CN107274361A - Landsat TM remote sensing image datas remove cloud method and system - Google Patents

Landsat TM remote sensing image datas remove cloud method and system Download PDF

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CN107274361A
CN107274361A CN201710384330.9A CN201710384330A CN107274361A CN 107274361 A CN107274361 A CN 107274361A CN 201710384330 A CN201710384330 A CN 201710384330A CN 107274361 A CN107274361 A CN 107274361A
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cloud
msub
landsat
thickc
mrow
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CN107274361B (en
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韩宇
陈劲松
郭善昕
王久娟
张彦南
姜小砾
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • G06T5/70
    • G06T5/77
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/10Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/136Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10032Satellite or aerial image; Remote sensing
    • G06T2207/10036Multispectral image; Hyperspectral image
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30181Earth observation

Abstract

Cloud method is removed the present invention relates to a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas, including:Input Landsat TM remote sensing image datas;Multi-scale division is carried out to above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image datas;To the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to spissatus spectrum characteristic, operating characteristic " ThickC " is set up;The object that the operating characteristic " ThickC " of threshold condition will be met is classified to " Thick Cloud " by " unclassified ";To the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to the spectrum characteristic and characteristic distributions of thin cloud, opening relationships feature " ThinC ";In remaining " unclassified " object, the object " unclassified " for the condition that meets is classified to " Thin Cloud " using dual threshold classification;By it is above-mentioned be classified to " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object homogeneous classification to " Cloud ", complete data remove cloud.Cloud system is removed the invention further relates to a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas.The present invention can efficiently reduce or remove the influence of cloud, reduce wrong point, leak sub-category amount, improve classification effectiveness and precision.

Description

Landsat TM remote sensing image datas remove cloud method and system
Technical field
Cloud method and system are removed the present invention relates to a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas.
Background technology
It is a kind of phenomenon very common during Remote Sensing Data Processing that obnubilation, which covers, is especially utilizing remotely-sensed data to carry out soil When cover monitoring, renewal, due to blocking for cloud layer, the efficiency that data are utilized is had a strong impact on.On the other hand, cloud and mist is South China Target in air at most, least stable, understands at State Satellite Meterological Center at retrieval, due to the influence of cloud and mist, obtains South China region NOAA/AVHRR remotely-sensed datas average effectiveness level less than 7%, in any time of sensors for data The situation that cloud and mist is blocked all is likely encountered, because the presence of cloud, is needed when carrying out using satellite remote sensing images and drawing etc. and apply Consume the substantial amounts of energy of related work person and remove cloud.
Due to weather, it is difficult to obtain cloudless remote sensing image completely, most of remote sensing image when obtaining meeting or More or less influenceed by cloud, this is brought to being changed the research work such as monitoring, land cover classification using remote sensing image Huge trouble, therefore except cloud also becomes the big problem that numerous Landsat TM apply worker to face.
Numerous except in cloud, if data have large-scale thin cloud, using homomorphic filtering method preferably, this is Because homomorphic filtering method combines frequency filter with grey scale change, separation cloud and background atural object are finally removed from image The influence of cloud, but this method is due to being related to wave filter and the selection by frequency, during filtering sometimes Some useful informations are lost, and for this computationally intensive remotely-sensed datas of Landsat TM, are operated very inconvenient, and And for there is spissatus image cannot be in this way.When having large stretch of spissatus in the data of processing, conventional hand Section is to use time averaging method, but this algorithm is only applicable to characters of ground object and changes over time less region, for The remote sensing image of this middle temporal resolutions of Landsat TM is tended not to this simple alternate algorithm.
In summary, in the case of limited spectral resolution ratio, cloud covering noise is difficult to be gone with multispectral method Remove, for the low remote sensing platform of temporal resolution, except cloud is one of key factor for causing remotely-sensed data utilization rate low, and And have a strong impact on subsequently using for remotely-sensed data, such as image recognition, variation monitoring, supervised classification etc. application problem.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas except cloud method and system.
