CN107286352A - The method for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale - Google Patents

The method for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale Download PDF

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CN107286352A
CN107286352A CN201710462868.7A CN201710462868A CN107286352A CN 107286352 A CN107286352 A CN 107286352A CN 201710462868 A CN201710462868 A CN 201710462868A CN 107286352 A CN107286352 A CN 107286352A
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fish scale
collagen
guanine
white
water
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CN107286352B (en
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吕金顺
刘晓燕
吕培林
张晓盼
王琳双
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Guangdong Gaohang Intellectual Property Operation Co ltd
Guangzhou Xiyan Biotechnology Co ltd
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Huaiyin Normal University
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08HDERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08H1/00Macromolecular products derived from proteins
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D473/00Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
    • C07D473/02Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6
    • C07D473/18Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 one oxygen and one nitrogen atom, e.g. guanine
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/78Connective tissue peptides, e.g. collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin or cold insoluble globulin [CIG]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, using fish scale as raw material, guanine in fish scale, collagen peptide and collagen are extracted simultaneously, the concentration and acidity and temperature of extract solution are controlled again, are successively separated collagen, guanine and collagen peptide;The inventive method is using fish scale as raw material, onestep extraction simultaneously separates collagen, collagen peptide and guanine, and technique is easy, takes full advantage of fish scale natural resources, the technological deficiency of the single extraction in current technology is overcome, with obvious social value and economic benefit.

Description

The method for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological extractive technique, belong to fish sideline production deep process technology field, particularly one kind is same from fish scale When extract and separation guanine, the method for collagen peptide and collagen.
Background technology
Fish scale(scale)It is the sclerotin scale of the collagen generation of fish skin corium, accounts for the 1% ~ 5% of fish body weight.Fish scale In appearance as petal, and edge is in small curling, and white gloss slightly has a fish like smell, and quality is hard and soft.Table is studied Bright, organic matter accounts for 41% ~ 55% in fish scale, and inorganic matter accounts for 38% ~ 46%, and water content is 16.4%~17.8%.Content of organics Most is protein, wherein being accounted for the 90% of fish scale organic matter based on collagen and fish scale keratin again, also being contained purine Class compound.Inorganic matter is based on hydroxyapatite.
Fish scale shows good effect in nutrition and medical domain.Nutritionist's research finds that fish scale contains more Lecithin, plays the role of enhancing memory, delays and prolong cell ageing;Contain substantial amounts of collagen in fish scale, can rise a variety of Biological function, such as promotes wound healing, hemostasis, and antigenicity is relatively low, can promote the formation of bone, enhancing skin metabolism etc.. Fish scale collagen and other collagen ratios, its protein easily decompose, are easily digested, absorb.It is a variety of contained by fish scale Unrighted acid, can help to transmit and chyle fat in protein-bonded form, reduce cholesterol in blood vessel in blood Deposited on wall, with preventing a variety of effects such as artery sclerosis, preventing hypertension and heart disease.Therefore, fish scale is special health care Food.The 6- extracted from fish scale is dredged for guanine, clinical treatment acute leukemia, and effective percentage is 70%~75%;And to stomach cancer, Lymphadenoma also has special effect.
Contain more guanine in fish scale, guanine can be extracted from birds droppings or fish scale.Guanine and its derivative With important biomolecule activity, such as antitumor, antiviral [Kim A., Hong H.J.Synthesis and anti-HIV study of novel acyclic guanine derivatives[J]. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids, 2008,27(2):121-130] etc., it is also main medicine intermediate, available for synthesizing a series of the anti-of high-efficiency low-toxicities Bleb medicine.
