CN107284135B - Steering drive axle with normal ground clearance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a steering drive axle with normal ground clearance, which comprises a front axle housing, the middle of which is hinged with a bracket through a swing shaft and a front axle support; Steering knuckles are hinged on the outer side of the casing, hinged tie rods are arranged between the end casings on both sides and the bracket, and steering tie rods are hinged between the steering knuckles on both sides; the main reducer and differential assembly are installed in the front axle housing And the two inner half shafts connected with the differential assembly, the two inner half shafts are connected to the outer half shafts on both sides through universal joints. The advantage of the present invention is that the angle between the wheel and the front axle housing can be changed accordingly on irregular ground or sloping ground, so that it can be self-leveled in accordance with the posture of the vehicle body with a large slope, and can also strengthen the relationship between the tire and the ground. The contact surface enhances the safety and stability of driving and operation. And this bridge is a driving bridge, which ensures the large driving force of the vehicle and the ability to overcome obstacles and prevent skidding.

Description

A Steering Drive Axle with Normal Ground Clearance

technical field

The invention relates to a vehicle steering axle, in particular to a normal clearance steering drive axle.

Background technique

Hilly and mountainous areas are mostly dominated by irregular ground, slopes and other ground. When traditional tractors are transferred in hilly areas and farmland operations, the terrain and ground-induced changes in tractor attitude are complex and changeable. The driving stability of the unit is poor, and the safety of the driver is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, in order to ensure the adaptability of the tractor in the mountains and realize the self-leveling of the tractor body on the slope, a new type of steering axle is needed, which can automatically adapt to the road surface and can cooperate with the attitude active leveling device and the running mechanism to level the body.

The land in hilly and mountainous areas is usually uneven, and each tire cannot fully contact the ground when the tractor is operating, resulting in a decrease in power and driving stability. Therefore need a kind of novel steering axle, can fully contact with making tire and ground.

All-wheel drive vehicles have greater driving force and the ability to overcome obstacles and prevent skidding. In many all-wheel drive tractors, the front axle also serves as the drive axle in addition to the steering axle.

However, the existing tractor front axle cannot ensure that each tire is in full contact with the ground while adapting to the ground, which easily leads to poor stability, easy rollover and other safety hazards.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a steering drive axle with normal ground clearance, which can adapt to irregular road conditions and slopes, and can ensure that the tires are fully in contact with the ground, and can be adjusted with the vehicle body posture to maintain the stability of the vehicle body.

The present invention is a steering drive axle with normal ground clearance, which includes a front axle housing, and the center of the front axle housing is hinged with a bracket through a swing shaft and a front axle bracket, wherein the front axle bracket is fixedly connected with the bracket to ensure that the front axle The housing can rotate around the fuselage; the two ends of the front axle housing are connected with a terminal assembly, and the terminal assembly includes a terminal housing connected to the end of the front axle housing and a steering knuckle, and a steering knuckle is connected on the outer side of the terminal housing.

Further, the front axle housing is an integral axle housing, and the front axle housing is horizontal.

Further, the end housing is hinged with the front axle housing to ensure that the end housing can rotate around the front axle housing; the steering knuckle is hinged to the end housing to ensure that the steering knuckle can rotate around the end housing; Tie rods are hinged between the end shell and the bracket, and steering tie rods are hinged between the steering knuckles on both sides.

Further, the two ends of the pull rod are respectively hinged with the end housing and the bracket, and the front axle housing is respectively hinged with the end housing and the front axle support. As the angle changes, it can be self-leveled with a large slope body posture, and can adapt to irregular ground, and can also increase the contact area between the tire and the ground, enhancing driving safety and driving stability;

Furthermore, the front axle housing, the end housing, the bracket and the tie rod are hinged in a quadrilateral shape, which ensures the stability of the mechanism;

Further, the front axle housing is equipped with the main reducer and differential assembly, the inner half shafts on both sides connected with the final drive and differential assembly, and the inner half shafts connected to the inner half shafts on both sides through inner universal joints. The middle half shafts on both sides are connected to the outer half shafts on both sides through the outer universal joints on both sides; the power is transmitted to the left and right inner half shafts and the left and right inner half shafts through the final drive and differential assembly. The right inner universal joint and the left and right intermediate shafts are passed to the left and right outer universal joints and the left and right outer half shafts (transmission shafts) to the left and right two hubs to rotate the driving wheels.

Further, both the end housing and the steering knuckle are hollow, and the hinge axis (rotation axis) between the front axle housing and the end housing and the hinge axis (king pin axis) between the steering knuckle and the end housing ) intersects at the center of the outer gimbal. As a result, kinematic interventions for automatic adaptation to road conditions, drive and steering are avoided.

