CN107276902B - Geographic position and IP address combined routing and addressing method for Internet of vehicles - Google Patents

Geographic position and IP address combined routing and addressing method for Internet of vehicles Download PDF

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CN107276902B
CN107276902B CN201710438982.6A CN201710438982A CN107276902B CN 107276902 B CN107276902 B CN 107276902B CN 201710438982 A CN201710438982 A CN 201710438982A CN 107276902 B CN107276902 B CN 107276902B
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obu
rsu
address
data packet
position information
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CN107276902A (en
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朱孔林
蒲霖
张琳
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers

Abstract

The invention provides a routing and addressing method for a vehicle networking by combining a geographic position and an IP address. The invention relates to a geographic position and IP address combined routing and addressing method of a vehicle networking, which comprises the following steps: the RSU receives a first request data packet sent by the OBU; the RSU stores the corresponding relation between the first interface information and the first position information; the RSU acquires the first data part; the RSU sends the first data portion to the server; the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU; the RSU updates first position information of the OBU; the RSU receives a first response data packet sent by the server; the RSU acquires interface information in the IP address of the OBU; the RSU acquires corresponding first position information; the RSU determines a next hop OBU; and the RSU sends the first response data packet to the next-hop OBU. The invention combines the geographical position and the IP address, so that the most appropriate routing path can be selected according to the geographical position of the other party when the data packet is transmitted between the OBU and the RSU.

Description

Geographic position and IP address combined routing and addressing method for Internet of vehicles
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vehicle-road cooperation technology, in particular to a vehicle-internet routing method combining a geographic position and an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
Background
The vehicle-road cooperation technology is an important component in the field of intelligent transportation, and is a communication technology which effectively integrates the technologies of Internet of things, cloud computing, mobile interconnection, data communication transmission and the like and is applied to real-time data transmission between vehicles and servers. The vehicle and the road cooperate with the help of various technical means, so that a bridge for information interaction between the vehicle and the outside can be built, and the real-time performance and the high efficiency of traffic information interaction are improved.
In a conventional vehicle cloud customer service end communication system, to perform information transfer between a vehicle network and a public network, an On Board Unit (OBU) generally needs to use a Road Side Unit (Road Side Unit, RSU) as an intermediate channel for communicating with the outside. In the area uncovered by the road side unit, the first vehicle-mounted unit calculates the relative distance between the neighbor vehicle-mounted unit and the road side unit, the request data packet is delivered to the neighbor vehicle-mounted unit closest to the road side unit, and then the neighbor vehicle-mounted unit continues the process of transmitting the request data packet to the road side unit. Meanwhile, in order to enable the first vehicle-mounted unit to perform determined routing selection when receiving the response data packet, the first vehicle-mounted unit further uses the current position information to perform encapsulation on the original request data packet again, so that the road side unit can calculate which specific neighbor vehicle-mounted unit is closest to the first vehicle-mounted unit, and then selects the neighbor vehicle-mounted unit to forward the response data packet.
However, with the method of the prior art, the on-board unit moves at a high speed after completing the transmission of the request packet, the position information in the request packet may be invalidated, and the road side unit may easily cause a routing failure when transmitting the response packet to the on-board unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a routing method of a vehicle networking combined with a geographic position and an IP address, which aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, when a vehicle-mounted unit and a road side unit are in data routing, position information is invalid, and further, when the road side unit sends a response data packet to the vehicle-mounted unit, routing failure is easy to occur.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a geographic location and IP address combined routing method for internet of vehicles, including:
a drive test unit (RSU) receives a first request data packet sent by an On Board Unit (OBU), wherein the first request data packet comprises a first packet header and a first data part, the first packet header comprises first position information and first interface information of the OBU, the first data part comprises a second packet header and a second data part, the second packet header comprises an IP address of the OBU and an IP address of a server, and the second data part comprises a port number;
the RSU stores the corresponding relation between the first interface information and the first position information;
the RSU acquires the first data part;
the RSU sends the first data portion to the server;
the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU, wherein the second data packet comprises second position information and second interface information;
if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information, the RSU updates the first position information of the OBU according to the second position information;
the RSU receives a first response data packet sent by the server, wherein the first response data packet comprises an IP address and a port number of the OBU;
the RSU acquires interface information in the IP address of the OBU;
the RSU acquires first position information corresponding to first interface information which is the same as the interface information according to the interface information;
the RSU determines a next hop OBU according to the first position information and a vehicle neighbor table of the RSU;
and the RSU sends the first response data packet to the next-hop OBU.
