CN107258770A - 一种月季切花保鲜液 - Google Patents
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- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical class C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 235000000664 Rosa chinensis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 240000008254 Rosa chinensis Species 0.000 abstract 1
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- 244000284380 Hibiscus rosa sinensis Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 6
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- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000283207 Indigofera tinctoria Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000154511 Rosa hybrid cultivar Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002315 Rosa hybrid cultivar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000220222 Rosaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 sulphur Silver thiosulfate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 240000001829 Catharanthus roseus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N D-isoascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000366676 Justicia pectoralis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011449 Rosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000258825 Scaevola taccada Species 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003503 cut flower preservation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009363 floriculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008132 rose water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
- A01N3/02—Keeping cut flowers fresh chemically
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种月季切花保鲜液,属于切花保鲜技术领域。所述切花保鲜液的配方包括20g/L蔗糖、120~150mg/L 8‑HQ、80~100mg/L柠檬酸、3.5~4.2g/L硝酸钙、16~22mg/L 6‑BA,溶剂为水。本发明提供的切花保鲜液原料简单易得,保鲜效果显著,能够有效鲜切花月季观赏效果,延长其瓶插寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于切花保鲜技术领域,具体涉及一种月季切花保鲜液。
背景技术
月季(Rosahybrida),蔷薇科,又名月月红、长春花,蔷薇科蔷薇属常绿或半常绿灌木,多有皮刺,小叶3~7枚,花色丰富,4~11月多次开放,若条件适宜则常年开花。切花月季是世界四大鲜切花之一,有着“花中皇后”的美誉,多年稳居我国切花第一的位置。
切花是花卉市场的主导产品,通常是指从植物体上剪切下来的花朵、花枝等,是专供插花和花艺设计用的鲜活植物材料。切花很难保存,一般切花1-2天后就开始凋败,从而失去观赏价值。切花之所以容易枯萎,最主要的原因切花体内的水分、营养物质容易失衡,目前已公开的月季切花保鲜效果不是特别突出,并且保鲜液的配方基本上是以硝酸银或硫代硫酸银作为主要成分衍生而来的,配制工艺复杂,不易保存、成本较高并并且有毒,不同程度上会对人体和环境造成不良影响。因此,开发一种安全环保、效果显著的无银离子保鲜剂是非常有必要的。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种经济、实用、环保、操作性强的月季切花保鲜液,从而提高切花月季的实用观赏价值,延长其瓶插寿命。
具体的,本发明提供的月季切花保鲜液,其配方包括20g/L蔗糖、120~150mg/L 8-HQ、80~100mg/L柠檬酸、3.5~4.2g/L硝酸钙、16~22mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。
优选地,所述切花保鲜液的配方包括20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸、4g/L硝酸钙、20mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。
更优选地,所述切花保鲜液还包括80~100mg/L异抗坏血酸。
本发明提供的切花保鲜液原料简单易得,安全环保,保鲜效果显著,能够有效鲜切花月季观赏效果,延长其瓶插寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的不同保鲜液对月季切花观赏值的影响图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案能予以实施,下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
当实施例给出数值范围时,应理解,除非本发明另有说明,每个数值范围的两个端点以及两个端点之间任何一个数值均可选用。除非另外定义,本发明中使用的所有技术和科学术语与本技术领域技术人员通常理解的意义相同。除实施例中使用的具体方法、设备、材料外,根据本技术领域的技术人员对现有技术的掌握及本发明的记载,还可以使用与本发明实施例中所述的方法、设备、材料相似或等同的现有技术的任何方法、设备和材料来实现本发明。
本发明提供的月季切花保鲜液配方为:包括20g/L蔗糖、120~150mg/L 8-HQ、80~100mg/L柠檬酸、3.5~4.2g/L硝酸钙、16~22mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。配方成分非常简单,所选取的原料成本低廉,且没有任何毒性,安全性比较高,具有很好的推广性。优选地,上述月季切花保鲜液配方还包括80~100mg/L异抗坏血酸,添加了异抗坏血酸的切花保鲜液处理月季切花效果更佳。
