CN107256660A - Begin to learn art teaching geometric mould - Google Patents
Begin to learn art teaching geometric mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN107256660A CN107256660A CN201710599221.9A CN201710599221A CN107256660A CN 107256660 A CN107256660 A CN 107256660A CN 201710599221 A CN201710599221 A CN 201710599221A CN 107256660 A CN107256660 A CN 107256660A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B11/00—Teaching hand-writing, shorthand, drawing, or painting
- G09B11/10—Teaching painting
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Abstract
Art teaching geometric mould is begun to learn the invention discloses one kind, with standard or non-standard solid spatial form.The geometric mould is made using transparent material, and geometric mould interior space shape and perspective shape are visibility status for any angle.The geometric mould is hollow solid, and geometric mould outer surface is combined by transparent thin board, is clean air inside geometric mould.Cuboid or square auxiliary frame can also be set outside the solid with circular or arc section.The stereochemical structure of the transparent geometric mould of the present invention is directly perceived visible, with reference to auxiliary frame advantageously in the understanding of beginner.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of dedicated for the transparent of beginner's art teaching the present invention relates to a kind of art teaching model
Geometric mould.
Background technology
In real art teaching, most important basic training is exactly Structure Sketching training, begins to learn the main core of Structure Sketching
The heart is exactly the training of solid sketch.So-called solid sketch training, exactly allows beginner to face standard or non-type several
What body spatial model carries out sketch practice, beginner is progressively grasped still life third dimension and the basic technique of painting, reason in the training process
Still life space structure and state are solved, the perspective structure of still life is understood.
The spatial form of geometric mould can be described as constituting substantially for the spatial form of the various objects of temporal
Element, i.e. thus solid sketch technique of expression training Structure Sketching turn into art teaching in most basic starting point, be also
The basic training of art painting.
In current art teaching, the geometric mould imparted knowledge to students for Structure Sketching, typically all with gypsum press mold system
Into the single solid for having standard has nearly twenty or thirty moulding with solid, a set of product is combined.It is characterized in being readily processible to
Type, lightweight, intensity are big, nontoxic, are generally received by people.But this gypsum geometric mould is completely not
Transparent, no matter in terms of what angle, at most can only see three faces.Internal structure and its perspective can not be seen from a side
Structure, can only can just obtain the shape and structure of solid by reasoning and the imagination.For space imagination develop not in place just
For scholar, this imagination is to need substantial amounts of time and efforts, and general experience is：Beginner is according to this gypsum solid
Understand that spatial form probably needs the bimestrial time.
The present inventor is the art teacher being directly engaged in teaching, and many was run into art teaching on solid sketch
The problem of in class.When such as upper class hour is placed on geometric mould on desk, the student of diverse location is because position difference is seen
To be different shapes, and the sketch work that student's sketch of diverse location is completed is also each different angle, thus always
Teacher can not accurately judge whether grasp of the student to position and angle be correct.This gypsum solid sketch model is really to just
Learn art teaching and bring certain puzzlement.
The One function of solid Structure Sketching is to grasp the basic technique of painting of Perspective Principles and perspective, such as long for gypsum
Cube, people is at best able to it is seen that three faces and relative elements, also sightless face and lines.Thus can not intuitively it see
Go out or draw perspective structure, even if the perspective view drawn is also to infer to draw.As shown in figure 1, people often follow length
Each side of cube is that the vertical or parallel technique of painting obtains perspective view, here it is following the perspective that the vertical or parallel technique of painting is obtained
Figure, contour line 1,2 and 3,4 constitutes a parallelogram, and contour line 5 and 2,3 is also parallel with 6, it is clear that with reality
Cuboid is inconsistent, because near big and far smaller solid space relation can not be embodied well.
And the cuboid seen should be as shown in Fig. 2 be cuboid perspective view, it appears that natural, smooth, meet perspective
Principle and rule.If transparent pane body just can directly find out said structure state.
