A kind of rubidium caesium in t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern
Technical field
The present invention relates to rubidium caesium extractive technique field, more particularly to a kind of t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction
Rubidium caesium in salt lake bittern.
Background technique
Rubidium, the caesium content in the earth's crust are rich, occupy the 16th and the 40th respectively by elemental abundance arrangement, two kinds of elements are certainly
It is often accompanied in right boundary, is stored in the solid minerals such as lepidolite and pollucite and salt lake halogen with elements symbiosis, main richnesses such as lithium, potassium
In water.Rubidium, caesium are not only widely used in the biography such as Industrial Catalysis, medicine and special glass as important rare alkali metal resource
System industry, and powerful vitality is also showed that in high-technology fields such as information technology, new energy and aerospaces.Industrially
Production rubidium, caesium base stock be mainly pollucite, lepidolite, but its extraction process is complicated, at high cost and energy consumption greatly;Salt lake halogen
Rubidium, caesium exist in the form of an ion in water, relatively easy to its extraction process, at low cost, and it is current rubidium, caesium industry skill that energy consumption is few
Art development trend.
Separation and Extraction rubidium, caesium method mainly have fractional precipitation, fractional crystallization, ion exchange, chromatographic isolation and solvent extraction
It takes, is handled with the precipitation method and isolated effect is poor, and precipitation process is more complex, both at home and abroad in the separation and Extraction of rubidium, caesium
On more research has been carried out to solvent extraction.
Application No. is the patent documents of CN 201510703793.8 to disclose a kind of side that rubidium caesium is extracted from acid brine
Method, although the separation and Extraction of the rubidium cesium ion in removal radioactivity water body may be implemented in this method, but the above method needs elder generation
Calcium ion and magnesium ion are adsorbed by ammonium type chelating resin adsorption column, then by the efflux in resin through t-BAMBP, kerosene or
Sulfonated kerosene extracts rubidium caesium, finally also needs to be stripped with hydrochloric acid, can just obtain chloride containing rubidium and cesium chloride, it is seen that purifying technique compared with
Complexity is not suitable for industrialized production.
In view of this, application No. is the patent document of CN201611231035.1, to provide a kind of purifying technique simple, applicable
The method of industrialized production and yield and the higher extration resin purification rubidium caesium liquid of purity, although existing rubidium caesium liquid is overcome to purify
Purifying technique present in method is more complex, is not suitable for the defect of industrialized production, but the extration resin method of purification belongs to list
Grade extraction process, extraction efficiency are low.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of extracting process for the separation and Extraction rubidium caesium that method and process is simple, extraction efficiency is high is this
The problem of field technical staff's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides the rubidium caesium in a kind of t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, this method
Simple process, reagent consumption are few and isolate and purify that effect is good, and yield and the purity for obtaining rubidium caesium liquid are higher, non-environmental-pollution and
High financial profit.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Rubidium caesium in a kind of t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, using t-BAMBP as extractant, using case
Rubidium caesium in formula-reflux type extraction and separation salt lake bittern;Include the following steps:
A. it detects ion concentration: detecting each element ion concentration in the salt lake bittern using atomic absorption spectrography (AAS),
Wherein Rb+Concentration be 0.5 ~ 8g/L, Cs+Concentration be 0.3 ~ 7g/L, K+Concentration be 0.02 ~ 0.15g/mL, Mg2+Concentration
For 5 ~ 15g/mL, SO4 2-Concentration be 1 ~ 5g/mL, Cl-Concentration be 200 ~ 350g/L;
B. it is acidified section: t-BAMBP and mixed acid solution being placed in box extraction tank and carry out adverse current acidification, when acidification, with
T-BAMBP is as extraction phase, using mixed acid solution as being acidified sour phase, and extraction phase and acidification acid phase be comparably 3 ~ 6:2 ~
3, the extraction phase after being acidified is spare;
C. extraction section: the extraction phase after acidification obtained by step B is placed in the salt lake bittern containing rubidium and caesium jointly box
In extraction tank, it is (0.1 ~ 2) that volume ratio is added thereto: 1 diluent, the extractant t- that concentration is 1.0 ~ 1.3mol/L
BAMBP, and 1.0 ~ 1.4mol/L NaOH is added and carries out counter-current extraction, and is kept for 25 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C of extraction temperature;
D. washing section: right using the mixed acid solution of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid that total free acidity is 3 ~ 7mol/L as cleaning solution
The extraction phase rubidium caesium solution obtained through step C carries out anti-phase washing, until the rubidium caesium solution concentration of outflow is less than 0.01g/L
Only;
E. stripping section: being 1mol dilute hydrochloric acid below, dilute sulfuric acid, dust technology as strip liquor using fresh water or concentration, to warp
Extraction phase after step D washing carries out anti-phase back extraction;
F. clean section: using the aqueous solution for containing 0 ~ 2mol/L nitric acid as removal of impurities liquid, to the extraction phase after step E back extraction
Carry out anti-phase washing, removal of impurities, obtained in efflux be used as trash discharge, outflow extraction phase recycling.
