CN107246892B - A kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw - Google Patents
A kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quality synthesis measuring methods for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw, belong to fresh food fruit quality detection technique field.The present invention passes through the quality determination method to fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit, it completes different cultivars fructus lycii sample throughput index, flavor index and active matter index and amounts to 20 index determinings, correlation analysis is carried out to 20 indexs using DPS data processing system, related coefficient, the index of quality factor, quality comprehensive evaluation index weight between each index of establishment, so that it is determined that the quality overall evaluation system of fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit.The present invention establishes a kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw, flavor index and active matter index are increased compared with Conventional wisdom evaluation, more fully fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality evaluation standard and corresponding kind are made, with good operability and practicability, can accurately reflect in current fructus lycii resource to be suitable for making to eat fructus lycii kind raw, provide foundation for fresh food fructus lycii breed breeding.
Description
Technical field
It is comprehensive more particularly, to a kind of quality for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw the invention belongs to eat fruit quality detection technique field raw
Close measuring method.
Background technique
Fructus lycii (Lycium L.) is the rare natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials in China, fructus lycii sugar rich in, carrotene, more
Kind of nutritional ingredients such as vitamin and calcium, iron, with nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting shrewd head, clearing lung-heat is supporing yang, the health care that delays senescence etc.
Function is praised highly by ancient Chinese medicine doctor and dietotherapy scholar, and fructus lycii is also gone through version " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " and recorded.
It is just fine that fructus lycii will eat fresh effect；Now, the zoopery much about fructus lycii toxicity proves, fructus lycii is
Very safe food, the inside are free of any toxin, can be eaten for a long time.But Traditional Sun dry wolfberry nutritive loss is more.Tradition
The way of sunning technique is to remove fresh fruit surface fruit wax with buck first, and then evaporate fresh fruit by constantly stirring dry
In moisture.During sunning, fructus lycii because wounding, squeeze and the pulp such as hurt, weigh wounded and can obviously be damaged, cause nutrition be largely lost and
It is black.Show traditional the methods of " stew, steep, boil " of fructus lycii according to China Academy of TCM's result of study, absorptivity is most
It can only achieve 2.03% more, and fresh fructus lycii not only remains its natural bioactive ingredients, also completely remains fructus lycii
Genuine and effective nutritional ingredient.With when fructus lycii is soaked or Baoshang, drug effect therein can not be brought into play completely, due to by
The influence of the factors such as water temperature, soaking time, only part medicinal ingredient can be discharged into water or soup in fructus lycii.Directly chewed with mouth,
Can be more abundant to the absorption of nutritional ingredient in fructus lycii, it is more advantageous to the health-care effect for playing fructus lycii, but chew and to infuse when taking fructus lycii
Meaning, preferably halves in the quantity eaten, and it is excessive to be otherwise easy nourishing.In addition any invigorant all not eaten excessively, fructus lycii
It is unexceptional.In general, healthy adult eat daily 20 grams or so fructus lycii it is proper, if it is desired to playing the effect for the treatment of
Fruit, most nice 30 grams or so daily.
In recent years, as Chinese wolfberry fruit preservation technology is improved and large fruit fructus lycii kind comes out, fresh food fructus lycii, which has become, to disappear
The seasonal fruit that Fei Zhere is held in both hands.But medlar fresh fruit quality does not both have scientificlly and effectively detection method and appraisement system at present,
There is no the fresh food Lycium barbarum. L Quality grading index of normative and reasonable, and the method for the measurement of existing Lycium barbarum. L Quality and evaluation mainly still relies on
GB/T 18672-2014, but the standard is suitable for the fructus lycii mellow fruit through the dry each kind being processed into；Although
There are also patent documents to disclose the quality integrated evaluating method of some agricultural product at present；Such as:
The patent of invention of 105675539 A of Publication No. CN discloses a kind of quality of agricultural product integrated evaluating method, described
Method is based on vibrational spectrum Quantitative Prediction Model, and the pre- of multiple evaluation indexes of sample to be tested is obtained on the basis of the model
Measured value and model parameter, predicted value is normalized, and the model parameter of combining assessment index and the weight coefficient of evaluation index acquire
The comprehensive evaluation value Z for reflecting agricultural product integrated quality, can be classified whole samples to be tested according to the distribution of Z value.This
The method that invention provides fully takes into account influencing each other between the multi objective and multi objective of quality of agricultural product, takes into account the pre- of model
Performance is surveyed, more scientific, specific, the practical classification of quality of agricultural product may be implemented.
