CN107269458B - Method for controlling pontoon in wave energy power generation device to track sea level - Google Patents
Method for controlling pontoon in wave energy power generation device to track sea level Download PDFInfo
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- CN107269458B CN107269458B CN201710449351.4A CN201710449351A CN107269458B CN 107269458 B CN107269458 B CN 107269458B CN 201710449351 A CN201710449351 A CN 201710449351A CN 107269458 B CN107269458 B CN 107269458B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
- G01F23/292—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
- G01F23/2921—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
- G01F23/2922—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms
- G01F23/2925—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms using electrical detecting means
- G01F23/2927—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms using electrical detecting means for several discrete levels, e.g. with more than one light-conducting sensing element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling a pontoon in a wave energy power generation device to track the sea level, wherein the method is to detect the sea level by a photoelectric detection sea level system and control a pontoon moving platform to move along with the sea level; the pontoon moving platform drives the sea level detecting system and the pontoon to move, so that the pontoon tracks the sea level. The invention can make the pontoon move along with the sea level to realize the tracking of the sea level, thereby reducing the influence of tidal range on the power generation device, enabling the pontoon to capture more wave energy for the power generation device to generate power, prolonging the working time of the wave energy power generation device, and improving the utilization rate of the wave energy power generation device to the wave energy and the stability of power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling sea level tracking in the wave power generation process, in particular to a method and a device for controlling a pontoon in a pontoon type wave power generation device to track sea level.
Background
The ocean has the characteristics of large total energy reserve, no land occupation, no pollution emission and the like. Ocean waves store huge energy, which can be converted into mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic energy through some device, and then the power generator is driven by a transmission mechanism, a gas turbine, a water turbine or an oil pressure motor to generate electricity.
The pontoon type wave energy power generation device is used for acquiring more electric energy as much as possible, namely, the power generation efficiency is as high as possible. In the pontoon wave energy power generation device, wave energy captured by the pontoon is an energy source spring of the whole device, and the efficiency of capturing the wave energy by the pontoon determines the power generation efficiency of the pontoon wave energy power generation device. When the pontoon captures wave energy, the tide difference (the height difference between the adjacent high tide level and the low tide level is called the tide difference) becomes a difficult problem in the technology of the energy-collecting pontoon device and is also a difficult problem of the working time of the power generation system.
At present, a pontoon in the wave power generation system device is fixed and cannot be changed along with the change of a sea water reference surface (sea level). When the tide rise and fall processes occur, the fluctuation displacement of the pontoon for capturing the wave energy is affected, and the wave energy cannot be captured normally, so that the working efficiency of the power generation system device is affected. In normal tide level, the working schematic diagram of the pontoon capturing wave energy is shown in figure 1, the up-and-down swing angle of the supporting rod connected with the pontoon is limited to be within 30 degrees (assuming that the swing angle of the upward movement of the pontoon is +30 degrees and the swing angle of the downward swing is-30 degrees), and at the moment, the heave displacement of the pontoon is h 0 . Therefore, at normal tide level, the pontoon can be at + -30 DEG and the heave displacement is h 0 Thereby capturing wave energy and enabling the system device to work for generating electricity.
In the tide, the sea level rises due to tide rise, but the pontoon for capturing wave energy is fixed and cannot rise along with the rise of the sea level. Therefore, the pontoon can only move in the swing angle of 0 degrees to +30 degrees at high tide level, and the pontoon heave displacement is h 1 The working diagram of the pontoon at high tide level is shown in figures 1-3. At this time, the pontoon heave displacement h is compared with the normal tide level (as shown in FIG. 2) 0 At times have h 1 <h 0 . In other words, the pontoon cannot completely reciprocate between the wave crest and the wave trough, the pontoon heave displacement is shortened, the wave energy captured by the pontoon is reduced along with the increase of the tide difference, the utilization rate of the wave energy is reduced, and the wave energy is reducedThe less the power generation efficiency of the power generation device. Even when the rising distance of the sea water reference surface (sea level) is more than or equal to half the length L of the transverse supporting rod of the pontoon, the pontoon is lower than or at the trough, and the pontoon is completely submerged under water, so that wave energy is not captured any more for the wave energy power generation system to work. Then, when the sea water reference level (sea level) continues to rise, the wave power generation device is still in an inactive state.