Further, the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU at a preset period.
Further, the RSU broadcasts an IP address of the RSU, where the IP address includes location information of the RSU.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a geographic location and IP address combined routing method for internet of vehicles, including:
an OBU sends a first request data packet to an RSU, wherein the first request data packet comprises a first packet header and a first data part, the first packet header comprises first position information and first interface information of the OBU, the first data part comprises a second packet header and a second data part, the second packet header comprises an IP address of the OBU and an IP address of a server, and the second data part comprises a port number;
the OBU sends a second data packet to the RSU, wherein the second data packet comprises second position information and second interface information;
and the OBU receives a first response data packet sent by the RSU.
Further, the OBU sends a first request packet to the RSU, including:
the OBU acquires the IP address of the RSU;
the OBU acquires a next hop OBU according to the IP address of the RSU and the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU;
and the OBU sends the first request data packet to the next hop OBU.
Further, the obtaining, by the OBU, a next hop OBU according to the IP address of the RSU and the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU includes:
the OBU is according to
Figure BDA0001319353520000031
Obtaining a score corresponding to each neighbor in the vehicle neighbor table;
and determining the OBU with the maximum score as the next hop OBU.
Further, after the OBU receives the IP address of the RSU broadcasted by the RSU, the OBU further includes:
and the OBU forwards the IP address of the RSU.
Further, the geographic location and IP address combined internet of vehicles routing addressing method further includes:
the OBU broadcasts a data link frame, where the data link frame includes a Media Access Control (MAC) address of the OBU, location information of the OBU, and a Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI).
The invention provides a routing method of a vehicle networking combined with a geographic position and an IP address, which comprises the steps of receiving a first request data packet sent by an OBU through a RSU, wherein the RSU stores the corresponding relation between first interface information and first position information contained in the first request data packet; the RSU acquires a first data part in the first request data packet; and sending the first data portion to the server; the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU, wherein the second data packet comprises second position information and second interface information; if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information, the RSU updates the first position information of the OBU according to the second position information; the RSU receives a first response data packet sent by the server, wherein the first response data packet comprises an IP address and a port number of the OBU; the RSU acquires interface information in the IP address of the OBU; the RSU acquires first position information corresponding to first interface information which is the same as the interface information according to the interface information; the RSU determines a next hop OBU according to the first position information and a vehicle neighbor table of the RSU; and the RSU sends the first response data packet to the next-hop OBU. The location information of the OBU is updated in time through the second data packet, so that the RSU can accurately acquire the location information of the OBU when sending the first response data packet to the OBU, routing is carried out according to the accurate location information of the OBU, and therefore the probability of routing failure is reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a geographic location and IP address combined Internet of vehicles routing method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a first request packet structure provided in an embodiment of a routing method for Internet of vehicles according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a data format diagram of a keep-alive information table provided in a first embodiment of a routing method for Internet of vehicles according to the present invention, in which a geographic location and an IP address are combined;
FIG. 4 is a data format diagram of a vehicle neighbor table provided in an embodiment of the routing method for Internet of vehicles according to the present invention, in which geographic locations and IP addresses are combined;
FIG. 5 is a data format diagram of another second data packet provided by a first embodiment of the Internet of vehicles routing method combining geographic location and IP address according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of the Internet of vehicles routing method combining geographic location and IP address of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a data format diagram of an IPv6 address of an RSU according to a third embodiment of the routing method for Internet of vehicles combining geographic location and IP address of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment of the Internet of vehicles routing method combining geographic location and IP address of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of the Internet of vehicles routing method combining geographic location and IP address according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for maintaining a vehicle neighbor table according to an eighth embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles based on a combination of geographic locations and IP addresses.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a routing method for internet of vehicles according to the present invention, where a geographic location and an IP address are combined, and as shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment may include:
step 101, the RSU receives a first request packet sent by the OBU.
