CN107289681B - A kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow - Google Patents
A kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN107289681B CN107289681B CN201710487676.1A CN201710487676A CN107289681B CN 107289681 B CN107289681 B CN 107289681B CN 201710487676 A CN201710487676 A CN 201710487676A CN 107289681 B CN107289681 B CN 107289681B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow, in water cooler operational process, the real-time calculating current of controller occupies percentage of current RLA at full capacity；Meanwhile according to current set state, corresponding volume flow is determined from working conditions of compressor map relationship corresponding with the volume flow of main throttling set；Then percentage of current RLA and volume flow at full capacity are occupied according to electric current and determines corresponding target level section；Finally, controller application PID control method changes adjust automatically condenser liquid level target according to compressor load, by the target control of condenser liquid level in corresponding condenser target level section, to indirectly control evaporator liquid level.Solve the problems, such as that traditional liquid level controls that performance under lower sub-load is low, improve evaporator liquid level can not stability contorting defect, improve the heat exchange efficiency of evaporator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cooling heat exchange technical fields, and in particular to a kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow.
Background technique
With the publication of water chilling unit energy-saving product standard GB19577, the concept of comprehensive performance evaluation is introduced, sub-load
Efficiency is increasingly taken seriously.Energy-saving index is also the evaluation that synthetic load performance evaluation is changed to by evaluating at full capacity.
Traditional control method of refrigerant flow is using condenser liquid level sensor (or evaporator liquid level sensor) cooperation electricity
Sub- expansion valve EXV is used as hardware foundation along with the combination of controller, and the liquid level target of fixation condenser is (namely in the prior art
Liquid level in, target level is always constant), pass through PID and adjust electric expansion valve EXV and realize fixed liquid level target.
The drawbacks of this scheme, is: under part load condition, flooded evaporator due to pool boiling declines, in evaporator,
The liquid level of matchmaker reduces, and part heat exchanger tube is not contacted with refrigerant, can not carry out the control that liquid level target is definite value at this time, thus lead
It causes heat exchange efficiency to deteriorate, causes unit performance under sub-load poor.(load takes load to such case under 50%, 25% load
Ratio), difference is the most obvious.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that: a kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow is provided, tradition is solved
The low problem of performance under sub-load, improves the heat exchange efficiency of evaporator under Liquid level.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow, the water cooler include at least compressor, condenser, evaporation
The liquid level sensor that device, controller, condenser side are arranged, and the main throttling set being arranged between condenser and evaporator；
It is characterized by:
Condenser liquid level is occupied fully loaded liquid level as highest liquid level target by condenser liquid level when setting compressor at full capacity
Ratio at least two different target level sections are divided into from highest liquid level target to minimum liquid level target, and including one
Determine Liquid level section and at least one liquid level variable control interval, the starting point for determining liquid level section is greater than or equal to liquid level variable section
Terminal；Correspondingly, by compressor load according to load parameter occupy at full capacity percentage by 0 to being divided at least two at full capacity
Different load section, a load setting is corresponding with Liquid level section is determined, at least another load setting and liquid level variable control
Section is corresponding；
In water cooler operational process, controller calculates in real time and judges compressor load section, selects Liquid level side
Formula simultaneously determines corresponding target level section according to compressor load section；Controller changes according to compressor load, using PID
Control method adjust automatically condenser liquid level reaches in corresponding condenser target level section, to indirectly control evaporator liquid
Position.
Further, the division in the target level section need to guarantee that evaporator under full capacity retains most of refrigerant
Within the condenser, and under fraction percentage loading condiction, most of refrigerant is placed in evaporator；Condenser liquid level is minimum
Liquid level target need to be greater than 0.
Further, compressor load section is generally corresponding to as follows with condenser liquid level target interval:
Compressor load section is when determining Liquid level section, to carry out determining liquid level liquid level control as definite value using highest liquid level target
System；
When compressor load section is liquid level variable control interval, it is different that liquid level variable control interval is divided at least three
Load setting, selection enters respectively, realizes liquid level variable control mode.
Further, three different load setting difference are as follows:
When compressor is in the first load setting, corresponding first liquid level target interval are as follows: liquid level target interval minimum liquid level
Target~the first grade liquid level target.
When compressor is in the second load setting, corresponding second liquid level target interval are as follows: first grade of liquid level target~the second
Shelves liquid level target；
When compressor is in third load setting, corresponding third liquid level target interval are as follows: second gear liquid level target~highest
Liquid level target；
The terminal of third load setting is overlapped as critical load with the starting point for determining Liquid level section.
