CN107247030A - A kind of utilization pH shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time - Google Patents
A kind of utilization pH shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Show that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time, is concretely comprised the following steps the invention discloses a kind of utilization pH：The collection of purple chrysanthemum sample；The preparation of anthocyanin leaching liquor；The extraction of anthocyanin in purple chrysanthemum sample；PH shows the determination of poor law part parameter detecting wavelength, pH and equilibration time；The measure of purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content；Determine purple chrysanthemum optimal harvest time.The present invention can effectively reduce influence of the chaff interference to purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content detection, less input for cost of equipment, facilitate simple and quick, provided conveniently to determine purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content, it is capable of the Best harvest time of effective purple chrysanthemum, extracting purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin for industrialization provides technical support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chrysanthemum cultivation and industrial abstract anthocyanin technical field, and in particular to one kind shows poor method using pH
Purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content is determined so that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time.
Background technology
Chrysanthemum, herbaceos perennial, its capitulum is beautiful in colour, rich in flavone compound, triterpene compound
With the plurality of active ingredients such as volatile oil, with it is important view and admire, eat, tea is used and medical value.Anthocyanin, belongs to flavonoids
Compound, is the main present-color material of plant, can remove free radical, with antioxidation, in food, health care, medicine and change
The application in cosmetic field is paid close attention to by people increasingly.In the Dendranthema morifolium Varieties of all colour systems, cyanine in violet Chrysanthemum Petal
Plain glycosides content highest, industrialization extracts anthocyanin for extension chrysanthemum industrial chain from purple Chrysanthemum Petal, improves chrysanthemum production
The total benefit of industry has great importance.
About the research of anthocyanin in purple Chrysanthemum Petal, in terms of the extraction that anthocyanin is concentrated mainly at present, have
Close the detection method of content of its anthocyanin research report at present it is less.The detection of existing purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin, is commonly used
Two methods of AAS and high performance liquid chromatography under single pH are carried out, due to gained in chrysanthemum anthocyanidin extraction process
The leaching liquor complicated component arrived, chaff interference is had unavoidably influences inspection of the AAS to anthocyanin content under single pH
Survey；The content of anthocyanin is detected with high performance liquid chromatography, then the limitation in the presence of required instrument and equipment costly.PH shows
Poor method can effectively reduce influence of the chaff interference to anthocyanin content detection, and cost of equipment input is smaller.At present, using pH
Show that poor method detection anthocyanin gradually increases containing quantifier elimination, but purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin context of detection report at present compared with
It is few, it is still unclear at present about the relevant parameter in detection method.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that there is provided one kind shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content using pH
So that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time, this method shows that poor method determines to detect the correlation of purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content using pH
Parameter, is screened to Detection wavelength, pH and equilibration time, by determining anthocyanin content and calculating simple inflorescence anthocyanin
The Best harvest time of purple chrysanthemum is determined in the change of content, and technical support is provided for industrial abstract anthocyanin.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that one kind shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum using pH to solve above-mentioned technical problem
Anthocyanin content is so that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time, it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps：
（1）The collection of purple chrysanthemum sample；
（2）The preparation of anthocyanin leaching liquor；
（3）The extraction of anthocyanin in purple chrysanthemum sample；
（4）PH shows the determination of poor law part parameter detecting wavelength, pH and equilibration time；
（5）The measure of purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content；
（6）Determine purple chrysanthemum optimal harvest time.
Further preferably, step（1）Detailed process be：4 Proper Sampling Period difference are chosen from purple chrysanthemum blossoming process
Take chrysanthemum capitulum, will after chrysanthemum capitulum forced air drying 72h the accurate 0.2g Chrysanthemum Petals sample that weighs as treating test sample
Product.
Further preferably, step（2）Detailed process be：The ethanol solution for being 80% by volume fraction with molar concentration is
0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is with 1:2 volume ratio is well mixed to be configured to anthocyanin leaching liquor.
