode is compensated by increasing the safety factor, firstly, the requirement on subjective experience is higher, the influence on the determination human factor of the safety factor is larger, secondly, the structure, the mold scheme and the molding process parameters of each product are different, the orientation angles of fibers are also different, and the correction error by adopting a single empirical safety system is bound to be a point-band surface, so that the approximate result is larger difference from the actual result, and finally, the designed product has a weaker or stronger structure, which runs counter to the aim of lean design.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the mechanical simulation method and device for the glass fiber material component, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the anisotropy of the fiber is considered, and the accuracy of structural mechanical simulation analysis is improved.
The embodiment of the invention provides a mechanical simulation method for a glass fiber material component, which comprises the following steps:
according to the simulation parameters of the component, carrying out injection simulation to construct a mold flow analysis model of the component; the injection molding simulation parameters comprise that the part adopts a glass fiber material and the product structure of the part; the modal flow analysis model includes a fiber orientation for each subunit;
according to the simulation parameters of the component, a structural mechanics simulation model of the component is constructed in a simulation mode;
mapping the modular flow analysis model to a structural mechanical simulation model of the component to obtain a fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
acquiring stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees;
acquiring stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model from the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, and completing the optimization of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
according to the received test stress data, carrying out deformation test on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model of the component to obtain simulation deformation data of the component;
wherein, the acquiring of the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees specifically comprises:
acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions;
and fitting to generate stress-strain data of the fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions.
Further, the three mutually different directions are 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree, respectively.
Further, the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three mutually different directions comprises at least 15 sets of stress-strain data in each direction; the stress-strain data for a given direction refers to data in which the deformation stress obtained by stretching a solid glass fiber material in that direction varies with the degree of stretching.
Still further, the mode of dividing each sub-unit into which the structural mechanical simulation model is divided is the same as the mode of dividing each sub-unit into which the modular flow analysis model is divided.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a mechanical simulation device for the glass fiber material component, which comprises:
the module flow analysis module is used for establishing a module flow analysis model of the component through injection simulation according to the simulation parameters of the component; the injection molding simulation parameters comprise that the part adopts a glass fiber material and the product structure of the part; the modal flow analysis model includes a fiber orientation for each subunit;
the model building module is used for building a structural mechanics simulation model of the component in a simulation mode according to the simulation parameters of the component;
the fiber orientation mapping module is used for mapping the module flow analysis model to the structural mechanics simulation model of the component to obtain the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanics simulation model of the component;
the stress data acquisition module is used for acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees;
the model optimization module is used for acquiring the stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model from the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, so as to complete the optimization of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
the deformation simulation module is used for carrying out deformation test on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model of the component according to the received test stress data to obtain simulation deformation data of the component;
wherein, the stress data acquisition module specifically includes:
the direction data acquisition unit is used for acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions;
and the anisotropic data fitting unit is used for fitting and generating stress-strain data of the fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions.
Further, the three mutually different directions are 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree, respectively.
Still further, the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three mutually different directions comprises at least 15 sets of stress-strain data in each direction; the stress-strain data for a given direction refers to data in which the deformation stress obtained by stretching a solid glass fiber material in that direction varies with the degree of stretching.
Further, the structural mechanics simulation model is divided into each sub-unit in the same manner as the modular flow analysis model.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method and the device for simulating the mechanics of the glass fiber material, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fiber orientation of each subunit in the module flow analysis model is mapped to the structural mechanics simulation model, so that the structural mechanics simulation model has the fiber orientation attribute, the stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanics simulation model is obtained according to the obtained stress-strain data in each direction, the problem of anisotropy of fibers is considered, and then, when the part is subjected to deformation simulation in the subsequent process, deformation test is carried out on the basis of the optimized structural mechanics simulation model, so that the obtained simulation deformation data of the part are more accurate, and the accuracy of structural mechanics simulation analysis is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of one embodiment of a method for mechanical simulation of a fiberglass material component provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a mechanical simulation device for a fiberglass material component provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a stress data acquisition module of the mechanical simulation device for a glass fiber material component provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a mechanical simulation method for a glass fiber material component provided by the present invention is shown; the mechanical simulation method for the glass fiber material component provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of S1-S6:
s1, constructing a mold flow analysis model of the component by injection molding simulation according to the simulation parameters of the component; the injection molding simulation parameters comprise that the part adopts a glass fiber material and the product structure of the part; the modal flow analysis model includes the fiber orientation of each subunit.