China is freshwater fish culturing country maximum in the world.The annual leftover bits and pieces produced during processing of aquatic products (such as fish-skin, fish-bone, crab shell, fish scale) reaches more than 2,500,000 tons, and [person of outstanding talent once celebrates exploitation prospect [J] of filial piety fish scales Process technology, 2004, (5):74-75], wherein fish scale is up to 35 ~ 450,000 tons [before the preparation and development and application of He Lan scale collagens Scape [J] aquatic science and technology information, 2007,34 (5):210-212].How fish scale resource is utilized, it is turned waste into wealth, be in recent years To be engaged in the focus of fishery process deeply industry research.To the deep processing and utilization of these fish scale discarded objects, existing substantial amounts of research report Road.Research is concentrated mainly on fish scale extracts collagen, anti-oxidation peptide, [Zeng Li, Li Li, Wang Jiabin wait water to blood pressure lowering peptide Produce collagen peptide functional activity and its Study on Preparation progress [J] Oceanography Institute Of Zhejiang journal, 2013,32 (2):163- 168], with each fish scale hydroxyapatite of fish scale system etc., [Hao person of outstanding talent's ultrasound pretreatment enzyme membrane coupled reaction prepares fish scale collagen The technical research of peptide, Jiangsu University's master thesis, 2014] and extraction guanine or pearl essence or fish scale essence (fish Silver) [Zeng Xiaodan, Zhang Yingjiao, Xia Chen, Wang Zipeng, Cao Yang grass carp scales extract technique and the quality research [J] of guanine, Modern agriculture science and technology, 2012,1:15-16;A kind of methods that pearl essence is extracted from fish scale of CN1033827A; A kind of methods that pearl essence is extracted from fish scale of CN201410730562.1] etc..
The method that collagen is extracted from fish scale, general technology path can be attributed to:First by fish scale removal of impurities, clean and dry in the air It is dry, then calcium is removed with calcium remover, the suitable extractant of reselection and equipment extract collagen and separation.According to the extraction of selection Agent is different, and obtained collagen is different, and [zu knows gorgeous, Xiong Guangquan, Li Xin, Geng Shengrong, Yu Wei, Jiang Hongyou, Liao Tao grass carp scales Preparation and analysis [J] food research and developments of collagen peptide, 2014,35(7):36-39;Zhang Huijie Hydrolyzed Collagens The research of molecular weight control technology, University Of Science and Technology Of Tianjin's Master's thesis, 2014,2-3].The fish glue from scale quilt obtained with hot water treatment Referred to as hot method glue, the fish glue from scale obtained is handled with acid solution and is referred to as acid-processed gelatin, the fish glue from scale obtained with base extraction is then referred to as Alkaline process glue, the fish glue from scale for taking protease to obtain is referred to as enzyme process glue or collagen peptide, and the A of CN 103773828 are from fish scale The method for extracting collagen;A kind of preparation methods of acid-soluble fish scale collagen of the A of CN 104892750; A kind of preparation methods of fish scale collagen of CN101418328A;The B of CN 103773830 one kind extracts collagen egg from fish scale White method;A kind of methods that collagen is extracted from fish scale of the A of CN 105063154;The B of CN 103773830 it is a kind of from The method that collagen is extracted in fish scale;Lei Jing, Li Hesheng, Zhang Liyuan, Sun Nannan, the extraction of cuttlefish collagen and knot Structure characterizes [J], research and development of natural products, 2012,24:575-580] etc..
The method that guanine is extracted from fish scale, is studied less at present.It is rarely seen have once Xiao Dan et al. carried from grass carp scales Taking guanine, [Zeng Xiaodan, Zhang Yingjiao, Xia Chen, Wang Zipeng, Cao Yang grass carp scales extract technique and the quality research of guanine [J], modern agriculture science and technology, 2012,1:15-16], two China's patent of invention [CN1033827A one kind is carried from fish scale The method for taking pearl essence;A kind of methods that pearl essence is extracted from fish scale of CN201410730562.1].Previous literature method is By the fish scale anticipated, at 98 DEG C of temperature, surfactant is added and under the conditions of concentration is 5.0 moL/L hydrochloric acid Grass carp scales are extracted into 2.0 h, quiescent crystallization after filtrate is obtained, and produce hydrochloric acid bird after crystallization is refined again with hydrochloric acid solution Purine.Latter two patents method has used surfactant and have a significant impact to human body and environment four in subsequent treatment Chlorination carbon.