During a tide, the sea level will fall with the tide, but since the pontoon capturing the wave energy is fixed, it cannot fall with the sea level. Therefore, the pontoon can only move in the swing angle of 0 degrees to-30 degrees at low tide level, and the pontoon fluctuation displacement is h 2 The working diagram of the pontoon at low tide level is shown in figure 3. At this time, compared with the buoy heave displacement h at the normal tide level 0 At times have h 2 <h 0 . In other words, the pontoon cannot completely reciprocate between the wave crest and the wave trough, the wave energy captured by the pontoon is reduced along with the increase of the tide difference, the utilization ratio of the wave energy is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device is reduced. Even when the descending distance of the sea water reference surface (sea level) is more than or equal to half the length L of the transverse supporting rod of the pontoon, the pontoon is higher than or at the wave crest, the pontoon is completely separated from the water surface, and wave energy is not captured any more for the wave energy power generation system to work. Then, when the sea water reference level (sea level) continues to descend, the wave power generation device is still in an inactive state.
Therefore, in the existing wave energy power generation device, the pontoon is fixed, so that the pontoon cannot normally capture wave energy when in tidal rise and tidal fall, and the power generation device cannot fully work to generate power, so that the wave energy utilization rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for controlling a pontoon to track a sea level in a wave power generation device. The invention can lead the pontoon to float, and the pontoon can normally capture wave energy when in tide and falling, so that the power generation device can fully work to generate power, thereby leading the utilization rate of the wave energy to be high.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for controlling the pontoon in the wave energy power generation device to track the sea level comprises the steps of detecting the sea level through a photoelectric detection sea level system and controlling the pontoon moving platform to move along with the sea level; the pontoon moving platform drives the sea level detecting system and the pontoon to move, so that the pontoon tracks the sea level.
According to the method for controlling the pontoon in the wave energy power generation device to track the sea level, the photoelectric detection sea level system is used for detecting the sea level, and the pontoon moving platform is controlled to move along with the sea level; the sea level is positioned between the high-level detector and the low-level detector, and is a normal tide level, and the motor is in a stop state; the sea level is above the high-level detector, and is a tide rise level, and the motor is started to drive the pontoon moving platform and the pontoon to move upwards; the sea level is below the low-level detector, and is a tide-falling position, and the motor is started to drive the pontoon moving platform and the pontoon to move downwards.
The motor is started by starting the clock module to delay and time, and starting the motor after the time is up.
The method for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device comprises the steps that the high-level detector comprises a first light-emitting part and a first photoelectric conversion part, and the low-level detector comprises a second light-emitting part and a second photoelectric conversion part; a right-angle triangular prism is arranged between the light-emitting part and the photoelectric conversion part, and a communicating pipe communicated with seawater is arranged at the bottom of the right-angle triangular prism; the sea level movement is detected by detection of the sea level in a right angle prism.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device comprises a pontoon, wherein the pontoon is connected with a pontoon moving platform, the pontoon moving platform is connected with a moving trolley through a connecting rod, a motor and a photoelectric detection sea level system are arranged on the moving trolley, and the moving trolley and the pontoon moving platform are respectively matched with a first guide rail and a second guide rail on two sides of a support column.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device comprises a right-angle triangular prism, wherein the bottom of the right-angle triangular prism is provided with a communicating pipe communicated with sea water, two sides of the transverse central line of the right-angle triangular prism are respectively provided with a high-position detector and a low-position detector, and the high-position detector is connected with a third light emitting diode through an operational amplification signal processor; the low-order detector is connected with the fourth light-emitting diode through the operational amplification signal processor.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave power generation device comprises a high-level detector, a first light emitting part and a first photoelectric conversion part, wherein the first light emitting part and the first photoelectric conversion part are respectively arranged at two sides of the longitudinal center line of the right-angle triangular prism.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device, wherein the first light-emitting part is a first light-emitting diode; the first photoelectric conversion part is a first phototransistor.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave power generation device comprises a low-level detector, a first light emitting part and a first photoelectric conversion part, wherein the low-level detector comprises a second light emitting part and a second photoelectric conversion part which are respectively arranged at two sides of the longitudinal center line of the right-angle triangular prism.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device, wherein the second light-emitting part is a second light-emitting diode; the second photoelectric conversion part is a second phototriode.
