CN107246273B - Deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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Abstract
The deep tunnel steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure comprises two pressure relief grooves arranged on two sides of a tunnel bottom plate and a steel wire rope net rubber concrete sprayed layer sprayed on the surface of surrounding rock of a tunnel; the steel wire rope net rubber concrete spraying layer comprises a first rubber concrete layer and a second rubber concrete layer which are sequentially sprayed on the surface of the deep roadway surrounding rock, and the first rubber concrete layer and the second rubber concrete layer are both made of rubber particles mixed with concrete; in conclusion, the invention provides a construction method of a deep soft rock roadway with anchor rods, a steel wire rope net, rubber sprayed concrete and surrounding rock grouting, and the construction method brings good economic and social benefits for improving the self-supporting capability and anchor net supporting performance of the surrounding rock of the deep soft rock roadway, lightening the labor intensity of workers, reducing the roadway supporting and maintaining cost and the like for the deep soft rock roadway, particularly for the rock roadway with longer service life and an important chamber, and can further standardize the construction technology of the deep soft rock roadway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, and particularly relates to a deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete support structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
The vast majority of coal mines in China are underground coal mines, and a large number of rock tunnels need to be tunneled every year. Along with the continuous deepening of the coal mining depth, the rock roadway surrounding rock is gradually converted into deep soft rock. Due to the fact that the deep soft rock roadway is high in surrounding rock stress, poor in surrounding rock performance, low in strength and large in surrounding rock deformation, two sides and a top plate of the roadway sink, a bottom plate of the roadway swells, the roadway deforms and is seriously damaged, and even the phenomenon of repeated repair for many times occurs.
After the surrounding rocks Mao Duanmian of the deep roadway are excavated, firstly, the newly exposed surrounding rocks are subjected to sprayed concrete support, and the surrounding rocks of the roadway are reinforced and closed by utilizing a concrete sprayed layer. The sprayed concrete is formed by taking compressed air as power and mixing a mixture of cement, sand, stones and an accelerating agent in a certain mixing ratio with a concrete sprayer through a pipeline, and spraying the mixture to the wall surface of a rock at a high speed in a layered manner after mixing with water and then coagulating and hardening. The traditional shotcrete support has the functions of filling cracks, filling recesses and reinforcing rock strata, and becomes a basic support for a soft rock roadway in the deep part of a coal mine. The traditional shotcrete is the main material for basic support of the roadway. After the current deep soft rock roadway is excavated, firstly, anchoring the surrounding rock, hanging a metal net and spraying concrete to seal the surrounding rock, and finally, grouting and reinforcing the surrounding rock. At present, the original design section of the deep soft rock roadway is increasingly large, the supporting strength is gradually improved, and the supporting cost is also increasingly high. The method adopts an anchor net spraying support consisting of a conventional fully-closed U-shaped steel flexible metal support, a high-strength anchor rod (sometimes an anchor cable), a metal net (sometimes a reinforcing mesh) and sprayed concrete, and an anchor rod metal net surrounding rock grouting combined support consisting of surrounding rock grouting, which is called anchor net grouting combined support for short, sometimes the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the deep soft rock roadway is difficult to ensure, and the requirement of coal mine safety production is difficult to meet. The main problems existing in the prior deep soft rock roadway anchor net and grouting combined support are as follows:
(1) The majority of sprayed concrete in the existing anchor net and grouting combined support is common sprayed concrete, the common sprayed concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, stones and an accelerating agent in a certain mixing ratio, the weight ratio of the cement to the coarse medium sand to the stones is 1 to 2, and the water cement ratio is 0.4 to 0.5. The common sprayed concrete has the characteristics of high compressive strength, low tensile strength, high brittleness and the like. When the deformation exceeds 50-100 mm, the concrete sprayed layer in the anchor net injection combined support has deformation damage phenomena such as cracks, breakage, looseness, falling and the like, and the sprayed concrete support fails. When the concrete sprayed layer cracks and loosens, the metal mesh or the reinforcing mesh inside the concrete sprayed layer is easy to corrode to cause concrete deterioration, which is a main cause of failure and damage of the anchor mesh injection support. Therefore, the conventional common sprayed concrete support is difficult to adapt to engineering geological conditions of large deformation and long-term rheology of surrounding rocks of deep soft rock roadways.
