CN107275478A - The modulator approach of spin wave in a kind of automatic biasing magnon waveguide - Google Patents
The modulator approach of spin wave in a kind of automatic biasing magnon waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN107275478A CN107275478A CN201710457170.6A CN201710457170A CN107275478A CN 107275478 A CN107275478 A CN 107275478A CN 201710457170 A CN201710457170 A CN 201710457170A CN 107275478 A CN107275478 A CN 107275478A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of modulator approach of spin wave in automatic biasing magnon waveguide, it is modulated for the dissemination to spin wave in the waveguide, the dissemination includes maximum propagation frequency, cut-off frequency and the propagation trajectories of spin wave, and methods described includes：Regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel；Adjust the cut-off frequency of spin wave in the raceway groove of the waveguide both sides；Adjust the propagation trajectories of the spin wave.The present invention can be to spin wave in a kind of magnon waveguide based on PABX networking magnetic structure dissemination be modulated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tune of spin wave in magnon device arts, more particularly to automatic biasing magnon waveguide
Method processed.
Background technology
Nineteen thirty, concept --- the phase interaction in magnetic order body for the spin wave that Switzerland's physicist's Bloch is proposed for the first time
With collective motion of the magnetic moment of (mainly exchange interaction and dipolar interaction) caused by exciting.Holstein T and
Primakoff H have carried out quantization description, and referred to as magnon to it.In recent years, with people to magnetics and electronics from
Going deep into for characteristic research is revolved, many excellent specific properties of spin wave are excavated successively by people, and the magnetic of information carrier is used as using spin wave
One of the direction of design and making as " rear CMOS epoch " great development prospect of oscillation device.
Traditional semiconductor integrated circuit technology is, using carrier (electronics or hole) as the carrier of information transfer, and to carry
Stream can inevitably occur energy dissipation in transport process and cause fever phenomenon.With constantly subtracting for device size
Small, these losses and heating can be highlighted further, be runed counter to the low power consumption developing direction of device.Because the transmission of spin wave is magnetic
Collective's precession phenomenon of square and be not related to transporting to electronics, therefore, using spin wave replace carrier be used as information transfer
Carrier will greatly reduce the power consumption of device.
In the magnetic material such as YIG of some low resistance coefficients, the propagation distance of spin wave can reach centimetres, and
Spinning current based on electron motion is because being limited to spin diffusion length, and its propagation distance is typically not greater than 1 micron.In addition, from
The characteristic frequency of ripple is revolved in GHz to THz wave bands, and the spin wave wavelength of same frequency several orders of magnitude smaller than electromagnetic wave, people
Wavelength that even can be to wavelength in below 10nm is manipulated；And with the reduction of wavelength, the leading spin wave of exchange interaction
Frequency increases in square formula, and group velocity linearly increases in 1/3rd regions of first Brillouin-Zone, and this causes magnon device
Part improves calculating speed again while size is reduced.
Magnon waveguide is as the important component of magnon device, the basic angle except playing the part of spin wave transmitting carrier
Color, more carries the function of modulation spin wave dissemination, such as propagation path, phase and dispersion relation.Simplest magnon
Waveguide is one-dimensional nano line, because its is simple in construction and the spin wave modulation free degree is extremely limited；Another waveguide is that magnetic shakes
Sub- crystal, it is a kind of periodic magnetic structure similar to photonic crystal, by the geometry, the week that change its periodic unit
The modulation to spin wave energy band structure can be achieved in phase, arrangement mode etc..
Two kinds of above-mentioned waveguides are required for an additional bias magnetic field in normal work to maintain the propagation of spin wave, this
The power consumption of device is not only increased also while increasing device volume, and the mode underaction of both modulation spin waves.
Patent《A kind of spin sonic wave guide of automatic biasing and preparation method thereof》In, introduction of authors is a kind of to be based on PABX networking
(exchange-spring) the automatic biasing magnon waveguide of structure.This waveguide can be used as spin wave without applied bias
The medium of transmission.However, being not directed to the modulator approach based on the waveguide to spin wave dissemination in the patent.
The content of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of modulation methods of spin wave in automatic biasing magnon waveguide
A kind of method, dissemination that can be to spin wave in magnon waveguide based on PABX networking magnetic structure is modulated.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a kind of modulator approach of spin wave in automatic biasing magnon waveguide, for institute
The dissemination for stating spin wave in waveguide is modulated, and the dissemination includes the maximum propagation frequency of spin wave, cutoff frequency
Rate and propagation trajectories, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel；
Adjust the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of the waveguide both sides；
Adjust the propagation trajectories of the spin wave.
Further, the regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel, with
And in the regulation waveguide both sides raceway groove spin wave cut-off frequency, by change permanent thin film in the waveguide it is each to
Different in nature size is realized.