It should be noted that the mold flow analysis model is a simulation analysis of the injection molding process of the component by using injection molding CAE simulation software and applying a finite element method, the material used for the analysis is a material selected from a material library of the injection molding CAE simulation software and the same as the glass fiber material, and the setting of process parameters before the analysis, such as an injection molding machine screw control curve, a pressure maintaining curve, a mold temperature, a plastic temperature and the like, is further included before the injection molding CAE simulation software simulation according to actual injection molding experience. The injection molding simulation process comprises the steps of modeling a pouring gate, a flow passage and a cooling water pipe in injection molding CAE software according to the product structure of the part, establishing a straight line and then dividing the straight line into finite element elements, namely each subunit included in the mold flow analysis model. The mold flow analysis model comprises the results of the flow condition of the plastic in the mold during the injection molding process, and the results of injection pressure, joint line, volume shrinkage, warping deformation, temperature, fiber orientation and the like. And, there is little difference in the operation of different injection CAE software.
And S2, according to the simulation parameters of the component, simulating and constructing a structural mechanics simulation model of the component.
In this embodiment, step 2 is to construct a structural mechanical simulation model for the component according to a conventional structural mechanical simulation method by structural mechanical simulation software. The fiber orientation of each subunit in the structural mechanical simulation model of the component is uniform or unspecified.
S3, mapping the model flow analysis model to the structural mechanical simulation model of the component, and obtaining the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component.
It should be noted that the division manner of the modular flow analysis model into the finite elements is consistent with the division manner of the structural mechanical simulation model into the finite elements, that is, each subunit of the modular flow analysis model corresponds to each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model one by one. The fiber orientation of each subunit of the modular flow analysis model can be mapped one-to-one into the structural mechanical simulation model of the component by the composite CAE software, so that each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component has a specific corresponding fiber orientation.
And S4, acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees.
In order to improve the diversity and efficiency of obtaining the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees, fitting may be performed according to the experimentally obtained stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three mutually different directions, specifically:
acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions; preferably, the three mutually different directions are 0 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively. The stress-strain data for a given direction refers to data in which the deformation stress obtained by stretching a solid glass fiber material in that direction varies with the degree of stretching.
And fitting to generate stress-strain data of the fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions.
It should be noted that, since the angle between 0 and 90 degrees is an infinite value, the accuracy of the anisotropic stress-strain data depends on the acquired stress-strain data in three different directions, and the more experimental groups of the stress-strain data in each of the three different directions obtained by the experiment, the more accurate the anisotropic stress-strain data generated by fitting, but the higher the workload and the higher the complexity, so in this embodiment, at least 15 sets of experimental data, preferably 20 to 50 sets, of each direction of 0 degree, 45 degrees and 90 degrees are acquired in order to balance the accuracy and the workload.
S5, obtaining the stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model from the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, and completing the optimization of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component.
It should be noted that each subunit on the optimized structural mechanical simulation model has a corresponding fiber orientation, and has stress-strain data corresponding to each subunit, so that the stress strains in various directions in the structural mechanical simulation model are not the same value, and the structural mechanical simulation model has anisotropy, so that the influence of the fiber orientation on the stiffness of the product can be fully considered in the subsequent structural mechanical simulation of the component, and a more accurate structural mechanical simulation result can be obtained.
And S6, according to the received test stress data, carrying out deformation test on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model of the component to obtain simulation deformation data of the component.
It should be noted that the optimized structural mechanics simulation model is stored in the structural mechanics simulation software, and the structural mechanics simulation software performs a deformation test, that is, a structural mechanics simulation, based on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model.
According to the mechanical simulation method for the glass fiber material, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fiber orientation of each subunit in the module flow analysis model is mapped to the structural mechanical simulation model, so that the structural mechanical simulation model has the fiber orientation attribute, the stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model is obtained according to the obtained stress-strain data in each direction, the problem of fiber anisotropy is considered, and then, when the component is subjected to deformation simulation in the subsequent process, the deformation test is carried out on the basis of the optimized structural mechanical simulation model, so that the obtained simulation deformation data of the component is more accurate, and the accuracy of structural mechanical simulation analysis is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, it is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the mechanical simulation device for a glass fiber material component provided by the present invention; the embodiment of the invention also provides a mechanical simulation device for a glass fiber material component, which can realize all the processes of the method provided by the embodiment, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the mold flow analysis module 10 is used for establishing a mold flow analysis model of the component through injection simulation according to the simulation parameters of the component; the injection molding simulation parameters comprise that the part adopts a glass fiber material and the product structure of the part; the modal flow analysis model includes a fiber orientation for each subunit;
the model building module 20 is used for building a structural mechanics simulation model of the component in a simulation manner according to the simulation parameters of the component;
a fiber orientation mapping module 30, configured to map the model flow analysis model to the structural mechanical simulation model of the component, and obtain a fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
a stress data acquisition module 40 for acquiring stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees;
the model optimization module 50 is configured to obtain stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model from the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, so as to complete optimization of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
and the deformation simulation module 60 is configured to perform deformation testing on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model of the component according to the received test stress data, so as to obtain simulation deformation data of the component.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a stress data acquiring module of the mechanical simulation device for a glass fiber material component provided by the present invention; the stress data obtaining module 40 specifically includes:
a direction data acquiring unit 41, configured to acquire stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions;
and the anisotropic data fitting unit 42 is used for fitting and generating stress-strain data of the fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions.