The patent of invention of 106202267 A of Publication No. CN discloses a kind of yellow fruit mandarin orange integrated quality evaluation method, should
Method comprises determining that Factor Weight, establishes yellow fruit mandarin orange fruit quality comprehensive score standard, establishes yellow fruit mandarin orange database, to foundation
Yellow fruit mandarin orange fruit quality comprehensive score standard and the yellow fruit mandarin orange database of foundation applied, screening fruit quality performance is more excellent
Yellow fruit mandarin orange single plant.The present invention screens the scale and weighing computation method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and utilizes " step analysis
Method+entropy assessment " is combined tax power, obtains more scientific, reasonable yellow fruit mandarin orange fruit quality index weights；Based on index level
Standards of grading are established in library, obtain more scientific, reasonable integrated quality grade form；It establishes and runs yellow fruit mandarin orange database realizing yellow fruit
The evaluation of mandarin orange integrated quality and the inquiry of relevant information, filter out yellow fruit mandarin orange single plant best in quality.
The patent of invention of 105823760 A of Publication No. CN, provides a kind of method for evaluating quality of coconut, using master
Componential analysis establishes coconut quality Mathematical Model of Comprehensive Evaluation, judgement schematics y=-0.116*Zx1-0.533Zx2-
0.542*Zx3+0.176*Zx4-0.164*Zx5, wherein Zx1 to Zx5 respectively represents coconut light transmittance, retentiveness, hardness, chewing
Property and shearing force by experiment measure and by standardization after numerical value.The present invention is from objectively evaluating and two angles of subjective assessment
It sets out, has studied the relationship between the physical and chemical index of coconut and the sensory evaluation of people, establish the overall merit of coconut quality
System accomplishes the sensory evaluation scores that mouthfeel is characterized with the Physico-chemical tests index of coconut, raw to formulate relevant industries standard and enterprise
It produces and certain data basis and theoretical direction is provided.
In conclusion general agricultural product people can only lean on knowhow to carry out simple evaluation to some external characters, and it is right
Inherent nutritional ingredient, active material are extremely difficult to accurate judgement, and the otherness between different product is larger, Testing index
Differ widely.Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish the fresh fruit Lycium barbarum. L Quality Character Evaluation technology of a set of specification, to be conducive to fresh food fructus lycii
The quick development and utilization of germ plasm resource, to adapt to the needs in fresh food fructus lycii market.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of quality synthesis measurings for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw
Method.The present invention from objectively evaluate with two angles of subjective assessment, establish fresh food and Chinese wolfberry fruit quality determination method and comment
Valence system works out fresh food Lycium barbarum. L Quality grading index, provides certain data base to formulate relevant industries standard and enterprise's production
Plinth and theoretical direction.
To achieve the goals above, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality detecting method, includes the following steps:
(1) yield index: including single fruit weight, vertical diameter, transverse diameter, carpopodium is long, pulp is thick and seed number, measuring method reference
" fructus lycii germ plasm resource Description standard and data standard "；
(2) it flavor index: including fructose, glucose, sucrose, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, malic acid and citric acid, surveys
It is as follows to determine method:
1) prepared by extracting solution；
2) fructose, glucose, sucrose are measured using the refractive power Composition distribution on high performance liquid chromatograph；Utilize efficient liquid
Photodiode array detector measurement oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, malic acid and citric acid content on chromatography；
(3) active matter index includes total reducing sugar, polysaccharide, flavones, glycine betaine, carotenoid and Vitamin C content, measurement side
Method is as follows:
1) total reducing sugar and determination of polysaccharide Primary Reference GB/T 18672-2014；
2) flavones content measure: by sample fruit liquid feeding nitrogen be milled, then plus EtOH Sonicate extraction, filtering, constant volume, drying, redissolution,
After filtering, it is measured on high performance liquid chromatograph；
3) beet alkali content measures: weighing sample fruit, is ground into homogenate, adds water, standing, centrifugation, filtering, absorption, elute, wash
De-, drying, constant volume after refiltering, are measured on high performance liquid chromatograph；
4) carotenoid content measures: weighing sample fruit, liquid feeding nitrogen milling extracts, and extracting solution crosses anhydrous sodium sulfate back spin
Turn evaporation, add petroleum ether and sodium chloride, crosses after anhydrous sodium sulfate rotary evaporation again, KOH-CH is added3OH is protected from light saponification；
Petroleum ether and sodium chloride are added after saponification, is washed to neutral rotation and is evaporated, after residue methylene chloride constant volume, utilize ultraviolet spectrometry
Carotenoid content in sample is calculated after photometric determination light absorption value.
