CN107273410B - Block chain based distributed storage - Google Patents
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to block chain based distributed storage. A distributed storage method based on block chains is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a file to be stored and generating a hash value and an index of hash values for the file. The method also includes recording the hash value in a blockchain network and storing the file in a distributed network, wherein the file is located in the distributed network based on the hash value. Therefore, the embodiment of the disclosure can realize tamper-proof and distributed storage of files by combining the blockchain and the distributed file system, thereby solving the problem of limited capacity of the blockchain nodes and effectively ensuring the authenticity and availability of the stored files.
Description
Technical Field
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of file storage technologies, and more particularly, to a block chain based distributed storage method and apparatus.
Background
Blockchains are a decentralized storage and computation technique that creates persistent, non-modifiable records by stacking encrypted data blocks in chronological order and stores credits in individual nodes of a blockchain network so that a reliable database is maintained collectively in a decentralized manner. Each data block contains system data for a certain time and data fingerprints are generated for verifying the validity of the information and linking the next database block. Thus, blockchains have technical advantages in terms of data tamper resistance, transparency, and decentralization.
Typically, the internet agency guarantees the authenticity of a document (e.g., an electronic contract) through a third party digital signature company. For example, the parties involved in the electronic contract sign the electronic contract and then store the electronic contract in a storage device of a third-party digital signature company to ensure authenticity (no tampering) and availability (backup) of the electronic contract. When a dispute arises, a genuine and available electronic contract can be obtained from the digital signature company to ensure the legal effectiveness of the electronic contract. In this process, it takes some time for the third-party digital signature company to acquire the electronic contract and some authentication and archiving fees need to be paid.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a block chain based distributed storage method and apparatus. The embodiment of the disclosure can realize tamper-proofing and distributed storage of files by combining the block chain and the distributed file system, thereby solving the problem of limited capacity of the block chain nodes and effectively ensuring the authenticity and availability of the stored files.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a block chain based distributed storage method is provided. The method includes obtaining a file to be stored and generating a hash value for the file and an index of hash values. The method also includes recording the hash value in a blockchain network and storing the file in a distributed network, wherein the file is located in the distributed network based on the hash value.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform the following acts: obtaining a file to be stored; generating a hash value and an index of the hash value for the file; recording the hash value in a blockchain network; and storing the file in the distributed network, wherein the file is located in the distributed network based on the hash value.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium has computer readable program instructions stored thereon. These computer-executable instructions, when executed in a device, cause the device to perform methods or processes described in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
Drawings
The features, advantages and other aspects of various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown by way of illustration and not limitation, wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the architecture of a conventional blockchain network;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a block chain based distributed storage method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture of a blockchain based distributed network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture of a blockchain based distributed network according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture of a blockchain based distributed network according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of obtaining a file from a blockchain based distributed network in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a device that may be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of methods and systems according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, a segment, or a portion of code, which may comprise one or more executable instructions for implementing the logical function specified in the respective embodiment. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
As used herein, the terms "include," "include," and similar terms are to be construed as open-ended terms, i.e., "including/including but not limited to," meaning that additional content can be included as well. In the present disclosure, the term "based on" is "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment".
It should be understood that these exemplary embodiments are given solely for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and thereby implement the embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Conventionally, the efficiency of guaranteeing the authenticity of an electronic contract through a third-party digital signature company is low, all parties of the contract need to go to the digital signature company for evidence collection, and the evidence collection process is complicated. In addition, some authentication and archiving fees are paid to the digital signature company. One improvement over traditional contract preservation approaches is the use of blockchains to store electronic contracts. Since the electronic contract can be directly stored in the blockchain network, the method using the blockchain is convenient for maintaining the right, increases the transparency of storage and can reduce the cost.