The present invention provides a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas and removes cloud method, and this method comprises the following steps:A. it is defeated Enter Landsat TM remote sensing image datas;B. using Object--oriented method is based on, to above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image numbers According to progress multi-scale division;C. to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to spissatus spectrum Feature, sets up operating characteristic " ThickC ";D. threshold classification method is utilized, the operating characteristic " ThickC " of threshold condition will be met Object is classified to " Thick Cloud " by " unclassified ";E. to the Landsat TM remote sensing after above-mentioned multi-scale division Image data, according to the spectrum characteristic and characteristic distributions of thin cloud, opening relationships feature " ThinC ";F. remaining In " unclassified " object, the object " unclassified " for the condition that meets is classified to using dual threshold classification “Thin Cloud”;G. " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object homogeneous classification is extremely are classified to by above-mentioned " Cloud ", completes data and removes cloud.
Wherein, the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas include 7 spectral coverages:B1Bluish-green spectral coverage, B2Green spectral coverage, B3Red spectrum Section, B4Near-infrared spectral coverage, B5Nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage, B6Thermal infrared spectral coverage, B7Nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage.
Described step b is specifically included:According to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of input, imaged object layer is set up; Selection participates in the weight for each wave band data that multi-scale division is calculated;The scale parameter of multi-scale division is set;Many chis are set Spend the form parameter of segmentation;Degree of the compacting parameter of multi-scale division is set;The knot of multi-scale division is calculated on imaged object layer Really, it is " unclassified " object produced after segmentation to be assigned into class.
Described step c is specifically included:For each object ω={ P1,P2,P3,…,Pn, P is included by the object Pixel, the pixel quantity that n is included for the object, the specific formula for calculation of its operating characteristic " ThickC " is as follows:Wherein, Wherein, ThickC represents the operating characteristic of the object The numerical value of " ThickC ";
N represents the pixel quantity that the object is included;Represent the B of a pixel2Brightness value;Represent a pixel B4Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel7Brightness value;C represents a scaling constant, is set according to user's request;To shadow As each object { ω in object layer123,…,ωn{ operating characteristic " ThickC " is all calculated respectively.
Described step e is specifically included:" ThinC " if represent centered on an object object, Edge Distance this The beeline at center object edge will be used as the calculating center object relationship characteristic no more than other objects of d pixel The element of " ThinC " value, it is described as follows:
Wherein, d represents pre-determined distance value;d(ωij) represent object ωiWith object ωjThe distance between;Table Show the set for all objects for participating in calculated relationship feature " ThinC ";{ω∣d(ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j= 1,2,3 ..., n } represent to meet Rule of judgment d (ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2,3 ..., n all objects Set;
According to operating characteristic and its statistic algorithm calculated relationship feature " ThinC ": Wherein, ThinC represents the relationship characteristic value of the object;ThickC represents to participate in the operating characteristic of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC " " ThickC " value;N represents to participate in the quantity of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".
The present invention provides a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas and removes cloud system, and the system, which includes the system, includes input Module, segmentation module, operating characteristic set up module, sort module, relationship characteristic and set up module, wherein:The input module is used In input Landsat TM remote sensing image datas;The segmentation module is used for using Object--oriented method is based on, to above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image datas carry out multi-scale division;The operating characteristic, which sets up module, to be used for above-mentioned multi-scale division Landsat TM remote sensing image datas afterwards, according to spissatus spectrum characteristic, set up operating characteristic " ThickC ";The classification mould Block is used to utilize threshold classification method, will meet the object of operating characteristic " ThickC " of threshold condition by " unclassified " point Class is to " Thick Cloud ";The relationship characteristic, which sets up module, to be used for the Landsat TM remote sensing after above-mentioned multi-scale division Image data, according to the spectrum characteristic and characteristic distributions of thin cloud, opening relationships feature " ThinC ";The sort module is additionally operable to In remaining " unclassified " object, the object " unclassified " for the condition that meets is divided using dual threshold classification Class is to " Thin Cloud ";The sort module is additionally operable to be classified to " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud's " by above-mentioned Object homogeneous classification completes data and removes cloud to " Cloud ".
Wherein, described Landsat TM remote sensing image datas include 7 spectral coverages:B1Bluish-green spectral coverage, B2Green spectral coverage, B3It is red Spectral coverage, B4Near-infrared spectral coverage, B5Nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage, B6Thermal infrared spectral coverage, B7Nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage.
Described segmentation module specifically for:According to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of input, imaged object is set up Layer;Selection participates in the weight for each wave band data that multi-scale division is calculated;The scale parameter of multi-scale division is set;Set many The form parameter of multi-scale segmentation;Degree of the compacting parameter of multi-scale division is set;Multi-scale division is calculated on imaged object layer As a result, it is " unclassified " object produced after segmentation to be assigned into class.
