CN107285797B - Carbon-based composite material spiral spring and production method thereof - Google Patents

Carbon-based composite material spiral spring and production method thereof Download PDF

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CN107285797B
CN107285797B CN201710599462.3A CN201710599462A CN107285797B CN 107285797 B CN107285797 B CN 107285797B CN 201710599462 A CN201710599462 A CN 201710599462A CN 107285797 B CN107285797 B CN 107285797B
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spring
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spiral
carbon fiber
composite material
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CN107285797A (en
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廖寄乔
谭周建
李丙菊
刘学文
石磊
王冰泉
李军
王跃军
龚玉良
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Hunan Jinbo Carbon Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/021—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant characterised by their composition, e.g. comprising materials providing for particular spring properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04—Wound springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids

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Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of a carbon-based composite material spiral spring, which introduces Z-direction carbon fibers in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spiral spring, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly winding carbon fiber bundles or carbon fiber cloth on a spiral line groove of a core mold, wherein the direction of the carbon fiber bundles or continuous long fibers of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the direction of a spiral line of a spring, then winding a carbon fiber net tire on the spiral line groove of the core mold, and needling along the radial direction of the core mold; repeating the processes to prepare a carbon fiber spring preform with a required size; the method comprises the following steps: machining; the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the prepared spiral spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction is 1: 0.01 to 0.4; the elastic constant of the spiral spring is 0.1 kg per millimeter to 5 kg per millimeter; according to the invention, because Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced in the direction vertical to the axis of the spring during blank manufacturing, interlayer combination is good, and the prepared carbon-based composite material spiral spring has good mechanical properties.

Description

Carbon-based composite material spiral spring and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon-based composite material, in particular to a carbon-based composite material spiral spring and a production method thereof, and particularly relates to a carbon-based composite material spiral spring with Z-direction carbon fibers introduced in the direction vertical to the axis of the spiral spring and a production method thereof.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the requirements of various high and new technical fields on the use performance of springs are increasingly strict, common metal springs cannot meet the use requirements of advanced or special fields such as new energy, national defense, chemical engineering, aerospace, semiconductors and the like, and the springs are required to work in a high-temperature environment or a corrosive environment in many designs and do not cause metal pollution. Such as: in the welding process of the high-temperature alloy, the brazing temperature of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is about 1200 ℃, and in order to fix the positions of weldment and inhibit the problem of high-temperature deformation, a clamp is needed to realize the brazing process. Generally, such a clamp is provided with a spring member, which is capable of withstanding high temperatures, and is required to have good high-temperature elasticity, relaxation resistance, and the like. At present, the service temperature of a common metal spring is not more than 200 ℃, the service temperature of a spring made of special heat-resistant spring steel is only about 500 ℃, and a high-temperature alloy spring resistant to the temperature of more than 600 ℃ is expensive and can cause metal pollution. For this purpose, there are springs made of ceramic material. For example, patent application No. 201310710651.5 entitled ceramic spring forming device and method for manufacturing ceramic spring discloses a ceramic spring. However, ceramic materials are brittle and have poor thermal shock resistance. Although the toughness can be improved by modification, the performance is limited and the price is not good due to the limitation of great forming difficulty and complexity of the process.
The carbon/carbon composite material has the excellent performances of light specific gravity, high modulus, large specific strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance, good vibration absorption, good friction performance and the like, and is a true novel material with multiple functions, designability, structure and function.