However, the blockchain technique uses a multi-point mirroring technique, and data blocks are stored at each node in the blockchain network. In addition, the data of the whole nodes of the block chain is very large, and the capacity of each node is limited, so that only summary information of files (such as electronic contracts) can be stored in the block chain network, but the original files cannot be stored. Because the original file is not stored in the blockchain network, once data is accidentally invalidated or physically deleted, the electronic contract cannot be restored, and therefore, the blockchain technology can only be used for verifying whether the electronic contract is tampered, and the usability of the electronic contract cannot be guaranteed.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a distributed storage method and device based on a block chain. Embodiments of the present disclosure store hash values of files in a blockchain network by combining blockchains with a distributed file system, while dispersedly storing individual file blocks of an original file in the distributed network. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure can solve the problem of limited capacity of the block link nodes, and can achieve tamper-proof and distributed storage of files, thereby effectively ensuring authenticity and usability of the stored files. Exemplary methods and apparatus of embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a conventional architecture 100 of a blockchain network. As shown in fig. 1, architecture 100 includes blockchain nodes 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, and 116. These blockchain nodes may synchronize data through the network, for example, summary information of the electronic contract may be synchronized in the blockchain network. Due to decentralization and transparency of the blockchain network, original and real electronic contract summary information can be acquired from the blockchain network when needed. However, the conventional blockchain network does not save the original file of the electronic contract for capacity reasons, and thus cannot guarantee the availability of the original file.
Fig. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a blockchain-based distributed storage method 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be appreciated that method 200 may be performed, for example, by node 313 described below with reference to fig. 3, node 413 described in fig. 4, node 513 described in fig. 5, or device 700 of the fig. 7 specification.
At 202, a file to be stored is obtained. In some embodiments, the file may be an electronic contract associated with multiple users, where each user may obtain a key (e.g., a digital certificate) issued by a certificate authority through an offline identity audit, which may be used to sign the electronic contract. For example, for an electronic contract involving two parties, one party may create and sign the electronic contract, and then submit the electronic contract into the blockchain network. The blockchain network then sends a request for signing the electronic contract to the other party so that when the other party completes signing, the signature of the electronic contract and the signature status are modified in real time and stored in the blockchain network. Alternatively, the file may be an electronic protocol, an email, chat material, and the like.
At 204, a hash value and an index of hash values for the file are generated. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any existing or future developed hash value generation method may be used to generate a hash value for a file, so long as the generated hash value is able to distinguish between different files. In addition, an index to the hash (also known as a transaction hash) is also generated and provided to the user for subsequent queries.
At 206, the hash value is recorded in the blockchain network. For example, the generated hash value, which is used to identify the original file, is saved in the blockchain network, taking advantage of the properties of the blockchain, such as decentralization and transparency. In some embodiments, a blockchain intelligent contract may be used to store hash values of files and their corresponding signature states.
At 208, the file is stored in the distributed network, where the file is located in the distributed network based on the hash value. In some embodiments, the distributed network is an Internet Platform File System (IPFS) network based on a peer-to-peer protocol, and the IPFS distributed network maintains a distributed hash table. IPFS uses content-based addresses instead of the traditional domain name-based approach, and when a new file is added to the IPFS distributed network, the hash value of the file serves as an index into the IPFS distributed network for the file. If any modifications exist to the file, its corresponding hash value will change. Since the hash value of the file is used to find the file, the file is more secure and more reliable.
Compared with a blockchain network, each node in the IPFS distributed network only stores a part of data, and files in the IPFS distributed network are divided into a plurality of file blocks to be distributed in each node for storage and backup, so that the files are more difficult to attack or tamper. It should be understood that although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described primarily with the IPFS distributed network as an example, other distributed networks that locate files based on hash values are possible.
In some embodiments, the file may be complete in multiple nodes stored in the IPFS. Alternatively, the file may be divided into a plurality of file blocks, and then the plurality of file blocks may be distributively stored in a plurality of nodes in the IPFS distributed network. To ensure data backup and redundancy, each file block is stored in at least two of the plurality of nodes.
