CN107283872A - The ply sequence and manufacture method of a kind of electronic racing car monocoque body - Google Patents

The ply sequence and manufacture method of a kind of electronic racing car monocoque body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107283872A
CN107283872A CN201710657446.5A CN201710657446A CN107283872A CN 107283872 A CN107283872 A CN 107283872A CN 201710657446 A CN201710657446 A CN 201710657446A CN 107283872 A CN107283872 A CN 107283872A
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carbon fiber
laying
fiber skin
test specimen
monocoque body
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CN107283872B (en
Inventor
胡志力
王广启
朱庆良
邱文科
邵建波
郭文辉
潘童雨
叶海涛
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/20Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055Cars
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0023Bending
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025Shearing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of ply sequence of electronic racing car monocoque body and manufacture method, the body material for making the monocoque body is combined by two layers of carbon fiber skin and laminboard layer, laminboard layer is honeycomb aluminum or PVC structural foams, monocoque body is divided into six kinds of carbon fiber skin ply sequence regions according to different structure and mechanical property requirements, releasing agent is coated in manufacturing process on mould, then first layer carbon fiber skin has been coated with it according to the ply sequence of design, then mould is put into vacuum bag and vacuumized and hot-forming, afterwards by honeycomb aluminum or PVC structural foams by glue-film stickup on first layer carbon fiber skin, second layer carbon fiber skin has been coated with according to design, it is put into vacuum bag and vacuumizes and hot-forming in the same way, the demoulding obtains electronic racing car monocoque body afterwards.The present invention is being obviously improved the rigidity of vehicle body, intensity, safety coefficient and and is reaching light-weighted target while excellent shock absorption and energy-absorbing effect.

Description

The ply sequence and manufacture method of a kind of electronic racing car monocoque body
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electronic racing car monocoque body field of university student, more particularly to a kind of electronic racing car monocoque body Ply sequence and manufacture method.
Background technology
Nowadays motor sport, which more and more turns into the weight of racing car in important sports, motor sport, becomes energy The no key factor got good grades, wherein target of the loss of weight of racing body into numerous fleets.Current racing car generally makes With steel pipe truss formula vehicle frame and carbon fiber skin vehicle body, kerb weight is excessive, torsional rigidity, intensity with outstanding energy absorption Ability can not be met simultaneously, it is impossible to light-weighted effect be reached while vehicle security is improved, in addition currently without correlation Disclosed general method of testing, which carrys out science, to be proved monocoque construction security therefore is badly in need of a kind of electronic racing car bearing-type The method of testing of body structure security, it is ensured that the security performance of racing car.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the overall torsional rigidity of existing Non-carrying type racing body is too small, energy absorbing efficiency Difference, the larger defect of quality provide the ply sequence of a kind of carbon fiber, honeycomb aluminum and PVC foam core materials, reduce electronic racing car car Preferable mechanical property and security are obtained while body quality.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electronic racing car to hold The method of testing of load formula body structure security, it is ensured that the security performance of racing car.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of ply sequence of electronic racing car monocoque body, it is characterised in that:Make the vehicle body material of the monocoque body Material is combined by two layers of carbon fiber skin and laminboard layer, and the laminboard layer is honeycomb aluminum or PVC structural foams, according to different Monocoque body is divided into polylith region difference on polylith region, monocoque body and uses six altogether by structure and mechanical property requirements Carbon fiber skin ply sequence is planted, different zones and the ply sequence corresponding relation of monocoque body are shown in Table 1, every kind of ply sequence Middle carbon fibre initial rinse fabric ply stacking-sequence is shown in Table 2:
The ply sequence that the different zones of the monocoque body of table 1. are used
Laying code name Laying is distributed
Laying one Dividing plate before front deck
Laying two Front deck or so panel, cockpit lower panel, battery flat top panel
Laying three Cockpit or so panel the latter half
Laying four Front deck upper and lower panel
Laying five Cockpit or so panel top half
Laying six Battery flat or so panel, battery flat lower panel, motor room panel up and down
Table 2
Laying code name Ply stacking-sequence
Laying one [45F/04/90/04/90/04/90/04/45F/Core/45F/03/90/04/90/04/90/03/45F]
Laying two [45F/03/0F/03/0F/03/45F/CorePVC/45F/03/0F/03/45F]
Laying three [45F/902/0F/90/45F/CorePVC/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
Laying four [45F/902/0F/90/45F/Core/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
Laying five [45F/03/0F/02/45F/Core/45F/02/0F/0/45F]
Laying six [45F/903/0F/902/45F/Core/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
In table 2:It is honeycomb aluminum, Core that Core, which represents sandwich layer material,PVCIt is PVC structural foams to represent sandwich layer material;
It is to be before Core or CorePVC after inner first layer carbon fiber skin ply stacking-sequence, Core or CorePVC The ply stacking-sequence of outer second layer carbon fiber skin, with/represent between carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying in carbon fiber skin Interval;
Above there is the expression ply stacking angle of numeral in each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, 0,45 and 90 represent carbon fiber respectively Prepreg cloth is laid for 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree along machine direction;
In each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, there is F to represent plain, F is not marked for unidirectional cloth;
In each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, cloth of the same race two layers of carbon fibre initial rinse of continuous laying is represented at additional subscript Cloth, the only laying individual layer carbon fibre initial rinse fabric without subscript;
Angle explanation:It is 0 ° of direction along body structure to the horizontal axis of rear end, angle is positive and negative to be defined as:Offset up for Just, it is negative to offset downward as negative or skew to the left, and skew is just to the right.
