CN107276398A - Photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors - Google Patents

Photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107276398A
CN107276398A CN201710500941.5A CN201710500941A CN107276398A CN 107276398 A CN107276398 A CN 107276398A CN 201710500941 A CN201710500941 A CN 201710500941A CN 107276398 A CN107276398 A CN 107276398A
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China
Prior art keywords
switching
photomultiplier
electric capacity
capacity
switch
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CN201710500941.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何良宗
邵天颖
张建寰
陈逢
陈一逢
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Xiamen University
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Xiamen University
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Priority to CN201710500941.5A priority Critical patent/CN107276398A/en
Publication of CN107276398A publication Critical patent/CN107276398A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H02M1/009—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration having two or more independently controlled outputs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

Photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors, if the switching capacity auxiliary circuit that DC supply input, bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer, semiconductor switch and electric capacity are constituted；Bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer is made up of H bridges and switching capacity module, and H bridges are by 12 switching tubes D1a, D1b, D2a, D2b, D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a, D5b, D6a, D6b；Be connected composition switching capacity module and S with each self-capacitance C1a, C1b, C2a, C2b, C3a, C3b, C4a, C4b, C5a, C5b, C6a, C6bb1、Sb2、Sb3、Sb4It is interconnected to constitute；The semiconductor switch of the switching capacity auxiliary circuit of semiconductor switch and electric capacity composition uses MOSFET power switch pipes, by switching capacity C0‑C12With MOFET switching tubes S0‑S12It is connected and constitutes.

