CN107276449A - Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer - Google Patents
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107276449A CN107276449A CN201710422191.4A CN201710422191A CN107276449A CN 107276449 A CN107276449 A CN 107276449A CN 201710422191 A CN201710422191 A CN 201710422191A CN 107276449 A CN107276449 A CN 107276449A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/002—Electrostatic motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular array, the cellular is made up of bone and some tendons respectively.Tendon is made up of dielectric type electroactive polymer, is a Sandwich structure, and wherein sandwich material is dielectric elastomer, and both sides are flexible electrode, and the Young's modulus of bone is bigger than tendon materials.The flexible electrode of tendon both sides is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of high-voltage DC power supply respectively, and its voltage and path open-circuit condition are adjustable.Chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular is subjected to array, chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is may make up.Because the machine performance and static state of dielectric type electroactive polymer intercouple, therefore the mutual conversion between mechanical energy and electric energy can be realized, realize the functions such as structure real-time variable, actuating, energy regenerating and the sensing of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, more particularly to a kind of hand based on dielectric type electroactive polymer
Property negative poisson's ratio structure.
Background technology
Negative poisson's ratio (Negative Poisson ' s Ratio, NPR) structure is that a class has the new of unique mechanical properties
Type structure, lateral expansion rather than lateral contraction can occur in tension, therefore material can more effectively bear load, structure
Rigidity also can the non-linear increase with the increase of load, therefore negative poisson's ratio structure can be more fully using material
Mechanical property.The mechanical property of negative poisson's ratio structure and the mechanical characteristic and structural parameters of used material are closely related, pass through
Certain material and parameter designing, negative poisson's ratio structure can have excellent energy absorbing efficiency and damping capacity simultaneously, certain
The effect of flexible member and damping element can be realized in degree simultaneously.But when material and structural parameters are determined, bear Poisson
The basic mechanical performances such as rigidity, damping than structure are also determined therewith, it is impossible to while meeting under different loads and incentive action
Best performance.For example when applied to energy-absorbing and vibration-proof structure, if the load applied is smaller, the deformation of negative poisson's ratio structure is smaller
It is unable to reach larger impulse stroke so that peak force can not be reduced further；And when load is larger, negative poisson's ratio structure
Deformation is very big and has exceeded range, then structure easily fails.Therefore the energy-absorbing of negative poisson's ratio structure and damping
The space further improved can also be there is.And if the mechanical property real-time variable of negative poisson's ratio structure, then in different loads
Under operating mode, the range of structure can be fully utilized, peak can be at utmost reduced in the case where ensureing energy absorbing efficiency
It is worth power, therefore designs a kind of negative poisson's ratio structure of mechanical property real-time variable and is significant.
Electroactive polymer is that a class can produce the new of significantly displacement and load change under electric field and voltage drive
Type flexibility function material, in addition, its displacement and the change of load condition can also cause the significant changes of electric field and voltage, therefore electricity
Load, displacement, electric field and the voltage status of living polymer intercouple, and the change of any of which state will cause it
The change of his some parameter state or certain several parameter state.Electroactive polymer can be divided mainly into ionic and electric field type two
Major class：Ionic electroactive polymer is that the conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy is realized using chemical energy as transition, and its advantage is
Driving voltage is low and deformation is big, but responds compared with slow and energy density is low, and therefore, it is difficult to suitable for the energy absorbing component under dynamic operation condition.