Further, compressor load occupies percentage of current at full capacity by compressor current and measures, accordingly will pressure
Contracting machine load occupies percentage at full capacity according to load parameter and is divided at least two load settings；Alternatively, compressor load by
Evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference when occupying at full capacity the disengaging water temperature difference percentage of evaporator or condenser measure, phase
That answers occupies percentage at full capacity according to load parameter for compressor load and is divided at least two different load sections.
Further, the first load setting is 0%~50%；Second load setting is 50%~75%；Third load setting is
75%~critical load；Determine Liquid level section are as follows: critical load~100%；Corresponding, the first liquid level target interval is 25%
~35%；Second liquid level target interval are as follows: 35%~40%；Third liquid level target interval are as follows: 45%~50%.
Further, according to current set state, controller calculates corresponding volume flow under the state；Then according to pressure
Contracting machine load setting and volume flow determine accurate condenser liquid level target from liquid level target interval.
Further, working conditions of compressor map corresponding with the volume flow of main throttling set is established according to different compressors
Relationship simultaneously stores in the controller；Working conditions of compressor map relationship corresponding with main throttling set volume flow are as follows:
V==f(A, IGV, S)；Wherein, volume flow V and A, IGV, S are to be positively correlated, i.e. volume flow V with A,
The increase of IGV, S and increase；Wherein, A is the suction and discharge temperature of compressor suction and exhaust ports, and IGV is the circulation of compressor inlet guide vane
Area, S are compressor rotary speed.
Further, the PID control method step are as follows:
After given liquid level target interval, controller adjusts main section according to different liquid level target intervals, using pid control algorithm
Flow the aperture of device；The aperture of main throttling set carries out PID adjusting, control according to the difference in current level and target level section
Condenser liquid level of freezing is in ± 3% range of target value；Evaporator liquid level is adjusted by adjusting condenser liquid level, guarantees evaporator effect
Rate.
Further, evaporator or when condenser liquid level exception, carries out rapidly protectiveness adjusting, quickly adjusts electronic expansion
Valve EXV and compressor load；When liquid level exception, unit will be fast by judging the numerical value of evaporating pressure and condensing pressure
The aperture of the whole electric expansion valve of velocity modulation, to ensure the safety of compressor.
Further, the main throttling set is electric expansion valve EXV.
It is of the invention as a result, a set of completely new water cooler control method of refrigerant flow is provided.It is arranged using in condenser side
Liquid level sensor cooperates EXV electric expansion valve as main throttling set, while the liquid level target of condenser is according to operating condition
Variation adjustment in real time.It solves under traditional liquid level control, the low problem of performance under sub-load.Pass through Algorithm of Active Control, PLC
The load of accurate anticipation compressor, calculates compressor condenser target level under different load conditions, different compressors and
Under different operating conditions, target level section is different；The classical pid control algorithm of application realizes dynamic object simultaneously.It sets at full capacity
Determine highest liquid level target, unit running process judges compressor load, is gradually adjusted to the corresponding condenser liquid level mesh of the operating condition
Mark.Enough refrigerants are flowed into evaporator, evaporating pressure is improved, improves efficiency.This method is centrifuged particularly with magnetic suspension frequency conversion
Unit, better effect.
Compared with the existing technology, the difficult point of traditional flooded evaporator is to control evaporator absorbing gas belt liquid risk.It steams
Device Liquid level is sent out as direct liquid level control, condenser Liquid level is to realize by indirectly controlling evaporator liquid level, such
In the case of because evaporator level fluctuation is violent, under operating condition change condition, to avoid absorbing gas belt liquid, condenser liquid level is using indirect
Control be easy to cause liquid level inaccurate.And the present invention reaches accurate control by directly controlling condenser liquid level, while passing through control
Refrigeration condenser liquid level guarantees evaporator liquid level in safe range to control, and reduces compressor band liquid risk.Condenser liquid level control
Target processed changes automatically with compressor load, improves evaporator section load heat exchange efficiency.
Further, since actual liquid level is unstable caused by the variation acutely of evaporator liquid level, so being difficult when actual motion
Actual liquid level is compared with target level, complicated control law control is needed to keep evaporator liquid level stable as early as possible.And this
Invention according to compressor at different IGV, revolving speed, the corresponding EXV ideal aperture of volume flow, establish working conditions of compressor with
The correspondence map relationship of volume flow controls evaporator liquid level for fast and stable and provides foundation.