Description

Photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors
Technical field
The present invention relates to power supply, more particularly, to the photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors.
Background technology
Photomultiplier transit is set up in external photoeffect, secondary and electron-optical theoretical foundation, combines high increasing The features such as benefit, low noise, high-frequency response and big signal reception area are a kind of with high sensitivity and ultrafast time response Photosensitive electron tube, can be operated in ultraviolet, visible and near infrared region spectral regions.Photomultiplier is in spectrographic detection and pole Turn into preferred photodetector in terms of the detection of faint quick optical information.Photomultiplier by photocathode, dynode and The part of anode three is constituted.It is reachable 30 grades more than dynode；Anode is last for collecting electronics, and the electron number being collected into is cloudy 105~106 times of pole launching electronics number.Just tens of thousands of times higher than common photoelectric tube Dao millions of times of the sensitivity of photomultiplier. But multichannel dynode is provided due to needing for photomultiplier, therefore require that its power supply circuit can provide Multi-path electricity Pressure, and require that voltage can not steadily have big fluctuation.The voltage offset electric circuit of photomultiplier is to its performance, stable operation and essence Close measurement plays vital effect.
Resistance chain partial pressure type power supply circuit is a kind of circuit more universal in photomultiplier externally fed circuit, but is deposited Voltage in some shortcomings, dynode can change with the change of anode current and power consumption is very big, and high value is big The resistance volume of power is also big, and temperature stability is poor, and it is difficult to use that this, which just makes using the photomultiplier of resistance chain partial pressure type circuit, In portable instrument so that photomultiplier is difficult to play the characteristics of it should have and function.
Another novel photoelectric multiplier tube high voltage power supply is by setting the output rectification in photomultiplier high voltage power supply to filter Wave circuit and output voltage feedback circuit so that output voltage is accurately reliable, are influenceed smaller by temperature coefficient, but circuit is more multiple Miscellaneous and to have very many electric capacity and resistance, it is necessary to 2 chips, circuit is more complicated.
Another Subminiature auto-excitation type high-voltage module power supply special for photomultipliers, high stability, very low EMI and output Ripple；Wide input voltage range, but circuitous resistance electric capacity quantity is more, is easily affected by temperature.And due to using auto-excitation type electricity The waveform that source, switching tube and control circuit unification are obtained is not necessarily preferable.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer, auxiliary switch condenser network and suitable The photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors for providing externally fed multiple power supplies for photomultiplier.
The present invention is provided with DC supply input, bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer, semiconductor switch and capacitance group Into switching capacity auxiliary circuit；
The DC supply input external direct current power supply；
The bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer is made up of H bridges and switching capacity module, and the H bridges are by 12 Individual switching tube D1a, D1b, D2a, D2b, D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a, D5b, D6a, D6b；Respectively with each self-capacitance C1a, C1b, C2a, C2b, C3a, C3b, C4a, C4b, C5a, C5b, C6a, C6b, which are connected, constitutes switching capacity module and Sb1、Sb2、Sb3、Sb4 It is interconnected to constitute；
The semiconductor switch of the switching capacity auxiliary circuit of semiconductor switch and the electric capacity composition uses MOSFET work( Rate switching tube, it is described by switching capacity C0-C12With MOFET switching tubes S0-S12It is connected and constitutes.
The switching capacity auxiliary circuit of semiconductor switch and the electric capacity composition is a kind of for photomultiplier external electrical The switching capacity auxiliary circuit on road, wherein upper row's capacitance cathode can obtain 7 kinds of level, lower row's electric capacity altogether in state 1 and state 2 Negative pole obtains 7 kinds of level in state 1 and state 2, altogether 14 kinds of level, and photomultiplier uses wherein 13 level, and with bridge As all electric capacity publicly, 13 level of electric capacity pass through HF switch S on the ground of formula circuit0-S12SECO to light Electric multiplier tube provides multiple power supplies.
Four switching tube S of the H bridgesb1、Sb2、Sb3、Sb4Use MOSFET power switch pipes.
Modulator approach for full-bridge circuit switching tube uses PWM pulse duration modulation methods, and upper and lower bridge arm will not be simultaneously turned on, In case it is short-circuit.
12 switching tube D1a, D1b, D2a, D2b, D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a in the switching capacity module, D5b, D6a, D6b are connected with each self-capacitance C1a, C1b, C2a, C2b, C3a, C3b, C4a, C4b, C5a, C5b, C6a, C6b respectively： D1a, D2a, D3a, D4a, D5a, D6a are connected to electric capacity C1a, C2a, C3a, C4a, C5a, C6a positive ends, D1b, D2b, D3b, D4b, D5b, D6b are connected to electric capacity C1b, C2b, C3b, C4b, C5b, C6b negative polarity end；C1a-C1b、C2a-C2b、 C3a-C3b, C4a-C4b, C5a-C5b, C6a-C6b then join end to end two-by-two, constitute a pair of upper and lower bridge arms；And in each of circuit Individual exit all has an electric capacity, numbers from C0~C12, for maintaining the constant of power supply voltage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) use electric capacity replaces the divider resistance more than quantity so that device volume diminishes and temperature stability improves, it is easy to It is integrated in the chips, use more flexibly, it is reliable.