Described operating characteristic set up module specifically for:
For each object ω={ P1,P2,P3,…,Pn, the pixel that P is included for the object, n is wrapped by the object The pixel quantity contained, the specific formula for calculation of its operating characteristic " ThickC " is as follows:
Wherein,
Wherein, ThickC represents the numerical value of the operating characteristic " ThickC " of the object;N represents the pixel that the object is included Quantity;Represent the B of a pixel2Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel4Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel7 Brightness value;C represents a scaling constant, is set according to user's request;
To each object { ω in imaged object layer123,…,ωnOperating characteristic is all calculated respectively “ThickC”。
Described relationship characteristic set up module specifically for:
" ThinC " is if represent object, the most short distance at this center object edge of Edge Distance centered on an object Will be as the element for calculating center object relationship characteristic " ThinC " value from other objects no more than d pixel, it is described such as Under:
Wherein, d represents pre-determined distance value;d(ωij) represent object ωiWith object ωjThe distance between;Table Show the set for all objects for participating in calculated relationship feature " ThinC ";{ω∣d(ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j= 1,2,3 ..., n } represent to meet Rule of judgment d (ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2,3 ..., n all objects Set;
According to operating characteristic and its statistic algorithm calculated relationship feature " ThinC ":
Wherein, ThinC represents the relationship characteristic value of the object;ThickC represents to participate in calculated relationship feature " ThinC " Operating characteristic " ThickC " value of object;N represents to participate in the quantity of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".
Spissatus identification technology and Bao Yun identification technologies have been effectively incorporated into one by the present invention according to its NATURAL DISTRIBUTION rule Rise, it is relatively low for temporal resolution, it is difficult to which that for the Landsat TM data of time averaging method, the principle of the invention is very simple Single, relatively low to the quality requirement of data, seldom, computational efficiency is higher, strong robustness for operational parameter, obtained cloud recognition result compared with To be reliable, the influence of cloud can be efficiently reduced or removed, classification difficulty is alleviated for classification worker, reduce wrong point, leakage Sub-category amount, improves classification effectiveness and precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of the present invention remove cloud method;
Fig. 2 is the hardware architecture diagram that Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of the present invention remove cloud system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further detailed explanation.
As shown in fig.1, being the job stream that Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of the present invention remove cloud method preferred embodiment Cheng Tu.
Step S1, inputs Landsat TM remote sensing image datas.Wherein:
The Landsat TM remote sensing image datas include 7 spectral coverages, are respectively:3 visible spectrums, 1 near-infrared Spectral coverage, 2 nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverages, 1 thermal infrared spectral coverage, 3 visible spectrums include:It is bluish-green spectral coverage, green spectral coverage, red Spectral coverage;And be named as 7 spectral coverages successively:B1(bluish-green spectral coverage), B2(green spectral coverage), B3(red spectral coverage), B4(near-infrared spectra Section), B5(nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage), B6(thermal infrared spectral coverage), B7(nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage).
Step S2, using based on Object--oriented method, is carried out multiple dimensioned to above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Segmentation.Specifically:
Participating in the wave band of multi-scale division includes B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B7, in the present embodiment, segmentation yardstick is set to 50, form factor and degree of the compacting factor are voluntarily adjusted according to user's request, are by the object produced after segmentation tax class “unclassified”。
Further, the flow of multi-scale division is as follows:
(1) according to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of input, imaged object layer is set up;
(2) selection participates in the weight for each wave band data that multi-scale division is calculated, and the wave band of segmentation is participated in herein and is included B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B7, weight is disposed as 1 in the present embodiment, can also be changed according to user's request;
(3) scale parameter of multi-scale division is set, in the present embodiment according to Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Classification characteristicses are set to 50, can also be changed according to user's request;
(4) form parameter of multi-scale division is set, in the present embodiment according to Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Classification characteristicses are set to 0.1, can also be changed according to user's request;
(5) degree of the compacting parameter of multi-scale division is set, in the present embodiment according to Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Classification characteristicses be set to 0.3, can also be changed according to user's request;
(6) result of multi-scale division is calculated on imaged object layer, is by the object produced after segmentation tax class “unclassified”。
Step S3, to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to spissatus (Thick Cloud spectrum characteristic), sets up operating characteristic " ThickC ".Namely:
It is according to spectrum characteristic spissatus in the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas, i.e., spissatus in wave band B2、B4、B7On Will be much higher than other ground class with higher brightness value, and often, in order to stretch this species diversity, the present embodiment builds one Plant the thicker cloud of new operating characteristic " ThickC " automatic distinguishing and other atural objects.Specifically include:
(1) for each object ω={ P1,P2,P3,…,Pn, the pixel that P is included for the object, n is the object Comprising pixel quantity, the specific formula for calculation of its operating characteristic " ThickC " is as follows:
Wherein,
Wherein, ThickC represents the numerical value of the operating characteristic " ThickC " of the object;N represents the pixel that the object is included Quantity;Represent the B of a pixel2Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel4Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel7 Brightness value;C represents a scaling constant, is set according to user's request.