The reason for causing above mentioned problem is caused because sketch geometric mould is opaque in itself, saturating in such as Fig. 1
The perspective ray imagination in view is drawn, and beginner can not pass through the aerial prospective for understanding solid of Structure Sketching quickly
Relation.And the perspective structure in Fig. 2 is by observing the structure that transparent solid is directly obtained.
For these reasons, inventor developed a kind of solid see-through model for art teaching.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of can dedicated for the art teaching of beginner geometric mould, can
With improve beginner to the effect of the solid Structure Sketching of art teaching training, improve learning efficiency.
The present invention's begins to learn art teaching geometric mould, with standard or non-standard solid spatial form.
Wherein, the geometric mould is hollow structure, is made using transparent material, the geometric mould spatial form and perspective figures
Shape is transparent visual state for any angle；The solid is shaped as cuboid, square, polyhedron, centrum, post
Body, spheroid and these solids combine one of solid to be formed.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the geometric mould is hollow solid, geometry
Body Model wall is made up of transparent thin board, is clean air inside geometric mould.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the geometric mould has contour line, the wheel
Profile is the lines highlighted；The lines highlighted are lines colorful or being highlighted of tinting, or
Person is the entity lines of different materials, or applies the form combination lines of colo(u)r streak and entity lines.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the geometric mould outer surface is provided with auxiliary
Line, the boost line is center line, diagonal or ring-like line, and those boost lines are highlighted；The boost line highlighted
For lines colorful or being highlighted of tinting, or it is attached to the entity line of the different materials on solid surface
Bar.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the geometric mould is independent cylinder, circle
Cone, spheroid, surface cylinder body, round platform or include cylinder, cone, spheroid, surface cylinder body, round platform combination it is several
He Ti；The cylinder of the geometric mould, cone, spheroid, surface cylinder body, round platform part are correspondingly arranged detachable auxiliary
Framework.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the detachable auxiliary frame is for cuboid or just
Cube framework, by four sides, vertical frame is constituted with parallel underframe up and down, wherein vertical frame be provided with vertical fram regula and in
Heart lines, the underframe parallel up and down sets the fram regula and diagonal bars or center lines of level.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the cuboid framework or square framework are above and below
Two parts are constituted, and two parts combine connection by grafting engaging, magnetic attraction or adhesive bond mode up and down.
Described above begins to learn in art teaching geometric mould, the cylinder of the geometric mould, cone, tiltedly
Face cylinder, round platform part correspondence cuboid framework, cuboid framework and cylinder, cone, surface cylinder body, round platform etc.
Height, cylinder, cone, surface cylinder body, round platform bottom circle and cuboid framework underframe are in inscribe state.
Described above is begun to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and the spherical part of the geometric mould is correspondingly arranged
Square framework, is in inscribe state between spheroid and square framework.
Described above is begun to learn in art teaching geometric mould, and demountable auxiliary short-term is set on the frame
Bar, auxiliary short-term bar is removably arranged between vertical edge strip
Because the present invention is changed to gypsum geometric mould transparent hollow structure geometric mould, the three-dimensional knot of geometric mould
Structure is directly perceived visible, not only can have a clear understanding of perspective structure and internal structure from outside any angle.Due also to
The air only cleaned in hollow solid structure, it is air dielectric to make the medium inside and outside solid, and this identical is empty
The refractive index of gas medium is identical, thus obvious light refraction will not be produced in solid, will not also produce diffraction and show
As.Get up from external observation and just do not have larger lines metaboly, be conducive to the understanding of transparent effect.Contour line protrudes mark
Will and boost line are highlighted, the advantageously understanding in beginner to solid modeling structure and transparent effect.