5) Vitamin C content measures: weighing sample fruit, liquid nitrogen milling, then the centrifugation of biasing phosphoric acid is added, in efficient liquid after filtering
Measurement content is waken up with a start on chromatography.
A kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw, includes the following steps:
(1) it eats the index of quality of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: using the quality determination method of above-mentioned fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit, completing 32 parts
Fructus lycii sample throughput index, flavor index and active matter index amount to 20 index determinings, using DPS data processing system to 20
Index carries out correlation analysis, establishes related coefficient between each index, filter out related coefficient reach under the level of signifiance (P <
0.05) index.
(2) eat the index of quality factorial analysis of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: using DPS data processing system to 20 indexs carry out because
Son analysis.1) the contribution rate of accumulative total > 80% of the factor, and the characteristic value > 1 of the factor are screened, so that it is determined that common factor number；2) to institute
Establish in common factor and screen the index of weight > 0.6, index will be filtered out and be divided into three classes, respectively yield factor, flavor because
Son and the active matter factor；3) in the same class factor with reference to related coefficient in (1), reject that weight is lower and the higher finger of correlation
Mark, to establish comprehensive evaluation index.
(3) eat raw Chinese wolfberry fruit quality comprehensive evaluation index weight establishment: in (2) establish comprehensive evaluation index,
Using 1-9 scaling law in DPS data processing system, lower level factor is constructed in hierarchical relationship relative to corresponding
The judgment matrix of high-rise factor.It is required that the consistency of total hierarchial sorting and judgment matrix ratio column (CR) < 0.10, to obtain comprehensive
Close the weight of evaluation index.
(4) verifying of the quality overall evaluation system of Chinese wolfberry fruit is eaten raw:
1) data normalization is handled: data normalization handles formula: N (in)=(Xin-XiMinimum value)/(XiMaximum value-XiMinimum value)。
Wherein, N (in) refers to the normal data (0-1) after the initial data of the i-th main gene of n-th of sample is inverted；Xin refers to n-th of sample
The original measured value of position i main gene.
2) the quality overall merit of Chinese wolfberry fruit: overall merit formula: D (n)=∑ [N (in) × W (i)] is eaten raw.Wherein,
D (n) refers to that the comprehensive evaluation value of n-th of sample, W (i) refer to the weight coefficient of the i-th main gene.
3) it eats the verifying of the quality overall merit system of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: to the comprehensive evaluation index established in above-mentioned (2), adopting
It is handled with data normalization in (4) .1), obtains its standardized numerical value.Recycle (4) .2) in overall merit formula, calculate
The comprehensive score of test sample carries out fresh food fructus lycii quality sequence with the height of score.By test sample sequence and practical life
Performance is compared analysis in production, verifies its overall merit system reliability and science.
(5) standard analysis of fructus lycii characteristic evaluating is eaten raw:
According to the comprehensive score for the test sample established in (4) .3), 32 parts of fructus lycii materials are divided into three classes: i.e. I grades (suitable
Preferably make fresh food fructus lycii), II grades (being substantially suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii), III level (being not suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii), thus establish (2) in
The corresponding numerical value of comprehensive evaluation index, as fresh food fructus lycii evaluation criterion.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) present invention establishes a kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw.This method is evaluated compared with Conventional wisdom
Flavor index and active matter index are increased, more fully fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality evaluation standard and corresponding product have been made
Kind, there is good operability and practicability.
(2) present invention index comprehensive evaluation Chinese wolfberry fruit quality in terms of yield factor, flavour factor and active factors three.
Using the method combined with subjective assessment is objectively evaluated, the past is solved only with the inclined face property of artificial sensory evaluation.The present invention
It can reflect fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality from different perspectives, fully demonstrate the scientific and accurate of fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality evaluation
Property, the scope of application is wider.
(3) the application present invention, which establishes, eats Chinese wolfberry fruit method for evaluating quality raw, objectively can accurately reflect current
It is suitable for making to eat fructus lycii kind raw in fructus lycii resource, provides foundation for subsequent fresh food fructus lycii breed breeding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the correlation analysis figure of 20 indexs.
Specific embodiment
Form by the following examples is described in further detail above content of the invention again, but should not be by this
It is interpreted as that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, all technologies realized based on above content of the present invention
It all belongs to the scope of the present invention.In addition, the experimental method in following embodiments is unless otherwise instructed conventional method.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality detecting method, includes the following steps:
(1) yield index: including single fruit weight, vertical diameter, transverse diameter, carpopodium is long, pulp is thick and seed number, measuring method reference
" fructus lycii germ plasm resource Description standard and data standard ".