As an improvement, built-in fitting load tie point laying carries out local reinforcement, the laying of strengthening course on monocoque body Sequentially it is:0/90/45/-45, the strengthening course is symmetrically added on inside and outside two layers of carbon fiber skin.
A kind of manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body, it is characterised in that will constitute inside and outside the monocoque body Two layers of carbon fiber skin is designated as first layer carbon fiber skin and second layer carbon fiber skin respectively, and specific preparation method is as follows:
Step 1: the die surface in manufacture monocoque body coats releasing agent;
Step 2: corresponding position requires to carry out multilayer carbon according to different on mould according to carbon fiber skin Lay up design Fiber prepreg is coated with, and forms first layer carbon fiber skin;
Step 3: being coated with release cloth on the first layer carbon fiber skin surface being coated with;
Step 4: the above-mentioned mould for being coated with first layer carbon fiber skin is put into vacuum bag, and pass through vacuum pumping Vacuum, tests vacuum and meets requirement afterwards;
It is hot pressed into Step 5: the mould that first layer carbon fiber skin is covered after above-mentioned vacuumize is put into autoclave Vacuum bag is removed after type, hot pressing, release cloth is removed, the monocoque body of first layer carbon fiber skin composition is obtained;
Step 6: being all coated with glued membrane on the first layer carbon fiber skin surface for removing release cloth, it is coated with glued membrane It is connected between aluminium honeycomb, aluminium honeycomb by structure glue;
Step 7: according to above-mentioned monocoque body carbon fiber skin Lay up design, in the aluminium honeycomb table of mould respective regions Require that carrying out carbon fibre initial rinse fabric is coated with, and forms second layer carbon fiber skin according to different on face;
Step 8: being coated with release cloth on the second layer carbon fiber skin surface being coated with;
Step 9: the mould for being coated with second layer carbon fiber skin is put into very according to above-mentioned steps four and step 5 method In empty bag, it is put into hot-forming in autoclave after vacuumizing, removes vacuum bag after hot pressing, remove release cloth, completed after the demoulding Monocoque body makes.
As an improvement, in step one, what it is in die surface coating is chemical releasing agent six layers thin, per stratification releasing agent Between minimum interval 15 minutes, last stratification releasing agent at least wants 1 hour can just carry out next step afterwards after being painted with.
As an improvement, step 4 neutralization procedure nine, has at the injustice of turning on monocoque body surface, vacuum bag is folded, Vacuum bag is kept to be in close contact with the carbon fiber skin surfacing covered with release cloth.
As an improvement, in step 4, the vacuum monitor duration is not less than 20 minutes after to bag vacuum.
As an improvement, in step 5 and step 9, hot pressing is carried out using the technological parameter set in autoclave, specific temperature Spending parameter is:Constant-speed heating is warming up to constant-speed heating in 15 DEG C, 30 minutes and is warming up to 85 DEG C in 2 minutes, is kept for 85 DEG C, during constant temperature Between be warming up to 120 DEG C for constant-speed heating in 50-90 minute, afterwards 13 minutes, kept for 120 DEG C, constant temperature time is that 100-150 divides Clock, 60 DEG C are at the uniform velocity cooled in last 12 minutes;Pressure parameter runs in 2-5 minutes, 2 minutes for 0KPa and is at the uniform velocity pressurized to 200KPa, keeps 200KPa, and constant voltage time is at the uniform velocity to be depressured to 0KPa in 210-260 minutes, afterwards 2 minutes.
As an improvement, in step 8, on the release cloth on second layer carbon fiber skin surface being coated with one layer again can absorb The suction rubber mat of Excess resin on carbon fibre initial rinse fabric.