Preferably, the t-BAMBP(purity > 95%): Beijing Rui Lekang separates Co., Ltd;NaOH(analysis is pure): at
Dou Kelong chemical reagent work;HCl(analysis is pure): Chengdu Ke Long chemical reagent work.
Preferably, the mixed solution that acid solution is hydrochloric acid and nitric acid is acidified in the step B, and mixed acid solution is total
Free acidity is 4 ~ 8mol/L.
Preferably, when step C is extracted, using salt lake bittern as water phase, and extraction phase and water phase be comparably 2.0 ~
4.0:1~1.5。
Preferably, in step C, it is the basicity in order to adjust salt lake bittern that NaOH, which is added, increases the extraction yield of rubidium, caesium.
Preferably, in step C, the diluent is any one in dimethylbenzene, sulfonated kerosene or industrial naptha.
Preferably, in step D washing section, extraction phase is comparably 3 ~ 6:1 ~ 1.5 with washing phase.
Preferably, in step E stripping section, extraction phase is comparably 3 ~ 6:0.5 ~ 0.8 with back extraction phase.
Preferably, in step F removal of impurities section, extraction phase is comparably 3 ~ 6:1 ~ 1.5 with except miscellaneous phase.
Preferably, each section of extraction series is respectively as follows: 3 ~ 5 grades of section of acidification, 3 ~ 7 grades of extraction section, 2 ~ 8 grades of washing section, is stripped
3 ~ 5 grades of section cleans 2 ~ 5 grades of section.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides a kind of t-BAMBP extractions
It is extractant that rubidium caesium in method separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, the first present invention, which select t-BAMBP, and t-BAMBP is a kind of common rubidium
Caesium extractant, and there is preferable effect to purification rubidium caesium, it can be improved rubidium caesium extraction efficiency;
Secondly box extraction tank is applied to salt lake bittern and extracts rubidium caesium, get through whole set process process, and realize industrialization
Large-scale production;
Then box extraction tank is simple with equipment, low cost, stable, easy to operate, the later period maintenance operation are simple
Singly, the features such as maintenance cost is cheap greatly alleviates the capital investment at enterprise construction initial stage, and box extraction line is for producing
The control of quality is more stable effectively;
The last present invention is using not only high income after box extraction tank, but also obtained product is high-purity rubidium chloride and chlorine
Change caesium, the performance of enterprises is good, and whole set process is continuous, production cost is low.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 attached drawing is method flow schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses the rubidium caesium in a kind of t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, use is box
Extraction tank extracts the rubidium and caesium in salt lake bittern, and advanced optimizes process route, and this method equipment investment is small, and having can connect
The advantages that continuous operation, concentration ratio height, high income.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, and table 1 is production salt lake bittern composition used, says
The effect of extracting process of the present invention in bright specific embodiment.