The applicant conducted a great deal of experimental investigation on the present invention, in part as follows:
design principle of 1 air-water right angle triangular prism
The invention adopts the principle of photoelectric detection to automatically track the sea level. The photoelectric detection sea level system is made according to the refraction principle that light propagates between two substances with different refractive indexes, and the light receiving circuit receives different results due to the fact that the refractive indexes of the light rays in passing air or seawater are different. The prism is the most important optical element in the optical system, and light can be refracted twice through the prism, so that the propagation direction of emergent light rays is changed. The light rays are transmitted along a straight line when passing through the triple prism filled with air, the receiver can receive emergent light rays, and the light path diagram is shown in fig. 5; when light passes through the triangular prism filled with seawater, the propagation direction of emergent light rays is deviated through twice refraction, so that the receiver cannot receive the emergent light rays, and the light path diagram is shown in fig. 6.
Therefore, the measurement of the two groups of detectors can be adopted, and the position of the sea water reference surface (sea level) can be judged by comparing and processing the signals received by the light receiving circuit according to the light passing through the air and the sea water. The signal is processed by the 51 single chip microcomputer, and the output signal controls the moving direction of the pontoon, so that the pontoon can automatically control and track the sea level.
1.1 relationship of the incident fiber to the outgoing ray of the dielectric triple prism
As shown in fig. 6, a light beam enters from the surface of the triangular prism AB at an incident angle i, and the refraction angle r, and the deflection angle of the light beam on the mirror surface AB is (i-r).
At this time, the light ray continues to propagate at an incident angle i 'into the triangular prism AC plane, and the refraction angle r'. At this time, the deflection angle of the light beam on the mirror surface AC is (i '-r'), and the deflection angle is represented by "θ". The geometric relationship shows that after two times of deflection, the total deflection angle of the light beam is as follows:
it can be seen from equation (1-1) that the deflection angle of a ray passing through a prism is related not only to the ray incidence angle i but also to the apex angle a of the prism. Taking the refractive index n=1.5, a three-dimensional graph of the relationship between deflection angle and incident angle and the change of the apex angle can be obtained by analyzing the equation (1-1) by MATLB software as shown in fig. 7: wherein the Z-axis represents the deflection angle, the X-axis represents the angle of incidence, and the Y-axis represents the apex angle.
In this figure, it can be clearly seen that the deflection angle also takes a maximum value when the incident angle and the apex angle approach the maximum value infinitely.
1.2 relationship between the incident fiber and the incident angle change of the dielectric triangular prism
If a ray of light is refracted twice from the AB-plane through the prism, the ray of light exits the AC-plane, and there is a minimum angle of incidence. When the incident angle is smaller than the minimum incident angle of the light, the light will generate total reflection on the second refracting surface, which is what is commonly called triple prism total reflection characteristic. In the following we will analyze the triple prism total reflection to find the minimum incident angle of the light beam emitted from the AC surface. Thereby obtaining the change rule of deflection angle and incidence angle according to the formula (1-1) under the condition that the given triangular prism, namely the vertex angle and the triangular prism have a certain refractive index.
When light rays are refracted twice through the triple prism, full emission is generated during the second refraction, the light path diagram is shown in fig. 8, the vertex angle of the triple prism is set to be A, the refractive index is set to be n, the light rays are incident on the plane of the plane triple prism AB at the incident angle i, and the refraction angle is set to be r. The refracted ray in turn strikes the triangular prism AC face at an angle of incidence i ', and total reflection happens to occur, i.e. r' =90.