(2) it flavor index: including fructose, glucose, sucrose, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, malic acid and citric acid, surveys
It is as follows to determine method:
1) prepared by extracting solution: weighing 3g fresh fruit, liquid feeding nitrogen is ground into uniform powder, and 80% ethyl alcohol of 5mL is added, and is vortexed
It mixes, extracts 20min in 35 DEG C of water-baths, at 4 DEG C, 15min is centrifuged under the conditions of 10000rpm, Aspirate supernatant repeats to extract 3
It is secondary, merge supernatant, is settled to after 20mL is mixed and takes 5mL, at 4 DEG C, 5min is centrifuged under the conditions of 10000rpm, takes 3mL supernatant
Rotation is dry, does the pomace on wall with the dissolution of 1.5mL distilled water, to be measured after 0.22 μm of water film filtering.
2) it measures: measuring fructose, dextrose and saccharose content using the refractive power Composition distribution on high performance liquid chromatograph,
Chromatographic column is Shimadzu (4.6 × 250mm), and 0.5 μm of nh 2 column, using acetonitrile: water=7:3 is mobile phase, flow velocity 1.2mL/
Min, isocratic elution, column temperature be 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C of detector temperature, sample injection time 15min, 15 μ L of sampling volume.According to sample peak
Area and the standard curve of sugared content calculate fructose, dextrose and saccharose content.
Oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, apple are measured using the photodiode array detector on high performance liquid chromatograph
Acid and citric acid content, chromatographic column are Agilent (4.6 × 250mm), 0.5 μm of C18Pillar, with 50mM (NH2)2HPO4, with
H2PO3Being adjusted to PH=2.7 for buffer is mobile phase, and flow velocity 1.5ml/min, isocratic elution, column temperature is 25 DEG C, detects wave
Long 210nm, sample injection time 10min, 25 μ l of sampling volume.It is calculated in sample according to sample peak area and the standard curve of acid content
Oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, malic acid and citric acid content.
(3) active matter index includes total reducing sugar, polysaccharide, flavones, glycine betaine, carotenoid and Vitamin C content, measurement side
Method is as follows:
1) total reducing sugar and determination of polysaccharide Primary Reference GB/T 18672-2014；
2) flavones content measures: weighing 2g fresh fruit, 70% ethyl alcohol of 10mL is added in grind into powder after liquid feeding nitrogen, and ultrasound mentions
Take cooling after 1h, filtering is settled to 25mL mixing and takes 5mL extracting solution, with being dried with nitrogen under the conditions of 60 DEG C, is answered with 2mL chromatography methanol
It is molten, it is to be measured after 0.22 μm of organic fiber membrane filtration.On high performance liquid chromatograph, chromatographic column C18Reversed-phase column (4.6 ×
250mm, 5 μm)；With mobile phase A: 50mM phosphoric acid solution (pH2.5), Mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile is eluted, elution program
Are as follows: 50mM phosphoric acid: acetonitrile (80/20)；35 DEG C of column temperature, flow velocity 1.0mL/min, sampling volume is 10 μ L, and Detection wavelength is
365nm.Flavones content in sample is calculated according to the standard curve of sample peak area and rutin content.
3) beet alkali content measures: 1g fresh fruit is weighed, homogenate is ground into, 25mL ultrapure water is added, after placing 2min,
10000rpm is centrifuged 3min, and 5mL filtrate is drawn after filtering, is added in the MCX pillar activated, nature flow velocity is kept, to sample liquid
Into after the adsorption layer of extraction pillar, successively eluted with 5mL methanol, 5mL methanol；Then washed with 5mL ammoniated methanol
De-, after backwashing of laying equal stress on is de- primary.The eluent of collection is dried up with nitrogen, constant volume is dissolved with 2mL acetonitrile solution, through 0.45 μm of filter membrane mistake
It is to be measured after filter.On high performance liquid chromatograph, chromatography is PC HILIC column (4.6 × 250mm, 5 μm)；Mobile phase A: water, flowing
Phase B: acetonitrile, gradient elution program: 0-2min, 95%-90%B；2min-3min, 90%-70%B；3min-4min, 70%-
50%B；4-9min, 50%B；9-10min, 50%-95%B；10-15min, 95%B.25 DEG C of column temperature, flow velocity 1.0mL/min,
Detection wavelength 195nm, sampling volume are 10 μ L.Sweet tea in sample is calculated according to the standard curve of sample peak area and beet alkali content
Dish alkali content.