The circular cross-section or the auxiliary frame of oval shaped portion designed in the present invention, can by corresponding camber line face with it is auxiliary
Help the planarea of framework to be contrasted, so the spatial form in most indigestible camber line face can be placed on one it is related straight
Observed in line coordinates system, advantageously in the understanding to moulding, space and perspective and drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the imagination perspective view of gypsum cuboid geometric mould；
Fig. 2 is the cuboid see-through model perspective effect figure directly perceived of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the cuboid see-through model perspective effect figure directly perceived of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the cuboid see-through model perspective effect figure directly perceived of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 5 is the imagination perspective view of gypsum cylinder geometric mould；
Fig. 6 is the cylindrical transparent model perspective effect figure directly perceived of the embodiment of the present invention 4；
Fig. 7 is the cuboid auxiliary frame dimensional structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the perspective effect figure directly perceived of the transparent cylinder with auxiliary frame of the embodiment of the present invention 5；
Fig. 9 is the transparent cone perspective effect figure directly perceived with auxiliary frame of the embodiment of the present invention 6；
Figure 10 is the perspective effect figure directly perceived of the transparent ball with auxiliary frame of the embodiment of the present invention 7.
Embodiment
The structure and effect to transparent geometric mould of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：It is a kind of hollow saturating as shown in Fig. 2 the present embodiment is a kind of transparent geometric mould of cuboid
Bright cuboid solid, is that the cuboid to be formed is combined in six faces, and each face is that PVC transparent sheet of material is constituted, can be with
It is to be made or be directly made in the way of injection molding or compression molding by shadowless glue bonding between each face joint portion.
Wherein the contour line of the cuboid solid is with prominent color displays.Its method highlighted can be in the contour line
Place is coated with the pigment of other colors or is made at the contour line of other materials, can also use high bright material
Or fluorescent material coats to be formed, in order to which observer easily has found the location and shape of contour line.
The cuboid is the air for cleaning inside hollow cuboid, hollow part, and the purpose is to reduce inside solid
Light refraction effect during for non-transparent entity, and then reduce the influence to transparent effect.Due in transparent entity solid,
Because the presence of refraction effect, it can directly change the angle of contour line, observer is produced larger illusion, therefore, typically recognize
Be not suitable for entity solid is made for current transparent material and used to do art teaching.Because not yet finding to roll over air at present
The identical or close transparent material of rate is penetrated, if this material can make the cuboid of entity completely.
As shown in Fig. 2 when transparent solid is as sketch geometric mould in the present embodiment, can intuitively show very much
The framework of the other direction views of solid, the space structure for understanding geometric mould completely is reached by transparent effect,
During sketch beginners can be made to produce stronger third dimension, reach the current irrealizable teaching efficiency of gypsum solid.Such as
Contour line 2 and 3 in Fig. 2, it is in transparent effect and not parallel, but extension intersects at end point.Similarly contour line 5 and 6
Parastate is not shown as, is also to intersect at end point.Horizontal line 1 and 4 such as is also no longer at the long structure, is fully shown near big remote
Small the characteristics of.Compared with existing gypsum solid 1, its transparent effect is intuitively visible, beginner is typically can base in all
This grasp Structure Sketching skill.
Embodiment 2：As shown in figure 3, a kind of transparent solid of cuboid of the present embodiment, as different from Example 1 in reality
Centre of surface line 7 is added on the basis of the basic structure for applying example 1 as boost line.This increased boost line 7 is with highlight color
The mode of display occurs, and so more contributes to understanding of the beginner to perspective structure.The present embodiment is transparent configuration, but in order to
The boost line 7 that a face is only depicted in the lines in accompanying drawing, Fig. 3 is reduced, special instruction is that other each faces also can
Boost line is set.
For the way of the boost line 7, can be to coat and to be formed with colored or the material being highlighted, can also
It is that entity lines colour band is made with other materials, entity lines colour band is attached to geometry external surface and formed.
Embodiment 3：As shown in figure 4, a kind of transparent solid of cuboid of the present embodiment, as different from Example 1 in reality
Surface diagonal is added on the basis of the basic structure for applying example 1 as boost line 7.This increased boost line 7 is to highlight
Mode occur, so more contribute to understanding of the beginner to perspective structure.The present embodiment is transparent configuration, but in order to reduce
The boost line 7 in a face is only depicted in lines in accompanying drawing, Fig. 4, special instruction is that other each faces can also be set
Boost line.