The angle of incidence at this time is called the maximum angle of incidence at which the triangular prism emits light entirely, i.e
Thus, it can be obtained that when the incident angle of the light is larger than the maximum incident angle of total reflection, the light is emitted in the plane of the triangular prism AC, so that the deflection angle is shown as formula (1-1), and the light has the minimum incident angleThat is to say the angle of incidence has a value in the range +.>When the light is emitted, the light is emitted from the AC surface. In other words, when the incident angle of the incident light is smaller than the maximum incident angle, i.e. +.>When the light is totally reflected on the AC surface. Let n=1.5. Using MATLAB, a graph of maximum incidence angle as a function of apex angle a can be derived as shown in fig. 9:
as can be seen from fig. 9, the maximum incident angle increases approximately exponentially with increasing apex angle at apex angles less than 1.57 (90 °), and the maximum incident angle is 90 ° at apex angles up to 1.57 (90 °). Beyond 1.57 (90), the maximum angle of incidence remains unchanged at 90. That is, when the apex angle of the triangular prism is equal to 1.57 (90 °), the incident angle is incident on the triangular prism at any angle, total reflection occurs at the AC surface without light emission.
1.3 relationship of outgoing light to apex angle variation
As is clear from the expression (1-1), the triangular prism deflection angle is related to the apex angle of the triangular prism, and the deflection angle changes with the change of the apex angle. As can be seen from the relationship between the incident light and the incident angle, when the incident angle is smaller than i max When the light is reflected totally on the surface of the prism AC, the light is emitted on the surface AC, and the minimum incidence angle is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees. I.e. the range of incidence angle isThe method comprises the following steps:
it can therefore be said that to achieve the light path diagrams of fig. 1-4, the apex angle a of that triangular prism must have a maximum value:
taking n=1.5, then a max X 83.6206 DEG, if A exceeds the maximum apex angle A max The light path diagram of fig. 10 may occur. In fig. 10, the light is totally reflected, so that there is no outgoing light at the prism AC surface. Therefore, as long as the apex angle of the triangular prism is larger thanWhen the prism is used, light rays are totally reflected on the AC surface of the prism, so that no light rays are emitted from the AC surface.
As shown in fig. 10, when the apex angle a=90° of the triangular prism is taken, the formula (1-2) can be simplified as:
the maximum incident angle versus refractive index profile obtained using MATLB software is shown in fig. 11 as follows:
it was described above that if the incident angle of the incident light is smaller than the maximum incident angle, the light is totally reflected on the AC surface, in other words, if the incident light is larger than the maximum incident angle, the light is not totally reflected on the AC surface. From FIG. 11, it can be seen that the maximum incident angle i at which total reflection occurs max Increasing with increasing refractive index. When the refractive index n is equal to or greater than 1.41, the maximum incident angle is 90 degrees, so that no matter how large the incident angle is, the incident light always emits completely on the surface of the right-angle triangular prism AC, and the light path diagram is shown in FIG. 12:
through the analysis, compared with the incident angle required by total reflection of several types of light on an AC surface, the total reflection of the light is more easily obtained by the right-angle triangular prism under the limit condition of the top angle. Because the light rays are totally reflected, i.e. the light rays do not exit the prism AC surface, regardless of the angle of incidence. In the optical system, when light is incident on the prism filled with air in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane, the light can linearly pass through the prism, so that the receiver on the same plane opposite to the prism can receive illumination. Thereby achieving the desired result of the design. Therefore, in the system design, a right-angle triangular prism is used as an optical element, and light rays are injected into the right-angle side of the right-angle triangular prism parallel to the horizontal plane direction.
2 System detection Circuit diagram
The circuit schematic diagram of the sea level photoelectric detection system is shown in fig. 13, the whole detection system circuit is composed of two groups of light-emitting diodes (LED 1-phototriodes D1) of light-detecting devices, LED 2-phototriodes D2, and resistors (R1, R2) are current-limiting resistors; the resistors R3 and R4 and the phototriodes D1 and D2 form a photoelectric conversion part; the resistors R5 and R6 and the operational amplification signal processor form a comparison circuit. The circuit output end is respectively connected with the P1.0 port and the P1.1 port of the AT89C51 chip and is used as an input signal of the AT89C51 chip.
In operation of the sensor, when the sea water reference sea level is at the middle position of two groups of detection points, no sea water exists between the high-level detectors LED1-D1 in the triangular prism, and when the LED1 emits light, light rays can directly propagate along the air and are received by the phototriode D1. After the phototriode receives light, the base electrode of the phototriode generates a large current to lead the triode to be conducted, and then the output signal leads the diode LED3 to be unlit after being processed by the operational amplification signal processor, and the P1.0 port is in a low level. When the LED2 emits light, the light rays can be totally reflected in the right-angle triangular prism filled with the seawater and cannot be received by the phototriode D2, at the moment, the base electrode of the light rays can generate small current to cut off the triode, then the LED4 is lightened by an output signal after being processed by the operational amplification signal processor, and the P1.1 port is in a high level.