4) carotenoid content measures: weighing 2g fresh fruit, grind into powder after liquid feeding nitrogen is added to 100mL brown reagent
In bottle, 30mL tetrahydrofuran (containing 0.1%BHT) is added and extracts 45min under conditions of ultrasonic wave W=7, F=4, repeats two
It is secondary, combined extract；Extracting solution crosses the anhydrous sodium sulfate (adding filter paper) of 3g into new round-bottomed flask, under the conditions of 35 DEG C, rotation
Turn after being evaporated to 6mL；30mL petroleum ether and 10% sodium chloride of 6mL is added, the anhydrous sodium sulfate (adding filter paper) of 5g excessively arrives original
In round-bottomed flask, rotary evaporation is to 6mL under the conditions of 35 DEG C；6mL 10%KOH-CH is added3OH is protected from light saponification；It will after saponification
Liquid is transferred in 60mL separatory funnel, adds 10mL petroleum ether and 10mL sodium chloride, and organic phase is washed with water to neutral (PH=7), and 35
Rotation is evaporated under the conditions of DEG C, and residue is settled to 10mL with methylene chloride, under the conditions of 448nm, is measured in ultraviolet specrophotometer
Light absorption value.Carotenoid content in sample is calculated using formula.
5) Vitamin C content measures: weighing 2g fresh fruit, grind into powder after liquid nitrogen is added, the inclined phosphorus of 8mL 2.5% is added
Acid is centrifuged 10min under the conditions of 10000rpm at 4 DEG C, is repeated twice, and merges supernatant, is settled to 20mL.With 0.45 μm of water
It is to be measured after membrane filtration.On high performance liquid chromatograph, photodiode array detector, mobile phase: the phosphorus of 0.1mol/L
Sour hydrogen dipotassium, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.08mol/L, methanol volume ratio are 55:25:20, isocratic elution；Chromatographic column is Agilent
(4.6 × 250mm), 0.5 μm of C18Column, column temperature are 25 DEG C, flow velocity 1.0mL/min, Detection wavelength 245nm, and sample volume is
25μL.Vitamin C content content in sample is calculated according to the standard curve of sample peak area and Vitamin C content.
A kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw, includes the following steps:
(1) it eats the index of quality of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: using the quality determination method of above-mentioned fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit, completing 32 parts
Fructus lycii sample throughput index, flavor index and active matter index amount to 20 index determinings, using DPS data processing system to 20
Index carries out correlation analysis, establishes related coefficient between each index, filter out related coefficient reach under the level of signifiance (P <
0.05) index.
(2) eat the index of quality factorial analysis of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: using DPS data processing system to 20 indexs carry out because
Son analysis.1) the contribution rate of accumulative total > 80% of the factor, and the characteristic value > 1 of the factor are screened, so that it is determined that common factor number；2) to institute
Establish in common factor and screen the index of weight > 0.6, index will be filtered out and be divided into three classes, respectively yield factor, flavor because
Son and the active matter factor；3) in the same class factor with reference to related coefficient in (1), reject that weight is lower and the higher finger of correlation
Mark, to establish comprehensive evaluation index.
(3) eat raw Chinese wolfberry fruit quality comprehensive evaluation index weight establishment: in (2) establish comprehensive evaluation index,
Using 1-9 scaling law in DPS data processing system, lower level factor is constructed in hierarchical relationship relative to corresponding
The judgment matrix of high-rise factor.It is required that the consistency of total hierarchial sorting and judgment matrix ratio column (CR) < 0.10, to obtain comprehensive
Close the weight of evaluation index.
(4) verifying of the quality overall evaluation system of Chinese wolfberry fruit is eaten raw:
1) data normalization is handled: data normalization handles formula: N (in)=(Xin-XiMinimum value)/(XiMaximum value-XiMinimum value)。
Wherein, N (in) refers to the normal data (0-1) after the initial data of the i-th main gene of n-th of sample is inverted；Xin refers to n-th of sample
The original measured value of position i main gene.
2) the quality overall merit of Chinese wolfberry fruit: overall merit formula: D (n)=∑ [N (in) × W (i)] is eaten raw.Wherein,
D (n) refers to that the comprehensive evaluation value of n-th of sample, W (i) refer to the weight coefficient of the i-th main gene.