A steering drive axle with a normal ground clearance of the present invention has the advantages of:

1. The present invention is a steering drive axle with normal ground clearance. The front axle housing can rotate around the center swing axis, and can also rotate around the front and rear rotation axes of the end housing, so as to ensure that the front axle housing can automatically adapt to irregular road conditions or slopes Waiting for working conditions.

2. A steering drive axle with normal ground clearance in the present invention, the tie rod is hinged between the end shell and the bracket, so that the angle between the wheel and the axle can change with the road conditions, and the contact area between the tire and the ground can be enhanced, and the automatic Keep the body stable while adapting to the road conditions.

3. The steering drive axle with normal ground clearance of the present invention, the tie rod and the axle are hinged to form a quadrilateral, which ensures that the mechanism can stably adapt to changes in road conditions.

4. A steering drive axle with normal ground clearance in the present invention, wherein the kingpin axis, the axis of the rotating shaft hinged by the front axle housing and the end housing intersect at one point, and the cross cardan shaft axis of the universal joint can avoid steering, The movement does not interfere during the process of driving and automatically adapting to the ground, and it also ensures that the power is not interrupted during the steering process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the patent of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a front view of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the front axle housing and the bracket.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the attitude adjustment mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the steering system in Fig. 1 .

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the driving scheme.

The specific labels in the figure are as follows:

1. Left steering knuckle 2. Left end housing 3. Left tie rod 4. Bracket

5. Right tie rod 6. Right end housing 7. Right steering knuckle 8. Front axle housing

9. Front axle bracket 10. Steering tie rod 11. Right bolt 12. Left bolt

13. Inner pin shaft of right tie rod 14. Outer pin shaft of right tie rod

15. Rotation shaft 16. Left pin shaft 17. Left kingpin 18. Right kingpin

19. Right pin shaft 20. Left rotation shaft 21. Left outer half shaft 22. Left outer universal joint

23. Left central half shaft 24. Left inner universal joint 25. Left inner half shaft

Detailed ways

Below through accompanying drawing and embodiment, further set forth the present invention. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, those skilled in the art would realize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, a steering drive axle with normal ground clearance, its external devices include: front axle housing 8, bracket 4, front axle bracket 9, steering tie rod 10, left tie rod 3, right Pull rod 5, left end housing 2, right end housing 6, left steering knuckle 1, right steering knuckle 7. Wherein, the front axle housing 8 is an integral axle housing and is horizontal.

As shown in Figure 4, the steering drive axle of this kind of high ground clearance includes a front axle housing 8, and the middle of the front axle housing 8 is hinged with the bracket 4 through the swing shaft and the front axle bracket 9, wherein the front axle bracket 9 and the bracket 4 The left bolt 12 and the right bolt 11 are fixedly connected to ensure that the front axle housing 8 can rotate around the bracket 4 .

As shown in Figure 5, the right end housing 6 is hinged at the end of the front axle housing 8, the end of the front axle housing 8 is provided with a pin hole, and the pin hole is horizontal, and the right end housing 6 passes through the rotating shaft 15 around the front The axle housing 8 rotates. The right side of the bracket 4 is provided with a pin seat cavity, and the upper end of the right end housing 6 is provided with a pin seat cavity, and the inner pin shaft 13 of the right tie rod and the outer pin shaft 14 of the right tie rod are both horizontal, and the inner side of the right tie rod 5 passes through The inner pin shaft 13 of the right tie rod is hinged with the bracket 4, and the outer side of the right tie rod 5 is hinged with the right end housing 6 through the outer pin shaft 14 of the right tie rod. The front axle housing 8, the right end housing 6, the right tie rod 5, and the bracket 4 are hinged to form a quadrilateral, forming a posture adjustment mechanism to ensure the stability of the movement of the mechanism.

Similar to the structure in Fig. 5 above, the left end housing 2 is hinged at the end of the front axle housing 8, the end of the front axle housing 8 is provided with a pin hole, and the pin hole is horizontal, and the left end housing 2 is wound around the front through the pin shaft. The axle housing 8 rotates. The left side of the bracket 4 is provided with a pin seat cavity, and the upper end of the left end shell 2 is provided with a pin seat cavity, and the set pin shafts are all horizontal, and the two ends of the left pull rod 3 are respectively hinged with the end shell 6 and the bracket 4 . The front axle housing 8, the left end housing 2, the left tie rod 5, and the bracket 4 are hinged to form a quadrilateral, forming an attitude adjustment mechanism to ensure the stability of the movement of the mechanism.