Certain salt lake bittern of table 1 composition
Embodiment one
A kind of rubidium caesium in t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, includes the following steps:
A. 50 liters of acidification mixed acid solutions are prepared: 10 liters of hydrochloric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated hydrochloric acid acidity is 12mol/L) is added, is added
6 liters of nitric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated nitric acid acidity is 16mol/L), is added 34 liters of deionized water, stirs evenly, measurement is acidified the total of acid
Free acidity is 4.32mol/L;
B. the mixed acid solution prepared t-BAMBP and step A presses the ratio compared to 4.8:3, in box extraction tank into
Row adverse current is acidified, and acidification series is n=4, and extraction phase is fed from the first order, and acidification nitration mixture is fed from the third level, is exported in the first order
Efflux dissociates acidacidity always for 3.5mol/L;
C. the extraction phase after acidification obtained by step B and the salt lake bittern containing rubidium and caesium are placed in box extraction tank jointly
In, thereto be added volume ratio be 1.5:1 diluent, concentration be 1.2mol/L extractant t-BAMBP, and be added
1.2mol/L NaOH carries out counter-current extraction, extracts series n=6, and kept for 30 DEG C of extraction temperature;
D. 30 liters of washing solution are prepared: 2 liters of hydrochloric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated hydrochloric acid acidity is 12mol/L) is added, nitric acid 7 is added
(chemistry is pure, and concentrated nitric acid acidity is 16mol/L) is risen, 21 liters of deionized water is added, stirs evenly, measures the total free of washing solution
Acidity is 4.53mol/L;
E. washing section: the mixed acid solution of the hydrochloric acid and nitric acid that are 4.53mol/L with total free acidity that step D is prepared is made
For cleaning solution, wherein extraction phase carries out the extraction phase rubidium caesium solution obtained through step C with the ratio for washing the mutually 4.8:1 compared with
Anti-phase washing, washs series n=4, until the rubidium caesium solution concentration of outflow is less than 0.01g/L;
F. stripping section: being 1mol dilute hydrochloric acid below, dilute sulfuric acid, dust technology as strip liquor using fresh water or concentration, wherein
Extraction phase carries out anti-phase back extraction to the extraction phase after step E washing with the ratio for being stripped the mutually 4.8:0.5 compared with, is stripped series
n=4;
G. clean section: using the aqueous solution for containing 1.2mol/L nitric acid as removal of impurities liquid, wherein extraction phase presses phase with miscellaneous phase is removed
Anti-phase washing, removal of impurities are carried out to the extraction phase after step F back extraction than 4.8:1, clean series n=4, resulting efflux conduct
Trash discharge, outflow extraction phase are recycled.
The t-BAMBP that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides is 81% to the purifying rate of the rubidium in salt lake bittern, and the purifying rate of caesium is
86%。
Embodiment two
A kind of rubidium caesium in t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, includes the following steps:
A. 60 liters of acidification mixed acid solutions are prepared: 15 liters of hydrochloric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated hydrochloric acid acidity is 12mol/L) is added, is added
11.25 liters of nitric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated nitric acid acidity is 16mol/L), is added 33.75 liters of deionized water, stirs evenly, measurement acidification
Total free acidity of acid is 6mol/L;
B. mixed acid solution t-BAMBP and step A prepared is carried out in box extraction tank in the ratio for comparing 3:2
Adverse current is acidified, and acidification series is n=3, and extraction phase is fed from the first order, and acidification nitration mixture is fed from the third level, in first order outlet stream
Liquid dissociates acidacidity always for 4mol/L out;
C. the extraction phase after acidification obtained by step B and the salt lake bittern containing rubidium and caesium are placed in box extraction tank jointly
In, thereto be added volume ratio be 1.5:1 diluent, concentration be 1.2mol/L extractant t-BAMBP, and be added
1.2mol/L NaOH carries out counter-current extraction, extracts series n=6, and kept for 35 DEG C of extraction temperature;
D. 30 liters of washing solution are prepared: 1.65 liters of hydrochloric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated hydrochloric acid acidity is 12mol/L) is added, nitre is added
7.35 liters of acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated nitric acid acidity is 16mol/L), is added 21 liters of deionized water, stirs evenly, measurement washing solution
Total free acidity is 4.58mol/L;
E. washing section: the mixed acid solution of the hydrochloric acid and nitric acid that are 4.58mol/L with total free acidity that step D is prepared is made
For cleaning solution, wherein extraction phase carries out the extraction phase rubidium caesium solution obtained through step C with the ratio for washing the mutually 5:1.2 compared with
Anti-phase washing, washs series n=3, until the rubidium caesium solution concentration of outflow is less than 0.01g/L;
F. stripping section: being 1mol dilute hydrochloric acid below, dilute sulfuric acid, dust technology as strip liquor using fresh water or concentration, wherein
Extraction phase with back extraction mutually the 5:0.6 in compared with ratio to through step E washing after extraction phase progress anti-phase back extraction, be stripped series n=
3;
G. clean section: using the aqueous solution for containing 1.2mol/L nitric acid as removal of impurities liquid, wherein extraction phase presses phase with miscellaneous phase is removed
Anti-phase washing, removal of impurities are carried out to the extraction phase after step F back extraction than 5:1.2, clean series n=3, resulting efflux conduct
Trash discharge, outflow extraction phase are recycled.