(2) to each object { ω in imaged object layer123,…,ωnOperating characteristic is all calculated respectively “ThickC”。
Step S4, using threshold classification method, will meet threshold condition operating characteristic " ThickC " object by " unclassified " is classified to " Thick Cloud ".Namely:
The object of certain operating characteristic " ThickC " threshold k will be met by " unclassified " point using threshold classification method Class is to " Thick Cloud ", specific formula is as follows:
Wherein, K is the threshold value with reference to the setting of the factors such as the quality of image by user;Unclassified (ThickC) represents to divide Generic attribute is the ThickC value sets of Unclassified all objects;{ ThickC ∣ ThickC >=K } represents to meet ThickC The set of all objects of >=K conditions;Thick Cloud (ThickC) presentation class attribute is all right of Thick Cloud The ThickC value sets of elephant.
Step S5, to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to thin cloud (Thin Cloud spectrum characteristic) and characteristic distributions, opening relationships feature " ThinC ".Comprise the following steps that:
Except being identified according to spectrum characteristic spissatus in the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas containing spissatus pair As outer, contain substantial amounts of thin cloud toward contact in the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas, these thin clouds are often all distributed in thickness The edge zone of cloud is distributed in relatively spissatus region, can using the special distribution character of cloud layer in remotely-sensed data To construct Bao Yun recognition methods.Based on this principle, the present embodiment is except utilizing the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas In thin cloud spectrum characteristic outside, also use related in imaged object layer spatial location of thin cloud object and spissatus object and close System, constructs a kind of new cloud discrimination index and comes the relatively thin cloud of automatic distinguishing and other atural objects, the discrimination index is exactly that relation is special " ThinC " is levied, it is as follows that it implements step:
(1) with reference to factors such as the qualities of image, setting meets the pre-determined distance d values of user's accuracy requirement as far as possible.Pre-determined distance d It is a relative quantity, its value is weighed with the quantity of pixel in imaged object layer, and calculated relationship feature " ThinC " is participated in for limiting Object condition, " ThinC " if represent centered on an object object, this center object edge of Edge Distance is most Short distance will be as the element for calculating center object relationship characteristic " ThinC " value no more than other objects of d pixel, and it is retouched State as follows:
Wherein, d represents pre-determined distance value;d(ωij) represent object ωiWith object ωjThe distance between;Table Show the set for all objects for participating in calculated relationship feature " ThinC ";{ω∣d(ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j= 1,2,3 ..., n } represent to meet Rule of judgment d (ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2,3 ..., n all objects Set.
In simple terms, pre-determined distance d values be to provide center object and around it participate in calculated relationship characteristic value its The syntople of its object, this syntople is that the object of sensu lato syntople, i.e., two can be with imaged object layer Contact, can not also be contacted.D values are small, then the number of objects for participating in calculated relationship characteristic value is just few;D values are big, then participate in calculating and close Be characteristic value number of objects it is just many, the sizes of d values depending on thin cloud and it is spissatus between position relationship, by user's foundation precision Demand is set.
(2) according to operating characteristic and its statistic algorithm calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".When participation calculated relationship feature After the object of " ThinC " is all determined, it is possible to the calculating of relationship characteristic " ThinC " is carried out according to formula below:
Wherein, ThinC represents the relationship characteristic value of the object;ThickC represents to participate in calculated relationship feature " ThinC " Operating characteristic " ThickC " value of object;N represents to participate in the quantity of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".