Further, the anisotropy size for changing permanent thin film in the waveguide, the different Hard Magnetic by choosing
Thin-film material is realized.
Further, the regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel, lead to
Cross and change the thickness of soft magnetic film in the waveguide to realize.
Further, the thickness for changing soft magnetic film in the waveguide, by the growth time for controlling soft magnetic film
To realize.
Further, the regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel, lead to
Cross and change the spin-exchange-coupled coefficient in the waveguide between permanent thin film and soft magnetic film to realize.
Further, the spin-exchange-coupled coefficient in the waveguide between permanent thin film and soft magnetic film is changed, by institute
State and insulating barrier is added between permanent thin film and soft magnetic film, and adjust thickness of insulating layer to realize.
Further, the cut-off frequency for adjusting spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of the waveguide both sides, described by changing
The distance between waveguide channels are realized.
Further, it is described to change the distance between described waveguide channels, by the width or described for changing the waveguide
The magnetized state of permanent thin film is realized in waveguide.
Further, the propagation trajectories of the regulation spin wave, by the magnetic for changing permanent thin film in the waveguide
Change state is realized.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention provides a kind of modulator approach of spin wave in automatic biasing magnon waveguide,
A kind of can be to spin wave in magnon waveguide based on PABX networking magnetic structure a variety of disseminations are modulated, modulation
Method is simple, and operability and controllability are strong.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutoff frequency of the maximum spin wave that can induct in frequencies of propagation and both sides raceway groove of spin wave in intermediate channel
The curve that rate changes with permanent thin film anisotropy.
The spectrum distribution of spin wave when Fig. 2 is duct width w=400nm.
The spectrum distribution of spin wave when Fig. 3 is duct width w=320nm.
The magnon waveguide schematic diagram based on exchange-spring structures that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the image that low frequency spin wave is propagated in middle and both sides raceway groove simultaneously.
Fig. 6 is the dispersion curve that spin wave is propagated in intermediate channel.
Fig. 7 is the dispersion curve that spin wave is propagated in the raceway groove of both sides.
Fig. 8 is the image that high frequency spin wave is only propagated in intermediate channel.
Embodiment
The embodiment of technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Following examples are only used for
Clearly illustrate technical scheme, therefore be intended only as example, and the protection of the present invention can not be limited with this
Scope.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of modulator approach of spin wave in automatic biasing magnon waveguide, for exchanging
The spin wave propagated in the magnon waveguide of elastic construction is modulated, and the propagation row to spin wave can be realized by this method
For regulation, wherein, the dissemination include spin wave propagate raceway groove 1 in maximum propagation frequency, cut-off frequency and biography
Broadcast track etc..
Spin wave can be propagated in three raceway grooves that PABX networking structure is produced.As magnon waveguide, work as spin
It is thin by the thickness, the anisotropy constant of soft magnetic film 3, the Hard Magnetic that change permanent thin film 2 when ripple is propagated in middle raceway groove
The parameters such as the spin-exchange-coupled coefficient between film 2 and soft magnetic film 3 can adjust spin wave be bound propagate in channels without
It is diffused into the peak frequency in whole film；Distance, direction by changing raceway groove etc. can adjust the propagation trajectories of spin wave.
The modulator approach is specially：Regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel
Rate, adjusts the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of the waveguide both sides, and adjusts the propagation trajectories of the spin wave.
Preferably, the regulation to above-mentioned maximum propagation frequency can be realized by following several ways：One, change the waveguide
The anisotropy size of middle permanent thin film 2；Two, change the thickness of soft magnetic film 3 in the waveguide；Three, change in the waveguide
Spin-exchange-coupled coefficient between permanent thin film 2 and soft magnetic film 3.
, can be different hard by choosing it is further preferred that change the anisotropy size of permanent thin film 2 in the waveguide
The material of magnetic thin film 2 realizes, selectable hard magnetic material include Co/Pd, Co/Pt, [Co/Pd]/Fe [Co/Pd], Co/Ni,
The multi-layer film structures such as CoNi/Pt, CoFe/Pd or CoFe/Ni.The anisotropy of permanent thin film 2 is bigger, and spin wave can be in raceway groove
The peak frequency of middle propagation is bigger, in intermediate channel the maximum of spin wave can frequencies of propagation with permanent thin film 2 it is anisotropic become
Change, as shown in the change curve of upside in Fig. 1, wherein, parameter fmaxRepresent above-mentioned maximum can frequencies of propagation, MC represents intermediate sulcus
Road, in the variation tendency of the curve, intermediate channel the maximum of spin wave can frequencies of propagation with the anisotropy of permanent thin film 2
Increase and it is big.
It is further preferred that changing the thickness of soft magnetic film 3 in the waveguide, by the life for controlling the film of soft magnetic film 3
Realize for a long time.When growing soft magnetic film 3, the growth time of control film can obtain the soft magnetic film 3 of different-thickness.