When tide is rising, the sea water reference sea level is above two groups of detectors, and when sea water exists between the detectors LED1-D1 and LED2-D2, the output signals enable the LED3 and the LED4 to be lightened, and the P1.0 port and the P1.1 port are both in high level. At this time, in order to reduce the influence of the flood tide, the pontoon is to be raised along with the sea level, and the photoelectric detection sensor and the pontoon are to be moved upward until the LED3 is not lit, and the sea level is between the two detectors. When the sea level falls to tide, the sea level is under the two groups of detectors, and no sea water exists between the detectors LED1-D1 and LED2-D2, so that the LED3 and the LED4 are not lightened by the output signals, and the P1.0 port and the P1.1 port are both in low level. At this time, in order to reduce the influence of the falling tide, the pontoon is lowered along with the sea level, and the photoelectric detection sensor and the pontoon are moved downwards until the LED4 is lighted, and the downward movement is stopped, and the sea level is positioned between two detection points. Thereby achieving the purpose of detecting the sea level liquid level. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts two groups of light detection systems to measure, and then compares and processes the signals received by the light receiving circuit according to the light passing through the air and the sea water, so as to judge the sea level position, and the signals are processed by the singlechip to output signals to control the moving direction of the pontoon, thereby realizing the function of automatically controlling and tracking the sea level of the pontoon. The invention can detect and track sea level, so that the pontoon can rise along with the rise of sea level when in tide and fall along with the fall of sea level, thereby reducing the influence of tide difference, capturing more wave energy, enabling the power generation device to continuously work in sea area with large tide difference, prolonging the working time of the wave energy power generation device, and improving the utilization rate of wave energy and the stability of power generation. Therefore, the invention can lead the pontoon to float, and the pontoon can normally capture wave energy when in tidal rise and tidal fall, thereby leading the wave energy utilization rate to be high and leading the power generation device to normally work for generating power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the operation of a pontoon at normal tide level in a conventional power generation device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the pontoon in the case of tide rise in the prior art power generation device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the operation of the pontoon at low tide level in a conventional power generation device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a photoelectric conversion portion in optical detection;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of light rays in a triangular prism;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional plot of deflection angle versus angle of incidence and angle of change;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the light path at maximum incidence angle of the primary cross-section of the triangular prism;
FIG. 9 is a graph of maximum angle of incidence versus apex angle;
FIG. 10 shows that the main section of the prism has an incidence angle greater than A max Is a light path diagram of (1);
FIG. 11 is a graph of maximum incidence angle versus refractive index;
fig. 12 is a triangular prism main section optical path diagram of a=90°;
fig. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of a photodetection sea level system.
The marks in the drawings are: 1-pontoon, 2-connecting rod, 3-travelling car, 4-motor, 5-support column, 6-first track, 7-photoelectric detection sea level system, 8-pontoon mobile platform, 9-second track, 10-right angle triangular prism, VCC-power, 11-operational amplification signal processor, 12-communicating pipe, LED 1-first emitting diode, LED 2-second emitting diode, D1-first phototriode, D2-second phototriode, LED 3-third emitting diode, LED 4-fourth emitting diode.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1.