Step S6, in remaining " unclassified " object, using dual threshold classification by the object for the condition that meets " unclassified " is classified to that " Thin Cloud ", 2 characteristic of divisions of use are respectively operating characteristic " ThickC " and pass It is feature " ThinC ".Specifically:
The object " unclassified " for the condition that meets is classified to " Thin Cloud ", use using dual threshold classification 2 characteristic of divisions be respectively operating characteristic " ThickC " and relationship characteristic " ThinC ", specific formula is as follows:
Wherein, K1For by threshold value of the user with reference to the setting of the factors such as the quality of image;K2For by user with reference to quality of image etc. because The threshold value of element setting;Unclassified (ThickC, ThinC) presentation class attribute is Unclassified all objects (ThickC, ThinC) value set;{ ThickC, ThinC ∣ ThickC >=K1, and ThinC >=K2Represent to meet ThickC >=K1, And ThinC >=K2The set of all objects of condition;Thin Cloud (ThickC, ThinC) presentation class attribute is Thin (ThickC, ThinC) value set of Cloud all objects.
Step S7, " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object homogeneous classification is extremely are classified to by above-mentioned " Cloud ", completes data and removes cloud.Specifically:
It is " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object is unified to assign classification " Cloud ", so far by category attribute Just the cloud identifying processing to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas is completed, the arrow with cloud category attribute has been finally given Measure data.
As shown in fig.2, being the hardware architecture diagram that Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of the present invention remove cloud system 10.This is System includes:Input module 101, segmentation module 102, operating characteristic set up module 103, sort module 104, relationship characteristic and set up mould Block 105.
The input module 101 is used to input Landsat TM remote sensing image datas.Wherein:
The Landsat TM remote sensing image datas include 7 spectral coverages, are respectively:3 visible spectrums, 1 near-infrared Spectral coverage, 2 nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverages, 1 thermal infrared spectral coverage, 3 visible spectrums include:It is bluish-green spectral coverage, green spectral coverage, red Spectral coverage;And be named as 7 spectral coverages successively:B1(bluish-green spectral coverage), B2(green spectral coverage), B3(red spectral coverage), B4(near-infrared spectra Section), B5(nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage), B6(thermal infrared spectral coverage), B7(nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage).
The segmentation module 102 is used for using Object--oriented method is based on, to above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image numbers According to progress multi-scale division.Specifically:
Participating in the wave band of multi-scale division includes B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B7, in the present embodiment, segmentation yardstick is set to 50, form factor and degree of the compacting factor are voluntarily adjusted according to user's request, are by the object produced after segmentation tax class “unclassified”。
Further, it is described segmentation module 102 specifically for:
(1) according to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of input, imaged object layer is set up;
(2) selection participates in the weight for each wave band data that multi-scale division is calculated, and the wave band of segmentation is participated in herein and is included B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B7, weight is disposed as 1 in the present embodiment, can also be changed according to user's request;
(3) scale parameter of multi-scale division is set, in the present embodiment according to Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Classification characteristicses are set to 50, can also be changed according to user's request;
(4) form parameter of multi-scale division is set, in the present embodiment according to Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Classification characteristicses are set to 0.1, can also be changed according to user's request;
(5) degree of the compacting parameter of multi-scale division is set, in the present embodiment according to Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Classification characteristicses be set to 0.3, can also be changed according to user's request;
(6) result of multi-scale division is calculated on imaged object layer, is by the object produced after segmentation tax class “unclassified”。
The operating characteristic, which sets up module 103, to be used for the Landsat TM remote sensing image numbers after above-mentioned multi-scale division According to according to the spectrum characteristic of spissatus (Thick Cloud), setting up operating characteristic " ThickC ".Namely:
The operating characteristic sets up module 103 according to Spectral Properties spissatus in the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas Point, i.e., it is spissatus in wave band B2、B4、B7It is upper that there is higher brightness value, and often will be much higher than other ground class, in order to draw This species diversity is stretched, the present embodiment builds a kind of thicker cloud of new operating characteristic " ThickC " automatic distinguishing and other atural objects.Tool Body includes:
(1) for each object ω={ P1,P2,P3,…,Pn, the pixel that P is included for the object, n is the object Comprising pixel quantity, the specific formula for calculation of its operating characteristic " ThickC " is as follows:
Wherein,
Wherein, ThickC represents the numerical value of the operating characteristic " ThickC " of the object;N represents the pixel that the object is included Quantity;Represent the B of a pixel2Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel4Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel7 Brightness value;C represents a scaling constant, is set according to user's request.