Further preferably, step（3）Detailed process be：The 0.2g testing samples accurately weighed are cut to 1cm and are placed in
In 10mL centrifuge tube, then 10mL anthocyanin leaching liquors are added, extract petal is filtered off after 24h at room temperature, anthocyanin filter
Liquid is used in the measure of anthocyanin content, leaching process with double-deck black plastic bag shading to prevent the degraded of anthocyanin,
And it is sufficiently stirred for 1 time every 2-3h.
Further preferably, step（4）Detailed process be：
The determination of Detection wavelength, using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to cyanidin -3-O- glucosides standard items and flower
Blue or green element glycosides filtrate carries out all band scanning in the range of 200-800nm, in visible region, cyanidin -3-O- glucose
The maximum absorption band of glycosides near 511nm, in anthocyanin filtrate the maximum absorption band of anthocyanin near 515nm, the two
Absworption peak is close, accordingly, it is determined that 515nm is the maximum absorption wavelength of anthocyanin in anthocyanin filtrate, with reference to cornflowerblue
Relevant parameter in element -3-O- glucosides calculates the content of anthocyanin in anthocyanin filtrate；
PH determination, first dilutes 4 times by anthocyanin filtrate, then accurately measures the anthocyanin filtrate 1mL after dilution respectively in 9
In individual test tube, the buffer solution 9mL that pH is 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0,4.0,4.5,5.0,6.0 is then respectively adding, to soak
Extract returns to zero, the absorbance under measure maximum absorption wavelength, and anthocyanin is at pH1.0 and pH4.5 in anthocyanin filtrate
The difference of absorbance is maximum, and absorbance change is smaller near this pH at two, thus selection in pH1.0 and
The anthocyanin content in anthocyanin filtrate is determined under the conditions of pH4.5；
The determination of equilibration time, first dilutes 4 times by anthocyanin filtrate with leaching liquor, then takes the anthocyanidin after 0.5mL dilutions
Glycosides filtrate adds 4.5mL pH1.0 cushioning liquid, record sample solution and cushioning liquid mixed time, is adjusted with leaching liquor
Zero, equilibration time is set at room temperature in 0-150 min, the absorbance surveyed every 15min under a maximum absorption wavelength, with same
Method survey pH4.5 cushioning liquid under sample equilibration time, in pH1.0 cushioning liquid, the absorbance of anthocyanin
Value gradually increases with the extension of time, is tended towards stability after 60min, in pH4.5 cushioning liquid, the extinction of anthocyanin
Angle value is gradually decreased with the extension of time, is tended towards stability after 105min, is considered according to both data, balance
Selection of time is 105min.
Further preferably, step（5）Detailed process be：Anthocyanin filtrate is diluted into 4 times, Ran Houqu with leaching liquor
The cushioning liquid that anthocyanin filtrate after 1mL dilutions adds pH1.0 is settled to 10mL, and 105min is balanced at room temperature, to extract
Liquid returns to zero, and determines absorbance at maximum absorption wavelength and 700nm respectively, and then determining anthocyanin with same method filters
Absorbance of the liquid in pH4.5 cushioning liquid at maximum absorption wavelength and 700 nm, then substitutes into formula（1）Calculate purple
Chrysanthemum anthocyanin content,
X=∆T*V*F*M*1000/ε*m （1）
Wherein X is purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content, mg/g；V is dilution volume, L；F is extension rate；M=449.2；ε=
26900；T is absorbance, T=(Aλmax-A700nm)ph1.0-(Aλmax-A700nm)ph4.5；M is sample quality, g.
