CN107256321B - Tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on steel frame actual measurement stress - Google Patents
Tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on steel frame actual measurement stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN107256321B CN107256321B CN201710678461.8A CN201710678461A CN107256321B CN 107256321 B CN107256321 B CN 107256321B CN 201710678461 A CN201710678461 A CN 201710678461A CN 107256321 B CN107256321 B CN 107256321B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on steel frame actual measurement stress. The method can reflect the real situation of the tunnel surrounding rock pressure and can be further used for correcting the design parameters of the tunnel supporting structure, and the method comprises the following steps of 1) supposing that the normal stress of the section of the steel frame is linearly distributed, and obtaining the axial force of the steel frame at the test section by utilizing the back calculation of the measured stress of the flanges at the inner side and the outer side of the steel frame; 2) supposing that the axial force borne by the primary support of the tunnel is shared by the steel frame and the sprayed concrete, and obtaining the axial force of the primary support at the test section through inverse calculation; 3) assuming that the tunnel primary support bears all surrounding rock pressure, establishing a mechanical calculation model of the tunnel primary support, and obtaining a calculation expression of the primary support axial force by adopting a force method; 4) and (3) enabling the axial force of the primary support at the test section in the step 2) to be equal to the axial force of the primary support at the corresponding section in the step 3), and solving the surrounding rock pressure acting on the primary support of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on steel frame actual measurement stress.
Background
The determination of the tunnel surrounding rock pressure is an important basis for reasonably designing a tunnel supporting structure, and the corresponding surrounding rock pressure calculation method is also a hot problem concerned by the tunnel engineering world all the time, such as the famous scholars of Guanbao tree, Xie Jia \28875, Fenna, Karstner, Billman, Protolquaternary Arkov, Taisha and the like, which have successively researched and proposed various theoretical or empirical calculation methods of the tunnel surrounding rock pressure. However, due to the complex diversity of the tunnel engineering characteristics and the geological conditions, the theoretical formulas or the empirical formulas hardly reflect the actual situation of the tunnel surrounding rock pressure, so that the supporting structure is wasted due to too conservative design parameters, or the design parameters are weak due to insufficient consideration of the surrounding rock pressure. Therefore, the above formulas are only suitable for preliminary design before tunnel construction and have great limitation. At this time, the tunnel field monitoring and measuring work is particularly necessary. If the surrounding rock pressure can be inversely calculated through the field monitoring data, the design parameters of the tunnel supporting structure are corrected, and the method has important significance for ensuring the safety and the economy of the design of the tunnel supporting structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on steel frame measured stress.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a tunnel surrounding rock pressure determining method based on steel frame actual measurement stress is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1): assuming that the normal stress of the section of the steel frame is linearly distributed, and obtaining the axial force of the steel frame at the test section by utilizing the reverse calculation of the measured stress of the flanges at the inner side and the outer side of the steel frame;
step 2): supposing that the axial force borne by the primary support of the tunnel is shared by the steel frame and the sprayed concrete, and obtaining the axial force of the primary support at the test section through inverse calculation;
step 3): assuming that the tunnel primary support bears all surrounding rock pressure, establishing a mechanical calculation model of the tunnel primary support, and obtaining a calculation expression of the primary support axial force by adopting a force method;
step 4): and (3) enabling the axial force of the primary support at the test section in the step 2) to be equal to the axial force of the primary support at the corresponding section in the step 3), and solving the surrounding rock pressure acting on the primary support of the tunnel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
due to the complex diversity of tunnel engineering characteristics and geological conditions, the real situation of tunnel surrounding rock pressure is hardly reflected by traditional tunnel surrounding rock pressure calculation, so that the supporting structure is wasted due to too conservative design parameters, or weak due to insufficient consideration of surrounding rock pressure. The method can reflect the real situation of the tunnel surrounding rock pressure based on the surrounding rock pressure obtained by actually measuring the stress on the steel frame, and can be further used for correcting the design parameters of the tunnel supporting structure, thereby overcoming the limitation of the traditional theoretical formula or empirical formula of the tunnel surrounding rock pressure and ensuring the safety and the economical efficiency of the design of the tunnel supporting structure.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of tunnel surrounding rock pressure calculation based on measured stress of a steel frame;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the normal stress distribution of the cross section of the tunnel steel frame;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical calculation model of a tunnel preliminary bracing;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of force method solution of tunnel preliminary bracing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on steel frame measured stress comprises the following steps:
step 1): assuming that the normal stress of the section of the steel frame is linearly distributed, and obtaining the axial force of the steel frame at the test section by utilizing the reverse calculation of the measured stress of the flanges at the inner side and the outer side of the steel frame;
step 2): supposing that the axial force borne by the primary support of the tunnel is shared by the steel frame and the sprayed concrete, and obtaining the axial force of the primary support at the test section through inverse calculation;
step 3): assuming that the tunnel primary support bears all surrounding rock pressure, establishing a mechanical calculation model of the tunnel primary support, and obtaining a calculation expression of the primary support axial force by adopting a force method;
step 4): and (3) enabling the axial force of the primary support at the test section in the step 2) to be equal to the axial force of the primary support at the corresponding section in the step 3), and solving the surrounding rock pressure acting on the primary support of the tunnel.