Therefore, according to the method 200 of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hash value of the file to be preserved is stored in the blockchain network, and the original file is stored in the distributed network, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the file, ensuring the availability of the file, and making up the defects that the capacity of the blockchain nodes is limited and the linear expansion of the storage space is not supported. In addition, when a document (e.g., an electronic contract) needs to be checked, the relevant party of the electronic contract can acquire the electronic contract from the block chain-based distributed network after identity verification.
Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture 300 of a blockchain-based distributed network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, architecture 300 includes blockchain network 310 and IPFS distributed network 320, where blockchain network 310 includes blockchain nodes 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, and 316, and IPFS distributed network 320 includes distributed nodes 321, 322, 323, 324, and 325. Further, as shown in fig. 3, architecture 300 may also include computing devices 330 and 340. In some embodiments, a regulatory authority may interface with a blockchain network to become a node in the blockchain network, e.g., the regulatory authority's device may be a blockchain node 311, which may then obtain all data in the blockchain network to fulfill regulatory duties. The blockchain network supports automatic data synchronization of nodes, that is, any node in the blockchain network can obtain a complete data backup on the blockchain.
Each of the blockchain node 311 and the distributed node 311 and 325 may be a computing device, which may be a server or a user device (e.g., a mobile device such as a smartphone, tablet, laptop, etc., or a stationary device such as a desktop computer). Those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some nodes in the blockchain network 310 and the IPFS distributed network 320 are shown in fig. 3, other nodes may be included.
In some embodiments, the data blocks are synchronized between the blockchain nodes 311 and 316 in the blockchain network 310 through the network, and the nodes 321 and 325 in the IPFS distributed network 320 realize distributed file storage through the network, and the blockchain network 310 and the IPFS distributed network 320 are also connected through the network. The network may be any wired and/or wireless network. Alternatively, the network may include, but is not limited to, the Internet, a wide area network, a metropolitan area network, a local area network, a Virtual Private Network (VPN) network, a wireless communication network, and so forth.
In one embodiment, computing device 330 submits an electronic contract to blockchain node 313, then a hash value for the electronic contract and its index are generated by blockchain node 313, the hash value is stored in distributed network 310, and the index is provided to computing device 330. The computing device 340 may then sign the electronic contract and store the signed signature state into the blockchain network 310. Next, block link point 313 may send the file to IPFS distributed network 320 for distributed storage. For example, a file may be partitioned into multiple file blocks that are stored scattered across IPFS distributed network 320, where the file may be looked up by a hash value. Since the hash value of the file is stored in the blockchain network 310, it is possible to verify that the file has not been tampered with, and further, since the file is distributively stored in the IPFS distribution network 320, since the file is not generally lost, the availability of the file can be guaranteed.
Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture 400 of a blockchain-based distributed network according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, architecture 400 includes blockchain network 410 and IPFS distribution network 420, where blockchain network 410 includes blockchain nodes 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, and 416, and IPFS distribution network 420 includes distribution nodes 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 413, and 414.
The difference from the architecture 300 depicted in fig. 3 is that the blockchain network 310 and the IPFS distributed network 320 in fig. 3 are completely separate, with no duplication between nodes; there is a partial overlap between blockchain network 410 and IPFS distribution network 420 in fig. 4, i.e., some nodes act as both blockchain nodes and distribution nodes, such as nodes 413, 414. For example, both the blockchain program and the distributed storage program are run on nodes 413 and 414, such that nodes 413 and 414 store both hash values and file blocks of the file.
Fig. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture 500 of a blockchain-based distributed network according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, architecture 500 includes network 510, and network 510 acts as both a blockchain network and an IPFS distributed network, i.e., the blockchain network and the IPFS distributed network completely overlap, where network 510 includes nodes 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516. As shown in fig. 5, each of the nodes 511 and 516 is both a blockchain node and a distributed node, and each node runs a blockchain program and a distributed storage program at the same time, so that all nodes store hash values of files, and each node stores only a part of file blocks in the files.
According to the architecture 300-500 of the embodiment of the present disclosure, tamper-proof, loss-proof, and secure backup storage of files can be achieved. In addition, any participant or supervising authority may join the blockchain network as a member node for notarization and supervision.