Further preferably, step（6）Detailed process be：Comprehensive measured purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content and calculating
Obtained simple inflorescence anthocyanin content, filter out purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content it is higher and it is different sampling batch between the uniformity
Height, while simple inflorescence anthocyanin content also higher nutrition, so that it is determined that the Best harvest time of purple chrysanthemum.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
1st, influence of the chaff interference to purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content detection can effectively be reduced；
2nd, less input for cost of equipment, facilitates simple and quick, is provided conveniently to determine purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content,
It is capable of the Best harvest time of effective purple chrysanthemum, extracting purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin for industrialization provides technical support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the capitulum aspect graph of 4 Proper Sampling Periods of purple chrysanthemum；
Fig. 2 is cyanidin -3-O- glucoside spectrograms；
Fig. 3 is purple chrysanthemum ' red five or nine ' anthocyanin spectrogram；
Fig. 4 is purple chrysanthemum ' absorbance of red five or nine ' under different pH；
Fig. 5 is purple chrysanthemum ' red five or nine ' absorbance versus time curve（PH1.0 and pH4.5）.
Embodiment
The above to the present invention is described in further details by the following examples, but this should not be interpreted as to this
The scope for inventing above-mentioned theme is only limitted to following embodiment, and all technologies realized based on the above of the present invention belong to this hair
Bright scope.
Embodiment
Sample collection
With purple Dendranthema morifolium Varieties, ' red five or nine ' are planted in biological field for material to be tested by line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 40cm for this experiment
Chrysanthemum garden, grows naturally.When in chrysanthemum root, sprout tillers tender stem length is to 15-20cm（April 20）The healthy and strong terminal buds of 10cm are gathered, top is stayed
Portion's two panels parts out blade a little, and rest blade is removed, then the cuttage and seedling culture in sand bed, to seedling tool 10-12 bars 8cm on June 1
Start transplant planting during the root of above length.Therefrom select 12 plants of robust growths and the similar chrysanthemum of plant type is as experimental subjects.
4 Proper Sampling Periods are chosen with chrysanthemum blossoming process（See Fig. 1）, chrysanthemum capitulum is taken in each period, is referred to for form and physiology
Target is detected.Each period morphological feature is as follows：
The II phases：Inflorescence outermost layer petal is expanded to upright state（Come into bloom）；
The III phases：Inflorescence outermost layer petal is expanded to 45 ° of subtended angles（Full blossom early stage）；
The IV phases：Inflorescence outermost layer petal full extension, intermediate tubular flower concentrated part is all yellow（Full blossom mid-term）；
The V phases：Inflorescence outermost layer petal full extension, the intermediate tubular flower circle yellow of area periphery one, two disappears and gynoecium Y-shaped post
Head process goes out（The full blossom later stage）.
Chrysanthemum foreign steamer first round petal length and dry weight are determined using direct measurement and direct weight method.Concrete operations are walked
Suddenly it is：After sampling, the fresh petal returned will be adopted from chrysanthemum garden surface dirt is first wiped with wet gauze, then table is blotted with blotting paper
Face moisture, records flower number, and selection represents the length that type flower measures and records first round petal.By all petals from inflorescence
Remove, weigh inflorescence petal dry weight after forced air drying 72h at 40 DEG C, simple inflorescence petal dry weight is total by working as time collection plurality of flowers sequence
Dry weight divided by No. of inflorescences are tried to achieve.Finally material is collected and is placed in black plastic cloth, is deposited at shady and cool ventilation, for follow-up cyanine
The detection of plain glycosides content.
' the preparation of red five or nine ' petal anthocyanin leaching liquor
The accurate 400mL absolute ethyl alcohols that measure are configured to the second that volume fraction is 80% with distilled water constant volume in 500mL volumetric flask
Alcoholic solution；The accurate concentrated hydrochloric acid for measuring 8.33mL is configured to molar concentration in 1000mL volumetric flasks with distilled water constant volume and is
0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution；The hydrochloric acid solution that the ethanol solution for being again 80% by volume fraction is 0.1mol/L with molar concentration
With 1:2 volume ratio is well mixed to be configured to anthocyanin leaching liquor.