Finally, the matching of the aperture and liquid level target of electric expansion valve EXV is difficult under the conditions of user side water temperature acute variation
Degree is big；PID control thus can not be directly carried out on an evaporator only by control electronic expansion valve opening, and the present invention is logical
It crosses automatic identification compressor and is in the method for which kind of load setting to obtain liquid level target interval, by liquid level target and electronic expansion
The accurate matching of aperture control of valve EXV.
Detailed description of the invention
Water chilling unit system used by the one of embodiment of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow of the present invention of the position Fig. 1
Structure chart.
Wherein, appended drawing reference correspondence is as follows: main power supply 1, starting cabinet 3, opens at the main power supply 2 of starting cabinet to compressor chamber
Cabinet is moved to connection 4, micro-control cabinet 5, the micro-control cabinet to connection 6, the shut-off valve 7, liquid level between each electricity piece of unit between micro-control cabinet
Sensor 8, condenser 9, air ventilation one-way valve 10, compressor 11, electric expansion valve 12, evaporator 13.
Fig. 2 is control flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Water chilling unit system structure such as Fig. 1 used by the water cooler control method of refrigerant flow implemented according to the present invention
It is shown, it mainly include condenser 9, evaporator 13, compressor 11, the micro-control cabinet 5 equipped with controller, wherein condenser 9, evaporation
The connection of device 13 and setting shut-off valve 7 and electric expansion valve 12 on access, the connection of 11 evaporator 13 of compressor, compressor 11 pass through
Air ventilation one-way valve 10 is connected to condenser 9；Start cabinet 3 and connect main power supply 1, and passes through the main power supply of starting cabinet to compressor chamber
2 connect with compressor 11, and starting cabinet 3 is connect by starting cabinet to the connection 4 between micro-control cabinet with 5 signal of micro-control cabinet, micro-control cabinet 5
It is connect by micro-control cabinet to the connection 6 between each electricity piece of unit with each sensor and valve control element signal.Main throttling set is
Electric expansion valve 12.
It is being not shown in the figure but those skilled in the art are it should be clear that also set up temperature sensor, pressure sensor
With compressor load sensor, the setting of preferable temperature sensor is passed in compressor suction and exhaust ports, compressor load in the present embodiment
Sensor is arranged in micro-control cabinet 5.The effect of compressor load sensor is acquisition percentage of current, and temperature sensor effect is to adopt
The suction and discharge temperature A for collecting compressor suction and exhaust ports, there are also the pressure of pressure sensor acquisition compressor suction and exhaust ports, come by this in terms of
The circulating mass of refrigerant of unit is calculated, internal circulating load is small to illustrate that load is small.Evaporator under full capacity, since pool boiling is violent, simultaneously
The problem of in order to avoid absorbing gas belt liquid, needs to retain most of refrigerant within the condenser.Under part load condition, pool boiling subtracts
It is weak, it needs for most of refrigerant to be placed in evaporator, improves heat exchange efficiency.
The present invention according to different compressors, condenser liquid level when setting compressor at full capacity as highest liquid level target,
The ratio that condenser liquid level occupies fully loaded liquid level is divided at least two differences from highest liquid level target to minimum liquid level target
Target level section, and determine Liquid level section and at least one liquid level variable control interval including one, determine liquid level section
Starting point is greater than or equal to the terminal in liquid level variable section；Correspondingly, compressor load is occupied percentage at full capacity according to load parameter
Than by 0, at least two different load sections are divided at full capacity, a load setting is corresponding with Liquid level section is determined, at least
Another load setting is corresponding with liquid level variable control interval；
In water cooler operational process, controller calculates in real time and judges compressor load section, selects Liquid level side
Formula simultaneously determines corresponding target level section according to compressor load section；Controller changes according to compressor load, using PID
Control method adjust automatically condenser liquid level reaches in corresponding condenser target level section, to indirectly control evaporator liquid
Position.
Compressor load section is generally corresponding to as follows with condenser liquid level target interval:
Compressor load section is when determining Liquid level section, to carry out determining liquid level liquid level control as definite value using highest liquid level target
System；Preferred compressed machine load setting is when determining Liquid level section, to carry out determining liquid as definite value deviation ± 2% using highest liquid level target
Position Liquid level；
When compressor load section is liquid level variable control interval, it is different that liquid level variable control interval is divided at least three
Load setting, selection enters respectively, realizes liquid level variable control mode.
Further, three different load setting difference are as follows:
When compressor is in the first load setting, corresponding first liquid level target interval are as follows: liquid level target interval minimum liquid level
Target~the first grade liquid level target.