Fig. 2 is a first request data packet structure diagram provided in an embodiment of a routing method for internet of vehicles that combines a geographic location and an IP address according to the present invention, where the first request data packet includes a first packet header and a first data portion, the first packet header includes first location information and first interface information of the OBU, and the first location information may be carried in a subnet field of the IP address. The first data portion comprises a second header comprising the IP address of the OBU and the IP address of the server, and a second data portion comprising a port number, the port number being taken from the transport layer data header.
The first packet header may further include other information, for example: the IP address of the RSU is included and used as the destination IP address for the RSU to determine whether to receive the first request packet.
Step 102, the RSU stores the correspondence between the first interface information and the first location information.
The corresponding relation between the first interface information and the first position information can be stored and maintained in a form of a table.
Optionally, the interface information is used as a part of the IP address, for example: the last 64bit in the IPv6 address is an interface information part, and therefore, one possible implementation manner for storing the correspondence between the first interface information and the first location information is as follows: directly storing the corresponding relationship between the first interface information and the first position information, for example: interface 0xD017C2FFFEA68a 90: position information 0x9C 38; another possible implementation is: storing the correspondence between the IP address and the first location information, for example: IPV6 Address fe80: fdfd:1faa:1002:41a 8: position information 0x9C 38; the invention is not limited in this respect.
Wherein, the corresponding relationship between the first interface information and the first location information may exist in the keep-alive information table shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a data format diagram of a keep-alive information table provided by a first embodiment of the routing and addressing method for the car networking combining the geographic location and the IP address of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, each entry of the keep-alive information table includes OBU location information and OBU interface information; optionally, a port number and a timer may also be included.
The establishment process of any table entry of the keep-alive information table is as follows: the OBU location information stores first location information of the OBU, the port number is taken from the second data portion, the OBU interface information stores first interface information of the OBU, and the timer sets an update period initial value.
In step 103, the RSU obtains the first data portion.
One possible implementation manner for the RSU to obtain the first data portion is as follows:
the RSU may remove the first header from the first request packet to obtain the first data portion.
Step 104, the RSU sends the first data portion to the server.
Wherein, in the second packet header included in the first data portion, the IP address of the OBU is used as a source IP address, and the IP address of the server is used as a destination IP address.
And 105, the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU.
Wherein the second data packet includes second location information and second interface information.
The second data packet is used for the RSU to update the position information of the OBU, and the RSU does not need to forward the position information to the server.
The second data packet may further include a first type identifier, where the first type identifier is used to indicate that the second data packet type is a location keep-alive data packet. In particular, the first type identifier may be a specific value, for example: 0x 0707. And the RSU updates the corresponding first position information stored by the RSU according to the second position information of the position keep-alive data packet. In addition, the RSU can recognize the location keep-alive packet through the first type identifier, so as to update the location information of the OBU without forwarding the packet to the server. One possible implementation of the second data packet is shown in fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a data format diagram of another second data packet provided in the first embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles combining geographic location and IP address according to the present invention.
And step 106, if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information, the RSU updates the first location information of the OBU according to the second location information.
Specifically, in this step, the second interface information is compared with the first interface information and updated with the first location information based on the correspondence between the first interface information and the first location information or the keep-alive information table stored in step 102.
For example, the maintenance process of any entry of the keep-alive information table is as follows: if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information recorded by a certain table entry of the keep-alive information table, updating the OBU position information recorded by the table entry according to the second position information, and resetting the timer value of the table entry; if the timer value is not reset in a certain period of time in a certain entry, the entry is deleted, for example, the timer value of the certain entry is set to 20 seconds, and if the timer value is not reset in 20 seconds, the corresponding entry of the timer is deleted.
Specifically, since most of the OBUs have the characteristic of continuous movement, steps 105 and 106 may be repeatedly executed at a preset period, and the first location information of the OBU is updated many times, so that the RSU can update the location information of the OBU in time.
And step 107, the RSU receives the first response data packet sent by the server.
Wherein, the first response data packet includes the IP address and the port number of the OBU. And step 108, the RSU acquires the interface information in the IP address of the OBU.
And step 109, the RSU obtains first location information corresponding to the first interface information that is the same as the interface information according to the interface information.