Further, the three mutually different directions are 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree, respectively.
Still further, the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three mutually different directions comprises at least 15 sets of stress-strain data in each direction; the stress-strain data for a given direction refers to data in which the deformation stress obtained by stretching a solid glass fiber material in that direction varies with the degree of stretching.
Further, the structural mechanics simulation model is divided into each sub-unit in the same manner as the modular flow analysis model.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the glass fiber material mechanical simulation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fiber orientation of each subunit in the module flow analysis model is mapped to the structural mechanical simulation model, so that the structural mechanical simulation model has the fiber orientation attribute, the stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model is obtained according to the obtained stress-strain data in each direction, the problem of fiber anisotropy is considered, and then, when the component is subjected to deformation simulation in the subsequent process, the deformation test is carried out on the basis of the optimized structural mechanical simulation model, so that the obtained simulation deformation data of the component are more accurate, and the accuracy of structural mechanical simulation analysis is improved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A mechanical simulation method for a glass fiber material component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the simulation parameters of the component, carrying out injection simulation to construct a mold flow analysis model of the component; the injection molding simulation parameters comprise that the part adopts a glass fiber material and the product structure of the part; the modal flow analysis model includes a fiber orientation for each subunit;
according to the simulation parameters of the component, a structural mechanics simulation model of the component is constructed in a simulation mode;
mapping the modular flow analysis model to a structural mechanical simulation model of the component to obtain a fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
acquiring stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees;
acquiring stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model from the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, and completing the optimization of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
according to the received test stress data, carrying out deformation test on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model of the component to obtain simulation deformation data of the component;
wherein, the acquiring of the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees specifically comprises:
acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions;
and fitting to generate stress-strain data of the fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions.
2. The mechanical simulation method of a glass fiber material component according to claim 1, wherein the three mutually different directions are 0 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively.
3. The method for mechanical simulation of a glass fiber material component of claim 1, wherein the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three mutually different directions comprises at least 15 sets of stress-strain data in each direction; the stress-strain data for a given direction refers to data in which the deformation stress obtained by stretching a solid glass fiber material in that direction varies with the degree of stretching.
4. The mechanical simulation method of a fiberglass material component according to claim 1, wherein the structural mechanical simulation model is divided into each sub-unit in the same manner as each sub-unit into which the mold flow analysis model is divided.
5. A fiberglass material part mechanics simulation device, characterized by comprising:
the module flow analysis module is used for establishing a module flow analysis model of the component through injection simulation according to the simulation parameters of the component; the injection molding simulation parameters comprise that the part adopts a glass fiber material and the product structure of the part; the modal flow analysis model includes a fiber orientation for each subunit;
the model building module is used for building a structural mechanics simulation model of the component in a simulation mode according to the simulation parameters of the component;
the fiber orientation mapping module is used for mapping the module flow analysis model to the structural mechanics simulation model of the component to obtain the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanics simulation model of the component;
the stress data acquisition module is used for acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees;
the model optimization module is used for acquiring the stress-strain data of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model from the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the fiber orientation of each subunit of the structural mechanical simulation model, so as to complete the optimization of the structural mechanical simulation model of the component;
the deformation simulation module is used for carrying out deformation test on the optimized structural mechanics simulation model of the component according to the received test stress data to obtain simulation deformation data of the component;
wherein, the stress data acquisition module specifically includes:
the direction data acquisition unit is used for acquiring stress strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions;
and the anisotropic data fitting unit is used for fitting and generating stress-strain data of the fiber material in each direction from 0 to 90 degrees according to the stress-strain data of the glass fiber material in three different directions.
6. The mechanical simulation device of a glass fiber material component of claim 5, wherein the three mutually different directions are 0 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively.
7. The fiberglass material component mechanics simulation device of claim 5, wherein the stress-strain data of the fiberglass material in three mutually different directions includes at least 15 sets of stress-strain data in each direction; the stress-strain data for a given direction refers to data in which the deformation stress obtained by stretching a solid glass fiber material in that direction varies with the degree of stretching.
8. The fiberglass material component mechanics simulation device of claim 5, wherein the structural mechanics simulation model is divided into each sub-unit in the same manner as each sub-unit into which the mold flow analysis model is divided.
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