3) it eats the verifying of the quality overall merit system of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: to the comprehensive evaluation index established in above-mentioned (2), adopting
It is handled with data normalization in (4) .1), obtains its standardized numerical value.Recycle (4) .2) in overall merit formula, calculate
The comprehensive score of test sample carries out fresh food fructus lycii quality sequence with the height of score.By test sample sequence and practical life
Performance is compared analysis in production, verifies its overall merit system reliability and science.
(5) standard analysis of fructus lycii characteristic evaluating is eaten raw:
According to the comprehensive score for the test sample established in (4) .3), 32 parts of fructus lycii materials are divided into three classes: i.e. I grades (suitable
Preferably make fresh food fructus lycii), II grades (being substantially suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii), III level (being not suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii), thus establish (2) in
The corresponding numerical value of comprehensive evaluation index, as fresh food fructus lycii evaluation criterion.
Embodiment 2
(1) 32 part of fructus lycii material (being shown in Table 1) is all from national fructus lycii Engineering Technical Research Centre/fructus lycii country forest germplasm
Resource garden, the consistent 3 plants of trees of every part of material selection growing way, the age of tree is 3-5.Measure yield index, the flavor of 32 parts of fructus lycii materials
Index and active matter index 20 items index such as table 2 (some materials test result).
1.32 parts of fructus lycii material fruit quality measurements of table
| Number | Title | Number | Title | Number | Title | Number | Title | Number |
| 1 | w-11-15 | 9 | Peaceful Qi 3 | 17 | Informal voucher | 25 | Column casing | 9 |
| 2 | w-12-27 | 10 | Peaceful Qi 4 | 18 | Circle fruit | 26 | Yunnan | 10 |
| 3 | w-11-30 | 11 | Peaceful Qi 5 | 19 | Flat fruit | 27 | Red branch | 11 |
| 4 | Ningxia yellow fruit | 12 | Peaceful Qi 6 | 20 | Cover Qi 1 | 28 | China | 12 |
| 5 | z-11-18 | 13 | Peaceful Qi 7 | 21 | The north | 29 | Changji | 13 |
| 6 | Yellow fruit | 14 | Marihuana | 22 | Cut calyx | 30 | Strain 0507 | 14 |
| 7 | Peaceful Qi 1 | 15 | Small sesame slices | 23 | Xinjiang | 31 | Strain 0508 | 15 |
| 8 | Peaceful Qi 2 | 16 | White flower | 24 | Purple handle | 32 | Black fruit | 16 |
20 index test results of 26 parts of fructus lycii materials of table
(2) yield index, flavor index and active matter index 20 items index of the fresh fruit of 32 parts of fructus lycii materials are carried out
Measurement counts the max min average stdev coefficient of variation, and as shown in table 3, each index Difference Between Coefficients of Variation is larger, becomes
Different coefficient range is 14.3%-113.4%, wherein the coefficient of variation has malic acid content, cane sugar content and flavones to contain compared with high target
Amount；The lower index of the coefficient of variation has transverse diameter, total sugar content and total acid content.There are larger changes for different medlar fresh fruit quality traits
It is different, bigger selection space can be created for the high-quality fresh food fructus lycii kind of breeding.
The variation situation of the 3 medlar fresh fruit index of quality of table
Correlation analysis between (3) 20 indexs
20 index related analyses such as Fig. 1, the results showed that, related coefficient differs greatly between different indexs, wherein yield
There is significant correlation between index mostly；There are correlations for part between flavor index；Mostly without conspicuousness between function object index.
Factorial analysis between (4) 20 indexs: 20 medlar fresh fruit index of quality carry out factorial analysis (being shown in Table 4),
In, the contribution rate of accumulative total of preceding 7 common factors is 82.39%, i.e., preceding 7 factors information contained amount accounts for the 82.39% of gross information content,
And the characteristic value of 7 factors is more than 1.Show that preceding 7 factors can be used for the evaluation of medlar fresh fruit quality trait.Further screening
The index of weight > 0.6, and correlative relationship is combined to analyze, rejects that weight is lower and the higher index of correlation, to really indulge
8 indexs such as diameter, transverse diameter, fructose, glucose, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, flavones, polysaccharide are fresh food Lycium barbarum. L Quality comprehensive evaluation index.