Technology contents disclosed above are only that the collagen or collagen peptide or guanine of fish scale are entered respectively Capable independent extraction.That is when extracting collagen or collagen peptide, guanine is not extracted;Extracting bird During purine, collagen or collagen peptide are not extracted, when especially doing calcium remover with acid, existing part collagen It is dissolved in acid and loses.Thus it is described above and method there is the waste to loss and resource with important available composition The problem of, and also have no so far in the industry with regard to how using fish scale while extracting the collagen of high value added product, collagen egg White peptide and guanine and propose effective technical scheme.Therefore, one kind is researched and developed to extract active component simultaneously from fish scale and its divide From method, to improve production efficiency, reduce the wasting of resources it is very necessary.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is:A kind of method for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale is proposed, from fish scale Onestep extraction simultaneously isolates the collagen with important physiological action, collagen peptide and guanine product, to realize fish scale Efficient utilization.
The present invention technical solution be:Using fish scale as raw material, by the guanine in fish scale, collagen peptide and collagen Albumen is extracted simultaneously, then controls the concentration and acidity and temperature of extract solution, successively by collagen, guanine and collagen egg White peptide is separated;Comprise the following steps that:To cleaning with deimpurity fish scale after freeze-drying, thread fish scale is ground into; After thread fish scale is mixed according to certain solid-to-liquid ratio with Extraction solvent, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, ultrasonic power, temperature in setting Extracted under degree and ultrasonic time, insoluble matter is removed in centrifugation, obtain mixed containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen Close extract solution;Mixed extract is placed in rotary evaporating device and carries out being concentrated to give concentrate;Concentrate is placed in quiet under low temperature Put to occurring after precipitation and clear liquid, be filtrated to get precipitate A and clear liquid B;Precipitate A is washed with deionized to without freezing after chlorion Dry white thing C;Clear liquid B is adjusted to certain pH value by alkaline solution, certain time is stood at low temperature, filtering and It is washed with deionized to after without chlorion and obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, white precipitate D is frozen into white powder Shape D;Settled solution E continuation is adjusted to certain pH value with alkaline solution, concentration, and certain time is stood at low temperature, filtering point From that must precipitate F and filtrate G, precipitation F is scrubbed, after freeze-drying be colourless thing F, and it is dry that filtrate G is concentrated rear directly freezed White powder G;White thing C, white powder D it is infrared completely the same and water insoluble with the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin, It is soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds of things are collagen;Colourless thing F's is infrared basically identical with standard guanine, water insoluble, card Bright is impure guanine;White powder G is highly soluble in water, is also highly soluble in acid, the infrared clear collagen of figure and standard bovine Unanimously, it is marked as the water-soluble collagen peptide containing salt.
Wherein, fish scale used is the mixture of ocean fish, the fish scale of fresh-water fishes or two kinds of fish scales.
Wherein, the fish scale of described clean and decontamination refers to:The fish scale that market is purchased, is washed with water to no color With wash water solution without muddy thing, other any processing are not done, is directly freeze-dried, is ground into thread fish scale.
Wherein, the selection of Extraction solvent is, in different solvents, such as to go with two kinds of standard sample guanines and collagen Ionized water, ammoniacal liquor, sodium hydroxide solution, hydrochloric acid solution carry out solubility test respectively;Wherein hydrochloric acid solution can dissolve two kinds of marks Quasi- sample(Guanine and collagen);Therefore hydrochloric acid solution is the preferred solvent of extraction simultaneously.
Wherein, the extraction process of mixed extract is:Thread fish scale is dense according to mass number and 0.050~0.82 mol/L The hydrochloric acid solution volume of degree is according to 1g:After 10 ~ 19mL is than mixing, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, 20 ~ 40 points of power 35~71%, time Clock and temperature 300C is extracted;Insoluble matter is removed in centrifugation, obtains mixed containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen Close extract solution.