Compared with the common sprayed concrete, the steel fiber sprayed concrete sometimes adopted has the advantages that the mechanical properties of tensile strength, shearing strength and bending strength are improved to different degrees, the toughness property of the sprayed concrete is improved, the brittle failure characteristic of the concrete is changed, and the steel fiber sprayed concrete has higher strength and is rich in certain ductility. However, the steel fiber and the concrete matrix in the steel fiber sprayed concrete bear external load together, the existence of the steel fiber plays a role in hindering the development of concrete tension cracks, and the concrete matrix is the main bearer of external force. The micro-cracks of the concrete can be rapidly expanded under the action of external force, but the steel fiber concrete can still keep higher bending resistance and shearing strength after cracking, and the development of the tensile cracks of the concrete is hindered. However, the steel fiber concrete is still a brittle material, and the application of the steel fiber sprayed concrete support is limited when the anchor net injection combined support is carried out on deep weak surrounding rocks and expansive surrounding rocks with large deformation and poor self-stability of the surrounding rocks.
(2) The metal mesh (reinforcing mesh) of the existing anchor net injection support is difficult to be closely attached to the surrounding rock of the roadway, the meshes of the metal mesh are small, a concrete sprayed layer and the surrounding rock of the roadway are not compact or even separate, and the support performance of the anchor net of the soft rock at the deep part is reduced. Under the blocking action of the metal net, the sprayed concrete has high rebound rate, poor sprayed layer compactness and even cavities and loose areas. The metal mesh (reinforcing mesh) for the coal mine anchor mesh injection combined support is usually formed by weaving/welding low-carbon steel wires, and the conventional specification length and width of the metal mesh are as follows: 1 × 2m, 2 × 4m and 1 × 3m, the diameter of the steel wire is 2.0-6.5 mm, and the mesh is square holes of 100 × 100mm and 120 × 120mm. The newly exposed surrounding rock section after the roadway is excavated is usually uneven, and after the metal mesh is hung by the anchor rod, the metal mesh blocks the sunken area of the surrounding rock surface. When the spraying pressure is small or the spraying distance is long, sprayed concrete may be accumulated on the outer surface of the expanded metal to form a hollow or loose area on the inner surface of the expanded metal. When the water content of the surrounding rock is rich, the metal net is easy to rust and lose the protective performance. When the spraying pressure is larger or the spraying distance is closer, the sprayed concrete is rebounded greatly due to the blocking effect of the small metal meshes.
(3) The existing wall rock grouting anchor rod is generally processed by a common galvanized seamless steel pipe, has no pretightening force and anchoring force, only plays a role in grouting reinforcement on the wall rock, cannot play a role in anchoring the anchor rod, and is actually a grouting steel pipe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure with good anchor net injection supporting performance, long-term stability and low supporting cost and a construction method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure comprises two pressure relief grooves arranged on two sides of a roadway bottom plate and a steel wire rope net rubber concrete sprayed layer sprayed on the surface of roadway surrounding rock; the steel wire rope net rubber concrete spraying layer comprises a first rubber concrete layer and a second rubber concrete layer which are sequentially sprayed on the surface of deep roadway surrounding rock, wherein the first rubber concrete layer and the second rubber concrete layer are both made of rubber particles mixed with concrete, the length direction of the roadway is taken as the axial direction, the peripheral direction of the roadway is taken as the circumferential direction, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the roadway surrounding rock is taken as the radial direction, a plurality of rows of metal anchor rod layers are arranged in a rock stratum deep at the periphery of the roadway and are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the roadway, each row of metal anchor rod layers comprises a plurality of metal anchor rods uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the roadway, each metal anchor rod is arranged along the radial direction of the roadway, and a tray which is compacted with the first rubber concrete layer is fixed at the anchor tail end of each metal anchor rod through a nut; the anchor tail ends of two adjacent metal anchor rods are connected through main steel wire ropes, main steel wire ropes are formed among all the main steel wire ropes, two adjacent main steel wire ropes are connected through auxiliary steel wire ropes, and auxiliary steel wire ropes are formed among all the auxiliary steel wire ropes;
the two pressure relief grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the roadway bottom plate.
The thickness of the first rubber concrete layer is 80mm, and the thickness of the second rubber concrete layer is 120mm.
The distance between the anchor tail ends of two adjacent metal anchor rods is 700mm, the metal anchor rods are made of deformed steel bars, the diameter of the deformed steel bars is ∅ mm, and the length of the deformed steel bars is 2400mm.