For the way of the boost line 7, can be to coat and to be formed with colored or the material being highlighted, can also
It is that entity lines colour band is made with other materials, entity lines colour band is attached to geometry external surface and formed.
Embodiment 4：It is a kind of hollow saturating as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is a kind of transparent geometric mould of cylinder
Bright cylinder solid, is that PVC transparent sheet of material is constituted, cylinder can be injection or compression molding, and upper bottom is to bond
Mode is connected, naturally it is also possible to be global formation.Wherein the contour line 8 and 9 of the cylinder solid is aobvious with prominent color
Show.
The cylinder is the air for cleaning inside hollow circular cylinder, hollow part, and the purpose is to reduce inside solid
Light refraction effect during for non-transparent entity, reduces the influence to transparent effect.Due in transparent entity solid, because
The presence of refraction effect, can directly change the angle of contour line, observer is produced larger illusion, therefore, it is considered that mesh
Preceding transparent material is not suitable for entity solid is made to be used to do art teaching.Because not yet finding at present and air refraction
Identical or close transparent material, if this material can make the cylinder model of entity completely.
As shown in fig. 6, the transparent column external surface of the present embodiment sets boost line, the boost line is the ring on the face of cylinder
Line 10 and the center line of upper bottom, those lines are highlighted.
When transparent solid is as sketch geometric mould in the present embodiment, solid side entirely can be intuitively shown very much
The framework of direction view, the space structure for understanding geometric mould completely is reached by transparent effect, can be made in sketch just
Scholars produce stronger third dimension.Reach the current irrealizable teaching efficiency of gypsum solid.Such as the contour line in Fig. 6
8th, 9 should be circular, and boost line ring 10 is also circular.And people are saturating by what is imagined in gypsum solid
View shape as shown in Figure 5, in perspective view 5, the ellipse of two contour lines 8 and 9 formation is identical up and down, and major and minor axis is homogeneous
Together.But in transparent perspective view in figure 6, it can be found that contour line 8,9 and the perspective ellipse of the formation of boost line ring 10
It is different, the short axle of contour line 8 is minimum, the short axle of contour line 9 is maximum, and the short axle of boost line is placed in the middle.This, which is only, in fact passes through
Observe the correct perspective structure that transparent cylinder is produced.
Embodiment 5：The present embodiment is the transparent cylinder with auxiliary frame, and as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, transparent column is external
Cuboid auxiliary frame is set, and the auxiliary frame is provided with four vertical frames 16, upper underframe 11 and lower underframe 17.Each of which
Individual vertical frame 16 is made up of the vertical edge strip 14 of both sides, middle central bars 15 and upper lower sid strip, and adjacent two frame can be shared
A line bar 14.Underframe is then each provided with four edges bar 13 up and down, and edge strip 13 can also serve as the upper lower sid strip of vertical frame 16.On
Lower two underframe 11 and 17 respectively sets diagonal bars 12.When specifically used, the auxiliary frame can be divided into above and below two can group
The part closed and disassembled, as shown in Fig. 7 using upper underframe 11 as dismountable part, in order at any time by transparent cylinder
It is placed into auxiliary frame, then is combined from top.
Position relationship between transparent cylinder and auxiliary frame is that the face of cylinder of cylinder and the frame of auxiliary frame are in
Tangent relation, specifically shows as section and relation of the auxiliary frame for inscribe of cylinder.
Annexation above and below auxiliary frame between two parts can be connected together by grafting, magnetic can also be set to connect
Fitting magnetic attracting is connected, naturally it is also possible to is bonded and connected by shadowless glue etc..The docking site between two parts may be used also up and down
It is also to be docked by above-mentioned mode to be arranged on the centre of auxiliary frame.