Example (b):
as shown in figure 1, the tunnel surrounding rock pressure determination method based on the steel frame actual measurement stress firstly assumes that the normal stress of the steel frame section is in linear distribution, and as shown in figure 2, according to the stress measurement results of the flanges at the inner side and the outer side of the steel frame, a material mechanics calculation formula is adopted, and the steel frame at the test section can be obtained through reverse calculation
The axial force of (A) is:
in the formula: a. thegIs the cross-sectional area of the steel frame; sigmaOuter coverThe actual measurement stress of the flange on the outer side of the steel frame is obtained; sigmaInner partThe actual measurement stress of the flange at the inner side of the steel frame.
The tunnel preliminary bracing (steel frame + shotcrete) is a bending member mainly bearing axial force as an arch structure. Assuming that the pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock is shared by the steel frame and the sprayed concrete and the axial deformation of the steel frame and the sprayed concrete is coordinated, the primary support on the test section can be obtained through further back calculation
The axial force of (A) is:
in the formula: a. thecIs the cross-sectional area of the sprayed concrete; ecIs the modulus of elasticity of the sprayed concrete; egThe modulus of elasticity of the steel frame.
The arch part of the primary support of the tunnel is a single-core semicircular arch and bears all surrounding rock pressures including uniformly distributed vertical pressure and horizontal pressure. In order to be conservative, the elastic resistance of surrounding rock of the arch part is not considered, and a mechanical calculation model of the primary support of the tunnel is established, as shown in figure 3. Because of the symmetrical load, the structure is alsoThe method is symmetrical, so that half of the primary support can be taken as a basic structure, and the redundant unknown force (bending moment X) of the vault section of the primary support is applied by a force method1Axial force X2) The solution is performed as shown in fig. 4.
According to the fact that the relative rotation angle of the primary support arch crown section is equal to zero and the relative horizontal displacement is equal to zero, the following force method equation is as follows:
in the formula
Wherein EI is the equivalent bending rigidity of the primary support section; r is the radius of the primary support arch;
the central angle corresponding to the half-side structure of the primary support of the arch part is shown, and the lambda is the lateral pressure coefficient of the tunnel.
Solving equation (3), the obtained unnecessary unknown force of the primary support vault section of the tunnel is respectively as follows:
after the unnecessary unknown force of the section of the primary tunnel support arch crown is obtained, the calculation expression of the primary tunnel support axial force is obtained as follows:
the preliminary bracing obtained in the formula (2) is supported on the test section
The axial force of the position is equal to the axial force of the corresponding section of the primary support in the formula (10), and the surrounding rock pressure acting on the primary support of the tunnel can be obtained as follows:
wherein delta'1p＝Δ1p/q，Δ′2p＝Δ2pAnd/q, both are constants.
Taking a Tianchangshan tunnel as an example, the tunnel surrounding rock pressure is inversely calculated by taking the measured stress of a steel frame of the section XK89+076, and the calculation result is listed in Table 1. As can be seen from table 1, by using the tunnel surrounding rock pressure calculation method based on the measured stress of the steel frame, the calculated surrounding rock pressure value is closer to the measured surrounding rock pressure value, which indicates that the method of the present invention is feasible.
TABLE 1 comparison of calculated and measured values of tunnel wall rock pressure (Tianchangshan tunnel XK89+076 section)
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A tunnel surrounding rock pressure determining method based on steel frame actual measurement stress is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1): assuming that the normal stress of the section of the steel frame is linearly distributed, and obtaining the axial force of the steel frame at the test section by utilizing the reverse calculation of the measured stress of the flanges at the inner side and the outer side of the steel frame;
step 2): supposing that the axial force borne by the primary support of the tunnel is shared by the steel frame and the sprayed concrete, the primary support is obtained by inverse calculation on the test section
Axial force of (d):
in the formula
A is describedcIs the unit cross-sectional area of sprayed concrete, m2；AgIs the cross-sectional area of steel frame, m2；EcIs the elastic modulus of sprayed concrete, Pa; egThe elastic modulus of the steel frame is Pa; sigmaOuter coverThe actual measurement stress of the flange on the outer side of the steel frame is Pa; sigmaInner partThe measured stress of the flange at the inner side of the steel frame is Pa;
step 3): assuming that the tunnel primary support bears all surrounding rock pressures, establishing a mechanical calculation model of the tunnel primary support, and obtaining a calculation expression of the primary support axial force by adopting a force method:
in the formula
EI is equivalent bending rigidity of primary support section, N.m2(ii) a R is the radius of the arch part of the primary support, m;
the central angle and radian corresponding to the half-side structure of the preliminary bracing of the arch part; lambda is the lateral pressure coefficient of the tunnel; q is surrounding rock pressure acting on the primary support of the tunnel, Pa;
step 4): and (3) enabling the axial force of the primary support at the test section in the step 2) to be equal to the axial force of the primary support at the corresponding section in the step 3), and solving the surrounding rock pressure acting on the primary support of the tunnel:
of formula (II)'1p＝Δ1p/q，Δ′2p＝Δ2pAnd/q, both are constants.
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| CN113360996B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-12-02 | 华侨大学 | Method and device for replacing primary support under static tunnel crushing |
| CN114329909A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-12 | 成都理工大学 | Mechanical behavior analysis method for tunnel corrugated steel primary support structure |
| CN116499623A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-28 | 内蒙古自治区交通建设工程质量监测鉴定站(内蒙古自治区交通运输科学发展研究院) | Cold region tunnel freezing force determination method and related equipment |
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