' the extraction of red five or nine ' petal anthocyanin
Chrysanthemum Petal sample after the accurate processing for weighing the harvesting of 0.2g different times, load weighted Chrysanthemum Petal is cut to 1cm
Left and right is placed in 10mL centrifuge tube, adds 10mL anthocyanin leaching liquors, and petal, cyanine are filtered off after extracting 24h at room temperature
Plain glycosides filtrate is used in the measure of anthocyanin content, leaching process, with double-deck black plastic bag shading, prevent anthocyanin from dropping
Solution, and fully shaken up 1 time every 2-3 h.
PH shows the determination of poor method correlated condition
Determine the selection of wavelength：First use the standard items of cyanidin -3-O- glucosides, with pH1.0 buffer into
Solution, is diluted after suitable multiple, and all band spectral scan is carried out in the range of wavelength 200-800nm, is determined that its maximum is determined and is inhaled
Receive wavelength.Blank control leaching liquor.With reference to method of the same race to ' filtrate of red five or nine ' carries out 200-800nm all band spectrum and swept
Retouch, determine its maximum absorption wavelength.
PH's is selected：Because anthocyanin is only less than 7 stable under acidic conditions in pH, therefore first by ' red five or nine ' petal
Filtrate dilutes 4 times, then accurately measures the filtrate 1mL after dilution respectively in 9 test tubes, then be separately added into pH for 0.5,1.0,
1.5th, 2.0,3.0,4.0,4.5,5.0,6.0 buffer solution 9mL, is returned to zero with leaching liquor, determines the extinction under maximum absorption wavelength
Degree, selects suitable pH anthocyanidin contents to determine and shows that poor method is carried out with reference to pH according to the change of absorbance.
The determination of equilibration time：After the solution condition for changing anthocyanin, the structure type of anthocyanin is needed by one
Fix time and can be only achieved dynamic equilibrium.Anthocyanin filtrate is first diluted 4 times with leaching liquor, 0.5mL sample diluting liquids are then taken
4.5mL pH1.0 cushioning liquid, record sample solution and cushioning liquid mixed time are added, is returned to zero with leaching liquor,
Equilibration time is set at room temperature within 0-150min, the absorbance surveyed every 15min under a maximum absorption wavelength.With same
Method survey pH4.5 cushioning liquid under sample equilibration time.
The measure of anthocyanin content：Anthocyanin filtrate is diluted 4 times with leaching liquor, 1mL sample diluting liquids are then taken
The cushioning liquid for adding pH1.0 is settled to 10mL, after balancing at room temperature, is returned to zero with leaching liquor, respectively in maximum absorption wavelength
With measure absorbance at 700nm.Then filtrate maximum absorption wavelength in pH4.5 cushioning liquid is determined with same method
With the absorbance at 700nm, by formula（1）Calculate anthocyanin content.
X=∆T*V*F*M*1000/ε*m （1）
Wherein X is purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content, mg/g；V is dilution volume, L；F is extension rate；M=449.2；ε=
26900；T is absorbance, T=(Aλmax-A700nm)ph1.0-(Aλmax-A700nm)ph4.5；M is sample quality, g.
Show that ' red five or nine ' anthocyanin correlated condition and anthocyanin contain poor method measure purple Dendranthema morifolium Varieties using above-mentioned pH
Measure result as follows：
The Selection utilization ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer of wavelength is determined to cyanidin -3-O- glucosides standard items and ' red
Five or nine ' filtrate carries out all band scanning in the range of 200-800nm.In visible region, cyanidin -3-O- glucosides
（See Fig. 2）Maximum absorption band near 511nm, ' anthocyanin in red five or nine ' filtrate（See Fig. 3）Maximum absorption band exist
Near 515nm, the two absworption peak is close, accordingly, it is determined that 515nm is ' maximum absorption wavelength of anthocyanin, joins in red five or nine '
' the content of anthocyanin in red five or nine ' of the relevant parameter in cyanidin -3-O- glucosides being examined calculating.