The present embodiment is perpendicular on the cuboid auxiliary frame that inscribe relation is set on the outside of transparent cylinder, auxiliary frame
Straight flange bar, up and down center edge strip, underframe edge strip and diagonal bars can constitute the position relationship of line-like coordinate system, in observation
To aid in frame to be used as rectilinear coordinates system during the face of cylinder of cylinder, advantageously in beginner to cylinder perspective relation
Understanding.Beginner is also contributed to according to rectilinear coordinates system to draw camber line.
Embodiment 6：
The present embodiment is the transparent cone with auxiliary frame, as shown in Fig. 9, Fig. 7, sets cuboid auxiliary outside transparent cone
Framework is helped, the auxiliary frame is identical with the auxiliary frame structure of embodiment 5.When transparent cone is placed into auxiliary frame,
Combined again from top.Now the cone of transparent cone is just overlapped with the diagonal crosspoint of upper underframe.
Position relationship between transparent cone and auxiliary frame is that the bottom surface of cone and the lower underframe of auxiliary frame are in
Tangent relation, specifically shows as bottom surface and relation of the auxiliary frame for inscribe of cone.
Embodiment 7：
Embodiment 7 is setting square auxiliary frame outside transparent ball, as shown in Figure 10, the concrete structure and reality of square framework
Apply example 5 essentially identical, when spheroid is placed in auxiliary frame, the central point of the frame of spheroid and auxiliary frame is tangent, be presented one
Plant inscribe relation.
, can be at 1/2nd of auxiliary frame height, at 1/3rd for the display perspective structure become apparent from
Or in the position such as boost line that periphery is indicated, ring-type is surrounded with small short-term bar, being more favorable for beginner, to study its transversal
Structure, space and the perspective in face.
Size scale can certainly be set in the boost line or auxiliary frame on solid surface, be formed to observer
More intuitively feel.
The transparent geometric mould of the present invention generates following effect in art teaching.
1st, make the overall structure of each geometrical body very clear by transparent design, beneficial to moulding.According to A Enhai
Nurse exists《Art and Visual Perception》In it is described：" shape of an object is not individually to be fallen by this object on eyes at all times
What image was determined, the back side of a spheroid is that eyes be can't see, but this is hidden in the spheroid demifacet at back, ought to be with seeing
The first half circle that must be seen belongs to that part of entirety together, in actual consciousness, often also becomes intuition object at the moment
One part." my design can allow beginner really to observe the internal structure external structure of geometrical body just, especially hidden
Ensconce the important feature at back.If multiple geometrical bodies are combined, the structure to gypsum geometrical body imagines the time
Can be very long, and this model just shows his great advantage.
2nd, beginner can be allowed to be better understood from the third dimension of geometrical body.So-called solid, i.e. object have length and width, thick
Body is presented.The image that mankind's right and left eyes are seen is different, and eyes have parallax, and this is also that people can see clearly solid space
Main cause, be relief source.The present invention is conducive to the third dimension perception of culture drawing beginner.
3rd, used by field research, gypsum solid understands that difficulty is big.More than 70 percent beginner needs one
Went to understand imagination solid by two months, the structure that can't be understood and draw geometrical body shows its third dimension.And make
Such issues that just easily solved during with this type teaching.The beginner of percentage more than 80 once week without that can draw geometry
The third dimension of body.
4th, beginner can be allowed to be better understood from the perspective of geometrical body（Looking squarely, looking up, overlooking in parallel perspective and
Angular perspective, inclination perspective）.In Structure Sketching training, perspective is an important step, and structured training is correct with perspective
Best means.Geometrical perspective method results from mathematical principle, is geometrical perspective to be applied among the performance of graphics art, makes section
Learn the skill and technique being combined with art.Its spatial impression, third dimension mainly by means of near big and far smaller perspective phenomenon represented object.Thoroughly
Depending on being broadly divided into three classes i.e. parallel perspective, angular perspective and tilting perspective, the perspective commonly used in primary teaching practice is parallel
Perspective and angular perspective.The perspective change of the product of the present invention produces distance perspective, carrys out expressive space structure, serves and get instant result
Teaching efficiency.
