CN107271273B - A kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface - Google Patents

A kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface Download PDF

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CN107271273B
CN107271273B CN201710312003.2A CN201710312003A CN107271273B CN 107271273 B CN107271273 B CN 107271273B CN 201710312003 A CN201710312003 A CN 201710312003A CN 107271273 B CN107271273 B CN 107271273B
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stress
rolling direction
load
stretched
point
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CN107271273A (en
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石宝东
杨宝成
杨冲
梅一兵
刘胜伟
张祥
彭艳
孙建亮
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Yanshan University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017—Tensile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0272—Cruciform specimens

Abstract

The invention patent discloses a kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface, its content mainly includes the measurement of initial yield surface and subsequent yield surface, is all made of the load path measurement yield surface that other direction after a direction pre-tension deformation redraws deformation.Initial yield surface measurement keeps load along the different stress points that one direction of cross tensile sample is stretched to selection first, then is stretched to fracture in another direction, draws initial yield surface according to gained yield strength value；Subsequent yield surface measurement, the pre-stretching point of selection is stretched to along cross tensile sample rolling direction first, it is offloaded to zero or is unloaded to the different stress points of selection, then select next step loading method according to different unloading manners, obtain corresponding yield strength value and draw subsequent yield surface.The method of the present invention can be well reflected the Evolution of yield surface in plate Biaxial stress, be capable of the anisotropy mechanical behavior of Efficient Characterization Plastic Deformation of Metal Materials.