A kind of Testing Method of Safety of electronic racing car monocoque body, it is characterised in that the security performance test side Method includes the testing of materials, and the testing of materials is the body material test specimen for taking the above-mentioned monocoque body of polylith, then to vehicle body material Expect that test specimen carries out three-point bend test and circumferential shear test;
The three-point bend test uses microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester, and loading seaming chuck is the hemispheric ball in end Face the column indenter indentation, its radius is R1, bearing is that fillet bearing radius is r1, bearing span L=400mm, the loading seaming chuck amount of feeding For 5mm/min, comprise the following steps that:
A. body material test specimen outward appearance and state are checked, it is intact certified products to confirm body material test specimen;
B. by qualified body material test specimen numbering, line, measurement body material test specimen middle(-)third span is appointed Anticipate 3 points of thickness h, take arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, computational accuracy is 0.01mm;
C. the position of regulation span L and seaming chuck, accurately to 0.5mm, loads seaming chuck and is located in the middle of bearing, and make pressure Head is parallel with the chamfering face of cylinder axis of bearing;
D. body material test specimen tension face is marked, body material test specimen is symmetrically placed on two bearings;
E. the instrument for measuring deformation is placed at span centre, contacted with body material test specimen lower surface, application is preloaded, examined Instrument is looked into and adjusted, whole system is in normal condition;
F. body material test specimen is continuously loaded, until reaching maximum load, and load declines 30% from maximum load and stopped Only test;
G. experiment 10 times is repeated according to above-mentioned steps, calculates modulus of shearing, excluded abnormal data, take arithmetic mean of instantaneous value;
The circumferential shear test uses compression test, and loading seaming chuck should be the flat punch of cylinder, flat punch end Portion is plane, and cylinder diameter is φ, and bearing is the hollow circuit cylinder platform of an aluminum, and the radius of hollow circuit cylinder platform is R2, in Circle hole radius in the middle of hollow round column platform are r2, cylinder and circular hole coaxial line;It is 20mm/min, tool to load the seaming chuck amount of feeding Body step is as follows:
A. body material test specimen outward appearance and state are checked, it is intact certified products to confirm body material test specimen;
B. by qualified body material test specimen numbering, line, random site in any three side of measurement body material test specimen Thickness, takes arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, and computational accuracy is 0.01mm;
C. loading seaming chuck is located in the middle of bearing, and makes the face of cylinder coaxial line of loading seaming chuck and bearing;
D. body material test specimen tension face is marked, body material test specimen is symmetrically placed on bearing;
E. body material test specimen is continuously loaded, until body material test specimen is completely penetrated;
F. experiment 10 times is repeated according to above-mentioned steps, the load-deflection curve recorded according to equipment calculates elasticity of flexure mould Amount and maximum stress in bend, exclude abnormal data, take arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
As an improvement, the Testing Method of Safety also includes sunykatuib analysis, concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) after the testing of materials terminates, constantly laying scheme is optimized according to result that is measured or calculating, selected Go out the more excellent design of monocoque body respective regions;
(2) racing car appearance and modeling modeling is carried out with 3 d modeling software CATIA, ALIAS;
(3) measured by the testing of materials or obtained mechanics parameter will be calculated it is input in ANSYS, with ANSYS to racing car Vehicle various working simulated, carried out so as to adjust electronic racing car each region laying and corresponding construction under various working Improve;
(4) ply sequence is improved with after structure, meeting monocoque body mechanical property according to software sunykatuib analysis result Design requirement, i.e., under various working, monocoque body any part deformation quantity is no more than 25mm, and any one structure division is not Fail.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The ply sequence is used as the respective mechanics of laminboard layer by the use of honeycomb aluminum and PVC foams Advantage, provides varying strength with reference to vehicle different zones mechanical property requirements, is obviously improved the electronic racing car bearing-type car of university student The rigidity of body, intensity, safety coefficient and and reach light-weighted target while excellent shock absorption and energy-absorbing effect, carry The method of testing of formula body structure security provide carbon fiber aluminum honeycomb composite materials property testing equipment and Step, while also giving the security simulation softward and safety post of carbon fiber aluminum honeycomb composite monocoque body It is accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is body material structural representation.
Fig. 2 is monocoque body laying distribution mode front-view schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is monocoque body laying distribution mode schematic top plan view.
Fig. 4 is monocoque body laying distribution mode left view schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that the monocoque body laying distribution mode right side regards schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is monocoque body laying distribution mode elevational schematic view.
Fig. 7 is three-point bend test schematic front view.
Fig. 8 is three-point bend test left view schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is three-point bend test body material test specimen, loading pressure head and bearing schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is circumferential shear test schematic diagram.
1- first layer carbon fiber skins, 2- second layer carbon fiber skins, 3- laminboard layers, 4- glued membranes, 5- front deck top panels, 6- Dividing plate before front deck, 7- battery flat top panels, 8- motor room top panels, 9- cockpit left panel top halfs, 10- front deck left panels, 11- cockpit left panels the latter half, 12- battery flat left panels, 13- motor room left panels, 14- cockpit right panel top halfs, 15- motor room right panels, 16- battery flat right panels, 17- cockpit right panels the latter half, 18- front deck right panels, 19- motor rooms Lower panel, 20- battery flat lower panels, 21- cockpit lower panels, 22- front deck lower panels, 23- sphere the column indenter indentations, 24- fillet branch Seat, 25- body material test specimens, 26- flat punches, 27- hollow circuit cylinder platforms.