Specifically, the RSU searches for first location information corresponding to first interface information that is the same as the interface information according to the correspondence between the first interface information and the first location information stored in step 102.
And step 110, the RSU determines a next hop OBU according to the first position information and the vehicle neighbor table of the RSU.
Specifically, the vehicle neighbor table records attribute information of other communication device nodes in the coverage area of the communication device node, for example, the contents such as MAC addresses and location information of other communication device nodes may be recorded. Each entry corresponds to a neighbor OBU or a neighbor RSU in the coverage area of the communication device node. For example, the RSU may look up an entry record in the vehicle neighbor table that is closest to the first location information, the entry record corresponding to the neighbor OBU as the next hop OBU.
Optionally, the RSU may also obtain a destination MAC address in the first response packet or interface information corresponding to the MAC address in the destination IPv6 address of the first response packet, search a neighbor table entry corresponding to the destination MAC address or interface information in a vehicle neighbor table of the RSU, and if found, directly send the first response packet to the neighbor, thereby completing transmission.
And step 111, the RSU sends the first response packet to the next hop OBU.
Optionally, when there is a corresponding first response frame in the first response packet at the data link layer, the RSU may replace the protocol type number in the first response frame with a preset specific value, for example: 0x0709 to identify that the first response packet may be received or forwarded for processing by a next hop OBU.
In this embodiment, a first request data packet sent by an on-board unit OBU is received by a drive test unit RSU, and the RSU stores a corresponding relationship between the first interface information and the first location information included in the first request data packet; the RSU acquires a first data part in the first request data packet; and sending the first data portion to the server; the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU, wherein the second data packet comprises second position information and second interface information; if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information, the RSU updates the first position information of the OBU according to the second position information; the RSU receives a first response data packet sent by the server, wherein the first response data packet comprises an IP address and a port number of the OBU; the RSU acquires interface information in the IP address of the OBU; the RSU acquires first position information corresponding to first interface information which is the same as the interface information according to the interface information; the RSU determines a next hop OBU according to the first position information and a vehicle neighbor table of the RSU; and the RSU sends the first response data packet to the next-hop OBU. The position information of the OBU is updated in time through the second data packet, so that when the RSU sends the first response data packet to the OBU again, the position information of the OBU can be obtained accurately, routing is carried out according to the accurate position information of the OBU, and therefore the probability of routing failure is reduced.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles according to the combination of geographic location and IP address in the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, a possible implementation manner of step 105 is:
step 201, the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU at a preset period.
Wherein the second data packet includes second location information and second interface information.
In this embodiment, the RSU receives the second data packet sent by the OBU in the preset period, so that the RSU updates the location information record of the OBU in the preset period, and the problem that the location information record of the OBU in the RSU is not updated in time and is invalid, and thus a routing error may occur when the OBU moving at a high speed receives the server response data packet is solved.
The third embodiment of the routing method for the internet of vehicles with the combination of the geographic location and the IP address in the present invention may further include, on the basis of the embodiments shown in fig. 1 or fig. 6:
step 202, the RSU broadcasts the IP address of the RSU, where the IP address includes the location information of the RSU.
Specifically, there is no sequence relationship between step 202 and other steps 101-111 and 201. For example, fig. 7 is a data format diagram of an IPv6 address of an RSU according to a third embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles combining geographic location and IP address of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the IPv6 address includes a global routing prefix, a subnet ID and interface information, where the subnet ID includes location information of the RSU. Specifically, the location information of the RSU is determined when the RSU is deployed, and is not changed.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a fourth embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles according to the combination of geographic location and IP address of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the method of this embodiment may include:
step 301, the OBU sends a first request packet to the RSU.
The first request data packet comprises a first packet header and a first data part, the first packet header comprises first position information and first interface information of the OBU, the first data part comprises a second packet header and a second data part, the second packet header comprises an IP address of the OBU and an IP address of the server, and the second data part comprises a port number.
Optionally, the OBU may acquire the first location information through a Global Positioning System (GPS), and the acquisition frequency may be consistent with a location information update frequency of the GPS.
Alternatively, if the first header is an IPv6 header, the subnet ID in the IP address of the OBU may contain the location information of the OBU, as shown in fig. 7.
Step 302, the OBU sends a second data packet to the RSU.