The growth time of film is convenient to be controlled so that the change controllability to the thickness of soft magnetic film 3 is stronger.
It is further preferred that change the spin-exchange-coupled coefficient in the waveguide between permanent thin film 2 and soft magnetic film 3, can
Realized, according to design parameter demand, may be used also by adjusting the thickness of insulating barrier between the permanent thin film 2 and soft magnetic film 3
To remove insulating barrier.The thickness of insulating barrier is controllable, and to change above-mentioned spin-exchange-coupled coefficient, effect is obvious.
Preferably, the regulation to above-mentioned cut-off frequency can be realized by following two modes：One, change in the waveguide
The anisotropy size of permanent thin film 2；Two, change the distance between raceway groove of the waveguide.
, can be different hard by choosing it is further preferred that change the anisotropy size of permanent thin film 2 in the waveguide
The material of magnetic thin film 2 realizes, selectable hard magnetic material include Co/Pd, Co/Pt, [Co/Pd]/Fe [Co/Pd], Co/Ni,
The multi-layer film structures such as CoNi/Pt, CoFe/Pd or CoFe/Ni.The anisotropy of permanent thin film 2 is bigger, and spin wave can be in raceway groove
The peak frequency of middle propagation is bigger, and the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of both sides is with the anisotropic change of permanent thin film 2
As shown in the change curve of downside in Fig. 1, wherein, parameter fc represents above-mentioned cut-off frequency, and BCs represents both sides raceway groove, by the song
The variation tendency of line understands that the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of both sides is big with the increase of the anisotropy of permanent thin film 2.
The distance between it is further preferred that change the raceway groove of the waveguide, by the width or the institute that change the waveguide
The magnetized state of permanent thin film 2 in waveguide is stated to realize.As spin wave filter, when inducting, spin wave is passed in the raceway groove of both sides
Sowing time, the cut-off frequency of spin wave can be given birth to Perceived control by adjusting the distance between middle and both sides raceway groove, and it is especially by following
Two methods realize the regulation to above-mentioned distance：One, by adjusting the width of magnon waveguide, can change between raceway groove away from
From；Two, change the magnetized state of permanent thin film 2, that is, adjust the width of four bar shaped magnetic domains, can also change between raceway groove away from
From.
Wherein, during duct width w=400nm spin wave spectrum distribution as shown in Fig. 2 during duct width w=320nm from
The spectrum distribution for revolving ripple is as shown in Figure 3.From Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, when duct width is different, the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting
Have differences, therefore the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting can be adjusted by changing duct width.
Preferably, can be by changing the magnetized state of permanent thin film 2 in the waveguide, to realize to above-mentioned propagation trajectories
Regulation.Specifically, in the case where other conditions are constant, change the initial magnetization state of permanent thin film 2, make bar shaped magnetic domain curved
It is bent, it is possible to achieve the bending of raceway groove, so as to change the propagation trajectories of spin wave.
Wherein, changing the initial magnetization state of permanent thin film 2 can be realized by changing the width of bar shaped magnetic domain, change bar
The width of shape magnetic domain is implemented with very high flexibility and reconfigurability.
First principles analysis to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
The modulator approach of spin wave in automatic biasing magnon waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the purpose is to automatic biasing
Spin wave in magnon waveguide is modulated, and magnon waveguide therein is patent《A kind of spin wave ripple of automatic biasing
Lead and preparation method thereof》Described in magnon waveguide.The waveguide includes substrate, and the permanent magnetism being sequentially formed on substrate is thin
Film, dielectric film, soft magnetic film and the multi-layer film structure of protective layer formation, the multi-layer film structure is perpendicular to film
In the magnetic field in face after saturated magnetization, the direction of magnetization of permanent magnetic thin film is overturn using the write-in magnetic field local of single-pole-piece magnetic head, you can shape
Into the magnon waveguide of automatic biasing.
As shown in figure 4, the magnon waveguide has hard/double membrane structure of soft magnetic film 3, wherein in permanent thin film and soft magnetism
There is insulating barrier the centre of film, and the insulating barrier is simultaneously not shown in FIG. 4.Due to there is very strong friendship between hard/soft magnetic film
Coupling is changed, the magnetized state of permanent thin film 2 will necessarily influence the magnetic moment of soft magnetic film 3 to be distributed.Double-layer filmses distance is nearer,
This exchange-coupling interaction is stronger.The anisotropy of permanent thin film 2 is different in the waveguide, it is stable after magnetized state not yet
Together, and then the magnetostatic energy of soft magnetic film 3, the propagation of final influence spin wave are influenceed.And change the thickness of soft magnetic film 3 and insulating barrier
Degree can adjust the spin-exchange-coupled size between hard/soft magnetic film 3, so as to influence the dissemination of spin wave.