Embodiment
The present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
A kind of ply sequence of electronic racing car monocoque body, the body material for making the monocoque body is fine by two layers of carbon Dimension covering and laminboard layer 3 are combined, and the laminboard layer 3 is honeycomb aluminum or PVC structural foams, according to different structure and mechanics Monocoque body is divided into polylith region difference on polylith region, monocoque body and covered using six kinds of carbon fibers altogether by performance requirement Skin ply sequence, the different zones and ply sequence corresponding relation of monocoque body are as follows:
The ply sequence that the different zones of the monocoque body of table 1. are used
Laying one:Dividing plate 6 before front deck;
Laying two:Front deck left panel 10, front deck right panel 18, cockpit lower panel 21, battery flat top panel 7;
Laying three:Cockpit left panel the latter half 11, cockpit right panel the latter half 17;
Laying four:Front deck top panel 5, front deck lower panel 22;
Laying five:Cockpit left panel top half 9, cockpit right panel top half 14;
Laying six:Battery flat left panel 12, battery flat right panel 16, battery flat lower panel 20, motor room top panel 8, electricity Cabin lower panel 19, motor room left panel 13, motor room right panel 15;
Carbon fibre initial rinse fabric ply stacking-sequence is shown in Table 2 in every kind of ply sequence:
Table 2
Laying code name Ply stacking-sequence
Laying one [45F/04/90/04/90/04/90/04/45F/Core/45F/03/90/04/90/04/90/03/45F]
Laying two [45F/03/0F/03/0F/03/45F/CorePVC/45F/03/0F/03/45F]
Laying three [45F/902/0F/90/45F/CorePVC/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
Laying four [45F/902/0F/90/45F/Core/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
Laying five [45F/03/0F/02/45F/Core/45F/02/0F/0/45F]
Laying six [45F/903/0F/902/45F/Core/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
In table 2:It is honeycomb aluminum, Core that Core, which represents the material of laminboard layer 3,PVCIt is PVC structural foams to represent the material of laminboard layer 3;
It is to be before Core or CorePVC after inner first layer carbon fiber skin ply stacking-sequence, Core or CorePVC The ply stacking-sequence of outer second layer carbon fiber skin, with/represent between carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying in carbon fiber skin Interval;
Above there is the expression ply stacking angle of numeral in each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, 0,45 and 90 represent carbon fiber respectively Prepreg cloth is laid for 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree along machine direction;
In each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, there is F to represent plain, F is not marked for unidirectional cloth;
In each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, cloth of the same race two layers of carbon fibre initial rinse of continuous laying is represented at additional subscript Cloth, the only laying individual layer carbon fibre initial rinse fabric without subscript;
Angle explanation:It is 0 ° of direction along body structure to the horizontal axis of rear end, angle is positive and negative to be defined as:Offset up for Just, it is negative to offset downward as negative or skew to the left, and skew is just to the right.
The patent material therefor attribute of the present invention of table 3.:
Title material Material specifying information
Plain The trade mark is 2554-C03303200, and carbon fiber is TC33-3K, unit area weight 200g/m2.
Unidirectional cloth The trade mark is 2554-C03612075, and carbon fiber is TC36S-12K, unit area weight 75g/m2.
Honeycomb aluminum Material is 5052 aluminium, honeybee lattice length of side 4mm, wall thickness 0.1mm.
PVC structural foams Laminboard layer thickness has 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, density 80kg/m3.
Preferably, built-in fitting load tie point laying carries out local reinforcement, the laying of strengthening course on monocoque body Sequentially it is:0/90/45/-45, the strengthening course is symmetrically added on inside and outside two layers of carbon fiber skin.
A kind of manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body, will constitute two layers of carbon fiber inside and outside the monocoque body and covers Skin is designated as first layer carbon fiber skin 1 and second layer carbon fiber skin 2 respectively, and specific preparation method is as follows:
Step 1: the die surface in manufacture monocoque body coats chemical releasing agent six layers thin, the demoulding per stratification Minimum interval 15 minutes between agent, last stratification releasing agent can just carry out next after at least being wanted after being painted with 1 hour Step, mold material is aluminium, and length is more than 800mm, and width is more than 600mm, the smooth no concave-convex of surfacing;
Step 2: corresponding position requires to carry out multilayer carbon according to different on mould according to carbon fiber skin Lay up design Fiber prepreg is coated with, and forms first layer carbon fiber skin 1;
Step 3: being coated with release cloth on the surface of first layer carbon fiber skin 1 being coated with;Ensure that release cloth can cover Lid carbon fibre initial rinse fabric, is generally cut into more bigger than the area of carbon fibre initial rinse fabric, and length is about 850mm, and width is about 650mm.The step purpose is convenient by used in carbon fiber skin and manufacturing process after the completion of the resin solidification in carbon fiber Other materials separation.
Step 4: the above-mentioned mould for being coated with first layer carbon fiber skin 1 is put into vacuum bag, and pass through vacuum pumping Vacuum, tests vacuum and meets requirement afterwards;Concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) vacuum valve is placed, vacuum valve is placed on to the surface of release cloth, vacuum valve is a kind of check valve, close for extracting out The domestic air of seal ring, and keep vacuum.
(2) vacuum systems are arranged, sealant tape (being similar to double faced adhesive tape) is pasted onto the edge of mould.Cut one piece and compare mould Has the bigger vacuum bag film of area.Since in corner, the paper at peel seal adhesive tape back presses vacuum bag film, adheres to exposure Sealant tape on.Carbon fiber prepreg is sealed using vacuum bag, fluid sealant, mould.It is preferred that, vacuum bag film, length is about For 1000mm, width is about 800mm.Have on monocoque body surface at the injustice of turning, vacuum bag folded, keep vacuum bag with Carbon fiber skin surfacing covered with release cloth is in close contact.