The factorial analysis of 4 20 indexs of table
8 indexs of fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality will be established, and combine production practices, layer is constructed using 1-9 scaling law
Judgment matrix (table 6) of the lower level factor relative to corresponding high-rise factor in secondary structural relation (being shown in Table 5).Level is always arranged
Sequence and the consistency of judgment matrix are respectively 0 than column (CR), are lower than 0.10, illustrate the mutual of each factor in the judgment matrix of construction
Relationship Comparison is consistent, receives the total ranking results of level, to obtain vertical diameter, transverse diameter, fructose, glucose, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, Huang
The weight of 8 indexs such as ketone, polysaccharide is respectively 17.74%, 17.74%, 10.75%, 10.75%, 5.38%, 5.38%,
10.75%, 21.51%；The weight of yield factor, flavour factor and the functional activity factor is 35.48%, 32.26% and
32.26%.As it can be seen that polysaccharide contributes maximum to Chinese wolfberry fruit quality, secondly vertical diameter and transverse diameter, are next flavones, fructose, grape
Sugar, and the influence of oxalic acid and tartaric acid to Chinese wolfberry fruit quality is smaller.The hierarchical structure of the 5 medlar fresh fruit index of quality of table
6 discrimination matrix of table and its consistency detection
(5) overall merit of Chinese wolfberry fruit quality is eaten raw
To above-mentioned 8 established indexs, is handled using data normalization, obtain its standardized numerical value.It recycles comprehensive
Judgement schematics are closed, the comprehensive score (table 7) of test sample is calculated, carry out fresh food fructus lycii quality sequence with the height of score.
The result shows that most of comprehensive evaluation value higher material is that plantation large fruit kind, general performance are excellent at present；And overall merit
It is worth lower, the fruit of fruit is small, nutrition content is lower；Generally speaking, different materials Comprehensive Traits show, with production benefit
Practical manifestation is consistent substantially.Illustrate to carry out fructus lycii fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit quality overall merit completely by above-mentioned 8 indexs.
The overall merit of 7 medlar fresh fruit quality of table
| Title | Comprehensive score | Sequence | Title | Comprehensive score | Sequence | Title | Comprehensive score | Sequence |
| w-11-15 | 0.368 | 24 | Peaceful Qi 6 | 0.605 | 4 | Xinjiang | 0.32 | 30 |
| w-12-27 | 0.382 | 23 | Peaceful Qi 7 | 0.669 | 3 | Purple handle | 0.389 | 22 |
| w-11-30 | 0.484 | 12 | Marihuana | 0.417 | 20 | Column casing | 0.46 | 17 |
| Ningxia yellow fruit | 0.363 | 25 | Small sesame slices | 0.493 | 11 | Yunnan | 0.481 | 13 |
| z-11-18 | 0.343 | 27 | White flower | 0.553 | 7 | Red branch | 0.335 | 28 |
| Yellow fruit | 0.359 | 26 | Informal voucher | 0.444 | 19 | China | 0.325 | 29 |
| Peaceful Qi 1 | 0.585 | 6 | Circle fruit | 0.448 | 18 | Changji | 0.299 | 31 |
| Peaceful Qi 2 | 0.718 | 1 | Flat fruit | 0.595 | 5 | Strain 0507 | 0.389 | 21 |
| Peaceful Qi 3 | 0.504 | 9 | Cover Qi 1 | 0.689 | 2 | Strain 0508 | 0.466 | 16 |
| Peaceful Qi 4 | 0.539 | 8 | The north | 0.479 | 14 | Black fruit | 0.235 | 32 |
| Peaceful Qi 5 | 0.495 | 10 | Cut calyx | 0.475 | 15 |
(6) standard analysis of fructus lycii characteristic evaluating is eaten raw
According to the comprehensive score that overall merit obtains, fructus lycii material is divided into three classes: i.e. I grades (being suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii),
II grades (being substantially suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii), III level (being not suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii), to establish the corresponding of comprehensive evaluation index
Numerical value, as fresh food fructus lycii evaluation criterion (table 8).