(2) plurality of voltages is directly derived from the two ends of each electric capacity, and switching loss is small, and modular construction easily expands level, defeated Go out voltage ripple small, it is convenient succinct, circuit cost is reduced, system effectiveness is improved.
(3) 14 level that electric capacity can be provided under two states are taken full advantage of, utilization ratio of device is high, in high frequency Switching reduces energy consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is photomultiplier topological diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is main circuit topology figure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is first stage work sheet of the invention；
Fig. 4 is second stage work sheet of the invention；
Fig. 5 is switching tube timing diagram of the invention.
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Referring to Fig. 1, photomultiplier pin 0~12 corresponds respectively to voltage u0~u12, and u0~u12Equal difference is presented in voltage Sequence.
Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of main circuit topology figure of switching capacity auxiliary circuit for photomultiplier external circuit is fitted For the externally fed power supply of photomultiplier, including tetra- switching tubes of DC supply input Vin, Sb1, Sb2, Sb3, Sb4 Control two kinds of working conditions, 12 switching tubes D1a, D1b, D2a, D2b, D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a, D5b, D6a, D6b It is connected what is constituted with electric capacity C1a, C1b, C2a, C2b, C3a, C3b, C4a, C4b, C5a, C5b, C6a, the C6b each controlled respectively Switching capacity multiplier.
First mode, controlling switch pipe Sb1, Sb4 conducting, Sb2, Sb3 close with realize to C1a, C3a, C5a, C2b, C4b, C6b charging.Charging terminate rear C1a, C3a, C5a, C2b, C4b, C6b both end voltage be respectively Vin, 3Vin, 5Vin, 2Vin、4Vin、6Vin。
Second mode, controlling switch pipe Sb2, Sb3 conducting, Sb1, Sb4 close with realize to C2a, C4a, C6a, C1b, C3b, C5b charging.Charging terminate rear C2a, C4a, C6a, C1b, C3b, C5b both end voltage be respectively 2Vin, 4Vin, 6Vin, Vin、3Vin、5Vin。
Upper row's electric capacity C1a, C2a, C3a, C4a, C5a, C6a positive pole state 1 provide 7 kinds of level, respectively Vin, 2Vin, 3Vin, 4Vin, 5Vin, 6Vin, first mode provide Vin, 2Vin, 3Vin, 4Vin, 5Vin, 6Vin, and second mode is provided 2Vin、3Vin、4Vin、5Vin、6Vin、7Vin；Lower row's electric capacity C1b, C2b, C3b, C4b, C5b, C6b negative pole is in state 1 and shape State 2 can also provide 7 kinds of level, respectively 0, -1Vin, -2Vin, -3Vin, -4Vin, -5Vin, -6Vin, first mode carries For -1Vin, -2Vin, -3Vin, -4Vin, -5Vin, -6Vin, second mode provide 0, -1Vin, -2Vin, -3Vin, -4Vin, - 5Vin.14 kinds of level altogether up and down, it is contemplated that photomultiplier needs 13 kinds of level altogether, therefore utilizes the upper mould of row's capacitance cathode first 6 kinds of level Vin, 2Vin, 3Vin, 4Vin, 5Vin, 6Vin of state, a level -6Vin of lower row's electric capacity negative pole first mode and 6 level 0, -1Vin, -2Vin, -3Vin, -4Vin, -5Vin of second mode, thus upper row's capacitance cathode connects 6 electric power altogether Electronic switch, lower row's electric capacity negative pole connects 7 electronic power switches, as shown in Figure 2.
When the circuit is operating, within the front half section time of first mode, by control circuit control closure electronic power switch S0, S2, S4, S12, disconnect S1, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11；In the latter half of first mode, by controlling Circuit control closure electronic power switch S1, S3, S5, disconnect S0, S2, S4, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12.Similarly, exist In the front half section time of second mode, by control circuit control closure electronic power switch S6, S8, S10, disconnect S1, S2, S3, S4、S5、S7、S9、S11、S12；In the latter half of second mode, by control circuit control closure electronic power switch S7, S9, S11, disconnect S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S8, S10, S12；Photomultiplier Multi-path electricity is realized by high frequency switching Level needed for source.
The first stage work sheet of the present invention is referring to Fig. 3, and second stage work sheet of the invention is of the invention referring to Fig. 4 Switching tube timing diagram is referring to Fig. 5.
The present invention includes the circuit topology principle analysis of bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer and electric with photomultiplier The connection method in source.Circuit topological structure of the present invention is simple, without inductance, it is possible to achieve small size high power density, is integrated in core Power volume is set further to reduce in piece.Work at high temperature, efficiency is higher than conventional inverter, control is simple, and switching loss is small, Modular construction easily expands level, and output voltage ripple is small.Each level of converter is made full use of to be provided for photomultiplier Required voltage.Main circuit and its drive circuit highly versatile, i.e., by changing circuit power voltage or increase and decrease boost capacitor With number, the multiple voltage of needs can be easily obtained.Two states when being worked using circuit can be from capacitance cathode or negative pole On obtain different level, it is adaptable to HVB high voltage bias in a variety of portable detecting devices such as photomultiplier multistage power supply electricity Road.