Electric field type electroactive polymer can be further divided into piezo-electric type and dielectric type：Piezo-electric type electroactive polymer material under electric field excitation
Material can produce electroluminescent stress in itself, be directly realized by the conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy, but deform smaller and less efficient；Dielectric
The statcoulomb power that type electroactive polymer is produced under electric field excitation by two lateral electrodes realizes that energy is changed, and is characterized in loud
Answer fast, deformation big (maximum area strain reachable 380%), energy density is larger and energy conversion efficiency is very high (up to
90%), based on These characteristics, dielectric type electroactive polymer is generally also known as artificial muscle.Dielectric type electroactive polymer
Another advantage be that cost is cheap, therefore be expected to be widely used.Dielectric type electroactive polymer is primarily subjected to stretching
Load and varying less in thickness direction, therefore usually requiring certain supporting construction when application is actuator, sensor
Its stretcher strain is changed into the motion along a certain bar axis.Dielectric type electroactive polymer is applied in negative poisson's ratio structure
It is then a kind of brand-new thinking.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to be directed to defect involved in background technology there is provided one kind based on Jie
The chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of electric type electroactive polymer, chiral negative Poisson is realized by the application of dielectric type electroactive polymer
Than structurally variable, make chiral negative poisson's ratio structure that there are different mechanical properties under different voltage drives, and can be simultaneously
Realize flexible member, damping element, sensor element, actuator component and the integrated, electronic of energy regenerating element, information
Change and intelligent.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, is formed by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular array；
The chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and at least three tendons, and the bone is rounded, and each bar tendon is equal
For straightway；
One end of each bar tendon is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the bone, tangent line of the every tendon all in bone
On, and each bar tendon the other end be in its correspondence point of contact clockwise direction or be in its correspondence point of contact side counterclockwise
To；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Each bar tendon uses dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
It is used as chiral negative poisson's ratio structure further prioritization scheme of the present invention based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, institute
Bone is stated to be made of any one in steel, alloy material, high molecular polymer, high tensile strength fibrous material.
It is used as chiral negative poisson's ratio structure further prioritization scheme of the present invention based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, institute
Tendon is stated in Sandwich structure, sandwich material is dielectric elastomer, sandwich material both sides are flexible electrode, and both sides flexible electrode
Young's modulus be less than dielectric elastomer Young's modulus.
It is used as chiral negative poisson's ratio structure further prioritization scheme of the present invention based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, institute
Sandwich material is stated using one kind in polyurethane elastomer, silica gel or acrylate, both sides flexible electrode uses electrode carbon dust, silver
Any one in cream, metallic film, carbon fat, CNT, hydrogel electrolyte, graphene, conductive elastomer.
It is used as chiral negative poisson's ratio structure further prioritization scheme of the present invention based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, institute
The one end for stating each bar tendon is arranged on the outer surface of the bone by gluing mode.
The invention also discloses another chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, the chirality
Negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and some tendons；
The bone is in regular polygon, and the number of tendon is identical with the number on the summit of regular polygon bone, and each bar flesh
Tendon is straightway；
The side of some tendons and regular polygon bone, which is corresponded, to be set；
Equal and its correspondence regular polygon bone the side of some tendons is in same straight line, one end is equal and it is corresponding just
Polygon bone while one end be connected, the other end be in its correspondence regular polygon bone while clockwise direction or locate
Counter clockwise direction in the side of its correspondence regular polygon bone；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Some tendons use dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
The invention also discloses another chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, the chirality
Negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and some tendons；
The bone is in emitting shape star, includes the bone section of at least three linear sections, each bone section is in together
One plane, one end of every bone section is connected with the central point of bone, the other end stretches outwardly, and adjacent two bone sections it
Between angle it is equal；
Some tendons are straightway, and its quantity is identical with the quantity of the bone section and each bone section one
One is correspondingly arranged；
One end of some tendons is connected with its one end of correspondence bone section away from bone central point respectively, the other end
It is in the clockwise direction of its one end of correspondence bone section away from bone central point or is in its correspondence bone section away from bone
The counter clockwise direction of one end of bone central point；
Angle between each described tendon and its correspondence bone section is equal；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Some tendons use dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, with following technique effect：
Dielectric type electroactive polymer is applied in negative poisson's ratio structure, on the one hand, due to the electroactive polymerization of dielectric type
Thing can produce certain displacement or load change under electric field or voltage drive, therefore：
(1) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as passive components, displacement or the change of load can significantly affect negative poisson's ratio knot
The structural parameters of structure, the mechanical property of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can according to load and excitation situation by different electric fields and
Voltage drive carries out certain active control, so as to significantly improve negative poisson's ratio structure under different load and incentive action
Energy-absorbing, damping property；
(2) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as driving part, the change of displacement or load can as mechanical system energy
Amount output, so as to play a part of actuator.