(2) to each object { ω in imaged object layer123,…,ωnOperating characteristic is all calculated respectively “ThickC”。
The sort module 104 is used to utilize threshold classification method, will meet the operating characteristic " ThickC " of threshold condition Object is classified to " Thick Cloud " by " unclassified ".Namely:
The object of certain operating characteristic " ThickC " threshold k will be met by " unclassified " point using threshold classification method Class is to " Thick Cloud ", specific formula is as follows:
Wherein, K is the threshold value with reference to the setting of the factors such as the quality of image by user;Unclassified (ThickC) represents to divide Generic attribute is the ThickC value sets of Unclassified all objects;{ ThickC ∣ ThickC >=K } represents to meet ThickC The set of all objects of >=K conditions;Thick Cloud (ThickC) presentation class attribute is all right of Thick Cloud The ThickC value sets of elephant.
The relationship characteristic, which sets up module 105, to be used for the Landsat TM remote sensing image numbers after above-mentioned multi-scale division According to according to the spectrum characteristic and characteristic distributions of thin cloud (Thin Cloud), opening relationships feature " ThinC ".It is specific as follows:
Except being identified according to spectrum characteristic spissatus in the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas containing spissatus pair As outer, contain substantial amounts of thin cloud toward contact in the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas, these thin clouds are often all distributed in thickness The edge zone of cloud is distributed in relatively spissatus region, can using the special distribution character of cloud layer in remotely-sensed data To construct Bao Yun recognition methods.Based on this principle, the present embodiment is except utilizing the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas In thin cloud spectrum characteristic outside, also use related in imaged object layer spatial location of thin cloud object and spissatus object and close System, constructs a kind of new cloud discrimination index and comes the relatively thin cloud of automatic distinguishing and other atural objects, the discrimination index is exactly that relation is special " ThinC " is levied, its is specific as follows:
(1) with reference to factors such as the qualities of image, setting meets the pre-determined distance d values of user's accuracy requirement as far as possible.Pre-determined distance d It is a relative quantity, its value is weighed with the quantity of pixel in imaged object layer, and calculated relationship feature " ThinC " is participated in for limiting Object condition, " ThinC " if represent centered on an object object, this center object edge of Edge Distance is most Short distance will be as the element for calculating center object relationship characteristic " ThinC " value no more than other objects of d pixel, and it is retouched State as follows:
Wherein, d represents pre-determined distance value;d(ωij) represent object ωiWith object ωjThe distance between;Table Show the set for all objects for participating in calculated relationship feature " ThinC ";{ω∣d(ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j= 1,2,3 ..., n } represent to meet Rule of judgment d (ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2,3 ..., n all objects Set.
In simple terms, pre-determined distance d values be to provide center object and around it participate in calculated relationship characteristic value its The syntople of its object, this syntople is that the object of sensu lato syntople, i.e., two can be with imaged object layer Contact, can not also be contacted.D values are small, then the number of objects for participating in calculated relationship characteristic value is just few;D values are big, then participate in calculating and close Be characteristic value number of objects it is just many, the sizes of d values depending on thin cloud and it is spissatus between position relationship, by user's foundation precision Demand is set.
(2) according to operating characteristic and its statistic algorithm calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".When participation calculated relationship feature After the object of " ThinC " is all determined, it is possible to the calculating of relationship characteristic " ThinC " is carried out according to formula below:
Wherein, ThinC represents the relationship characteristic value of the object;ThickC represents to participate in calculated relationship feature " ThinC " Operating characteristic " ThickC " value of object;N represents to participate in the quantity of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".
The sort module 104 is additionally operable in remaining " unclassified " object, will using dual threshold classification The object " unclassified " for meeting condition is classified to that " Thin Cloud ", 2 characteristic of divisions of use are respectively that computing is special Levy " ThickC " and relationship characteristic " ThinC ".Specifically:
The object " unclassified " for the condition that meets is classified to " Thin Cloud ", use using dual threshold classification 2 characteristic of divisions be respectively operating characteristic " ThickC " and relationship characteristic " ThinC ", specific formula is as follows:
Wherein, K1For by threshold value of the user with reference to the setting of the factors such as the quality of image;K2For by user with reference to quality of image etc. because The threshold value of element setting;Unclassified (ThickC, ThinC) presentation class attribute is Unclassified all objects (ThickC, ThinC) value set;{ ThickC, ThinC ∣ ThickC >=K1, and ThinC >=K1Represent to meet ThickC >=K1, And ThinC >=K2The set of all objects of condition;ThinCloud (ThickC, ThinC) presentation class attribute is Thin (ThickC, ThinC) value set of Cloud all objects.