(3) connection and sealing vacuum valve.All vacuum bag films all heaps are folded, and carbon fibre initial rinse fabric is sealed to vacuum bag In, the breach of vacuum valve interface lane one in vacuum bag film makes vacuum valve interface stretch out vacuum bag film, and will with sealant tape Breach is sealed.Connect the interface of vavuum pump in vacuum valve interface and autoclave.
(4) vavuum pump is opened, air is evacuated, vacuum bag is adjusted.When air is taken away out of vacuum bag, surrounding is moved simultaneously Fixed vacuum bag film, it can be seen that vacuum bag film makes carbon fibre initial rinse fabric tightly be attached to all sites of die surface.
(5) vacuum is tested.The air in vavuum pump and suction ring border is opened, just can be appreciated that the vacuum of vavuum pump shows Show that the vacuum values in instrument are begun to ramp up.When close to perfect vacuum, vacuum values are not rising.At this moment, it should carry out Turn off vavuum pump, continue at least 20 minutes, then meticulous inspection vacuum values;If index decreased, then can determine true Empty bag film has leakage, it is necessary to be adjusted.If endless hermetically sealed, vacuum bag film and sealant tape can be firmly pressed, then Vacuum test is carried out, until being fully sealed.
It is hot pressed into Step 5: the mould that first layer carbon fiber skin 1 is covered after above-mentioned vacuumize is put into autoclave Hot pressing is carried out using the technological parameter set in type, autoclave, and actual temp parameter is:Constant-speed heating is warming up in 2 minutes Constant-speed heating is warming up to 85 DEG C in 15 DEG C, 30 minutes, is kept for 85 DEG C, constant temperature time be in 50-90 minutes, afterwards 13 minutes at the uniform velocity 120 DEG C are heated to, is kept for 120 DEG C, constant temperature time is at the uniform velocity to cool to 60 DEG C in 100-150 minutes, last 12 minutes;Pressure Force parameter runs for 0KPa and 200KPa is at the uniform velocity pressurized in 2-5 minutes, 2 minutes, keeps 200KPa, constant voltage time is 210-260 Minute, at the uniform velocity it is depressured to 0KPa in 2 minutes afterwards.After the completion of hot pressing, mould is taken out from autoclave, vavuum pump is pulled out and connects Mouthful, vacuum bag film is torn from mould, release cloth is removed, the monocoque body of the composition of first layer carbon fiber skin 1 is obtained.Tool Body step is:
1. surrounding edge and the removal of vacuum bag film are cut.
2. the sealant tape of die edge is removed.
3. vacuum valve is removed, the sealant tape being bonded on vacuum valve is removed totally, made so that repeating vacuum valve is repeatable With.
4. release cloth is carefully torn, carbon fiber layer should not be damaged.
Step 6: glued membrane 4 is all coated with the surface of first layer carbon fiber skin 1 for removing release cloth, on the upper berth of glued membrane 4 Aluminium honeycomb is covered, honeycomb aluminum and the first layer carbon fiber skin 1 completed are bonded firmly using glued membrane 4, led between aluminium honeycomb Cross structure glue to be connected, general, aluminium honeycomb material is 5052 aluminium, honeybee lattice length of side 4mm, thickness 0.05mm, and height 5mm~25mm is not Deng depending on monocoque body Lay up design.
Step 7: according to above-mentioned monocoque body carbon fiber skin Lay up design, in the aluminium honeycomb table of mould respective regions Require that carrying out carbon fibre initial rinse fabric is coated with, and forms second layer carbon fiber skin 2 according to different on face;
Step 8: being coated with release cloth on the surface of second layer carbon fiber skin 2 being coated with, generally it is cut into and compares the second layer The area of carbon fiber skin 2 is bigger.It is preferred that, release cloth, length is about 900mm, and width is about 700mm.It is fine in second layer carbon One layer of suction rubber mat is coated with the release cloth on dimension covering 2 surface again, resin unnecessary on carbon fibre initial rinse fabric can be absorbed by inhaling rubber mat
Step 9: the mould for being coated with second layer carbon fiber skin 2 is put into according to above-mentioned steps four and step 5 method In vacuum bag, it is put into hot-forming in autoclave after vacuumizing, removes vacuum bag after hot pressing, remove release cloth, it is complete after the demoulding Made into monocoque body.
It is preferred that, using honeycomb aluminum and PVC structural foams as sandwich, specifically, the material of honeycomb aluminum is 5052 aluminium, honeybee Lattice length of side 4mm, wall thickness 0.1mm.Foam is PVC structural foams, density 80kg/m3.The thickness of laminboard layer 3 have 15mm, 20mm, 25mm。
It is be bonded using structure glue progress between laminboard layer 3 and laminboard layer 3, it is preferred that to use DP460 epoxy resin structurals Glue.
It is preferred that, the glued membrane 4 between honeycomb aluminum and carbon fiber skin uses epoxy jelly membrane 4.