Fig. 6 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 600 of obtaining a file from a blockchain-based distributed network in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be appreciated that method 200 may be performed, for example, by node 313 described above with reference to fig. 3, node 413 described in fig. 4, node 513 described in fig. 5, and device 700 described below with reference to fig. 7.
At 602, hash values are obtained from the blockchain network based on the index, e.g., blockchain node 313 looks up the hash values in blockchain network 310 from the index received from computing device 330 and then uses the hash values to query a distributed hash table in IPFS distributed network 320. At 604, a determination is made as to whether the hash value is present in the DHT, e.g., using the hash value to look up all records in the DHT, which when identical indicates that the hash value is present in the DHT. If so, the file is obtained 606 from IPFS distributed network 320 via the hash value. The file is true and reliable because it is a file obtained from an unmodified hash value in the blockchain network. At 608, the signature status of the file may be verified from the blockchain network, e.g., to verify whether the electronic contract has been signed by the computing devices 330 and 340. If the hash value does not exist in the DHT, the file is modified in the distributed network as indicated at 610. Because the IPFS distributed network has backup and redundancy mechanisms, files in the IPFS distributed network are typically not damaged or modified. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, since the hash value of the file is not modified in the blockchain network, the file obtained from the IPFS distributed network is also an original file that has not been tampered with.
Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure can solve the problem of limited capacity of the block chain link points by combining the block chain and the distributed file system, and can achieve tamper-resistance and distributed storage of files, thereby effectively ensuring authenticity and usability of the stored files. In addition, compared with the traditional third-party signature authentication mode, the embodiment of the disclosure has the advantages of simple evidence obtaining process and short period, and effectively improves the evidence obtaining efficiency of the electronic contract.
In some embodiments, new user equipment may be used to access blockchain networks and IPFS distributed networks. For example, metadata (e.g., hash values) for a file is obtained from the blockchain network based on the index, and then the original file is obtained from the IPFS distributed network based on the hash values. Alternatively or additionally, the user device builds the local data block locally upon each query, making it a part of the blockchain network node, thereby better ensuring decentralized storage of the data.
It should be understood that a device according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, in certain embodiments, the device may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. Wherein the hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory for execution by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the methods and systems described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code being provided, for example, on a magnetic disk, an optical disk carrier medium, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory, or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The devices and apparatuses of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented not only by hardware circuits such as a very large scale integrated circuit or a gate array, a semiconductor such as a logic chip, a transistor, or the like, or a programmable hardware device such as a field programmable gate array, a programmable logic device, or the like, but also by software executed by various types of processors, for example, and by a combination of the above hardware circuits and software.
FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an electronic device 700 that may be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that electronic device 700 may be implemented as any of the nodes depicted in fig. 3-5, or electronic device 700 may also be implemented as any of the modules depicted in any of the nodes depicted in fig. 3-5. As shown in fig. 7, device 700 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU)701 (e.g., a processor) that may perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with computer program instructions stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)702 or loaded from a storage unit 708 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 703. In the RAM703, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 700 can also be stored. The CPU 701, the ROM 702, and the RAM703 are connected to each other via a bus 704. An input/output (I/O) interface 705 is also connected to bus 704.
Various components in the device 700 are connected to the I/O interface 705, including: an input unit 706 such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 707 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 708 such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 709 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 709 allows the device 700 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunication networks.
Various methods described above, such as method 200 or 600, may be performed by processing unit 701. For example, in some embodiments, methods 200 and 600 may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 708. In some embodiments, part or all of a computer program may be loaded onto and/or installed onto device 700 via ROM 702 and/or communications unit 709. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM703 and executed by the CPU 701, one or more of the acts or steps of the methods 200 and 600 described above may be performed.
The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions embodied thereon for carrying out various aspects of the present disclosure. The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store the instructions for use by the instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic memory device, a magnetic memory device, an optical memory device, an electromagnetic memory device, a semiconductor memory device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical coding device, such as punch cards or in-groove projection structures having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer-readable storage media as used herein is not to be construed as transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., optical pulses through a fiber optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through electrical wires.