European patent EP0684216a2 discloses a method for preparing a carbon/carbon composite material coil spring. The spring is prepared by winding carbon fibers on a core mold integrally after preforming, and then performing high-temperature mold pressing, shaping, carbonization and the like. However, since the preformed strip has a short spiral path close to the central axis and a long spiral path far from the central axis during winding, different layers will be laid along the respective paths, which inevitably results in stress and delamination, and there is no Z-direction carbon fiber in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the spring during winding, which finally results in poor structural capability and low rigidity of the whole spring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon-based composite material spiral spring with Z-direction carbon fibers introduced in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the spiral spring and a production method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim of the invention, and discloses a production method of a carbon-based composite material spiral spring, which comprises the following steps:
making a blank: firstly, winding a carbon fiber bundle or a carbon fiber cloth with the width of a spiral groove on the spiral groove of the core mold, wherein the width of the spiral groove is the same as that of the spiral of the spring, the direction of the continuous long fiber of the carbon fiber bundle or the carbon fiber cloth is the same as the direction of the spiral of the spring, then winding a carbon fiber net tire with the width of the spiral groove on the spiral groove of the core mold, performing needling along the radial direction of the core mold, and introducing Z-direction carbon fibers; repeating the processes to prepare a carbon fiber spring preform with a required size;
the surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 10g/m2～100g/m2Needling density of 10 times/cm2About 40 times per cm2The needling depth is 6-25 mm, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.3 g/cm3～0.6g/㎝3。
⑵, densifying, namely preparing the carbon fiber spring preform prepared in the step ⑴ into a carbon/carbon composite material spring green body through chemical vapor deposition or/and liquid phase impregnation carbonization, wherein the volume density of the carbon/carbon composite material spring green body is 0.8 g/cm3～1.5g/㎝3；
In order to meet the requirements of high-temperature use and high-purity environment, the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank prepared in the second step is placed into a high-temperature furnace before the third step, and is heated under the vacuum condition for impurity removal and graphitization treatment, wherein the temperature is 1800-2800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-15 hours.
Machining: and processing the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank obtained in the step two into the spiral spring according to the required size.
In order to introduce continuous long fibers in the axial direction of a spiral spring, improve the axial resistance of the spiral spring in the compression direction of the spring and improve the deformation resistance of spiral reverse fibers, the method comprises the steps of winding carbon fiber bundles or carbon fiber cloths with the width of a spiral groove on the spiral groove, and then winding a carbon fiber net tire, the carbon fiber cloths and the carbon fiber net tire with the width of the spiral groove on the spiral groove one by one, wherein the trend of the continuous long fibers of the carbon fiber cloths is consistent with the axial direction of a core mold during winding, and simultaneously, needling is performed along the radial direction of the core mold by winding the carbon fiber net tire once, and Z-direction fibers are introduced; and repeating the processes to prepare the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size.
The surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 10g/m2～100g/m2Needling density of 10 times/cm2About 40 times per cm2The needling depth is 6-25 mm, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.3 g/cm3～0.6g/㎝3。
In order to further improve the elastic coefficient of the helical spring, after step ⑵, the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring blank is prepared by impregnating and cracking the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank with silicon-containing resin or carrying out chemical vapor deposition or reaction melting and siliconizing on trichloromethylsilane, and the volume density of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring blank is 1.6 g/cm3～2.6g/㎝3。
A carbon-based composite material helical spring produced by the production method of the carbon-based composite material helical spring is characterized in that the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the helical line direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the helical spring is 1: 0.01 to 0.4; the elastic constant of the spiral spring is 0.1 kg/mm to 5.0 kg/mm.
The ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 0 to 1.
The ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the spiral spring is preferably 1: 0.05 to 0.2; the optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 0 to 1/2.
The optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the spiral spring is 1: 0.1; the optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 1/2.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the purpose of the invention is well realized, the Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced in the direction vertical to the axis of the spring during winding, so that the complete and continuous long fibers are ensured in the spiral direction of the spiral spring, the interlayer combination is good, the manufacture is simple and convenient, the elastic constant of the prepared carbon-based composite material spiral spring can reach 0.1 kg/mm to 5.0 kg/mm, and the mechanical property is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the mandrel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the circular coil spring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the hexagonal coil spring of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the throat coil spring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the drum coil spring of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the wave coil spring of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for producing a carbon-based composite material coil spring includes the following steps:
making a blank: firstly, winding a carbon fiber bundle or a carbon fiber cloth with a spiral groove width on a spiral groove 2 of a core mold 1, wherein the width of the spiral groove 2 is the same as that of a spiral line of a spring, the trend of the carbon fiber bundle or the continuous long fiber of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the spiral direction of the spring, then winding a carbon fiber net blank with the spiral groove width on the spiral groove 2 of the core mold, performing needling along the radial direction of the core mold 1, and introducing Z-direction carbon fibers; repeating the processes to prepare a carbon fiber spring preform with a required size;
the surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 10g/m2～100g/m2Needling density of 10 times/cm2About 40 times per cm2The needling depth is 6-25 mm, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.3 g/cm3～0.6g/㎝3。
⑵, densifying, namely preparing the carbon fiber spring preform prepared in the step ⑴ into a carbon/carbon composite material spring green body through chemical vapor deposition or/and liquid phase impregnation carbonization, wherein the volume density of the carbon/carbon composite material spring green body is 0.8 g/cm3～1.5g/㎝3；
In order to meet the requirements of high-temperature use and high-purity environment, the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank prepared in the second step is placed into a high-temperature furnace before the third step, and is heated under the vacuum condition for impurity removal and graphitization treatment, wherein the temperature is 1800-2800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-15 hours.
Machining: and processing the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank obtained in the step two into the spiral spring according to the required size.
A carbon-based composite material helical spring produced by the production method of the carbon-based composite material helical spring is characterized in that the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the helical line direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the helical spring is 1: 0.01 to 0.4; the elastic constant of the spiral spring is 0.1 kg/mm to 5.0 kg/mm.
The ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the spiral spring is preferably 1: 0.05 to 0.2;
the optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the spiral spring is 1: 0.1;
in this embodiment, a spiral groove 2 is formed in a cylindrical core mold 1, the width of the spiral groove 2 is the same as the spiral width of the spring, and the carbon fiber cloth with the width of the spiral groove 2 is wound on the cylindrical core mold 1The direction of continuous long fiber of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the spiral line direction of the spring, the carbon fiber cloth is carbon fiber plain cloth, and the surface density is 400g/m2(ii) a Then, the carbon fiber net tire with the spiral groove width is wound on the spiral groove 2 of the core mold 1 for 1 week or a multiple of 1 week (also 1 week in the embodiment), the number of the winding cycles of the carbon fiber cloth is the same as that of the carbon fiber net tire, and the surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 60g/m2(ii) a Then needling is carried out along the radial direction of the core die 1, and the needling density is 30 cm/cm2The needling depth is 15 mm, and Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced in the direction vertical to the axis of the spiral spring; the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size is prepared by repeating the processes, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.46 g/cm3。
The carbon fiber spring preform prepared in the previous step is subjected to chemical vapor deposition, and the volume density of the deposited carbon/carbon composite material spring blank is 1.2 g/cm3(ii) a Then, putting the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank into a high-temperature furnace, heating under a vacuum condition to remove impurities and graphitize, wherein the temperature is 2200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours; finally, a circular coil spring of the desired dimensions is machined, as shown in FIG. 2.
In order to determine a suitable ratio range of the number of continuous carbon fibers and the number of Z-direction carbon fibers in the coil spring along the spiral line direction of the spring, in the embodiment, when preparing cylindrical coil springs with an outer diameter of 48 mm, an inner diameter of 26 mm, a free height of 70 mm, a pitch of 20 mm and a pitch of 10 mm, the coil springs processed under different ratio conditions are tested (equipment: a universal electronic mechanical testing machine; test conditions: a pressurization rate of 5 mm/min), the number of Z-direction carbon fibers can be adjusted through the surface density, the needling density and the needling depth of the carbon fiber net tire, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
as can be seen from table 1, although the test pieces numbered 1 and 2 incorporate Z-direction carbon fibers, the stress curve of the coil spring during the test is nonlinear and is easily broken due to the high needling density and the severe damage of the continuous fibers. No Z-direction carbon fiber is introduced into the test piece with the serial number of 11, and the interlayer combination of the spiral spring is poor during testing, so that the layering phenomenon is easy to occur. And the stress curve of the spiral spring is linear when the test piece with the serial number of 3 to 10 is tested, so that the test piece has better performance. Meanwhile, as can be seen from table 1, the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the coil spring is 1: preferably 0.01 to 0.4 times; the preferred ratio is 1: 0.05 to 0.2; in combination with other properties, the optimal ratio is 1: 0.1.
in the embodiment, the Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the spring, so that complete and continuous long fibers are ensured in the spiral direction of the coil spring, interlayer bonding is good, the prepared carbon-based composite material coil spring has good mechanical properties, and the elastic constant can reach 0.1 kg/mm to 2.0 kg/mm.