PH it is selected as shown in Figure 4, ' the difference of absorbance of the anthocyanin at pH1.0 and pH4.5 in red five or nine '
Maximum, and absorbance change is smaller near this pH at two, so selection determines ' red under the conditions of pH1.0 and pH4.5
Five or nine ' content of anthocyanin.
Determination Fig. 5 of equilibration time is reflected under the processing of pH1.0 and pH4.5 cushioning liquid, anthocyanin extract solution
Situation of change of the absorbance under different time.As a result show, in pH1.0 cushioning liquid, the absorbance of anthocyanin
Value gradually increases with the extension of time, is tended towards stability after 60min.In pH4.5 cushioning liquid, the extinction of anthocyanin
Angle value is gradually decreased with the extension of time, is tended towards stability after 105min.Therefore, according to both data integrate examining
Consider, equilibration time selection is 105min.
As shown in table 1, by ' red five or nine ' capitulum petal anthocyanin content and simple inflorescence under above-mentioned 4 harvesting states
The result of variations of anthocyanin content, which is compared, to be understood, is harvested under different flowering state, with the postponement of picking time, harvesting
Moved after the specific time, foreign steamer first round petal length gradually increases and the difference between different batches is gradually reduced；Simple inflorescence is spent
Valve average dry weight gradually increases with the postponement of picking time, gradually subtracts with the postponement at sampling exact date under each harvesting state
It is few；Anthocyanin content is when harvesting II phases, III phases and V phases, and different batches sample has significant difference, is harvested in the IV phases
When different batches sample is without significant difference and numerical value is higher；Simple inflorescence anthocyanin content gradually increases with the postponement of picking time,
And gradually decreased with the postponement of specific harvest date.In summary, when harvesting the IV phases, anthocyanin content can be obtained higher
And the high sample of the uniformity between different sampling batches, while simple inflorescence anthocyanin content is also higher.Accordingly, it is determined that IV phase chrysanthemums
Kind ' red five or nine ' industrial abstract anthocyanin optimal harvest time.
' red five or nine ' sample time, form and physiological indexes compare the Different Harvesting Time of table 1
Embodiment above describes general principle, principal character and the advantage of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in above-described embodiment and specification,
Under the scope for not departing from the principle of the invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, and these changes and improvements each fall within this hair
In the range of bright protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of utilization pH shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that the method for optimal harvest time, its feature
It is to concretely comprise the following steps：
（1）The collection of purple chrysanthemum sample；
（2）The preparation of anthocyanin leaching liquor；
（3）The extraction of anthocyanin in purple chrysanthemum sample；
（4）PH shows the determination of poor law part parameter detecting wavelength, pH and equilibration time；
（5）The measure of purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content；
（6）Determine purple chrysanthemum optimal harvest time.
2. utilization pH according to claim 1 shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that optimal harvesting
The method of phase, it is characterised in that step（1）Detailed process be：4 Proper Sampling Period difference are chosen from purple chrysanthemum blossoming process
Take chrysanthemum capitulum, will after chrysanthemum capitulum forced air drying 72h the accurate 0.2g Chrysanthemum Petals sample that weighs as treating test sample
Product.
3. utilization pH according to claim 1 shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that optimal harvesting
The method of phase, it is characterised in that step（2）Detailed process be：The ethanol solution for being 80% by volume fraction with molar concentration is
0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is with 1:2 volume ratio is well mixed to be configured to anthocyanin leaching liquor.
4. utilization pH according to claim 1 shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that optimal harvesting
The method of phase, it is characterised in that step（3）Detailed process be：The 0.2g testing samples accurately weighed are cut to 1cm and are placed in
In 10mL centrifuge tube, then 10mL anthocyanin leaching liquors are added, extract petal is filtered off after 24h at room temperature, anthocyanin filter
Liquid is used in the measure of anthocyanin content, leaching process with double-deck black plastic bag shading to prevent the degraded of anthocyanin,
And it is sufficiently stirred for 1 time every 2-3h.