The t-BAMBP that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides is 84.6% to the purifying rate of caesium in salt lake bittern, and the purifying rate of rubidium is
81.4%。
Embodiment three
A kind of rubidium caesium in t-BAMBP extraction separation and Extraction salt lake bittern, includes the following steps:
A. 60 liters of acidification mixed acid solutions are prepared: 15 liters of hydrochloric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated hydrochloric acid acidity is 12mol/L) is added, is added
5 liters of nitric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated nitric acid acidity is 16mol/L), is added 40 liters of deionized water, stirs evenly, measurement is acidified the total of acid
Free acidity is 4.3mol/L;
B. the mixed acid solution prepared t-BAMBP and step A presses the ratio compared to 5.5:3, in box extraction tank into
Row adverse current is acidified, and acidification series is n=5, and extraction phase is fed from the first order, and acidification nitration mixture is fed from the third level, is exported in the first order
Efflux dissociates acidacidity always for 5.1mol/L;
C. the extraction phase after acidification obtained by step B and the salt lake bittern containing rubidium and caesium are placed in box extraction tank jointly
In, thereto be added volume ratio be 1.5:1 diluent, concentration be 1.1mol/L extractant t-BAMBP, and be added
1.2mol/L NaOH carries out counter-current extraction, extracts series n=6, and kept for 35 DEG C of extraction temperature;
D. 30 liters of washing solution are prepared: 2 liters of hydrochloric acid (chemistry is pure, and concentrated hydrochloric acid acidity is 12mol/L) is added, nitric acid 6 is added
(chemistry is pure, and concentrated nitric acid acidity is 16mol/L) is risen, 22 liters of deionized water is added, stirs evenly, measures the total free of washing solution
Acidity is 4mol/L;
E. washing section: the total free acidity prepared using step D for 4mol/L hydrochloric acid and nitric acid mixed acid solution as
Cleaning solution, wherein extraction phase carries out the extraction phase rubidium caesium solution obtained through step C with the ratio for washing the mutually 5.5:1.4 compared with
Anti-phase washing, washs series n=5, until the rubidium caesium solution concentration of outflow is less than 0.01g/L;
F. stripping section: being 1mol dilute hydrochloric acid below, dilute sulfuric acid, dust technology as strip liquor using fresh water or concentration, wherein
Extraction phase carries out anti-phase back extraction to the extraction phase after step E washing with the ratio for being stripped the mutually 5.5:0.8 compared with, is stripped series
n=5;
G. clean section: using the aqueous solution for containing 1.2mol/L nitric acid as removal of impurities liquid, wherein extraction phase presses phase with miscellaneous phase is removed
Anti-phase washing, removal of impurities are carried out to the extraction phase after step F back extraction than 5.5:1.3, clean series n=5, and resulting efflux is made
For trash discharge, flows out extraction phase and be recycled.
The t-BAMBP that the embodiment of the present invention 3 provides is 81.2% to the purifying rate of caesium in salt lake bittern, and the purifying rate of rubidium is
80.8%。
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.