On the other hand, because dielectric type electroactive polymer can produce certain electric field or electricity under displacement or load effect
Buckling, therefore：
(1), can be by measuring dielectric type electroactive polymer both sides electricity when negative poisson's ratio structure is as passive components
The electric field and voltage change of pole, calculate load condition, therefore chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can be used as sensor element in itself；
(2) when negative poisson's ratio structure is as driving part, machine can be realized by the collection to electric field and voltage change
The function of tool energy regenerating, for reduction energy loss, realizes that energy-conserving and environment-protective etc. are respectively provided with positive meaning.
Bone in cellular provides a supporting construction for dielectric type electroactive polymer, by cellular toward different directions
Duplication, enabling to the electomechanical response of a cellular can be periodically superimposed, so as to meet the knot of more large scale
Structure requirement, and improve electromechanical conversion efficiency.
Under univariate input, chiral negative poisson's ratio structure mainly has mechanically deform, charging, Mechanical Driven and electric discharge
Deng four separate electromechanical states, it can realize that energy-obsorbing and damping and sensing, variation rigidity mutative damp, driving and energy are returned respectively
The functions such as receipts, this four states constitute an electromechanical circulation.During some specific mechanically and electrically mutagens shape, chirality is negative
Poisson's ratio structure can realize that above-mentioned institute is functional simultaneously, and realize multi-functional coupling.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the two-dimensional section schematic diagram of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural parameters schematic diagram of the two-dimensional section of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular in the present invention；
Fig. 4 (A), Fig. 4 (B) are the knot of the dielectric type electroactive polymer tendon materials in chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular respectively
Structure schematic diagram and electromechanical deformations schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of two-dimensional section and deformation schematic diagram of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of the invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of the invention；
Fig. 7 is second of form of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular bone in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the third form of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular bone in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons in the present invention；
Figure 10 is a kind of two kinds of connected modes of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons in the present invention；
Figure 11 is that a kind of corresponding two kinds of chiralitys of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons bear Poisson in the present invention
Compare structure；
Figure 12 is a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons in the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of two kinds of connected modes of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons in the present invention；
Figure 14 is that a kind of corresponding two kinds of chiralitys of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons bear Poisson in the present invention
Compare structure；
Figure 15 is mechanical force and the relation of electric field force in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure；
Figure 16 is that chiral negative poisson's ratio structure becomes in the voltage and electric charge of the electromechanical circulation of typical case as energy regenerating element
Change figure；
Figure 17 is energy variation figure of the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure in the electromechanical circulation of typical case as energy regenerating element.
Embodiment
Dielectric type electroactive polymer is applied to the partial tendon in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure by the present invention, can realize
The real-time variable of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, makes it have different mechanical properties under different voltage or electric field excitation, and
And can realize simultaneously flexible member, damping element, sensor element, actuator component and energy regenerating element it is integrated,
Electronization, information-based and intellectuality.
The embodiment to the present invention is further detailed below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, by the negative Poisson of chirality
Formed than cellular array；
The chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and at least three tendons, and the bone is rounded, and each bar tendon is equal
For straightway；
One end of each bar tendon is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the bone, tangent line of the every tendon all in bone
On, and each bar tendon the other end be in its correspondence point of contact clockwise direction or be in its correspondence point of contact side counterclockwise
To；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Each bar tendon uses dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
The invention also discloses another chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, the chirality
Negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and some tendons；
The bone is in regular polygon, and the number of tendon is identical with the number on the summit of regular polygon bone, and each bar flesh
Tendon is straightway；
The side of some tendons and regular polygon bone, which is corresponded, to be set；
Equal and its correspondence regular polygon bone the side of some tendons is in same straight line, one end is equal and it is corresponding just
Polygon bone while one end be connected, the other end be in its correspondence regular polygon bone while clockwise direction or locate
Counter clockwise direction in the side of its correspondence regular polygon bone；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Some tendons use dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
The invention also discloses another chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, the chirality
Negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and some tendons；
The bone is in emitting shape star, includes the bone section of at least three linear sections, each bone section is in together
One plane, one end of every bone section is connected with the central point of bone, the other end stretches outwardly, and adjacent two bone sections it
Between angle it is equal；
Some tendons are straightway, and its quantity is identical with the quantity of the bone section and each bone section one
One is correspondingly arranged；
One end of some tendons is connected with its one end of correspondence bone section away from bone central point respectively, the other end
It is in the clockwise direction of its one end of correspondence bone section away from bone central point or is in its correspondence bone section away from bone
The counter clockwise direction of one end of bone central point；
Angle between each described tendon and its correspondence bone section is equal；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Some tendons use dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
Fig. 1 illustrates the two-dimensional section schematic diagram of the first chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and bone 101 is rounded, six fleshes
Tendon is respectively six straightway region 102-107.Inside chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, tendon is with bone respectively in bone appearance
Face is connected, and tendon is tangent with bone in junction, and connected mode can be by the way of gluing.