Description

A kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface
Technical field
The invention belongs to material mechanics experiment yield surface determination techniques fields, and in particular to a kind of cross tensile pre-deformation adds The method for carrying measurement yield surface, this method are particularly suitable for the measurement of metallic sheet stock yield surface.
Background technique
Metal material has many problems to be related to plasticity theory in engineer application, and metal sheet forming process is just It is a kind of plastic deformation behavior, in order to accurately predict forming process and improve forming technology, needs to construct accurate this structure mould Type characterizes plastic history.However, the surrender, plastic flow and strengthening effect during Plastic Deformation of Metal Materials can adopt It is studied with the evolution of yield surface, the Evolution of yield surface is the Important Theoretic Foundation for constructing constitutive model.
A large number of studies show that load path of the sheet metal in forming process is often a kind of disproportional path, answer Power state is multiaxis, complexity.Currently, the experiment of machanics for plate generally samples uniaxial loading and twin shaft along different directions Proportional loading, these loading methods cannot reflect the actual forced status in Sheet Metal Forming well, in description metal material There is the error that can not ignore in forming process under material multiaxis, complex stress condition, is unable to satisfy the need of its practical forming process It wants, especially with the metal material of strong anisotropy behavior, such as magnesium alloy, titanium alloy.In conclusion existing bend The face measuring method of clothes cannot characterize the anisotropy of metal material well.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of side of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface Method, this method can be well reflected the Evolution of yield surface in plate Biaxial stress, being capable of the modeling of Efficient Characterization metal material Property deformation anisotropy mechanical behavior.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface, this method is using another after a direction pre-tension deformation One direction redraws the load path measurement yield surface of deformation, and particular content includes the following steps:
(1) rolling direction is prepared respectively in plate rolling direction and laterally to be uniaxially stretched sample, be laterally uniaxially stretched sample With cross tensile sample；
(2) it takes rolling direction to be uniaxially stretched sample and carries out simple tension load, measure corresponding rolling direction tensile stress- Strain curve；It takes and is laterally uniaxially stretched sample progress simple tension load, measure corresponding lateral tensile stress-strain curve； Obtain corresponding yield strength value；
(3) it according to the rolling direction tensile stress-strain curve measured in step (2), is arbitrarily chosen in Hookean region Several stress points take number to count with selected stress point identical using the corresponding stress value of each stress point as abscissa Cross tensile sample, each cross tensile sample are first stretched to the stress value of selection along rolling direction respectively, keep load, then along cross To stretching up to fracture, corresponding tensile yield strength values are measured as ordinate；
(4) it according to the lateral tensile stress-strain curve measured in step (2), is arbitrarily chosen in Hookean region several A stress point takes number and the identical cross of selected stress point points using the corresponding stress value of each stress point as ordinate Tensile sample, each cross tensile sample are first transversely stretched to the stress value of selection respectively, keep load, then draw along rolling direction It stretches to fracture, measures corresponding tensile yield strength values as abscissa；
(5) initial yield surface is drawn out according to the coordinate points measured in step (3) and (4)；
(6) according to the rolling direction tensile stress-strain curve measured in step (2), one is chosen respectively in the plastic stage Stress point takes a rolling direction to be uniaxially stretched sample, the pre-stretching point for being stretched to selection unloads again first as pre-stretching point To zero, the load-deformation curve of rolling direction uninstall process is measured；Then a cross tensile sample is taken, first along rolling direction It is stretched to pre-stretching point and is unloaded to zero again, then transversely simple tension loads, and measures and is first pre-stretched along rolling direction again along cross To the load-deformation curve of stretching, corresponding yield strength value is obtained；
(7) according to the load-deformation curve for the rolling direction uninstall process measured in step (6), appoint in Hookean region Meaning chooses several stress points, using stress value corresponding to each stress point as abscissa, number and selected stress point is taken to count Identical cross tensile sample, each cross tensile sample are first stretched to pre-stretching point along rolling direction respectively and then are unloaded to selection Stress value, keep load, then transversely stretch until fracture, measure corresponding tensile yield strength values as ordinate；
(8) according to first the load-deformation curve transversely stretched again is pre-stretched along rolling direction in step (6), in elasticity Several stress points are arbitrarily chosen in region, stress value corresponding to each stress point takes number and selected stress as ordinate The identical cross tensile sample of point points, each cross tensile sample are first stretched to pre-stretching point along rolling direction respectively and are unloaded to again Zero, it is then transversely stretched to the stress point of selection, keeps load, then is loaded along rolling direction until fracture, is measured corresponding Tensile yield strength values are as abscissa；
(9) subsequent yield surface is drawn out according to the coordinate points measured in step (7) and (8).
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the side of a kind of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface provided by the invention Method, have compared with prior art it is such the utility model has the advantages that
(1) limitation for overcoming the plastic work dones face proportional loading modes such as existing cross stretching experiment measurement, provides one The method of kind cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface；
(2) the method for the present invention can be well reflected out the yield surface Evolution of plate multi-shaft stretching, be particularly suitable for Metal material with stronger anisotropy mechanical behavior.
The method of the present invention can be well reflected the Evolution of yield surface in plate Biaxial stress, being capable of Efficient Characterization gold Belong to the anisotropy mechanical behavior of material plasticity deformation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cross sample schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is yield surface schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is initial yield surface load path；
Fig. 4 is subsequent yield surface load path.
In Fig. 2,1- initial yield surface, 2- subsequent yield surface, Y1、Y2、Y3、Y4、Y5、Y6、Y7、Y8Initial yield areal coordinate Point, Y9、Y10、Y11、Y12、Y13、Y14Subsequent yield surface coordinate points, the tensile stress point that A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J- choose, M- is pre-stretched point, RD- rolling direction, TD- transverse direction.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
Metal material yield surface is measured with a kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface of the invention, As shown in Fig. 2, mainly including the measurement of initial yield surface 1 and subsequent yield surface 2.If σRD、σTDRespectively sheet metal rolling side To (the hereinafter referred to as direction RD) and lateral (the hereinafter referred to as direction TD) tensile yield strength, the method steps are as follows:
Step 1: preparing two directions RD along the direction plate RD and be uniaxially stretched sample, prepare a side TD along the direction plate TD To being uniaxially stretched sample；11 cross tensile samples as shown in Figure 1 are prepared according to experiment condition and material；
Step 2: take respectively the preparation of direction RD be uniaxially stretched sample and the direction TD preparation be uniaxially stretched examination Sample carries out simple tension load, measures the direction RD tensile stress-strain curve and the direction TD tensile stress-strain curve, according to Curve determines the tensile yield strength values σ of both directionRDAnd σTD, with σRD0 is taken to obtain Y for abscissa ordinate1Point coordinate, with σTD0 is taken to obtain Y for ordinate abscissa2Point coordinate, i.e. Y1、Y2Coordinate be (σRD, 0) and (0, σTD)；It is stretched according to the direction RD Load-deformation curve and the direction TD, which measure tensile stress-strain curve and arbitrarily choose several in corresponding Hookean region, answers Force, A, B, C point are chosen on the direction RD, and stress value is followed successively byD, E, F point, stress are chosen on the direction TD Value is followed successively by
Step 3: taking 3 cross tensile samples prepared, cross tensile sample is loaded into the direction RD in step 2 respectively and is selected Stress point A, B, the C taken keeps load, then loads along the direction TD until fracture, measures corresponding load-deformation curve and determine The yield strength in the direction each point TDWithThen Y3、Y4And Y5Coordinate beWith
Step 4: taking 3 cross tensile samples prepared, cross tensile sample is loaded into the direction TD in step 2 respectively and is selected Stress point D, E, the F taken keeps load, then loads along the direction RD until fracture, measures corresponding load-deformation curve and determine The yield strength in the direction each point RDWithThen Y6、Y7And Y8Coordinate be With
Step 5: the Y that will be measured in step 2,3 and 41、Y2、Y3、Y4、Y5、Y6、Y7、Y8The coordinate of point is in stress coordinate system Draw out initial yield surface as shown in Figure 3；
Step 6: a stress point M conduct is chosen in the plastic stage according to the tensile stress-strain curve in the direction RD in step 2 It is pre-stretched point, respective value isY9Coordinate beThe direction RD is taken to be uniaxially stretched sample, tensile loads Pre-stretching point to selection is unloaded to zero again, measures the load-deformation curve of uninstall process, then chooses in online Hookean region Stress point G, H, corresponding stress value are followed successively byWith
Step 7: taking a cross tensile sample, be first loaded into the pre-stretching point M chosen in step 6 along the direction RD and unload again To zero, then the direction TD is loaded, and is measured corresponding load-deformation curve and is determined its yield strengthY10Coordinate beAccording to the direction the TD load-deformation curve measured, stress point I, J are chosen in Hookean region, stress value is followed successively by
Step 8: taking two cross tensile samples to be first loaded into the pre-stretching point M chosen in step 6 along the direction RD, then divide It is not unloaded to G, H point, keeps load, then loads along the direction TD until being broken, measuring corresponding load-deformation curve and determining each The yield strength of pointWithThen Y11、Y12Coordinate beWith
Step 9: taking two cross tensile samples, be loaded into the pre-stretching point M chosen in step 6 along the direction RD first and unload again It is downloaded to zero, is then loaded onto stress point I, the J chosen in step 7 along the direction TD respectively, keeps load, then stretch directly along the direction RD To fracture, measures load-deformation curve and determine corresponding yield strengthThen Y13、Y14Coordinate beWith
Step 10: subsequent yield surface as shown in Figure 4 is drawn out according to the coordinate measured in step 6,7,8,9, it is so far complete At measurement metal material yield surface.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of method of cross tensile pre-deformation load measurement yield surface, this method is using another after a direction pre-tension deformation Direction redraws the load path measurement yield surface of deformation, it is characterised in that: this method particular content includes the following steps:
(1) rolling direction is prepared respectively in plate rolling direction and laterally to be uniaxially stretched sample, be laterally uniaxially stretched sample and ten Word tensile sample；
(2) it takes rolling direction to be uniaxially stretched sample and carries out simple tension load, measure corresponding rolling direction tensile stress-strain Curve；It takes and is laterally uniaxially stretched sample progress simple tension load, measure corresponding lateral tensile stress-strain curve；It obtains Corresponding yield strength value；
(3) it according to the rolling direction tensile stress-strain curve measured in step (2), is arbitrarily chosen in Hookean region several A stress point takes number and the identical cross of selected stress point points using the corresponding stress value of each stress point as abscissa Tensile sample, each cross tensile sample are first stretched to the stress value of selection along rolling direction respectively, keep load, then transversely draw It stretches to fracture, measures corresponding tensile yield strength values as ordinate；
(4) according to the lateral tensile stress-strain curve measured in step (2), several is arbitrarily chosen in Hookean region and is answered Force takes number and the identical cross of selected stress point points to stretch using the corresponding stress value of each stress point as ordinate Sample, each cross tensile sample are first transversely stretched to the stress value of selection respectively, keep load, then stretch directly along rolling direction To fracture, corresponding tensile yield strength values are measured as abscissa；
(5) initial yield surface is drawn out according to the coordinate points measured in step (3) and (4)；
(6) according to the rolling direction tensile stress-strain curve measured in step (2), a stress is chosen respectively in the plastic stage Point takes a rolling direction to be uniaxially stretched sample first as pre-stretching point, and the pre-stretching point for being stretched to selection is unloaded to zero again, Measure the load-deformation curve of rolling direction uninstall process；Then a cross tensile sample is taken, is first stretched to along rolling direction Pre-stretching point is unloaded to zero again, and then transversely simple tension loads, and measures and first transversely stretches again along rolling direction pre-stretching Load-deformation curve, obtain corresponding yield strength value；
(7) it according to the load-deformation curve for the rolling direction uninstall process measured in step (6), is arbitrarily selected in Hookean region Several stress points are taken, using stress value corresponding to each stress point as abscissa, take number identical as selected stress point points Cross tensile sample, each cross tensile sample is first stretched to pre-stretching point along rolling direction respectively and then is unloaded to answering for selection Force value keeps load, then transversely stretches until fracture, measures corresponding tensile yield strength values as ordinate；
(8) according to first the load-deformation curve transversely stretched again is pre-stretched along rolling direction in step (6), in Hookean region Several stress points are inside arbitrarily chosen, stress value corresponding to each stress point takes number and selected stress point point as ordinate The identical cross tensile sample of number, each cross tensile sample are first stretched to pre-stretching point along rolling direction respectively and are unloaded to zero again, Then it is transversely stretched to the stress point of selection, keeps load, then is loaded along rolling direction until fracture, measures corresponding stretching Yield strength value is as abscissa；
(9) subsequent yield surface is drawn out according to the coordinate points measured in step (7) and (8).
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