In the method for controlling a pontoon in a wave energy power generation device to track sea level, at normal tide level, sea level is between a high-level detector and a low-level detector, no sea water exists in a right-angle triangular prism 10 between a first light emitting diode LED1 and a first phototriode D1 of the high-level detector, when the first light emitting diode LED1 emits light, light rays can be directly transmitted along air to be received by the first phototriode D1, the first phototriode D1 is conducted after receiving the light by the first phototriode D1, an operational amplification signal processor 11 is provided with input of detection signals, the output signals are processed by the operational amplification signal processor 11 to enable a third light emitting diode LED3 to be unlit, and a connecting port (such as a P1.0 port in FIG. 13) of the third light emitting diode LED3 and a chip is at a low level; when the second light emitting diode (LED 2) of the low-level detector emits light, the right-angle triangular prism (10) between the second light emitting diode (LED 2) and the second phototransistor (D2) is provided with seawater, and light rays can be totally reflected in the right-angle triangular prism (10) filled with seawater and can not be received by the second phototransistor (D2), the second phototransistor (D2) is cut off, the operational amplification signal processor (11) is provided with input of detection signals, then a signal is output through the processing of the operational amplification signal processor (11), the output signal can enable the fourth Light Emitting Diode (LED) 4 to be lightened, and at the moment, the connection port (such as the P1.1 port in FIG. 13) of the fourth Light Emitting Diode (LED) 4) and a chip is at a high level; the relay does not work, and the motor 4 is in a stop state;
when the tide rises, the sea level is above the high-level detector, the first light emitting diode LED 1-first phototriode D1 of the high-level detector and the right-angle triangular prism 10 between the second light emitting diode LED 2-second phototriode D2 of the low-level detector are all provided with seawater, the third light emitting diode LED3 and the fourth light emitting diode LED4 are both lighted, at the moment, the connection port (such as the P1.1 port in FIG. 13) of the fourth light emitting diode LED4 and the chip and the connection port (such as the P1.0 port in FIG. 13) of the third light emitting diode LED3 and the chip are both high levels, so that the relay is in actuation work, the circuit of the motor 4 is switched on, the motor 4 starts to forward rotate to drive the movable pontoon platform 8 to move upwards, the pontoon moving platform 8 drives the pontoon 1 to move upwards, and the upward movement is stopped until the third light emitting diode LED3 is not lighted, and the sea level is between the high-level detector and the low-level detector.
When the sea level is in tide, the sea level is below the low-level detector, the first light emitting diode LED 1-the first phototriode D1 of the high-level detector and the right-angle triangular prism 10 between the second light emitting diode LED 2-the second phototriode D2 of the low-level detector are all free of sea water, the third light emitting diode LED3 and the fourth light emitting diode LED4 are both lightened by output signals, at the moment, the connection port (such as a P1.1 port in fig. 13) of the fourth light emitting diode LED4 and a chip and the connection port (such as a P1.0 port in fig. 13) of the third light emitting diode LED3 and the chip are both low-level, the relay does not work, and the motor is in a stop state; at the same time, the clock module starts to work and count down, when the clock is displayed as 00, the timing time is up, so that the relay is in suction work, the circuit where the motor 4 is positioned is switched on, the motor 4 starts to rotate reversely to drive the pontoon moving platform 8 to move downwards, the pontoon moving platform 8 drives the pontoon 1 to move downwards, and the downward movement is stopped until the fourth light emitting diode LED4 is lighted, and at the moment, the sea level is positioned between the high-level detector and the low-level detector.
Example 2.
The device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device comprises a pontoon 1, wherein the pontoon 1 is connected with a pontoon moving platform 8, the pontoon moving platform 8 is connected with a moving trolley 3 through a connecting rod 2, a motor 4 and a photoelectric detection sea level system 7 are arranged on the moving trolley 3, and the moving trolley 3 and the pontoon moving platform 8 are respectively matched with a first guide rail 6 and a second guide rail 9 at two sides of a supporting column 5;
the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 comprises a right-angle triangular prism 10, a communicating pipe 12 communicated with sea water is arranged at the bottom of the right-angle triangular prism 10, a high-position detector and a low-position detector are respectively arranged at two sides of the transverse central line of the right-angle triangular prism 10, and the high-position detector is connected with a third light emitting diode LED3 through an operational amplification signal processor 11; the low-order detector is connected with the fourth light emitting diode LED4 via an operational amplification signal processor 11.
The high-level detector includes a first light emitting portion and a first photoelectric conversion portion respectively provided at both sides of a longitudinal center line of the right triangular prism 10; the first light-emitting part is a first light-emitting diode (LED 1); the first photoelectric conversion portion is a first phototransistor D1.
The low-level detector includes a second light emitting portion and a second photoelectric conversion portion respectively provided at both sides of a longitudinal center line of the right triangular prism 10; the second light-emitting part is a second light-emitting diode (LED 2); the second photoelectric conversion part is a second phototransistor D2.