A kind of Testing Method of Safety of electronic racing car monocoque body, the Testing Method of Safety is tried including material Test and sunykatuib analysis, the testing of materials is the body material test specimen 25 for taking the above-mentioned monocoque body of polylith, then to vehicle body material Expect that test specimen 25 carries out three-point bend test and circumferential shear test;
The three-point bend test uses microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester, particularly, is meeting the feelings of experimental condition Also other testing machines can be used under condition;Loading seaming chuck is the hemispheric sphere the column indenter indentation 23 in end, and its radius is R1=(50 ± 0.5) mm, bearing is that the radius of fillet bearing 24 is r1=(5 ± 0.1) mm, bearing span L=400mm, loading seaming chuck feeding Measure as 5mm/min, comprise the following steps that:
A. the outward appearance of body material test specimen 25 and state are checked, it is intact certified products to confirm body material test specimen 25;
B. qualified body material test specimen 25 is numbered, rule, the middle(-)third of measurement body material test specimen 25 across Thickness h away from any 3 points, takes arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, and computational accuracy is 0.01mm;
C. the position of regulation span L and seaming chuck, accurately to 0.5mm, loads seaming chuck and is located in the middle of bearing, and make pressure Head is parallel with the chamfering face of cylinder axis of bearing;
D. the tension face of mark body material test specimen 25, body material test specimen 25 is symmetrically placed on two bearings;
E. the instrument for measuring deformation is placed at span centre, contacted with the lower surface of body material test specimen 25, application is preloaded, Check and adjustment instrument, whole system is in normal condition;
F. body material test specimen 25 is continuously loaded, until reaching maximum load, and load declines 30% from maximum load Stop experiment;
G. experiment 10 times is repeated according to above-mentioned steps, calculates the related mechanics parameter such as modulus of shearing, exclude abnormal data, Take arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
The circumferential shear test uses compression test, particularly, can also be used in the case where meeting experimental condition Other testing machines.Loading seaming chuck should be the flat punch 26 of cylinder, and the end of flat punch 26 is plane, cylinder diameter be φ= (25 ± 0.1) mm, cylinder material selects 40Cr;Bearing is the hollow circuit cylinder platform 27 of an aluminum, hollow circuit cylinder platform 27 Radius is R2Circle hole radius in the middle of=(50 ± 0.5) mm, hollow circuit cylinder platform 27 are r2=(16 ± 0.1) mm, cylinder and circle Hole coaxial line;It is 20mm/min to load the seaming chuck amount of feeding, is comprised the following steps that:
A. the outward appearance of body material test specimen 25 and state are checked, it is intact certified products to confirm body material test specimen 25;
B. qualified body material test specimen 25 is numbered, rule, random order in any three side of measurement body material test specimen 25 The thickness put, takes arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, and computational accuracy is 0.01mm;
C. loading seaming chuck is located in the middle of bearing, and makes the face of cylinder coaxial line of loading seaming chuck and bearing;
D. the tension face of mark body material test specimen 25, body material test specimen 25 is symmetrically placed on bearing;
E. body material test specimen 25 is continuously loaded, until body material test specimen 25 is completely penetrated;
F. experiment 10 times is repeated according to above-mentioned steps, the load-deflection curve recorded according to equipment calculates elasticity of flexure mould Amount mechanics parameter related to maximum stress in bend etc., excludes abnormal data, takes arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
The sunykatuib analysis comprises the following steps:
(1) after the testing of materials terminates, constantly laying scheme is optimized according to result that is measured or calculating, selected Go out the more excellent design of monocoque body respective regions;
(2) racing car appearance and modeling modeling is carried out with 3 d modeling software CATIA, ALIAS;
(3) measured by the testing of materials or obtained mechanics parameter will be calculated it is input in ANSYS, with ANSYS to racing car Vehicle various working simulated, carried out so as to adjust electronic racing car each region laying and corresponding construction under various working Improve;
(4) ply sequence is improved with after structure, meeting monocoque body mechanical property according to software sunykatuib analysis result Design requirement, i.e., under various working, monocoque body any part deformation quantity is no more than 25mm, and any one structure division is not Fail.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other changes in spirit of the invention, these are according to present invention essence certainly The change that god is made, should all be included in scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of ply sequence of electronic racing car monocoque body, it is characterised in that:Make the body material of the monocoque body Combined by two layers of carbon fiber skin and laminboard layer, the laminboard layer is honeycomb aluminum or PVC structural foams, according to different knots Monocoque body is divided into polylith region difference on polylith region, monocoque body and uses six kinds altogether by structure and mechanical property requirements Carbon fiber skin ply sequence, different zones and the ply sequence corresponding relation of monocoque body are shown in Table in 1, every kind of ply sequence Carbon fibre initial rinse fabric ply stacking-sequence is shown in Table 2:
The ply sequence that the different zones of the monocoque body of table 1. are used