The invention can prepare the spiral springs with different shapes according to the core moulds 1 with different shapes. A hexagonal coil spring as shown in fig. 3, a throat coil spring as shown in fig. 4, a drum coil spring as shown in fig. 5, and a wave coil spring as shown in fig. 6, etc.
Example 2:
in order to further improve the elastic coefficient of the helical spring, after step ⑵, the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring blank is prepared by impregnating and cracking the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank with silicon-containing resin or carrying out chemical vapor deposition or reaction melting and siliconizing on trichloromethylsilane, and the volume density of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring blank is 1.6 g/cm3～2.6g/㎝3。
In this embodiment, after the carbon fiber spring preform is subjected to chemical vapor deposition, trichloromethylsilane is then subjected to chemical vapor deposition to prepare a carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring green body, wherein the volume density of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring green body is 2.0 g/cm3。
The elastic constant of the helical spring of the carbon-based composite material prepared by the embodiment can reach 1.0 kg/mm to 5.0 kg/mm.
The same as in example 1.
Example 3:
in order to introduce continuous long fibers in the axial direction of a spiral spring, improve the axial resistance of the spiral spring in the compression direction of the spring and improve the deformation resistance of spiral reverse fibers, the method comprises the steps of winding a carbon fiber bundle or a carbon fiber cloth with the width of a spiral groove on the spiral groove 2, then respectively winding a carbon fiber net tire, the carbon fiber cloth and the carbon fiber net tire with the width of the spiral groove on the spiral groove 2 one by one, wherein the trend of the continuous long fibers of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the axial direction of a core mold 1 during winding, and simultaneously, needling is performed along the radial direction of the core mold 1 after the carbon fiber net tire is wound once, and Z-direction fibers are introduced; and repeating the processes to prepare the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size.
The surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 10g/m2～100g/m2Needling density of 10 times/cm2About 40 times per cm2The needling depth is 6-25 mm, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.3 g/cm3～0.6g/㎝3。
The ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 0 to 1.
The ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the coil spring is preferably 1: 0 to 1/2.
The optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 1/2.
In this embodiment, the spiral groove 2 is formed in the cylindrical core mold 1, the width of the spiral groove is the same as the spiral width of the spring, the carbon fiber cloth with the spiral groove width is wound on the spiral groove 2 of the core mold 1 for 1 week or a multiple of 1 week (in this embodiment, 1 week), the direction of the continuous long fiber of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the spiral direction of the spring, the carbon fiber cloth is carbon fiber plain cloth, and the surface density is 400g/m2(ii) a Then, the carbon fiber net tire with the spiral groove width, the carbon fiber cloth,The carbon fiber net tires are respectively wound on the spiral line grooves 2 of the core mold 1 one by one and are respectively 1 week or multiple of 1 week (respectively 1 week in the embodiment), the direction of continuous long fibers is consistent with the axial direction of the core mold 1 when the carbon fiber cloth is wound, meanwhile, needling is carried out along the radial direction of the core mold 1 when the carbon fiber net tires are wound once, the Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced, and the surface density of the carbon fiber net tires is 40g/m2And needling density of 30 cm/cm2The needling depth is 15 mm; the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size is prepared by repeating the processes, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.46 g/cm3。
The carbon fiber spring preform prepared in the previous step is subjected to chemical vapor deposition, and the volume density of the deposited carbon/carbon composite material spring blank is 1.2 g/cm3(ii) a Then, putting the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank into a high-temperature furnace, heating under a vacuum condition to remove impurities and graphitize, wherein the temperature is 2200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours; finally, the coil spring is machined to the desired dimensions.