Wherein the second data packet includes second location information and second interface information.
Step 303, the OBU receives the first response packet sent by the RSU.
Optionally, if the protocol type number in the first response frame corresponding to the first response packet is a preset specific value, for example: 0x0709, the OBU judges whether the interface information in the IP address of the first response data packet is consistent with the interface information of the OBU itself, and if so, the valid data in the first response data packet is handed to an upper layer for processing.
In this embodiment, the request data packet and the response data packet between the OBU and the server are transferred and received by the OBU through the RSU through the first request data packet and the second data packet sent by the OBU to the RSU, and the location information of the OBU is updated to the RSU, so that the problem that a routing error may occur when the server receives the response data packet due to the fact that the RSU cannot acquire new location information of the OBU is solved.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a fifth embodiment of the car networking routing method combining geographic location and IP address according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the method of this embodiment further refines step 301 on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 8, for a case that the OBU is not within the coverage of the RSU, and specifically may include:
step 401, the OBU obtains the IP address of the RSU.
Specifically, the default gateway of the OBU itself is the IP address of the RSU, and may be directly obtained from the routing table of the OBU.
And step 402, the OBU acquires the next hop OBU according to the IP address of the RSU and the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU.
For example, the OBU may compare the location information of the RSU included in the IP address with the location information of each neighbor recorded in the vehicle neighbor table, and find out the neighbor with the closest relative distance as the next hop OBU.
In step 403, the OBU sends the first request packet to the next hop OBU.
Specifically, since the OBU may be located far away from the RSU, the first request packet needs to be forwarded by multiple next-hop OBUs to reach the RSU, so steps 402 and 403 may be repeated many times.
The OBU sends a second data packet to the RSU, step 404.
In step 405, the OBU receives the first response packet sent by the RSU.
Specifically, in the uncovered area of the RSU, the first response packet received by the OBU may also be forwarded through several next-hop OBUs.
Optionally, if the protocol type number in the first response frame corresponding to the first response packet is a preset specific value, for example: 0x0709, the OBU judges whether the interface information in the IP address of the first response data packet is consistent with the interface information of the OBU itself, if not, the OBU selects the neighbor closest to the position recorded in the IP address of the first response data packet as the next hop OBU according to the position information in the IP address of the first response data packet and the position information of each neighbor in the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU itself.
In this embodiment, by selecting the next hop OBU for forwarding the first request packet and the first response packet with respect to the distance, routing is performed between the RSU uncovered area OBU and the server in an optimal distance manner, and transmission of the request packet and the response packet is completed, thereby solving the problem that optimal routing cannot be achieved by forwarding the packet due to the fact that the RSU cannot directly communicate with the source/destination OBU.
Sixth embodiment of the routing and addressing method for internet of vehicles based on combination of geographic location and IP address according to the present invention is based on the fifth embodiment, and a possible implementation manner of step 402 is to select a next hop OBU by using a neighbor score formula, where the specific neighbor score formula is:
Figure BDA0001319353520000101
wherein D isiCalculating the relative distance between the ith neighbor in the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU and the RSU according to the position information of the ith neighbor and the position information contained in the IP address of the RSU, and calculating the RSSIiFor received signal strength indication of the ith neighbor, ScoreiThe ith neighbor score calculated for the above equation.
Specifically, the Score with the highest calculation result of the neighbor Score formulaiThe corresponding neighbor serves as the next hop OBU.
In this embodiment, the selection of the next hop OBU according to the value is realized by using a neighbor value formula, and the problem of how to select the optimal next hop OBU when the RSU uncovered area OBU forwards the first request packet is solved.
Seventh embodiment of the geographic location and IP address combined routing and addressing method for the internet of vehicles according to the present invention, on the basis of sixth embodiment of the geographic location and IP address combined routing and addressing method for the internet of vehicles according to the present invention, the method may further include:
step 501, the OBU receives the IP address of the RSU broadcasted by the RSU, where the IP address includes the location information of the RSU.
Specifically, the IP address of the RSU broadcasted by the RSU is completed by three steps 202 of the car networking routing method embodiment combining the geographical location and the IP address according to the present invention.
And step 502, the OBU updates the default gateway of the OBU according to the position information of the RSU.