The flexible electrode difference of the both side surface of partial tendon dielectric type electroactive polymer in chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
It is connected with high-voltage DC power supply 108-113 both positive and negative polarity, according to specific needs, the voltage of power supply can be adjusted, and can be connect
On-off opens the circuit.
Fig. 2 illustrates the structural parameters schematic diagram of the two-dimensional section of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, wherein：The thickness of bone is
tα, the thickness of tendon is tβ；The radius of circular bone is rα, the equivalent redius of tendon is rβ, which show each cellular occupancy
The size of area；The voltage of high-voltage DC power supply is respectively Φ1、Φ2、Φ3、Φ4、Φ5And Φ6。
Bone portion in chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular is due to playing structural support effect, therefore its Young's modulus compares tendon
Young's modulus it is big, can be using all kinds of steel, alloy material, high molecular polymer, all kinds of high tensile strength fibrous materials etc..
Fig. 3 illustrates a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and it is the two dimension of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
Section stretches form along the z-axis direction, and its depth along the z-axis direction is L.301,302 and 303 constitute tendon layer in figure, wherein
301 and 303 be respectively the flexible electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer both sides, and 302 be Jie in dielectric type electroactive polymer
Electric elastomer, the dc source Φ with switch1The two poles of the earth are connected on 301 and 303.
The dielectric type electroactive polymer of the partial tendon of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular is a Sandwich structure, wherein sandwich
Material is dielectric elastomer, and both sides are flexible electrode, wherein Young's modulus of the Young's modulus of flexible electrode than dielectric elastomer
Much smaller, in the case where meeting above-mentioned condition, the material of dielectric elastomer and flexible electrode can be selected arbitrarily.
Fig. 4 (A) illustrates dielectric type electroactive polymer schematic diagram, is a Sandwich structure, and wherein sandwich material is Jie
Electric elastomer, can be using materials such as polyurethane elastomer, silica gel, acrylate.Both sides are flexible electrode up and down, can use electrode
The materials such as carbon dust, silver paste, metallic film, carbon fat, CNT, hydrogel electrolyte, graphene and conductive elastomer.Dielectric type
Electroactive polymer is in original state, long L1, wide L2, thick T.The Young mould of flexible electrode in dielectric type electroactive polymer material
Amount should be more much smaller than dielectric elastomer, to reduce its influence to dielectric type electroactive polymer mechanical property.
Fig. 4 (B) illustrates the electromechanical deformations schematic diagram of dielectric type electroactive polymer, up and down both sides flexible electrode respectively with
One voltage is connected for the two poles of the earth of Φ high-voltage DC power supply, and now dielectric type electroactive polymer is similar to an electric capacity, electric current
Dielectric elastomer can not be passed through, therefore have accumulated ± Q electric charges at the flexible electrode of both sides respectively up and down, electrostatic effect is produced and is formed
Coulomb force, is decreased to t, length and width increases to l respectively so as to compress dielectric elastomer and be allowed to thickness1And l2, now dielectric
Stress of the type electroactive polymer in three directions is respectively P1、P2And P3.Φ, Q, P and t are to intercouple in the system
State parameter, the change of any of which state can influence other three state parameters.