The sort module 104 is additionally operable to be classified to " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object system by above-mentioned One is classified to " Cloud ", completes data and removes cloud.Specifically:
It is " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object is unified to assign classification " Cloud ", so far by category attribute Just the cloud identifying processing to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas is completed, the arrow with cloud category attribute has been finally given Measure data.
It should be noted that the present invention be directed to the design of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas, and obtained more Preferable experimental result, in theory for, band class information and the Landsat TM of the remote sensing image data simply entered more connect Closely, it can be carried out using similar method or system except cloud processing, all within the scope of the present invention.
An important image classification method used in the present invention is exactly the sorting technique of facing elephant.Object-oriented Minimum unit handled by sorting technique is the object of multiple pixels composition containing more semantic informations, and is no longer towards picture Single pixel handled by the sorting technique of member.For object is compared to pixel, not only contain spectral information, also contain such as The semantic information of the more horn of plenty such as geological information, texture information, topology information, relative position information.The classification side of object-oriented Method has two important advantages:1) object-based classification processing can respectively be carried out in different scale layers, so that effectively Overcome the taxonomic defficiency based on single pixel, single level;2) the utilized characteristic of division of object-based classification is multi-semantic meaning , there are characteristics of objects, class correlated characteristic, scene characteristic etc., can effectively overcome the limitation only brought using spectral classification Problem.
Although the present invention is described with reference to current better embodiment, those skilled in the art should be able to manage Solution, above-mentioned better embodiment is only used for illustrating the present invention, any in the present invention not for limiting protection scope of the present invention Spirit and spirit within, any modification, equivalence replacement, improvements for being done etc., should be included in the present invention right guarantor Within the scope of shield.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas remove cloud method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
A. Landsat TM remote sensing image datas are inputted;
B. using Object--oriented method is based on, multi-scale division is carried out to above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image datas;
C. to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to spissatus spectrum characteristic, computing is set up Feature " ThickC ";
D. threshold classification method is utilized, the object of operating characteristic " ThickC " of threshold condition will be met by " unclassified " point Class is to " Thick Cloud ";
E. it is special according to the spectrum characteristic of thin cloud and distribution to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division Point, opening relationships feature " ThinC ";
F. in remaining " unclassified " object, using dual threshold classification by the object for the condition that meets " unclassified " is classified to " Thin Cloud ";
G. " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object homogeneous classification to " Cloud ", completion data are classified to by above-mentioned Except cloud.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas include 7 spectral coverages: B1Bluish-green spectral coverage, B2Green spectral coverage, B3Red spectral coverage, B4Near-infrared spectral coverage, B5Nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage, B6Thermal infrared spectral coverage, B7It is near short The infrared spectral coverage of ripple.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described step b is specifically included:
According to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of input, imaged object layer is set up;
Selection participates in the weight for each wave band data that multi-scale division is calculated;
The scale parameter of multi-scale division is set;
The form parameter of multi-scale division is set;
Degree of the compacting parameter of multi-scale division is set;
The result of multi-scale division is calculated on imaged object layer, it is " unclassified " that the object produced after segmentation is assigned into class.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described step c is specifically included:
For each object ω={ P1,P2,P3,…,Pn, the pixel that P is included for the object, n is included for the object Pixel quantity, the specific formula for calculation of its operating characteristic " ThickC " is as follows:
<mrow> <mi>T</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
Wherein,
<mrow> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msub> <mo>*</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </msub> <mo>*</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>7</mn> </msub> </msub> <mo>*</mo> <mi>C</mi> </mrow>
Wherein, ThickC represents the numerical value of the operating characteristic " ThickC " of the object;N represents the pixel number that the object is included Amount;Represent the B of a pixel2Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel4Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel7It is bright Angle value;C represents a scaling constant, is set according to user's request;
To each object { ω in imaged object layer123,…,ωnOperating characteristic " ThickC " is all calculated respectively.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described step e is specifically included:
" ThinC ", if representing the object centered on an object, the beeline at this center object edge of Edge Distance is not Other objects more than d pixel will be as the element for calculating center object relationship characteristic " ThinC " value, and it is described as follows:
Wherein, d represents pre-determined distance value;d(ωij) represent object ωiWith object ωjThe distance between;Represent to participate in The set of all objects of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ";{ω∣d(ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2, 3 ..., n } represent to meet Rule of judgment d (ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2,3 ..., the collection of n all objects Close;
According to operating characteristic and its statistic algorithm calculated relationship feature " ThinC ":
<mrow> <mi>T</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>ThickC</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
Wherein, ThinC represents the relationship characteristic value of the object;ThickC represents to participate in the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC " Operating characteristic " ThickC " value;N represents to participate in the quantity of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".