Wherein, mixed extract is obtained under the extraction conditions using Uniform Design method;To collagen and The recovery rate of collagen peptide is to representing the hydroxyl dried meat ammonia of collagen and collagen peptide in mixed extract by photometry What acid was measured and calculated;Recovery rate to guanine is to the guanine in mixed extract by high performance liquid chromatography Detected and calculated;Relation to extraction conditions and recovery rate is fitted by the softwares of Excel 2003, has been drawn time Return analysis equation, with this equation of partial differentiation solution, the extraction conditions optimized are:The quality of thread fish scale and the body of hydrochloric acid Product is than being 1g:16.6mL, HCl concentration 0.33mol/L, ultrasonic power 57%, extraction time 28min, Extracting temperature is 300C。
Wherein, concentration process is:The r/min of mixed extract 6000 centrifuges 20min, obtains filtrate, and the rotated evaporation of filtrate is dense Contract to obtain concentrate.
Wherein, the separation of collagen is:Concentrate is placed in 00C~10 0After C is stood overnight, it is separated by filtration, is precipitated A and clear liquid B;Precipitate A is washed with deionized to after without chlorion is freeze-dried to obtain white thing C in freeze dryer;Clear liquid B is used 0.5 ~ 1mol/L sodium hydroxide regulation pH value be 6.0 ~ 6.5 after, also in 00C~10 0After C stand at low temperature is stayed overnight, pass through Quantitative filter paper is filtered and deionized water washing, obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, white precipitate D is frozen into white powder Shape D;White thing C, white powder D it is infrared completely the same and water insoluble with the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin, be soluble in Hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds of things are collagen.
Wherein, the separation of guanine is:Settled solution E as obtained by filtering after white precipitate D quantitative filter paper with 0.05 ~ 0.2mol/L sodium hydroxides adjust pH value after 7.0-7.5, to concentrate, 00C~10 0C stand at low temperature is overnight to having clear liquid and heavy Form sediment, F and filtrate G must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, precipitation F is colourless thing F through water washing, after freeze-drying;Colourless thing F infrared and mark Quasi- guanine is basically identical, water insoluble, it was demonstrated that be impure guanine.
Wherein, the separation of collagen peptide is:The filtrate G after F must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, and rotary evaporation is steamed to anhydrous, White powder G is freezed to obtain after being frozen again in low temperature refrigerator in freeze drier;White powder G is highly soluble in water, also easily Acid is dissolved in, infrared figure is consistent with the clear collagen of standard bovine, is marked as the water-soluble collagen peptide containing salt.
The present invention has advantages below:
(One)The present invention passes through simple ion step with fish scale, directly carries out the extraction of active component and dividing in fish scale simultaneously From simplifying current existing patented technology or document fish scale make raw material and extract collagen or collagen peptide to need plus remove The step of calcium agent removes calcium so that extraction process is easy.
(Two)Using certain density hydrochloric acid as extractant, while serving a variety of effects:Can dissolve collagen and Guanine, can also be by part collagen acidolysis into collagen peptide, but also is acting on production subsequently through with sodium hydroxide Salt, serves the effect for salting out collagen and the effect for removing calcium in fish scale.
(Three)Existing utilization fish scale is extracted in collagen or the invention of collagen peptide or technical literature, in extraction process In be only extracted fish scale single-activity composition, other useful components are lost;It is of the invention compared with these existing technologies, in fish scale Collagen, collagen peptide and the step of guanine active ingredient one are extracted and basic separation, take full advantage of fish scale Natural resources, overcomes the technological deficiency of single extraction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is process chart of the invention;Wherein:(1)To extract optimization technological process figure;(2)To extract with separating Process chart;
Fig. 2 is the white thing C and standard bovine albumin infrared scan figure extracted;
Fig. 3 is the white thing D extracted and the infrared scan figure of standard bovine albumin;
Fig. 4 is the colourless thing F and guanine standard specimen infrared scan figure extracted;
Fig. 5 is the white thing G extracted and the infrared scan figure of standard bovine albumin.
Embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment.It must be noted that the embodiment provided, only it is pair The present invention's further illustrates, it is impossible to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the professional in the field can basis Present disclosure makes the modifications and adaptations of some non-intrinsically safes.
Embodiment 1:Extracted according to following steps and separate the active component in fish scale
(1)The pretreatment of fish scale:The fish scale that market is purchased, is washed with water to no color and wash water solution without muddy thing, Other any processing are not done, are directly freeze-dried, are ground into thread fish scale;
(2)The acquisition of mixed extract:By hydrochloric acid solution body of the thread fish scales of 50.0g according to mass number and 0.050mol/L concentration Product is according to 1g:After 10mL is than mixing, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, power 35%, 20 minutes time and temperature 300C is extracted;From The heart separates insoluble matter, obtains the mixed extract containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen;
(3)Concentration:The r/min of mixed extract 6000 centrifuges 20min, obtains filtrate, filtrate is rotated to be concentrated by evaporation to obtain concentrate;
(4)The separation of collagen:Concentrate is placed in 00After C is stood overnight, it is separated by filtration, obtains precipitate A and clear liquid B;Precipitation A is washed with deionized to after without chlorion is freeze-dried to obtain white thing C 6.8g in freeze dryer;Clear liquid B 0.5mol/L Sodium hydroxide regulation pH value be 6.0 after, also in 00After C stand at low temperature is stayed overnight, pass through quantitative filter paper filtering and deionization Water washing, obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, and white precipitate D is frozen into white powder D 4.6g;It is white thing C, white The powdered D's of color is infrared completely the same and water insoluble with the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin, is soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds Thing is collagen;
(5)The separation of guanine:Settled solution E 0.05mol/L hydrogen-oxygens as obtained by filtering after white precipitate D quantitative filter paper Change sodium regulation pH value be 7.0 after, concentration, 00C stand at low temperature is overnight to having clear liquid and precipitation, and F and filter must be precipitated by being separated by filtration Liquid G, precipitation F is colourless thing F 0.24g through water washing, after freeze-drying;Colourless thing F infrared and standard guanine is infrared basic Unanimously, it is water insoluble, it was demonstrated that to be impure guanine;
(6)The separation of collagen peptide:The filtrate G after F must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, and rotary evaporation is steamed to anhydrous, then in low temperature White powder G 5.2g are freezed to obtain after being frozen in refrigerator in freeze drier;White powder G is highly soluble in water, is also highly soluble in Acid, white powder G infrared figure is consistent with the infrared figure of the clear collagen of standard bovine, is marked as the water-soluble collagen egg containing salt White peptide.
Embodiment 2:Extracted according to following steps and separate the active component in fish scale
(1)The pretreatment of fish scale:The fish scale that market is purchased, is washed with water to no color and wash water solution without muddy thing, Other any processing are not done, are directly freeze-dried, are ground into thread fish scale;
(2)The acquisition of mixed extract:By hydrochloric acid solution volume of the thread fish scales of 50.0g by mass number and 0.45mol/L concentration According to 1g:After 14.5mL is than mixing, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, power 53%, 30 minutes time and temperature 300C is extracted;From The heart separates insoluble matter, obtains the mixed extract containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen;
(3)Concentration:The r/min of mixed extract 6000 centrifuges 20min, obtains filtrate, filtrate is rotated to be concentrated by evaporation to obtain concentrate;
(4)The separation of collagen:Concentrate is placed in 50After C is stood overnight, it is separated by filtration, obtains precipitate A and clear liquid B;Precipitate A It is washed with deionized to after without chlorion and white thing C 13.8g is freeze-dried to obtain in freeze dryer;Clear liquid B 0.75mol/L Sodium hydroxide regulation pH value be 6.3 after, also in 50After C stand at low temperature is stayed overnight, pass through quantitative filter paper filtering and deionization Water washing, obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, and white precipitate D is frozen into white powder D 11.1g;It is white thing C, white The powdered D's of color is infrared completely the same and water insoluble with the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin, is soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds Thing is collagen;
(5)The separation of guanine:Settled solution E as obtained by filtering after white precipitate D quantitative filter paper is with 0.13 mol/L hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena regulation pH value be 7.5 after, concentration, 50C stand at low temperature overnight to having clear liquid and precipitation, be separated by filtration must precipitate F and Filtrate G, precipitation F is colourless thing F 0.28g through water washing, after freeze-drying;Colourless thing F infrared and standard guanine basic one Cause, it is water insoluble, it was demonstrated that to be impure guanine;
(6)The separation of collagen peptide:The filtrate G after F must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, and rotary evaporation is steamed to anhydrous, then in low temperature White powder G 8.6g are freezed to obtain after being frozen in refrigerator in freeze drier;White powder G is highly soluble in water, also easily molten In acid, infrared figure is consistent with the clear collagen of standard bovine, is marked as the water-soluble collagen peptide containing salt.