Fig. 5 illustrates a kind of two-dimensional section and deformation schematic diagram of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, wherein chiral negative Poisson
Horizontal cellular number, i.e., cellular number in the x-direction are defined as than the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular number that structure is included in the horizontal direction；
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is defined as longitudinal cellular number in the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular number that vertical direction is included, i.e., along y side
To cellular number.The horizontal cellular number of example is 7 in figure, and longitudinal cellular number is 7.When chiral negative poisson's ratio structure bears y directions
Tensile load when, it can expand deformation in x directions, and Negative poisson's ratio is presented.In order to which apparent displaying chirality is born
Power-supply system is eliminated in Poisson's ratio structure, figure.
In chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, the connected mode of a certain cellular and its upper left side cellular is：102 sections and its upper left
105 sections of side cellular are joined directly together, and are the different zones of one integral piece of material.The connected mode phase of the cellular and its lower right side cellular
Together.
In chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, the connected mode of a certain cellular and its upper right side cellular is：103 sections and its upper right
106 sections of side cellular are joined directly together, and are the different zones of one integral piece of material.The connected mode phase of the cellular and its lower left side cellular
Together.
In chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, the connected mode of a certain cellular and its right side cellular is：104 sections first with its right side
107 sections of born of the same parents are joined directly together, and are the different zones of one integral piece of material.The cellular is identical with the connected mode of its left side cellular.
Fig. 6 illustrates a kind of schematic three dimensional views of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, and it is the two dimension of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure
Section stretches form along the z-axis direction, and its depth along the z-axis direction is L.For the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure of apparent displaying,
Power-supply system is eliminated in figure.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can also be other shapes, for example by the hollow of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular array
Cylinder etc..
Fig. 7 illustrates second of form of bone in the first chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and wherein bone is hexagonal, and 6
Bar tendon at 6 end points with bone be connected, and each tendon direction respectively with the anticlockwise bone side of corresponding end points
Unanimously.
Fig. 8 illustrates the third form of bone in the first chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular, and wherein bone includes 6 ends
Point, 6 tendons are connected at 6 end points of bone with bone, and tendon is vertical with the line of bone end points and bone central point.
In addition to the bone of " * " shape shown in this figure, bone can also be the other arbitrary shapes for including 6 end points.
Fig. 9 illustrates a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons, with the chiral negative poisson's ratio member shown in Fig. 1
Born of the same parents are compared, and three tendons, remaining all same are kept to by six tendons.
Figure 10 illustrates a kind of two kinds of connected modes of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons, wherein Figure 10
(A) the tendon direction of rotation of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular of arbitrary neighborhood two is identical in, two chiralitys of arbitrary neighborhood in Figure 10 (B)
The tendon direction of rotation of negative poisson's ratio cellular is on the contrary, two kinds of connected modes constitute a class hexagonal honeycomb unit.
Figure 11 illustrates a kind of corresponding two kinds of chiral negative poisson's ratio knots of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with three tendons
Structure in structure, wherein Figure 11 (A) is made up of the class cellular unit array in Figure 10 (A), and the structure in Figure 11 (B) is by Figure 10
(B) the class cellular unit array in is constituted.
Figure 12 illustrates a kind of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons, with the chiral negative poisson's ratio shown in Fig. 1
Cellular is compared, and four tendons, remaining all same are kept to by six tendons.
Figure 13 illustrates a kind of two kinds of connected modes of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons, wherein Figure 13
(A) the tendon direction of rotation of the chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular of arbitrary neighborhood two is identical in, two chiralitys of arbitrary neighborhood in Figure 13 (B)
The tendon direction of rotation of negative poisson's ratio cellular is on the contrary, two kinds of connected modes constitute a class quadrilateral units.
Figure 14 illustrates a kind of corresponding two kinds of chiral negative poisson's ratio knots of chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular with four tendons
Structure in structure, wherein Figure 14 (A) is made up of the class quadrilateral units array in Figure 13 (A), and the structure in Figure 14 (B) is by Figure 13
(B) the class quadrilateral units array in is constituted.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can be by the nonlinear mechanics of negative poisson's ratio structure itself as buffering and damping element
What characteristic and the nonlinear mechanics characteristic of elastic material were determined.