For example, the OBU may receive IP addresses of the RSUs broadcasted by a plurality of RSUs nearby, and then the OBU needs to analyze location information of each RSU included in the received IP addresses of the RSUs, select a closest RSU according to a relative distance between the location information of each RSU and the OBU, and use the IP address of the RSU as a default gateway of the OBU. Specifically, if the OBU uses the IPv6 address, the global routing prefix in the IPv6 address may be modified to be the same as the global routing prefix in the IP address of the RSU.
In this embodiment, by calculating the relative distance between the OBU and the broadcast RSU, the nearest RSU is used as the default gateway, and the problem of how to select the OBU default gateway when a plurality of RSUs are simultaneously covered is solved.
Eighth embodiment of the geographic location and IP address combined routing method for internet of vehicles according to the present invention, on the basis of seventh embodiment of the geographic location and IP address combined routing method for internet of vehicles according to the present invention, the method may further include:
step 601, the OBU forwards the IP address of the RSU. Specifically, the OBU performs broadcast forwarding on the IP address of the RSU after step 501, and uses reverse poisoning to prevent broadcast storm.
Optionally, the broadcast lifetime of the IP address of the RSU is 5 Time To Live (TTL), and the IP address of the RSU is limited To be broadcast and forwarded for 5 times at most.
In this embodiment, the IP address of the RSU is forwarded through the OBU broadcast, so that the scope of the RSU broadcast is expanded, and the problem that the default gateway of the OBU in the area uncovered by the RSU cannot be updated is solved.
Ninth embodiment of the geographic location and IP address combined routing and addressing method for the internet of vehicles according to the present invention, on the basis of seventh embodiment of the geographic location and IP address combined routing and addressing method for the internet of vehicles according to the present invention, the method may further include:
step 701, the OBU broadcasts a data link frame, where the data link frame includes the MAC address of the OBU, the location information of the OBU, and the RSSI.
Specifically, step 701 has no precedence relationship with other steps of the ninth embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles according to the present invention, in which the geographic location and the IP address are combined. The OBU may broadcast the data link frame periodically. Optionally, the data link frame may further include a type number, where the type number is used to identify that the data link frame is a neighbor advertisement frame, for example: 0x 0708.
In particular, the information contained in the data link frame may be recorded and stored as entries in a table for vehicle neighbors. For example: fig. 4 is a data format diagram of a vehicle neighbor table according to a first embodiment of the routing method for internet of vehicles combining geographic locations and IP addresses in the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, each entry of the vehicle neighbor table includes a neighbor MAC address, location information, RSSI, and a timer.
Specifically, fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for maintaining a vehicle neighbor table according to an eighth embodiment of a method for routing and addressing a vehicle networking system combining a geographic location and an IP address in the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, the method may include:
step 801, the OBU or the RSU receives the data link frame broadcasted by the neighboring OBU or the neighboring RSU, where the data link frame includes the MAC address of the OBU or the RSU, the location information of the OBU or the RSU, and the RSSI.
Step 802, the OBU or the RSU filters the neighbor advertisement frame according to the type number in the data link frame, for example, the type number is: 0x 0708.
Step 803, the OBU or the RSU acquires the MAC address of the OBU in the neighbor advertisement frame.
And step 804, judging whether the MAC address of the OBU exists in a vehicle neighbor table of the OBU or the RSU.
If the MAC address of the OBU is present in the vehicle neighbour table of the OBU or the RSU, an update table entry way step 805 and 806 are performed, and if the MAC address of the OBU is not present in the vehicle neighbour table of the OBU or the RSU, an add table entry way step 807 and 808 are performed.
Step 805, the OBU or the RSU updates the corresponding entry information in the vehicle neighbor table with the information in the neighbor advertisement frame.
Specifically, the position information in the corresponding table entry is updated by the position information in the neighbor advertisement frame, and the RSSI in the neighbor advertisement frame is updated by the RSSI in the corresponding table entry.
Step 806 resets the timer value for the entry.
Specifically, the timer value may be filled with an update period value of the entry.
Step 807, the OBU or the RSU adds an entry in the vehicle neighbor table to record the information in the neighbor advertisement frame.