Claims (4)

1. the photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors, it is characterised in that provided with DC supply input, bridge-type mould The switching capacity auxiliary circuit of block Switching capacitive transducer, semiconductor switch and electric capacity composition；
The DC supply input external direct current power supply；
The bridge-type modular switch capacitive transducer is made up of H bridges and switching capacity module, and the H bridges are opened by 12 Close pipe D1a, D1b, D2a, D2b, D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a, D5b, D6a, D6b；Respectively with each self-capacitance C1a, C1b, C2a, C2b, C3a, C3b, C4a, C4b, C5a, C5b, C6a, C6b, which are connected, constitutes switching capacity module and Sb1、Sb2、Sb3、Sb4Mutually Connect and compose；
The semiconductor switch of the switching capacity auxiliary circuit of semiconductor switch and the electric capacity composition is opened using MOSFET power Guan Guan, it is described by switching capacity C0-C12With MOFET switching tubes S0-S12It is connected and constitutes.
2. the photomultiplier power supply as claimed in claim 1 based on Switching capacitors, it is characterised in that the semiconductor The switching capacity auxiliary circuit that switch and electric capacity are constituted is that a kind of switching capacity for photomultiplier external circuit aids in electricity Road, wherein upper row's capacitance cathode obtains 7 kinds of level altogether in state 1 and state 2, lower row's electric capacity negative pole is obtained in state 1 and state 2 7 kinds of level, altogether 14 kinds of level, photomultiplier wherein 13 level of use, and all electric capacity are used as using the ground of bridge circuit Publicly, 13 level of electric capacity pass through HF switch S0-S12SECO give photomultiplier provide multiple power supplies.
3. the photomultiplier power supply as claimed in claim 1 based on Switching capacitors, it is characterised in that the H bridges Four switching tube Sb1、Sb2、Sb3、Sb4Use MOSFET power switch pipes.
4. the photomultiplier power supply as claimed in claim 1 based on Switching capacitors, it is characterised in that the switch electricity 12 switching tubes D1a, D1b, D2a, D2b, D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a, D5b, D6a, D6b in molar block are respectively and respectively Self-capacitance C1a, C1b, C2a, C2b, C3a, C3b, C4a, C4b, C5a, C5b, C6a, C6b are connected：D1a、D2a、D3a、D4a、 D5a, D6a are connected to electric capacity C1a, C2a, C3a, C4a, C5a, C6a positive ends, and D1b, D2b, D3b, D4b, D5b, D6b connect It is connected to electric capacity C1b, C2b, C3b, C4b, C5b, C6b negative polarity end；C1a-C1b、C2a-C2b、C3a-C3b、C4a-C4b、 C5a-C5b, C6a-C6b then join end to end two-by-two, constitute a pair of upper and lower bridge arms；And all have one in each exit of circuit Individual electric capacity, is numbered from C0~C12, for maintaining the constant of power supply voltage.
CN201710500941.5A 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 Photomultiplier power supply based on Switching capacitors Pending CN107276398A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101036281A (en) * 2004-10-19 2007-09-12 罗姆股份有限公司 Switching power supply and electronic apparatus employing the same
CN104753377A (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-07-01 厦门大学 Multilevel inverter based on bridge modular switched capacitor
CN103618462B (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-12-09 厦门大学 A kind of multiphase resonance bridge type modular multi-level switch capacitor converter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101036281A (en) * 2004-10-19 2007-09-12 罗姆股份有限公司 Switching power supply and electronic apparatus employing the same
CN103618462B (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-12-09 厦门大学 A kind of multiphase resonance bridge type modular multi-level switch capacitor converter
CN104753377A (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-07-01 厦门大学 Multilevel inverter based on bridge modular switched capacitor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LIANGZONG HE: "High-Performance Bridge Modular Switched-Capacitor Converter With Small Component Requirement Based on Output Impedance Analysis for Low Loss", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS》 *

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Application publication date: 20171020