When compressor is in the second load setting, corresponding second liquid level target interval are as follows: first grade of liquid level target~the second
Shelves liquid level target；
When compressor is in third load setting, corresponding third liquid level target interval are as follows: second gear liquid level target~highest
Liquid level target；
The terminal of third load setting is overlapped as critical load with the starting point for determining Liquid level section.The present invention is preferably critical
Load is a value in 75%~83%.
Compressor load occupies percentage of current at full capacity by compressor current and measures, and accordingly presses compressor load
Percentage at full capacity, which is occupied, according to load parameter is divided at least two load settings；Alternatively, compressor load is by evaporator or cold
Condenser disengaging water temperature difference when occupying at full capacity the disengaging water temperature difference percentage of evaporator or condenser measure, accordingly will compression
Machine load occupies percentage at full capacity according to load parameter and is divided at least two different load sections.
Specifically: compressor load occupies percentage of current at full capacity by compressor current and measures, by compressor current
Occupying percentage of current at full capacity, by 0 at least two load settings are divided at full capacity, electric current occupies electric current percentage at full capacity
It is generally corresponding to as follows than RLA and condenser liquid level target interval:
When electric current occupies that percentage of current RLA is critical value~100% at full capacity, corresponding liquid level target interval are as follows: highest liquid
Position target determines Liquid level；
When electric current occupies that percentage of current RLA is 75%~critical value at full capacity, corresponding liquid level target interval are as follows: second gear
Liquid level target~highest liquid level target；
When electric current occupies that percentage of current RLA is 50%~75% at full capacity, corresponding liquid level target interval are as follows: first grade of liquid level
Target~second gear liquid level target；
When electric current occupies that percentage of current RLA is 0%~50% at full capacity, corresponding liquid level target interval are as follows: liquid level target area
Between minimum liquid level target~the first grade liquid level target.
Alternatively, evaporator or condenser when compressor load is occupied at full capacity by evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference
Disengaging water temperature difference percentage is measured, by compressor load by 0 to being divided at least two different load sections at full capacity, this
When, compressor load is generally corresponding to as follows with condenser liquid level target interval:
The disengaging water temperature difference percentage of evaporator or condenser when evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference occupy at full capacity
When for critical value~100%, corresponding highest liquid level target determines Liquid level；
The disengaging water temperature difference percentage of evaporator or condenser when evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference occupy at full capacity
When for 75%~critical value %, corresponding liquid level target interval 45%~50%；
The disengaging water temperature difference percentage of evaporator or condenser when evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference occupy at full capacity
When being 50%~75%, corresponding liquid level target interval 35%~40%；
The disengaging water temperature difference percentage of evaporator or condenser when evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference occupy at full capacity
When being 0%~50%, corresponding liquid level target interval 25%~35%.
Further, after liquid level section has been determined, according to current set state, controller calculates corresponding under the state
Volume flow；Then percentage of current RLA at full capacity and volume flow are occupied according to electric current and determines essence from liquid level target interval
True condenser liquid level target.Calculating volume flow has different modes, and the present invention is further preferably according to different compressions
Machine is established working conditions of compressor map relationship corresponding with the volume flow of main throttling set and is stored in the controller；Working conditions of compressor
Map relationship corresponding with main throttling set volume flow are as follows:
V==f(A, IGV, S)；Wherein, volume flow V and A, IGV, S are to be positively correlated, i.e. volume flow V with A,
The increase of IGV, S and increase；Wherein, A is the suction and discharge temperature of compressor suction and exhaust ports, and IGV is the circulation of compressor inlet guide vane
Area, S are compressor rotary speed.
After given liquid level target interval, the aperture of electric expansion valve EXV is according to the difference of current level and target level section
Value carries out PID adjusting, controls condenser liquid level in ± 3% range of target value；According to different liquid level targets, pid control algorithm
Adjust main throttling set electric expansion valve 12.