In order to determine a suitable range of the ratio of the number of the continuous carbon fibers in the helical line direction of the spring to the number of the continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the coil spring, in the embodiment, when preparing the cylindrical coil spring with the outer diameter of 48 mm, the inner diameter of 26 mm, the free height of 70 mm, the pitch of 20 mm and the pitch of 10 mm, the coil spring processed under the condition of different ratios is tested (equipment: a universal electronic mechanical testing machine; test condition: a pressurization rate of 5 mm/min), the number of the continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring can be adjusted through the surface density of the carbon fiber cloth, and the test result is shown in table 2.
Table 2:
Figure 931042DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
as can be seen from table 2, although the test pieces numbered 1, 2, and 3 incorporate Z-direction carbon fibers, the ratio of continuous long fibers in the spiral direction is low, the deformability is poor, and the stress curve of the coil spring during the test is nonlinear and is liable to be broken. And the stress curve of the spiral spring is linear when the test piece with the serial number of 4 to 9 is tested, so that the test piece has better performance. Meanwhile, as can be seen from table 2, the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the coil spring is 1: preferably 0 to 1; the preferred ratio is 1: 0 to 1/2; in combination with other properties, the optimal ratio is 1: 1/2.
In the embodiment, the continuous carbon fibers are introduced in the axis direction of the spring while the Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced in the axis direction of the spring in a direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the spring, so that the interlayer combination is good while the coil direction of the coil spring is ensured to be complete and continuous long fibers, the mechanical property of the prepared carbon-based composite material coil spring is good, and the elastic constant can reach 0.1 kg/mm to 2 kg/mm.
The same as in example 1.
Example 4:
according to the invention, after the step ⑵, the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring body is prepared by impregnating and cracking the carbon/carbon composite material spring body with silicon-containing resin or carrying out trichloromethylsilane chemical vapor deposition or reaction melt infiltration silicon, wherein the volume density of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring body is 1.6 g/cm3～2.6g/㎝3。
In this embodiment, after the carbon fiber spring preform is subjected to chemical vapor deposition, trichloromethylsilane is then subjected to chemical vapor deposition to prepare a carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring green body, wherein the volume density of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring green body is 2.0 g/cm3。
The elastic constant of the helical spring of the carbon-based composite material prepared by the embodiment can reach 1.0 kg/mm to 5.0 kg/mm.
The same as in example 1.
Example 5:
in this embodiment, on a cylindrical core mold, a plurality of parallel carbon fiber bundles having the width of the spiral groove 2 are first wound on the spiral groove 2 of the core mold 1 for 1 week or a multiple of 1 week (1 week in this embodiment), the continuous long fibers of the carbon fiber bundles run in the same direction as the spiral direction of the spring, and then a carbon fiber net blank having the width of the spiral groove is wound on the spiral groove 2 of the core mold 1 for 1 week or a multiple of 1 week (1 week in this embodiment), the number of the wound carbon fiber bundles and the number of the carbon fiber bundles are woundThe winding cycle number of the net tire is the same, and the surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 60g/m2(ii) a Then needling is carried out along the radial direction of the core die 1, and the needling density is 30 cm/cm2The needling depth is 15 mm, and Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced in the direction vertical to the axis of the spiral spring; the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size is prepared by repeating the processes, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.46 g/cm3。
The same as in example 1.
Example 6:
in this embodiment, on a cylindrical mandrel, a plurality of parallel carbon fiber bundles with the width of a helical groove are wound on the helical groove 2 of the mandrel 1 for 1 week or a multiple of 1 week (1 week in this embodiment), and the direction of continuous long carbon fiber bundles is consistent with the helical direction of a spring; then, the carbon fiber net tire, the carbon fiber cloth and the carbon fiber net tire with the spiral groove width are respectively and one by one wound on the spiral groove of the core mold, the number of the windings is also 1 week or a multiple of 1 week (in the embodiment, each of the windings is 1 week), the direction of continuous long fibers of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the axial direction of the core mold 1 when the carbon fiber cloth is wound, the carbon fiber cloth is carbon fiber plain cloth, and the surface density is 400g/m2(ii) a Meanwhile, each time the carbon fiber net tire is wound, needling is carried out along the radial direction of the core mold 1, Z-direction carbon fibers are introduced, and the surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 40g/m2And needling density of 30 cm/cm2The needling depth is 15 mm; the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size is prepared by repeating the processes, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.50 g/cm3。
The same as in example 3.