The principle of the mechanical property real-time variable of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is：The supply voltage Φ increases connected when structure
When, the electric charge increase accumulated in the lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer two of tendon layer, the statcoulomb power of generation is also therewith
Increase, reduces the thickness of dielectric type electroactive polymer, and increases its area, and this will increase cellular effective depth hcAnd have
Imitate width wc, change the structural parameters of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure；On the other hand, when supply voltage Φ increases, tendon materials
Rigidity reduction, change the material property of chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.Therefore chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is in different electric excitations
There is down different mechanical properties.
Figure 15 illustrates mechanical force and the relation of electric field force in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure.In poised state, electric field force with
Mechanical force is equal.Cause electric field force when voltage, electric charge and the electric capacity of structure dielectric type electroactive polymer change
During more than mechanical force, as shown by point 1, in order to reach equilbrium position, then mechanical force persistently increases, dielectric type electroactive polymer
Thickness is reduced and area increases, and is finally reached the balance of electric field force and mechanical force, and the point of arrival 2, in the process, part electric energy turn
It is changed to mechanical energy.On the other hand, when the load of structure and deformation, which change, make it that mechanical force exceedes electric field force, such as point 3
Shown, in order to reach equilbrium position, then electric field force persistently increases, the voltage rise of the lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer two,
It is finally reached the balance of electric field force and mechanical force, the point of arrival 4, in the process, some mechanical is converted to electric energy.Balanced in figure
The upper left side region of condition curve, chiral negative poisson's ratio arrangement works are under actuation modes, in the bottom right of poised state curve
Square region, then be operated under energy regenerating (or generator) or mode sensor.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure converts electrical energy into mechanical energy when as actuating element, and its general principle is：Work as knot
When structure does not access power supply, the dielectric type electroactive polymer of tendon layer keeps balance in the presence of load.And when structure access
During power supply, dielectric type electroactive polymer two lateral electrode stored charge in the presence of voltage, the electric field force of generation is along thickness side
To compressing dielectric type electroactive polymer and increasing its area, so that a certain amount of position occurs for chiral negative poisson's ratio structure
Move, reach the function of actuating.As the supply voltage Φ that structure is accessed and the different load p born, chiral negative poisson's ratio knot
The displacement that structure is produced is also different, so as to realize different actuation requirements.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure converts mechanical energy into electric energy when as energy regenerating element.Figure 16 illustrates hand
Property negative poisson's ratio structure in the voltage and charge variation figure of the electromechanical circulation of typical case as energy regenerating element, Figure 17 then illustrates
Tetra- points of A, B, C, D in the energy variation figure of typical electromechanical circulation, Figure 16 and Figure 17 represent four identical states.Typical machine
Electricity circulation includes 4 key steps：
(1) quantity of electric charge Q in A points-B points, deenergization, the lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer twoLKeep constant, then
Dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness reduces when load increases, electric capacity increase, and voltage is reduced to Φ between two lateral electrodesL, this is
Tendon draw stage, the mechanical energy increase of dielectric type electroactive polymer storage；
(2) B points-C points, the lateral electrode of dielectric type electroactive polymer two, which is connected to one, has low voltage ΦLPower supply,
Dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness reduces, and the spacing between two lateral electrodes reduces and increases electric capacity, and the quantity of electric charge increases to QH,
This is charging stage, the electric energy increase of dielectric type electroactive polymer storage；
(3) C points-D points, deenergization, the quantity of electric charge Q in open-circuitHKeep constant, dielectric type electroactive polymer is thick
Degree increase, electric capacity reduction, then the voltage between two lateral electrodes increases to ΦH, this is tendon loosening stage, and dielectric type is electroactive poly-
The mechanical energy of compound storage is partially converted to electric energy；
(4) D points-A points, two lateral electrodes are connected to high voltage ΦLPower supply, then dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness increase
Greatly, the quantity of electric charge is gradually decrease to QL, this is discharge regime, and the electric energy of dielectric type electroactive polymer storage reduces, and to power supply
Charging.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure is as the principle of sensor：Access LCR tables in circuit, then when the load is increasing,
Tendon layer is stretched, and dielectric type electroactive polymer thickness reduces, and the spacing between two lateral electrodes reduces and causes electric capacity increase,
The change of electric capacity can be then measured by LCR tables to calculate the change of load.