The above-mentioned device ensures that when the road conditions such as irregular ground or sloping ground, since the front axle housing 8 can rotate around the bracket 4, the right end housing 6 (or the left end housing 2) can be around the front axle housing 8 turns, the angle between the right end housing 6 (or left end housing 2) and the front axle housing 8 changes accordingly, and the angle between the right wheel (or right wheel) and the front axle housing 8 changes with the The change enables it to be self-leveling with a large slope body posture, and can adapt to irregular ground, and can also increase the contact area between the tire and the ground, and enhance driving safety and driving stability.

As shown in Figure 6, the right end housing 6 is hinged with a right steering knuckle 7, the upper and lower ends of the right steering knuckle 7 are provided with pin holes, the right end housing 6 is a hollow structure, and the upper and lower ends of the right end housing 6 are provided with pin holes. Right kingpin 18 is arranged, and right steering knuckle 7 rotates around right end housing 6 . A left steering knuckle 1 is hinged on the outside of the left end shell 2, and the upper and lower ends of the left steering knuckle 1 are provided with pin shaft holes. The left steering knuckle 1 rotates around the left end housing 2 . A steering tie rod 10 is provided between the right steering knuckle 7 and the left steering knuckle 1, and both ends of the steering tie rod 10 are provided with a pin seat cavity. Steering knuckle 1 and steering knuckle 7 are hinged. When the vehicle turns, the steering tie rod 10 drives the right steering knuckle 7 to rotate around the right end housing 6, and simultaneously drives the left steering knuckle 1 to rotate around the left end housing 2. The right steering knuckle 7 drives the right wheel, and the left steering knuckle 1 Drive the left wheel to realize the steering of the whole vehicle. When not turning, the right steering knuckle 7 is equivalent to fixed connection with the right end steering, and the left steering knuckle 1 is equivalent to fixed connection with the left end transmission.

As shown in Figure 7, the final drive and differential assembly are housed in the front axle housing, the left inner half shaft 25 connected with the final drive and differential assembly and the right inner half shaft, connected with the inner half shaft The left inner universal joint 24 and the right inner universal joint, the mechanism of the final drive and the differential assembly and its connecting structure with the half shaft are all prior art, so they will not be repeated here. The power is transmitted to the left inner half shaft 25, the left inner universal joint 24 and the left middle half shaft 23 through the drive shaft, the main reducer and the differential assembly, and then to the left outer universal joint 22 and the left outer half shaft 21 (Transmission shaft) drives the left wheel hub, and the right side has the same structure to drive the wheels to rotate. The connection mechanism between the left and right outer half shafts and the wheels is a prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

As shown in Figure 1-6, the rotation axis of the front axle housing 8 and the right end housing 6 is the right rotation axis 15, and the rotation axis of the right steering knuckle 7 and the right end housing 6 is the kingpin axis of the right kingpin 18 . The axis of rotation of the front axle housing 8 and the left end housing 2 is the left axis of rotation 20, and the axis of rotation of the left knuckle 1 and the left end housing 2 is the kingpin axis of the left kingpin 17. The axis of rotation and the axis of the kingpin intersect at the center of the outer universal joint, which can avoid the non-interference of movement during the process of steering, driving and automatic adaptation to the ground, and also ensures that the power is not interrupted during the steering process.

Claims (1)

1. A steering drive axle with normal ground clearance is characterized in that: the steering drive axle comprises a front axle shell which is an integral axle shell; the middle of the front axle shell is hinged with the bracket through a swing shaft and a front axle bracket; the front axle bracket is fixedly connected with the bracket to ensure that the front axle shell can rotate around the machine body; the two ends of the front axle shell are connected with tail end assemblies, each tail end assembly comprises a tail end shell and a steering knuckle, and the tail end shell is connected with the tail end of the front axle shell; the tail end shell is hinged with the front axle shell, the steering knuckles are hinged with the tail end shell, pull rods are hinged between the tail end shells on two sides and the bracket, and steering tie rods are hinged between the steering knuckles on two sides;

the front axle housing is internally provided with a main speed reducer, a differential assembly, two side inner half shafts connected with the main speed reducer and the differential assembly, and two side middle half shafts connected with the two side inner half shafts through two side inner universal joints, wherein the two side middle half shafts are connected with two side outer half shafts through two side outer universal joints;

the front axle housing is horizontal;

the front axle shell, the tail end shell, the bracket and the pull rod are hinged to form a quadrilateral shape, so that the stability of the mechanism is ensured;

the front axle shell and tail end shell hinge axis and the steering knuckle and tail end shell hinge axis intersect at the center of the outer universal joint;

the half shafts on two sides are respectively divided into an inner half shaft, a middle half shaft and an outer half shaft, the inner half shaft and the middle half shaft are connected through an inner universal joint, and the middle half shaft and the outer half shaft are connected through an outer universal joint.