Laying code name Laying is distributed Laying one Dividing plate before front deck Laying two Front deck or so panel, cockpit lower panel, battery flat top panel Laying three Cockpit or so panel the latter half Laying four Front deck upper and lower panel Laying five Cockpit or so panel top half Laying six Battery flat or so panel, battery flat lower panel, motor room panel up and down
Table 2
Laying code name Ply stacking-sequence Laying one [45F/04/90/04/90/04/90/04/45F/Core/45F/03/90/04/90/04/90/03/45F] Laying two [45F/03/0F/03/0F/03/45F/CorePVC/45F/03/0F/03/45F] Laying three [45F/902/0F/90/45F/CorePVC/45F/902/0F/90/45F] Laying four [45F/902/0F/90/45F/Core/45F/902/0F/90/45F] Laying five [45F/03/0F/02/45F/Core/45F/02/0F/0/45F] Laying six [45F/903/0F/902/45F/Core/45F/902/0F/90/45F]
In table 2:It is honeycomb aluminum, Core that Core, which represents sandwich layer material,PVCIt is PVC structural foams to represent sandwich layer material;
It after inner first layer carbon fiber skin ply stacking-sequence, Core or CorePVC is outer to be before Core or CorePVC Second layer carbon fiber skin ply stacking-sequence, with/represent interval between carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying in carbon fiber skin;
Above there is the expression ply stacking angle of numeral in each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, 0,45 and 90 represent carbon fibre initial rinse respectively Cloth is laid for 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree along machine direction;
In each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, there is F to represent plain, F is not marked for unidirectional cloth;
In each carbon fibre initial rinse fabric laying, cloth of the same race two layers of carbon fibre initial rinse fabric of continuous laying is represented at additional subscript, is not had There is the only laying individual layer carbon fibre initial rinse fabric of subscript;
Angle explanation:It is 0 ° of direction along body structure to the horizontal axis of rear end, angle is positive and negative to be defined as:Offset up as just, It is negative to offset downward as negative or skew to the left, and skew is just to the right.
2. the ply sequence of electronic racing car monocoque body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In monocoque body Upper built-in fitting load tie point laying carries out local reinforcement, and the ply stacking-sequence of strengthening course is:0/90/45/-45, the strengthening course pair Title is added on inside and outside two layers of carbon fiber skin.
3. a kind of manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this will be constituted and held Inside and outside two layers of carbon fiber skin of load formula vehicle body is designated as first layer carbon fiber skin and second layer carbon fiber skin respectively, specific system Make method as follows:
Step 1: the die surface in manufacture monocoque body coats releasing agent;
Step 2: corresponding position requires to carry out multilayer carbon fiber according to different on mould according to carbon fiber skin Lay up design Prepreg cloth is coated with, and forms first layer carbon fiber skin;
Step 3: being coated with release cloth on the first layer carbon fiber skin surface being coated with;
Step 4: the above-mentioned mould for being coated with first layer carbon fiber skin is put into vacuum bag, and vacuumized by vavuum pump, Test vacuum, which is met, afterwards requires;
Step 5: the mould that first layer carbon fiber skin is covered after above-mentioned vacuumize to be put into hot-forming in autoclave, heat Vacuum bag is removed after pressure, release cloth is removed, the monocoque body of first layer carbon fiber skin composition is obtained;
Step 6: being all coated with glued membrane on the first layer carbon fiber skin surface for removing release cloth, aluminium honeybee is coated with glued membrane It is connected between nest, aluminium honeycomb by structure glue;
Step 7: according to above-mentioned monocoque body carbon fiber skin Lay up design, on the aluminium honeycomb surface of mould respective regions Require that carrying out carbon fibre initial rinse fabric is coated with, and forms second layer carbon fiber skin according to different;
Step 8: being coated with release cloth on the second layer carbon fiber skin surface being coated with;
Step 9: the mould for being coated with second layer carbon fiber skin is put into vacuum bag according to above-mentioned steps four and step 5 method In, it is put into hot-forming in autoclave after vacuumizing, removes vacuum bag after hot pressing, remove release cloth, carrying is completed after the demoulding Formula vehicle body makes.
4. the manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:In step one, in mould Have surface coating is chemical releasing agent six layers thin, per minimum interval 15 minutes, last stratification between stratification releasing agent Next step can just be carried out after at least being wanted 1 hour after releasing agent is painted with by learning.
5. the manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:Step 4 neutralization procedure Nine, have on monocoque body surface at the injustice of turning, vacuum bag is folded, keep vacuum bag and the carbon fiber covered with release cloth Skin-surface is smooth to be in close contact.
6. the manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:In step 4, right The vacuum monitor duration is not less than 20 minutes after bag vacuum.
7. the manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:Step 5 and step 9 In, hot pressing is carried out using the technological parameter set in autoclave, and actual temp parameter is:Constant-speed heating is warming up in 2 minutes Constant-speed heating is warming up to 85 DEG C in 15 DEG C, 30 minutes, is kept for 85 DEG C, constant temperature time be in 50-90 minutes, afterwards 13 minutes at the uniform velocity 120 DEG C are heated to, is kept for 120 DEG C, constant temperature time is at the uniform velocity to cool to 60 DEG C in 100-150 minutes, last 12 minutes;Pressure Force parameter runs for 0KPa and 200KPa is at the uniform velocity pressurized in 2-5 minutes, 2 minutes, keeps 200KPa, constant voltage time is 210-260 Minute, at the uniform velocity it is depressured to 0KPa in 2 minutes afterwards.