Specifically, the MAC address of the OBU in the neighbor advertisement frame is used to fill the neighbor MAC address of the entry, the location information of the OBU in the neighbor advertisement frame is used to fill the location information of the entry, and the RSSI in the neighbor advertisement frame is used to fill the RSSI in the entry.
Step 808, setting the timer value of the table entry.
Step 809, the OBU or the RSU determines whether the timer value of any entry in the vehicle neighbor table is 0, and if so, deletes the entry.
Specifically, the step 809 has no precedence relationship with other steps 801 and 808.
In this embodiment, the maintenance of the neighboring RSU and OBU vehicle neighbor tables is realized by broadcasting the neighbor advertisement frame through the OBU, and the problem of detection of nodes capable of directly communicating in the coverage area of each RSU and OBU is solved.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A geographic location and Internet Protocol (IP) address combined Internet of vehicles routing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a drive test unit (RSU) receives a first request data packet sent by an On Board Unit (OBU), wherein the first request data packet comprises a first packet header and a first data part, the first packet header comprises first position information and first interface information of the OBU, the first data part comprises a second packet header and a second data part, the second packet header comprises an IP address of the OBU and an IP address of a server, and the second data part comprises a port number;
the RSU stores the corresponding relation between the first interface information and the first position information;
the RSU acquires the first data part;
the RSU sends the first data portion to the server;
the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU, wherein the second data packet comprises second position information and second interface information;
if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information, the RSU updates the first position information of the OBU according to the second position information;
the RSU receives a first response data packet sent by the server, wherein the first response data packet comprises an IP address and a port number of the OBU;
the RSU acquires interface information in the IP address of the OBU;
the RSU acquires first position information corresponding to first interface information which is the same as the interface information according to the interface information;
the RSU determines a next hop OBU according to the first position information and a vehicle neighbor table of the RSU;
the RSU sends the first response data packet to the next hop OBU;
the second data packet further includes a first type identifier, where the first type identifier is used to indicate that the second data packet type is a position keep-alive data packet.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the RSU receiving the second packet transmitted by the OBU comprises:
and the RSU receives a second data packet sent by the OBU at a preset period.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
and the RSU broadcasts the IP address of the RSU, and the IP address comprises the position information of the RSU.
4. A geographic location and Internet protocol address combined routing and addressing method for a vehicle networking is characterized by comprising the following steps:
an OBU sends a first request data packet to an RSU, wherein the first request data packet comprises a first packet header and a first data part, the first packet header comprises first position information and first interface information of the OBU, the first data part comprises a second packet header and a second data part, the second packet header comprises an IP address of the OBU and an IP address of a server, and the second data part comprises a port number;
the OBU sends a second data packet to the RSU, wherein the second data packet comprises second position information and second interface information; the second data packet is used for the RSU to compare the second interface information with the first interface information and update the first position information of the OBU according to the second position information if the second interface information is the same as the first interface information;
the OBU receives a first response data packet sent by the RSU;
wherein the OBU sends a first request data packet to the RSU, including:
the OBU acquires the IP address of the RSU;
the OBU acquires a next hop OBU according to the IP address of the RSU and the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU;
and the OBU sends the first request data packet to the next hop OBU.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the OBU obtaining a next hop OBU according to the IP address of the RSU and a vehicle neighbor table of the OBU, comprising:
the OBU is according to
Figure FDA0002387475270000021
Obtaining a score corresponding to each neighbor in the vehicle neighbor table;
determining the OBU with the maximum score as the next hop OBU;
wherein D isiCalculating the relative distance between the ith neighbor in the vehicle neighbor table of the OBU and the RSU according to the position information of the ith neighbor and the position information contained in the IP address of the RSU, and calculating the RSSIiFor received signal strength indication of the ith neighbor, ScoreiThe score corresponding to the ith neighbor is calculated for the above formula.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
the OBU receives an IP address of the RSU broadcasted by the RSU, wherein the IP address comprises the position information of the RSU;
and the OBU updates the default gateway of the OBU according to the position information of the RSU.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein after the OBU receives the RSU's IP address broadcast by the RSU, further comprising:
and the OBU forwards the IP address of the RSU.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
and the OBU broadcasts a data link frame, wherein the data link frame comprises a Media Access Control (MAC) address of the OBU, the position information of the OBU and a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI).
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