基于该发明创造,以下就具体的示例对本发明的技术方案进行具体的举例说明。
实施例1
本实施例一种月季切花保鲜液,其配方为:20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸、4g/L硝酸钙、20mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。
具体配制方法为:按配方组成分别称取原料蔗糖、8-HQ、柠檬酸、硝酸钙和6-BA,在容量瓶中加入少量水,然后依次加入上述原料,加水定容至1000mL。
实施例2
本实施例一种月季切花保鲜液,其配方为:20g/L蔗糖、120mg/L 8-HQ、80mg/L柠檬酸、3.5g/L硝酸钙、22mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。其配制方法与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本实施例一种月季切花保鲜液,其配方为:20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸、4g/L硝酸钙、20mg/L 6-BA、100mg/L异抗坏血酸,溶剂为水。其配制方法与实施例1相同。
对比例1
本对比例一种月季切花保鲜液,其配方为:20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸,溶剂为水。其配制方法与实施例1相同。
对比例2
本对比例一种月季切花保鲜液,其配方为:20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸、4g/L硝酸钙,溶剂为水。其配制方法与实施例相同。
对比例3
本对比例一种月季切花保鲜液,其配方为:20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸、100mg/L硝酸钙、20mg/L赤霉素,溶剂为水。其配制方法与实施例相同。
为了验证本发明提供的月季切花保鲜液的显著效果,下面以实施例1-3提供的月季切花保鲜液为例,并结合对比例1-3以及清水试验和市售主流保鲜剂可利鲜对照试验,进行具体的说明。
选取月季“超玫”品种,选择若干生长状况基本一致、含苞待放的月季作为实验材料。
将实施例1-3提供的月季切花保鲜液和对比例1-3提供的月季切花保鲜液为母液,加水稀释20倍配制瓶插液;分别准备6个市售玻璃水培花瓶(高18cm,上口直径9.5cm,底径11cm)作为瓶插容器,用于分别盛装实施例1-3以及对比例1-3提供的瓶插液1000mL。月季水中斜切,留枝长30cm,保留2片复叶,月季花枝浸深10cm左右,每个处理10枝切花,3次重复。室内平均气温10℃,最高19℃,相对湿度50~65%,室内以散射光为主。
同时准备2个同样的市售玻璃水培花瓶,分别盛装1000mL清水和1000mL可利鲜。进行清水对照处理(CK1)和可利鲜对照处理(CK2)。
从切花浸入瓶插液开始,每天定时观察切花形态变化,记录不同处理每天的观赏值和最终瓶插寿命。
切花观赏价值的评价具体如下:
一级(5分):花色纯正无色变,色彩鲜艳,膨胀度好,花瓣及茎叶无弯曲、下垂、皱缩、萎蔫的现象;
二级(4分):花色有轻微的色变,花色略暗淡,膨胀度稍差,花瓣及茎叶有轻微萎蔫现象;
三级(3分):色变较明显,花色暗淡,花朵已失去观赏价值,但叶色尚好,饱满直立;
四级(2分):萼片水平或下垂,花瓣色变明显,有坏死斑点或斑块,花瓣失水明显,叶片中度萎蔫,无弯颈;
五级(1分):花开但花瓣松散外卷,花朵露心且掉瓣,花朵蓝变,花茎弯曲或花朵未能开放且花朵蓝变,花茎弯曲。
计算方法:将每个处理中30枝切花观赏值的平均值作为该处理当天的观赏值。保鲜实验以一半切花花朵色变明显,花茎弯曲,叶片萎蔫,花朵露心且掉瓣并失去观赏价值作为瓶插寿命结束的标志。
根据上述方法得出不同瓶插液的瓶插寿命具体如表1所示:
表1 不同瓶插液的瓶插寿命
由表1可以看出,8个处理中,清水对照CK1效果最差,瓶插寿命为7天,实施例3提供的保鲜液处理效果最好,瓶插寿命为15天,比清水延长了8天,比可利鲜处理寿命延长两天,实施例1提供的保鲜液与可利鲜处理瓶插寿命相同,为13天,实施例1提供的保鲜液效果较实施例1还好一些。除对比例3外,其他处理均在瓶插的第三天盛开,这可能是由于对比例3中添加的赤霉素具有促进开花的作用,导致花开过早。
图1为不同保鲜液对月季切花观赏值的影响,由图1可以看出,实施例1、实施例3和可利鲜处理(CK2)在月季切花瓶插的前五天观赏值均为一级(5分),而后可利鲜处理观赏值变化趋势与实施例1非常接近,实施例3处理在第7天以后逐渐显现优势,平均观赏值均为最高,在瓶插的第15天实施例3处理仍有一半以上花卉尚未失去观赏价值。可见,本发明提供的切花保鲜液保鲜效果显著,能够有效鲜切花月季观赏效果,延长其瓶插寿命。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例,其保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换,均在本发明的保护范围之内,本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。
Claims (3)
1.一种月季切花保鲜液,其特征在于,所述切花保鲜液的配方包括20g/L蔗糖、120~150mg/L 8-HQ、80~100mg/L柠檬酸、3.5~4.2g/L硝酸钙、16~22mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的月季切花保鲜液,其特征在于,所述切花保鲜液的配方包括20g/L蔗糖、150mg/L 8-HQ、100mg/L柠檬酸、4g/L硝酸钙、20mg/L 6-BA,溶剂为水。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的月季切花保鲜液,其特征在于,还包括80~100mg/L异抗坏血酸。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108552166A (zh) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-21 | 商丘师范学院 | 一种延长月季瓶插寿命的方法 |
CN113978904A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-28 | 许昌学院 | 一种切花保鲜运输方法 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108552166A (zh) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-21 | 商丘师范学院 | 一种延长月季瓶插寿命的方法 |
CN113978904A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-28 | 许昌学院 | 一种切花保鲜运输方法 |
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