8. the manufacture method of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:In step 8, The suction rubber mat of Excess resin on carbon fibre initial rinse fabric can be absorbed by being coated with one layer on the release cloth on two layers of carbon fiber skin surface again.
9. a kind of Testing Method of Safety of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that should Testing Method of Safety includes the testing of materials, and the testing of materials is that the body material for taking the above-mentioned monocoque body of polylith is tried Part, then carries out three-point bend test to body material test specimen and circumferential shear is tested;
The three-point bend test uses microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester, and loading seaming chuck is the hemispheric sphere circle in end Post pressure head, its radius is R1, bearing is that fillet bearing radius is r1, bearing span L=400mm, loading the seaming chuck amount of feeding is 5mm/min, is comprised the following steps that:
A. body material test specimen outward appearance and state are checked, it is intact certified products to confirm body material test specimen;
B. by qualified body material test specimen numbering, line, measurement body material test specimen middle(-)third span any three The thickness h of point, takes arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, computational accuracy is 0.01mm;
C. regulation span L and seaming chuck position, accurately to 0.5mm, loading seaming chuck be located at bearing in the middle of, and make seaming chuck and The chamfering face of cylinder axis of bearing is parallel;
D. body material test specimen tension face is marked, body material test specimen is symmetrically placed on two bearings;
E. by measure deformation instrument be placed at span centre, contacted with body material test specimen lower surface, application is preloaded, check and Instrument is adjusted, whole system is in normal condition;
F. body material test specimen is continuously loaded, until reaching maximum load, and load declines 30% from maximum load and stops examination Test;
G. experiment 10 times is repeated according to above-mentioned steps, calculates modulus of shearing, excluded abnormal data, take arithmetic mean of instantaneous value;
The circumferential shear test uses compression test, and loading seaming chuck should be the flat punch of cylinder, and flat punch end is Plane, cylinder diameter is φ, and bearing is the hollow circuit cylinder platform of an aluminum, and the radius of hollow circuit cylinder platform is R2, hollow circle Circle hole radius in the middle of post platform are r2, cylinder and circular hole coaxial line;It is 20mm/min to load the seaming chuck amount of feeding, specific step It is rapid as follows:
A. body material test specimen outward appearance and state are checked, it is intact certified products to confirm body material test specimen;
B. by qualified body material test specimen numbering, line, the thickness of random site in any three side of measurement body material test specimen, Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is taken, computational accuracy is 0.01mm;
C. loading seaming chuck is located in the middle of bearing, and makes the face of cylinder coaxial line of loading seaming chuck and bearing;
D. body material test specimen tension face is marked, body material test specimen is symmetrically placed on bearing;
E. body material test specimen is continuously loaded, until body material test specimen is completely penetrated;
F. according to above-mentioned steps repeat experiment 10 times, the load-deflection curve recorded according to equipment, calculate the modulus of elasticity in static bending and Maximum stress in bend, excludes abnormal data, takes arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
10. the Testing Method of Safety of electronic racing car monocoque body as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described Testing Method of Safety also includes sunykatuib analysis, concretely comprises the following steps:
(1) after the testing of materials terminates, constantly laying scheme is optimized according to result that is measured or calculating, selects and holds The more excellent design of load formula vehicle body respective regions;
(2) racing car appearance and modeling modeling is carried out with 3 d modeling software CATIA, ALIAS;
(3) measured by the testing of materials or obtained mechanics parameter will be calculated it is input in ANSYS, with ANSYS to the whole of racing car Car various working is simulated, and is changed so as to adjust electronic racing car each region laying and corresponding construction under various working It is kind;
(4) ply sequence is improved with after structure, making monocoque body mechanical property meet design according to software sunykatuib analysis result It is required that, i.e., under various working, monocoque body any part deformation quantity is no more than 25mm, and any one structure division is occurred without Failure.
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CN109018024A (en) * 2018-07-19 2018-12-18 广东工业大学 A kind of FSE racing body
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CN109755429B (en) * 2018-12-19 2021-08-31 华侨大学 High-efficient radiating antidetonation energy-absorbing battery box
CN109755429A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-05-14 华侨大学 A kind of antidetonation energy-absorbing battery case of high efficiency and heat radiation
CN110001182A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-07-12 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 The preparation method of recoverable airship solar heat protection big bottom structure integrated with carrying
CN110001089A (en) * 2019-04-15 2019-07-12 营口市飞龙碳纤维电动车有限公司 Motorcycle integrated vehicle body and preparation method thereof
CN110775171A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-02-11 合肥工业大学 Formula car hollow wing piece and forming method thereof
CN110775171B (en) * 2019-11-13 2024-05-17 合肥工业大学 Formula car hollow wing and forming method thereof
CN110749460A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-02-04 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) Collision trolley energy absorption structure suitable for multiple working conditions
CN111504782A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-07 同济大学 Method for evaluating energy absorption performance of energy absorption pad with porous structure of automobile battery by compression test method
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CN115246451A (en) * 2021-04-26 2022-10-28 北京航空航天大学 Car body of racing car, preparation method of car body and formula car
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