Embodiment 3:Extracted according to following steps and separate the active component in fish scale
(1)The pretreatment of fish scale:The fish scale that market is purchased, is washed with water to no color and wash water solution without muddy thing, Other any processing are not done, are directly freeze-dried, are ground into thread fish scale;
(2)The acquisition of mixed extract:By hydrochloric acid solution volume of the thread fish scales of 50.0g by mass number and 0.82 mol/L concentration According to 1g:After 19mL is than mixing, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, power 71%, 40 minutes time and temperature 300C is extracted;Centrifugation Insoluble matter is separated, the mixed extract containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen is obtained;
(3)Concentration:The r/min of mixed extract 6000 centrifuges 20min, obtains filtrate, filtrate is rotated to be concentrated by evaporation to obtain concentrate;
(4)The separation of collagen:Concentrate is placed in 100After C is stood overnight, it is separated by filtration, obtains precipitate A and clear liquid B;It is heavy Shallow lake A is washed with deionized to after without chlorion is freeze-dried to obtain white thing C 15.6g in freeze dryer;Clear liquid B 1mol/L Sodium hydroxide regulation pH value be 6.5 after, also in 100After C stand at low temperature is stayed overnight, by quantitative filter paper filter and go from Sub- water washing, obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, and white precipitate D is frozen into white powder D 12.1g;White thing C, White powder D infrared figure and the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin are completely the same and water insoluble, are soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that Two kinds of things are collagen;
(5)The separation of guanine:Settled solution E 0.2mol/L hydrogen-oxygens as obtained by filtering after white precipitate D quantitative filter paper Change sodium regulation pH value be 7.5 after, concentration, 100C stand at low temperature overnight to having clear liquid and precipitation, be separated by filtration must precipitate F and Filtrate G, precipitation F is colourless thing F 0.33g through water washing, after freeze-drying;Colourless thing F infrared figure and standard guanine is infrared Figure is basically identical, water insoluble, it was demonstrated that be impure guanine;
(6)The separation of collagen peptide:The filtrate G after F must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, and rotary evaporation is steamed to anhydrous, then in low temperature White powder G 9.2g are freezed to obtain after being frozen in refrigerator in freeze drier;White powder G is highly soluble in water, is also highly soluble in Acid, the infrared figures of white powder G are consistent with the infrared figure of the clear collagen of standard bovine, are marked as the water-soluble collagen containing salt Peptide.