5th, apparent time is being made clear of by cylinder, spheroid, cone marks supplementary structure on the geometrical body such as cuboid
Line, can allow the vivid observation of beginner and understanding cylinder, spheroid, cone, the cross section institute of the geometrical body such as cuboid
The perspective change of generation, this helps very big to beginner.
The 6th, the auxiliary frame of cuboid or square is set outside the transparent solid with circular or arc section,
The frame of framework is all the three-dimensional structure of straight line, is so investigated equivalent to circular object is placed under straight line environment,
It is very beneficial for beginner to the understanding of circular object perspective structure and solid space and draws.
Claims (10)
1. one kind begins to learn art teaching geometric mould, with standard or non-standard solid spatial form, its feature
It is：The geometric mould is hollow structure, is made using transparent material, the geometric mould spatial form and perspective figures
Shape is transparent visual state for any angle；The solid is shaped as cuboid, square, polyhedron, centrum, post
Body, spheroid and these solids combine one of solid to be formed.
2. according to claim 1 begin to learn art teaching geometric mould, it is characterised in that：The geometric mould is
Hollow solid, geometric mould wall is made up of transparent thin board, is clean air inside geometric mould.
3. according to claim 2 begin to learn art teaching geometric mould, it is characterised in that：The geometric mould tool
There is contour line, the contour line is the lines highlighted；The lines highlighted are aobvious for colorful or high brightness
The lines of tinting shown, or different materials entity lines, or apply the form combination lines of colo(u)r streak and entity lines.
4. according to claim 3 begin to learn art teaching geometric mould, it is characterised in that：Outside the geometric mould
Surface is provided with boost line, and the boost line is center line, diagonal or ring-like line, and those boost lines are highlighted；It is described prominent
It is lines colorful or being highlighted of tinting to go out the boost line of display, or is attached to the difference on solid surface
The entity lines of material.
5. begin to learn art teaching geometric mould according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The geometric mould
Be independent cylinder, cone, spheroid, surface cylinder body, round platform or include cylinder, cone, spheroid, inclined-plane circle
The combination solid of cylinder, round platform；The cylinder of the geometric mould, cone, spheroid, surface cylinder body, round platform part
It is correspondingly arranged detachable auxiliary frame.
6. according to claim 5 begin to learn art teaching geometric mould, it is characterised in that：The detachable auxiliary frame
Frame is cuboid or square framework, and by four sides, vertical frame is constituted with parallel underframe up and down, wherein vertical frame is provided with
Vertical fram regula and center lines, the underframe parallel up and down sets the fram regula and diagonal bars or center line of level
Bar.
7. according to claim 6 begin to learn art teaching geometric mould, it is characterised in that：The cuboid framework or
Square framework is made up of two parts up and down, and two parts pass through grafting engaging, magnetic attraction or adhesive bond mode up and down
Combination connection.
8. begin to learn art teaching geometric mould according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：The solid mould
Cylinder, cone, surface cylinder body, round platform part correspondence cuboid framework, cuboid framework and cylinder, the circular cone of type
Body, surface cylinder body, round platform are contour, and cylinder, cone, surface cylinder body, round platform bottom circle are with cuboid framework underframe in interior
Cut state.
9. begin to learn art teaching geometric mould according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：The solid mould
The spherical part of type is correspondingly arranged square framework, is in inscribe state between spheroid and square framework.
10. begin to learn art teaching geometric mould according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：Set on the frame
Demountable auxiliary short-term bar is put, auxiliary short-term bar is removably arranged between vertical edge strip.
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| CN201710556226 | 2017-07-10 | ||
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108806389A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 马鞍山师范高等专科学校 | A kind of detachable geometric constitution model painted from life for art activities |
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| CN108806389B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-12-08 | 马鞍山师范高等专科学校 | Detachable geometric composition model for art foundation sketching |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN207529546U (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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