Therefore, in water cooler operational process of the present invention, controller by the percentage of current of compressor real time execution, with
And circulation area, the compressor rotary speed S of compressor inlet guide vane (Inlet guide vane, rear abbreviation IGV), compressor are inhaled
The load of the suction and discharge temperature A real-time judge compressor of exhaust outlet, occupies at full capacity further according to volume flow and electric current above-mentioned
Percentage of current RLA confirms the liquid level target interval of current operating condition；Then active according to payload size, adjust condenser
Liquid level target, so that Indirect method evaporator liquid level, guarantees evaporator effectiveness.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of water cooler control method of refrigerant flow, the water cooler include at least compressor, condenser, evaporator,
The liquid level sensor that controller, condenser side are arranged, and the main throttling set being arranged between condenser and evaporator；It is special
Sign is:
Condenser liquid level is occupied the ratio of fully loaded liquid level as highest liquid level target by condenser liquid level when setting compressor at full capacity
Example is divided at least two different target level sections from highest liquid level target to minimum liquid level target, and determines liquid including one
Position control interval and at least one liquid level variable control interval, the starting point for determining liquid level section are greater than or equal to the end in liquid level variable section
Point；Correspondingly, by compressor load according to load parameter occupy at full capacity percentage by 0 to being divided at least two at full capacity not
Same load setting, a load setting is corresponding with Liquid level section is determined, at least another load setting and liquid level variable control zone
Between it is corresponding；
In water cooler operational process, controller calculates in real time and judges compressor load section, selects Liquid level mode simultaneously
Corresponding target level section is determined according to compressor load section；Controller changes according to compressor load, using PID control
Method adjust automatically condenser liquid level reaches in corresponding condenser target level section, to indirectly control evaporator liquid level.
2. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the target level section
Division need to guarantee that evaporator under full capacity retains most of refrigerant within the condenser, and in fraction percentage loading condiction
Under, most of refrigerant is placed in evaporator；Condenser liquid level minimum liquid level target need to be greater than 0.
3. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: compressor load section with
Condenser liquid level target interval is generally corresponding to as follows:
Compressor load section is when determining Liquid level section, to carry out determining liquid level Liquid level as definite value using highest liquid level target；
When compressor load section is liquid level variable control interval, liquid level variable control interval is divided at least three different loads
Section, selection enters respectively, realizes liquid level variable control mode.
4. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: three different loading zones
Between respectively it is as follows:
When compressor is in the first load setting, corresponding first liquid level target interval are as follows: liquid level target interval minimum liquid level target
~the first grade of liquid level target；
When compressor is in the second load setting, corresponding second liquid level target interval are as follows: first grade of liquid level target~second gear liquid
Position target；
When compressor is in third load setting, corresponding third liquid level target interval are as follows: second gear liquid level target~highest liquid level
Target；
The terminal of third load setting is overlapped as critical load with the starting point for determining Liquid level section.
5. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: compressor load is by compressing
Electromechanical stream occupies percentage of current at full capacity and measures, and accordingly compressor load is occupied percentage at full capacity according to load parameter
Than being divided at least two load settings；Alternatively, compressor load is occupied at full capacity by evaporator or condenser disengaging water temperature difference
When evaporator or the disengaging water temperature difference percentage of condenser measure, compressor load is occupied according to load parameter accordingly full
Load percentage is divided at least two different load sections.
6. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: according to current unit shape
State, controller calculate corresponding volume flow under the state；Then according to compressor load section and volume flow from liquid level mesh
It marks and determines accurate condenser liquid level target in section.
7. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: according to different compressors
It establishes working conditions of compressor map relationship corresponding with the volume flow of main throttling set and stores in the controller；Working conditions of compressor with
Main throttling set volume flow corresponds to map relationship are as follows:
V=f(A, IGV, S)；Wherein, volume flow V and A, IGV, S are to be positively correlated, i.e., volume flow V is with A, IGV, S
Increase and increase；Wherein, A is the suction and discharge temperature of compressor suction and exhaust ports, and IGV is compressor inlet guide vane circulation area, S
For compressor rotary speed.
8. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 1 or claim 7, it is characterised in that: the PID control side
Method step are as follows:
After given liquid level target interval, controller adjusts main throttling using pid control algorithm and fills according to different liquid level target intervals
The aperture set；The aperture of main throttling set carries out PID adjusting according to the difference in current level and target level section, controls cold
Condenser liquid level is in ± 3% range of target value；Evaporator liquid level is adjusted by adjusting condenser liquid level, guarantees evaporator effectiveness.
9. water cooler control method of refrigerant flow according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: evaporator or condenser liquid
When position is abnormal, protectiveness adjusting is carried out rapidly, quickly adjusts electric expansion valve EXV and compressor load；When liquid level exception, machine
Group will adjust rapidly the aperture of electric expansion valve, by judging the numerical value of evaporating pressure and condensing pressure to ensure to compress
The safety of machine.
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| CN112082293A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Throttle valve control method and device, compressed steam circulation system and air conditioner |
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| CN114995530B (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-11-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Condensate water level intelligent control method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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