Working principle: in normal tide level, sea level is between the high level detector and the low level detector in the photoelectric detection sea level system 7, the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 can not send out signals, the motor 4 does not work, the pontoon moving platform 8 is stationary, and the position is not changed.
When the sea level rises, the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 sends out a signal when the sea level rises above the high-level detector, the motor 4 works to drive the pontoon moving platform 8 and the pontoon 1 to move upwards, so that the pontoon moving platform 8 is controlled to rise along with the rising of the sea level, at the moment, the pontoon moving platform 8 also drives the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 to move upwards to re-detect the sea level until the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 re-detects that the sea level is between the high-level detector and the low-level detector, the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 stops sending out the signal, and the motor 4 stops working to stop the pontoon moving platform 8.
When the sea level falls to the lower position below the low position detector, the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 sends out a signal, the motor 4 works to drive the pontoon moving platform 8 and the pontoon 1 to move downwards, so that the pontoon moving platform 8 is controlled to descend along with the falling sea level, at the moment, the pontoon moving platform 8 also drives the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 to move downwards to re-detect the sea level until the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 re-detects that the sea level is between the high position detector and the low position detector, the photoelectric detection sea level system 7 stops sending out the signal, and the motor 4 stops working to stop the pontoon moving platform 8.
Claims (1)
1. The method for controlling the pontoon in the wave energy power generation device to track the sea level is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of detecting sea level through a photoelectric sea level detection system, and controlling a pontoon moving platform to move along with the sea level; the pontoon moving platform drives the photoelectric detection sea level system and the pontoon to move, so that the pontoon tracks the sea level; detecting the sea level through a photoelectric sea level detection system, and controlling the pontoon moving platform to move along with the sea level; the sea level is positioned between the high-level detector and the low-level detector, and is a normal tide level, and the motor is in a stop state; the sea level is above the high-level detector, and is a tide rise level, and the motor is started to drive the pontoon moving platform and the pontoon to move upwards; the sea level is below the low-level detector and is a tide-falling position, and the motor is started to drive the pontoon moving platform and the pontoon to move downwards; the motor is started, namely a clock module is started to carry out delay time, and after the time is up, the motor is started; the high-order detector comprises a first light emitting part and a first photoelectric conversion part, and the low-order detector comprises a second light emitting part and a second photoelectric conversion part; right-angle triangular prisms are arranged between the first light-emitting part and the first photoelectric conversion part and between the second light-emitting part and the second photoelectric conversion part, and communicating pipes communicated with seawater are arranged at the bottoms of the right-angle triangular prisms; detecting sea level movement by detecting sea water level in a right angle triangular prism; the device for controlling the pontoon to track the sea level in the wave energy power generation device comprises a pontoon (1), wherein the pontoon (1) is connected with a pontoon moving platform (8), the pontoon moving platform (8) is connected with a moving trolley (3) through a connecting rod (2), a motor (4) and a photoelectric detection sea level system (7) are arranged on the moving trolley (3), and the moving trolley (3) and the pontoon moving platform (8) are respectively matched with a first guide rail (6) and a second guide rail (9) at two sides of a supporting column (5); the photoelectric detection sea level system (7) comprises a right-angle triangular prism (10), a communicating pipe (12) communicated with sea water is arranged at the bottom of the right-angle triangular prism (10), a high-position detector and a low-position detector are respectively arranged at two sides of the transverse central line of the right-angle triangular prism (10), and the high-position detector is connected with a third light emitting diode (LED 3) through an operational amplification signal processor (11); the low-order detector is connected with a fourth light-emitting diode (LED 4) through an operational amplification signal processor (11); the high-level detector comprises a first light emitting part and a first photoelectric conversion part which are respectively arranged at two sides of the longitudinal center line of the right-angle triangular prism (10); the first light emitting part is a first light emitting diode (LED 1); the first photoelectric conversion part is a first phototransistor (D1); the low-level detector includes a second light emitting portion and a second photoelectric conversion portion respectively provided on both sides of a longitudinal center line of a right-angle triangular prism (10); the second light emitting part is a second light emitting diode (LED 2); the second photoelectric conversion part is a second phototransistor (D2).
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