Embodiment 4:Extracted according to following steps and separate the active component in fish scale
(1)The pretreatment of fish scale:The fish scale that market is purchased, is washed with water to no color and wash water solution without muddy thing, Other any processing are not done, are directly freeze-dried, are ground into thread fish scale;
(2)The acquisition of mixed extract:By hydrochloric acid solution volume of the thread fish scales of 50.0g by mass number and 0.33mol/L concentration According to 1g:After 16.6mL is than mixing, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, power 57%, 28 minutes time and temperature 300C is extracted;From The heart separates insoluble matter, obtains the mixed extract containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen;
(3)Concentration:The r/min of mixed extract 6000 centrifuges 20min, obtains filtrate, filtrate is rotated to be concentrated by evaporation to obtain concentrate;
(4)The separation of collagen:Concentrate is placed in 50After C is stood overnight, it is separated by filtration, obtains precipitate A and clear liquid B;Precipitate A It is washed with deionized to after without chlorion and white thing C 17.1g is freeze-dried to obtain in freeze dryer;Clear liquid B is with 1mol/L's Sodium hydroxide regulation pH value be 6.0 after, also in 50After C stand at low temperature is stayed overnight, pass through quantitative filter paper filtering and deionized water Washing, obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, white precipitate D is frozen into white powder D 12.5g;White thing C, white Powdered D's is infrared completely the same and water insoluble with the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin, is soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds of things For collagen;
(5)The separation of guanine:Settled solution E 0.05mol/L hydrogen-oxygens as obtained by filtering after white precipitate D quantitative filter paper Change sodium regulation pH value be 7.5 after, concentration, 100C stand at low temperature overnight to having clear liquid and precipitation, be separated by filtration must precipitate F and Filtrate G, precipitation F is colourless thing F 0.42g through water washing, after freeze-drying;Colourless thing F infrared and standard guanine basic one Cause, it is water insoluble, it was demonstrated that to be impure guanine;
(6)The separation of collagen peptide:The filtrate G after F must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, and rotary evaporation is steamed to anhydrous, then in low temperature White powder G 10.5g are freezed to obtain after being frozen in refrigerator in freeze drier;White powder G is highly soluble in water, also easily molten In acid, infrared figure is consistent with the clear collagen of standard bovine, is marked as the water-soluble collagen peptide containing salt.
To sum up, technique according to the invention solution and given specific embodiment and related detection data card Real, the present invention reaches expected goal of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. the method for simultaneously separate active ingredients is extracted simultaneously from fish scale, using fish scale as raw material, by the guanine in fish scale, collagen Protein peptides and collagen are extracted simultaneously, then control the concentration and acidity and temperature of extract solution, successively by collagen, bird Purine and collagen peptide are separated;It is characterized in that it is comprised the following steps that:To cleaning with deimpurity fish scale through supercooling It is lyophilized it is dry after, be ground into thread fish scale;After thread fish scale is mixed according to certain solid-to-liquid ratio with Extraction solvent, ultrasonic dress is placed in In putting, extracted under the ultrasonic power of setting, temperature and ultrasonic time, centrifugation remove insoluble matter, obtain containing guanine, The mixed extract of collagen peptide and collagen;By mixed extract be placed in rotary evaporating device carry out be concentrated to give it is dense Contracting liquid;Concentrate is placed under low temperature and stood to occurring after precipitation and clear liquid, is filtrated to get precipitate A and clear liquid B;Precipitate A spend from Sub- water washing is to without being freeze-dried to obtain white thing C after chlorion;Clear liquid B is adjusted to certain pH value by alkaline solution, Certain time is stood under low temperature, filters and is washed with deionized to after without chlorion and obtain white precipitate D and settled solution E, White precipitate D is frozen into white powder D;Settled solution E continuation is adjusted to certain pH value with alkaline solution, concentration, Stand certain time under low temperature, F and filtrate G must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, precipitation F it is scrubbed, freeze-drying after be colourless thing F, filter Liquid G be concentrated rear directly freezed it is dry white powder G;White thing C, white powder D infrared and standard bovine albumin Infrared figure is completely the same, and water insoluble, is soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds of things are collagen;Colourless thing F infrared and standard Guanine is basically identical, water insoluble, it was demonstrated that be impure guanine;White powder G is highly soluble in water, is also highly soluble in acid, Infrared figure is consistent with the clear collagen of standard bovine, is marked as the water-soluble collagen peptide containing salt.
2. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that:Used Fish scale is the mixture of ocean fish, the fish scale of fresh-water fishes or two kinds of fish scales.
3. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that described Clean and the fish scale of decontamination refers to:The fish scale that market is purchased, is washed with water to no color and wash water solution without muddiness Thing, other any processing are not done, is directly freeze-dried, is ground into thread fish scale.
4. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that described mixed Closing the extraction process of extract solution is:By hydrochloric acid solution body of the thread fish scale according to mass number and 0.050~0.82 mol/L concentration Product is according to 1g:After 10 ~ 19mL is than mixing, it is placed in Vltrasonic device, power 35~71%, 20 ~ 40 minutes time and temperature 300C Extracted;Insoluble matter is removed in centrifugation, obtains the mixed extract containing guanine, collagen peptide and collagen.
5. the method according to claim 4 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that described mixed Closing the extraction process of the optimization of extract solution is:Thread fish scale quality is 1g with hydrochloric acid volume ratio:16.6mL, HCl concentration 0.33mol/L, ultrasonic power 57%, extraction time 28min, Extracting temperature is 300C。
6. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that described Concentration process is:The r/min of mixed extract 6000 centrifuges 20min, obtains filtrate, filtrate is rotated to be concentrated by evaporation to obtain concentrate.
7. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that the glue The separation of former albumen is:Concentrate is placed in 00C~10 0After C is stood overnight, it is separated by filtration, obtains precipitate A and clear liquid B;Precipitate A It is washed with deionized to after without chlorion and white thing C is freeze-dried to obtain in freeze dryer;0.5 ~ 1mol/L of clear liquid B hydrogen Sodium oxide molybdena regulation pH value be 6.0 ~ 6.5 after, also in 00C~10 0After C stand at low temperature is stayed overnight, by quantitative filter paper filtering and Deionized water is washed, and obtains white precipitate D and settled solution E, white precipitate D is frozen into white powder D;It is white thing C, white The powdered D's of color is infrared completely the same and water insoluble with the infrared figure of standard bovine albumin, is soluble in hydrochloric acid, it was demonstrated that two kinds Thing is collagen.
8. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that the bird The separation of purine is:Settled solution E 0.05 ~ 0.2mol/L hydroxides as obtained by filtering after white precipitate D quantitative filter paper Sodium adjusts pH value after 7.0-7.5, to concentrate, 00C~10 0C stand at low temperature is overnight to having clear liquid and precipitation, and being separated by filtration to sink Shallow lake F and filtrate G, precipitation F is colourless thing F through water washing, after freeze-drying;Colourless thing F infrared and standard guanine basic one Cause, it is water insoluble, it was demonstrated that to be impure guanine.
9. the method according to claim 1 for extracting simultaneously separate active ingredients simultaneously from fish scale, it is characterized in that the glue The separation of former protein peptides is:The filtrate G after F must be precipitated by being separated by filtration, and rotary evaporation is steamed to anhydrous, then be tied in low temperature refrigerator White powder G is freezed to obtain after ice in freeze drier;White powder G is highly soluble in water, is also highly soluble in acid, infrared figure and mark Quasi- cow's serum collagen is consistent, is marked as the water-soluble collagen peptide containing salt.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN110396093A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-01 广州怡和生物科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of guanine
CN114920825A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-08-19 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 Rapid preparation method of fish collagen small peptide chelated calcium

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CN103540635A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-29 石狮海星食品有限公司 Preparation process of fish scale collagen protein
CN104324367A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-02-04 广西壮族自治区花红药业股份有限公司 Novel application of fish scale extract in preparation of medicine for treating and/or preventing leukoderma
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JPH04173087A (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-06-19 Yuukishitsu Hiryo Seibutsu Kassei Riyou Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai New microorganism
CN103540635A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-29 石狮海星食品有限公司 Preparation process of fish scale collagen protein
CN104324367A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-02-04 广西壮族自治区花红药业股份有限公司 Novel application of fish scale extract in preparation of medicine for treating and/or preventing leukoderma
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110396093A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-01 广州怡和生物科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of guanine
CN114920825A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-08-19 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 Rapid preparation method of fish collagen small peptide chelated calcium
CN114920825B (en) * 2022-05-09 2024-03-22 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 Rapid preparation method of fish collagen small peptide chelated calcium

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