Table 8 eats Chinese wolfberry fruit quality comprehensive value model raw
Claims (1)
1. a kind of quality synthesis measuring method for eating Chinese wolfberry fruit raw, characterized by the following steps:
(1) it eats the index of quality of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: using the quality determination method of fresh food Chinese wolfberry fruit, completing fructus lycii sample throughput
Index, flavor index and active matter index amount to 20 index determinings, carry out phase to 20 indexs using DPS data processing system
The analysis of closing property, establishes related coefficient between each index, filters out related coefficient and reach the index of P under the level of signifiance < 0.05；
The yield index: including single fruit weight, vertical diameter, transverse diameter, carpopodium is long, pulp is thick and seed number, and measuring method refers to " fructus lycii
Germ plasm resource Description standard and data standard "；
The flavor index: including fructose, glucose, sucrose, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, malic acid and citric acid, measurement
Method is as follows:
1) prepared by extracting solution；
2) fructose, glucose, sucrose are measured using the refractive power Composition distribution on high performance liquid chromatograph；Utilize high-efficient liquid phase color
Photodiode array detector measurement oxalic acid, tartaric acid, chinic acid, malic acid and citric acid content on spectrometer；
The active matter index: including total reducing sugar, polysaccharide, flavones, glycine betaine, carotenoid and Vitamin C content, measuring method
It is as follows:
1) total reducing sugar and determination of polysaccharide Primary Reference GB/T 18672-2014；
2) flavones content measures: sample fruit liquid feeding nitrogen being milled, then plus EtOH Sonicate extraction, filtering, constant volume, drying, redissolution, filtering
Afterwards, it is measured on high performance liquid chromatograph；
3) beet alkali content measure: weigh sample fruit, be ground into homogenate, add water, standing, centrifugation, filtering, absorption, elution, elution,
Drying, constant volume after refiltering, are measured on high performance liquid chromatograph；
4) carotenoid content measures: weighing sample fruit, liquid feeding nitrogen milling extracts, and extracting solution rotates steaming after crossing anhydrous sodium sulfate
Hair, adds petroleum ether and sodium chloride, crosses after anhydrous sodium sulfate rotary evaporation again, KOH-CH is added3OH is protected from light saponification；Saponification
Petroleum ether and sodium chloride are added afterwards, is washed to neutral rotation and is evaporated, after residue methylene chloride constant volume, utilize uv-spectrophotometric
Carotenoid content in sample is calculated after meter measurement light absorption value；
5) Vitamin C content measures: weighing sample fruit, liquid nitrogen milling, then the centrifugation of biasing phosphoric acid is added, in high-efficient liquid phase color after filtering
Content is measured on spectrometer；
(2) it eats the index of quality factorial analysis of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: Factor minute is carried out to 20 indexs using DPS data processing system
Analysis；1) the contribution rate of accumulative total > 80% of the factor, and the characteristic value > 1 of the factor are screened, so that it is determined that common factor number；2) to establishing
The index that weight > 0.6 is screened in common factor, will filter out index and is divided into three classes, respectively yield factor, flavour factor and
The active matter factor；3) in the same class factor with reference to related coefficient in (1), reject that weight is lower and the higher index of correlation,
To establish comprehensive evaluation index；
(3) it eats the establishment of the quality comprehensive evaluation index weight of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: to comprehensive evaluation index is established in (2), using
1-9 scaling law in DPS data processing system constructs in hierarchical relationship lower level factor relative to corresponding high level
The judgment matrix of factor；It is required that the consistency of total hierarchial sorting and judgment matrix than column (CR) < 0.10, is commented to obtain synthesis
The weight of valence index；
(4) verifying of the quality overall evaluation system of Chinese wolfberry fruit is eaten raw:
1) data normalization is handled: data normalization handles formula: N (in)=(Xin-XiMinimum value)/(XiMaximum value-XiMinimum value)；Its
In, N (in) refers to the normal data (0-1) after the initial data of the i-th main gene of n-th of sample is inverted；Xin refers to n-th of sample
The original measured value of i-th main gene；
2) the quality overall merit of Chinese wolfberry fruit: overall merit formula: D (n)=∑ [N (in) × W (i)] is eaten raw；Wherein, D (n)
Refer to that the comprehensive evaluation value of n-th of sample, W (i) refer to the weight coefficient of the i-th main gene；
3) it eats the verifying of the quality overall merit system of Chinese wolfberry fruit raw: to the comprehensive evaluation index established in above-mentioned (2), using
(4) .1) in data normalization processing, obtain its standardized numerical value；Recycle (4) .2) in overall merit formula, calculate survey
The comprehensive score of test agent carries out fresh food fructus lycii quality sequence with the height of score；By test sample sequence and actual production
Middle performance is compared analysis, verifies its overall merit system reliability and science；
(5) standard analysis of fructus lycii characteristic evaluating is eaten raw:
According to (4) .3) in the comprehensive score of test sample established, sample fructus lycii material is divided into three classes: i.e. I grades be suitable for make it is fresh
Food fructus lycii, II grade be suitable for substantially make fresh food fructus lycii, III level is not suitable for making fresh food fructus lycii, thus comprehensive evaluation index in established (2)
Corresponding numerical value.
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