6. a kind of Landsat TM remote sensing image datas remove cloud system, it is characterised in that the system includes input module, segmentation mould Block, operating characteristic set up module, sort module, relationship characteristic and set up module, wherein:
The input module is used to input Landsat TM remote sensing image datas;
The segmentation module is used to, using Object--oriented method is based on, carry out above-mentioned Landsat TM remote sensing image datas many Multi-scale segmentation;
The operating characteristic, which sets up module, to be used for the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to thickness The spectrum characteristic of cloud, sets up operating characteristic " ThickC ";
The sort module be used for utilize threshold classification method, will meet threshold condition operating characteristic " ThickC " object by " unclassified " is classified to " Thick Cloud ";
The relationship characteristic, which sets up module, to be used for the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas after above-mentioned multi-scale division, according to thin The spectrum characteristic and characteristic distributions of cloud, opening relationships feature " ThinC ";
The sort module is additionally operable in remaining " unclassified " object, and condition will be met using dual threshold classification Object " unclassified " be classified to " Thin Cloud ";
The sort module is additionally operable to be classified to " Thick Cloud " and " Thin Cloud " object homogeneous classification is extremely by above-mentioned " Cloud ", completes data and removes cloud.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described Landsat TM remote sensing image datas include 7 spectrums Section:B1Bluish-green spectral coverage, B2Green spectral coverage, B3Red spectral coverage, B4Near-infrared spectral coverage, B5Nearly short-wave infrared spectral coverage, B6Thermal infrared spectral coverage, B7Closely Short-wave infrared spectral coverage.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described segmentation module specifically for:
According to the Landsat TM remote sensing image datas of input, imaged object layer is set up;
Selection participates in the weight for each wave band data that multi-scale division is calculated;
The scale parameter of multi-scale division is set;
The form parameter of multi-scale division is set;
Degree of the compacting parameter of multi-scale division is set;
The result of multi-scale division is calculated on imaged object layer, it is " unclassified " that the object produced after segmentation is assigned into class.
9. system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described operating characteristic set up module specifically for:
For each object ω={ P1,P2,P3,…,Pn, the pixel that P is included for the object, n is included for the object Pixel quantity, the specific formula for calculation of its operating characteristic " ThickC " is as follows:
<mrow> <mi>T</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
Wherein,
<mrow> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </msub> <mo>*</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </msub> <mo>*</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>7</mn> </msub> </msub> <mo>*</mo> <mi>C</mi> </mrow>
Wherein, ThickC represents the numerical value of the operating characteristic " ThickC " of the object;N represents the pixel number that the object is included Amount;Represent the B of a pixel2Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel4Brightness value;Represent the B of a pixel7It is bright Angle value;C represents a scaling constant, is set according to user's request;
To each object { ω in imaged object layer123,…,ωnOperating characteristic " ThickC " is all calculated respectively.
10. system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described relationship characteristic set up module specifically for:
" ThinC ", if representing the object centered on an object, the beeline at this center object edge of Edge Distance is not Other objects more than d pixel will be as the element for calculating center object relationship characteristic " ThinC " value, and it is described as follows:
Wherein, d represents pre-determined distance value;d(ωij) represent object ωiWith object ωjThe distance between;Represent to participate in The set of all objects of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ";{ω∣d(ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2, 3 ..., n } represent to meet Rule of judgment d (ωij)≤d, i=1,2,3 ..., n, j=1,2,3 ..., the collection of n all objects Close;
According to operating characteristic and its statistic algorithm calculated relationship feature " ThinC ":
<mrow> <mi>T</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>ThickC</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
Wherein, ThinC represents the relationship characteristic value of the object;ThickC represents to participate in the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC " Operating characteristic " ThickC " value;N represents to participate in the quantity of the object of calculated relationship feature " ThinC ".
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