Certain control strategy and control system by designing, can be achieved the multi-functional coupling of chirality negative poisson's ratio structure.
All chiral negative poisson's ratio cellulars included are made up of identical or different material in chiral negative poisson's ratio structure, and
With identical or different structural parameters and section.
Chiral negative poisson's ratio structure can be made into the buffer element for including but are not limited to real-time variable, power-absorbing, vibration damping
Element, spring-damper structure, sensor, actuator and energy regenerating element.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are it is understood that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill
Art term and scientific terminology) with the general understanding identical meaning with the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention.Also
It should be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that with the context of prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning, and unless defined as here, will not be explained with idealization or excessively formal implication.
Above-described embodiment, has been carried out further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not limited to this hair
Bright, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc. should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (7)
1. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that by chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular
Array is formed；
The chiral negative poisson's ratio cellular includes bone and at least three tendons, and the bone is rounded, and each bar tendon is straight
Line segment；
One end of each bar tendon is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the bone, every tendon all on the tangent line of bone,
And the other end of each bar tendon is in the clockwise direction at its correspondence point of contact or is in the counter clockwise direction at its correspondence point of contact；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Each bar tendon uses dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
2. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that
The bone is made of any one in steel, alloy material, high molecular polymer, high tensile strength fibrous material.
3. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that
The tendon is in Sandwich structure, and sandwich material is dielectric elastomer, and sandwich material both sides are flexible electrode, and both sides flexible electrical
The Young's modulus of pole is less than the Young's modulus of dielectric elastomer.
4. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 3 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that
The sandwich material use polyurethane elastomer, silica gel or acrylate in one kind, both sides flexible electrode using electrode carbon dust,
Any one in silver paste, metallic film, carbon fat, CNT, hydrogel electrolyte, graphene, conductive elastomer.
5. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that
One end of each bar tendon is arranged on the outer surface of the bone by gluing mode.
6. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that the chiral negative poisson's ratio member
Born of the same parents include bone and some tendons；
The bone is in regular polygon, and the number of tendon is identical with the number on the summit of regular polygon bone, and each bar tendon is equal
For straightway；
The side of some tendons and regular polygon bone, which is corresponded, to be set；
Equal and its correspondence regular polygon bone the side of some tendons is in same straight line, one end is equal and its correspondence is just polygon
Shape bone while one end be connected, the other end be in its correspondence regular polygon bone while clockwise direction or be in it
The counter clockwise direction on the side of correspondence regular polygon bone；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Some tendons use dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
7. the chiral negative poisson's ratio structure based on dielectric type electroactive polymer, it is characterised in that the chiral negative poisson's ratio member
Born of the same parents include bone and some tendons；
The bone is in emitting shape star, includes the bone section of at least three linear sections, and each bone section is in same flat
Face, one end of every bone section is connected with the central point of bone, the other end stretches outwardly, and between adjacent two bone sections
Angle is equal；
Some tendons are straightway, and its quantity is identical with the quantity of the bone section and a pair of each bone section 1
It should set；
One end of some tendons is connected with its one end of correspondence bone section away from bone central point respectively, and the other end is located
The clockwise direction of the one end of bone section away from bone central point is corresponded in it or is in its correspondence bone section away from bone
The counter clockwise direction of one end of heart point；
Angle between each described tendon and its correspondence bone section is equal；
The Young's modulus of the bone is more than the Young's modulus of tendon；
Some tendons use dielectric type electroactive polymer, and its both sides connects external voltage.
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| CN108170977A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-15 | 南京大学 | A kind of adjustable three-dimensional backhand negative poisson's ratio structure and preparation method |
| CN108386472A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | The bump leveller of metamaterial structure is coupled based on tension-torsion |
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