The computer-readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device, or to an external computer or external storage device over a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device.
The computer program instructions for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, the electronic circuitry can execute computer-readable program instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure by utilizing state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, such as a programmable logic circuit, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or a Programmable Logic Array (PLA).
It should be noted that although several modules or sub-modules of the device are mentioned in the above detailed description, such division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more of the modules described above may be embodied in one module in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above may be further divided into embodiments by a plurality of modules.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments of the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
While embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to several particular embodiments, it should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed. The embodiments of the disclosure are intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
Claims (15)
1. A distributed storage method based on a block chain comprises the following steps:
obtaining a file to be stored;
generating a hash value for the file and an index of the hash value, wherein generating the index comprises providing the index to a user for subsequent queries;
recording the hash value in a blockchain network; and
storing the file in a distributed network in which the file is located based on the hash value,
the method further comprises the following steps:
obtaining the hash value from the blockchain network based on the index received from the user; and
obtaining the file from the distributed network based on the hash value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the distributed network is an interplanetary file system (IPFS) network based on a point-to-point protocol, and the distributed network maintains a distributed hash table.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein storing the file in a distributed network comprises:
cutting the file into a plurality of file blocks; and
storing a plurality of file blocks in a plurality of nodes in the distributed network, wherein each file block of the plurality of file blocks is stored in at least two nodes of the plurality of nodes.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein obtaining the file from the distributed network based on the hash value comprises:
determining whether the hash value is present in the DHT; and
obtaining the file from the distributed network in response to determining that the hash value is present in the DHT.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the file is an electronic contract associated with a plurality of users, and each user of the plurality of users is capable of signing the electronic contract using a respective signing key, and wherein obtaining the file to be stored comprises:
obtaining the electronic contract from one of the plurality of users, the electronic contract being generated using a signing key of the one user; and
sending a request to sign the electronic contract to other users of the plurality of users.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
receiving signatures for the electronic contract from other users of the plurality of users;
modifying a contract signature status of the electronic contract; and
storing the revised contract signature state in the blockchain network.
7. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the document is at least one of an electronic contract, an electronic agreement, an email, or chat material.
8. An electronic device comprises
A processor;
a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the device to perform the following acts:
obtaining a file to be stored;
generating a hash value for the file and an index of the hash value, wherein generating the index comprises providing the index to a user for subsequent queries;
recording the hash value in a blockchain network; and
storing the file in a distributed network in which the file is located based on the hash value,
the acts further include:
obtaining the hash value from the blockchain network based on the index received from the user; and
obtaining the file from the distributed network based on the hash value.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the distributed network is an interplanetary file system (IPFS) network based on a point-to-point protocol, and the distributed network maintains a distributed hash table.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein storing the file in a distributed network comprises:
cutting the file into a plurality of file blocks; and
storing a plurality of file blocks in a plurality of nodes in the distributed network, wherein each file block of the plurality of file blocks is stored in at least two nodes of the plurality of nodes.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein obtaining the file from the distributed network based on the hash value comprises:
determining whether the hash value is present in the DHT; and
obtaining the file from the distributed network in response to determining that the hash value is present in the DHT.
12. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, wherein the file is an electronic contract associated with a plurality of users, and each user of the plurality of users is capable of signing the electronic contract using a respective signing key, and wherein obtaining the file to be stored comprises:
obtaining the electronic contract from one of the plurality of users, the electronic contract being generated using a signing key of the one user; and
sending a request to sign the electronic contract to other users of the plurality of users.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, the acts further comprising:
receiving signatures for the electronic contract from other users of the plurality of users;
modifying a contract signature status of the electronic contract; and
storing the revised contract signature state in the blockchain network.
14. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, wherein the document is at least one of an electronic contract, an electronic agreement, an email, or a chat material.
15. A computer-readable storage medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed in a device, cause the device to perform the method of any of claims 1-7.
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| WO2018201797A1 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
| CN107273410A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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