Similarly, when the magnetized state change of permanent thin film 2, when bar shaped magnetic domain bends, the raceway groove in soft magnetic film 3
Bend, so that the propagation trajectories of the spin wave changed.
Further, since there is dipolar interaction and exchange interaction between magnetic moment, when the frequency of spin wave in middle raceway groove
When rate is relatively low, spin wave is dominated by dipolar interaction, and the dipolar interaction of this long-range can cross the barrier of raceway groove simultaneously
Spin wave of inducting is induced in the raceway groove of both sides, as shown in the image in figure 5, low frequency spin wave is simultaneously in middle and both sides raceway groove
Middle to propagate but different from the dispersion situation propagated in the raceway groove of both sides in the dispersion situation that intermediate channel is propagated, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show
Go out in the case of this kind, spin wave is in intermediate channel and the dispersion curve propagated in the raceway groove of both sides；And when frequency is higher,
The propagation of spin wave is dominated by exchange interaction, because exchange interaction is shot-range interaction, therefore can not be crossed barrier and generated
Spin wave, as shown in the image in Fig. 8, high frequency spin wave is propagated because that can not cross barrier only in intermediate channel.With reference to Fig. 5 and
The contrast of image and frequency understands that, with the increase of channel distance, only more low-frequency spin wave can just cross wall in Fig. 8
Base induces spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of both sides.
Based on above content, what the embodiment of the present invention can reach has the technical effect that：Multiple biographies to spin wave can be achieved
Broadcast the modulation of behavior；On the premise of spin wave normal propagation is ensured, the spin wave modulator approach that the present invention is provided is implemented
More facilitate, controllability is stronger；External modulation module is not contained, is conducive to reducing the size and reduction power consumption of device；Wherein, adjust
The initial magnetization state of permanent thin film 2 is saved with very high flexibility and reconfigurability.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme, it all should cover among the claim of the present invention and the scope of specification.
Claims (10)
1. the modulator approach of spin wave in a kind of automatic biasing magnon waveguide, for the dissemination to spin wave in the waveguide
It is modulated, the dissemination includes maximum propagation frequency, cut-off frequency and the propagation trajectories of spin wave, it is characterised in that
Methods described includes：
Regulation spin wave can be strapped in the maximum propagation frequency in the waveguide intermediate channel；
Adjust the cut-off frequency for spin wave of inducting in the raceway groove of the waveguide both sides；
Adjust the propagation trajectories of the spin wave.
2. modulator approach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the regulation spin wave can be strapped in the waveguide
The cut-off frequency of spin wave, passes through in maximum propagation frequency in intermediate channel, and the regulation waveguide both sides raceway groove
Change the anisotropy size of permanent thin film in the waveguide to realize.
3. modulator approach according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the change waveguide permanent thin film it is each to
Different in nature size, the permanent thin film material different by choosing is realized.
4. modulator approach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the regulation spin wave can be strapped in the waveguide
Maximum propagation frequency in intermediate channel, is realized by changing the thickness of soft magnetic film in the waveguide.
5. modulator approach according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the thickness of soft magnetic film in the change waveguide
Degree, by controlling the growth time of soft magnetic film to realize.
6. modulator approach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the regulation spin wave can be strapped in the waveguide
Maximum propagation frequency in intermediate channel, by changing the spin-exchange-coupled system in the waveguide between permanent thin film and soft magnetic film
Count to realize.
7. modulator approach according to claim 6, it is characterised in that change permanent thin film and soft magnetic film in the waveguide
Between spin-exchange-coupled coefficient, the thickness that insulating barrier between the permanent thin film and soft magnetic film is located at by adjusting carrys out reality
It is existing.
8. modulator approach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that induct in the regulation waveguide both sides raceway groove certainly
The cut-off frequency of ripple is revolved, is realized by changing the distance between described waveguide channels.
9. modulator approach according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the distance between described described waveguide channels of change,
Realized by changing the width of the waveguide or the magnetized state of permanent thin film in the waveguide.
10. modulator approach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the propagation trajectories of the regulation spin wave, leads to
Cross and change the magnetized state of permanent thin film in the waveguide to realize.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109962706A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-02 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of spin wave logical device based on Bloch type domain wall |
| CN110456288A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-15 | 重庆大学 | Measurement Method for Magnetic Field, magnetic field sensor and preparation method based on magnetothermal effect |
| CN111355007A (en) * | 2020-02-15 | 2020-06-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Y3Fe5O12Magneton waveguide spin wave band-pass filter and regulation and control method thereof |
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| CN106252813A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of spin wave waveguide of automatic biasing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104779342A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Logic device based on spin wave interference and multiferroic material |
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| CN109962706A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-02 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of spin wave logical device based on Bloch type domain wall |
| CN110456288A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-15 | 重庆大学 | Measurement Method for Magnetic Field, magnetic field sensor and preparation method based on magnetothermal effect |
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