Claims (8)

1. A production method of a carbon-based composite material spiral spring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
making a blank: firstly, winding a carbon fiber bundle or a carbon fiber cloth with the width of a spiral groove on the spiral groove of the core mold, wherein the width of the spiral groove is the same as that of the spiral of the spring, the direction of the continuous long fiber of the carbon fiber bundle or the carbon fiber cloth is the same as the direction of the spiral of the spring, then winding a carbon fiber net tire with the width of the spiral groove on the spiral groove of the core mold, performing needling along the radial direction of the core mold, and introducing Z-direction carbon fibers; the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of the carbon fibers in the Z direction in the spiral spring is 1: 0.01 to 0.4; repeating the processes to prepare a carbon fiber spring preform with a required size;
the surface density of the carbon fiber net tire is 10g/m2～100g/m2Needling density of 10 times/cm2About 40 times per cm2The needling depth is 6-25 mm, and the volume density of the carbon fiber spring preform is 0.3 g/cm3～0.6g/㎝3；
⑵, densifying, namely preparing the carbon fiber spring preform prepared in the step ⑴ into a carbon/carbon composite material spring green body through chemical vapor deposition or/and liquid phase impregnation carbonization, wherein the volume density of the carbon/carbon composite material spring green body is 0.8 g/cm3～1.5g/㎝3；
Machining: and processing the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank obtained in the step two into the spiral spring according to the required size.
2. The production method of the carbon-based composite material spiral spring according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of winding a carbon fiber bundle or a carbon fiber cloth with the width of a spiral groove on the spiral groove, then respectively winding a carbon fiber net tire, the carbon fiber cloth and the carbon fiber net tire with the width of the spiral groove on the spiral groove one by one, wherein the direction of continuous long fibers of the carbon fiber cloth is consistent with the axial direction of a core mold during winding, and simultaneously, needling is performed along the radial direction of the core mold every time the carbon fiber net tire is wound, so that Z-direction fibers are introduced; and repeating the processes to prepare the carbon fiber spring preform with the required size.
3. The method for producing the carbon-based composite material helical spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the step ⑵, the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring green body is prepared by impregnating and cracking the carbon/carbon composite material spring green body with silicon-containing resin or performing chemical vapor deposition or reaction infiltration silicon on trichloromethylsilane, and the volume density of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material spring green body is 1.6 g/cm3～2.6g/㎝3。
4. The production method of the carbon-based composite material spiral spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the step III, the carbon/carbon composite material spring blank prepared in the step II is placed into a high-temperature furnace, and is heated under a vacuum condition for impurity removal and graphitization treatment, wherein the temperature is 1800-2800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-15 h.
5. A carbon-based composite material coil spring produced by the method for producing a carbon-based composite material coil spring as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the coil spring is 1: 0.01 to 0.4; the elastic constant of the spiral spring is 0.1 kg/mm to 5.0 kg/mm.
6. A carbon-based composite material coil spring according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial direction of the spring in said coil spring is 1: 0 to 1.
7. A carbon-based composite material coil spring according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the coil spring is preferably 1: 0.05 to 0.2; the optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 0 to 1/2.
8. A carbon-based composite material coil spring according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral direction of the spring to the number of carbon fibers in the Z direction in the coil spring is optimally 1: 0.1; the optimal ratio of the number of continuous carbon fibers in the spiral line direction of the spring to the number of continuous carbon fibers in the axial line direction of the spring in the spiral spring is 1: 1/2.
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