5. utilization pH according to claim 1 shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that optimal harvesting
The method of phase, it is characterised in that step（4）Detailed process be：
The determination of Detection wavelength, using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to cyanidin -3-O- glucosides standard items and flower
Blue or green element glycosides filtrate carries out all band scanning in the range of 200-800nm, in visible region, cyanidin -3-O- glucose
The maximum absorption band of glycosides near 511nm, in anthocyanin filtrate the maximum absorption band of anthocyanin near 515nm, the two
Absworption peak is close, accordingly, it is determined that 515nm is the maximum absorption wavelength of anthocyanin in anthocyanin filtrate, with reference to cornflowerblue
Relevant parameter in element -3-O- glucosides calculates the content of anthocyanin in anthocyanin filtrate；
PH determination, first dilutes 4 times by anthocyanin filtrate, then accurately measures the anthocyanin filtrate 1mL after dilution respectively in 9
In individual test tube, the buffer solution 9mL that pH is 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0,4.0,4.5,5.0,6.0 is then respectively adding, to soak
Extract returns to zero, the absorbance under measure maximum absorption wavelength, and anthocyanin is at pH1.0 and pH4.5 in anthocyanin filtrate
The difference of absorbance is maximum, and absorbance change is smaller near this pH at two, thus selection in pH1.0 and
The anthocyanin content in anthocyanin filtrate is determined under the conditions of pH4.5；
The determination of equilibration time, first dilutes 4 times by anthocyanin filtrate with leaching liquor, then takes the anthocyanidin after 0.5mL dilutions
Glycosides filtrate adds 4.5mL pH1.0 cushioning liquid, record sample solution and cushioning liquid mixed time, is adjusted with leaching liquor
Zero, equilibration time is set at room temperature in 0-150 min, the absorbance surveyed every 15min under a maximum absorption wavelength, with same
Method survey pH4.5 cushioning liquid under sample equilibration time, in pH1.0 cushioning liquid, the absorbance of anthocyanin
Value gradually increases with the extension of time, is tended towards stability after 60min, in pH4.5 cushioning liquid, the extinction of anthocyanin
Angle value is gradually decreased with the extension of time, is tended towards stability after 105min, is considered according to both data, balance
Selection of time is 105min.
6. utilization pH according to claim 1 shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that optimal harvesting
The method of phase, it is characterised in that step（5）Detailed process be：Anthocyanin filtrate is diluted into 4 times, Ran Houqu with leaching liquor
The cushioning liquid that anthocyanin filtrate after 1mL dilutions adds pH1.0 is settled to 10mL, and 105min is balanced at room temperature, to extract
Liquid returns to zero, and determines absorbance at maximum absorption wavelength and 700nm respectively, and then determining anthocyanin with same method filters
Absorbance of the liquid in pH4.5 cushioning liquid at maximum absorption wavelength and 700 nm, then substitutes into formula（1）Calculate purple
Chrysanthemum anthocyanin content,
X=∆T*V*F*M*1000/ε*m （1）
Wherein X is purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content, mg/g；V is dilution volume, L；F is extension rate；M=449.2；ε=
26900；T is absorbance, T=(Aλmax-A700nm)ph1.0-(Aλmax-A700nm)ph4.5；M is sample quality, g.
7. utilization pH according to claim 1 shows that poor method determines purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content so that it is determined that optimal harvesting
The method of phase, it is characterised in that step（6）Detailed process be：Comprehensive measured purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content and calculating
Obtained simple inflorescence anthocyanin content, filter out purple chrysanthemum anthocyanin content it is higher and it is different sampling batch between the uniformity
Height, while simple inflorescence anthocyanin content also higher nutrition, so that it is determined that the Best harvest time of purple chrysanthemum.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109596558A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of correction of spectrogram basis dimension and differential analysis method based on Moving Least |
| CN111296074A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-19 | 江苏开放大学（江苏城市职业学院） | Method for determining optimal harvesting period of strong-flavor nymphaea hybrid |
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