The cross section of the pressure relief groove is rectangular, the width of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 800mm, and the depth of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 2000mm.
The construction method of the deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber-sprayed concrete supporting structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Adopting a smooth blasting method to construct a roadway to form a rough section of the deep soft rock roadway;
(2) Preparing rubber concrete: preparing the waste tires into rubber particles with the diameter of ∅ 0.9.9-2.0 mm, and then doping the rubber particles into a concrete admixture to form the rubber concrete admixture;
(3) Primarily spraying rubber concrete to the roadway surrounding rock to form a first rubber concrete layer, wherein the thickness of the first rubber concrete layer is 80mm;
(4) The axial direction along the tunnel is under construction metal stock layer in proper order: drilling an anchor rod hole along the radial direction of the roadway, then putting a resin anchoring agent into the hole opening of the anchor rod, sending a metal anchor rod and an anchoring agent at the front end into the hole bottom of the anchor rod together by using an anchor rod drilling machine and rotating, anchoring the rod body of the metal anchor rod by using the resin anchoring agent, and installing and pressing the anchor tail end of the metal anchor rod on a first rubber concrete layer through a tray;
(5) Connecting the anchor tail ends of two metal anchor rods which are adjacent side by side through main steel wire ropes, and connecting the two main steel wire ropes which are adjacent side by side through auxiliary steel wire ropes, wherein part of the auxiliary steel wire ropes are arranged along the annular direction of the roadway, and part of the auxiliary steel wire ropes are arranged along the axial direction of the roadway;
(6) Spraying a second rubber concrete layer on the outer surface of the first rubber concrete layer, wherein the thickness of the second rubber concrete layer is 120mm;
(7) Digging two pressure relief grooves: respectively digging a strip-shaped pressure relief groove at the left side and the right side of a bottom plate of the roadway by using pneumatic picks along the axial direction of the roadway, wherein the pressure relief groove takes the boundary line of one side wall of the roadway as a symmetrical line, the cross section of the pressure relief groove is rectangular, the depth of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 2000mm, and the width of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 800mm;
(8) After the pressure relief grooves are excavated, the surrounding rocks of the roadway deform, and after the pressure of the surrounding rocks is relieved within 10 to 15 days, the two pressure relief grooves are filled with concrete by using common sprayed concrete;
(9) And after the pressure of the roadway bottom plate is relieved, grouting and reinforcing the roadway surrounding rock and the bottom plate by using the hollow grouting anchor rod.
In the step (9), the grouting method of the roadway surrounding rock by using the grouting anchor rod comprises the following steps:
a) The method comprises the steps of drilling shallow grouting holes along the radial direction of roadway surrounding rock, enabling the depth of each shallow grouting hole to be 2000-2500 mm, enabling the distance between every two adjacent shallow grouting holes to be 1500mm, inserting a shallow grouting anchor rod into each shallow grouting hole, enabling the shallow grouting anchor rod to be of a hollow structure, enabling the diameter of each shallow grouting anchor rod to be ∅ mm, enabling the length of each shallow grouting anchor rod to be 1800mm, and performing shallow surrounding rock grouting on the shallow grouting holes through the shallow grouting anchor rods;
b) Beat dark injected hole along the radial direction of tunnel country rock, the hole depth in dark injected hole is 2500~ 3500mm, and the interval of two dark injected holes adjacent side by side is 1500mm, inserts dark slip casting stock in dark slip casting downthehole, and dark slip casting stock is hollow structure, and the diameter of dark slip casting stock is ∅ mm, and length is 2200mm, carries out deep country rock slip casting to dark slip casting hole through dark slip casting stock.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method is characterized in that after oilless treatment and processing treatment are carried out among the steel wire ropes for the abandoned coal mine, the steel wire ropes are used for replacing a metal mesh (a reinforcing mesh) in the traditional anchor mesh support. After the roadway shotcrete support, the steel wire rope net and the shotcrete form the steel wire rope net shotcrete, and the overall performance of the shotcrete is improved.
The scrapped mining steel wire rope is subjected to oil-free treatment, cut according to a certain length, and then the whole steel wire rope is split according to single and double strands. The steel wire ropes are laid along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the roadway, and the row distance and the space are respectively different from 200mm to 800mm; the steel wire rope net is a graticule net woven by single-strand and double-strand steel wire ropes arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the roadway. Wherein, the steel wire rope with the diameter of 8 to 20mm connected with the anchor rod is called as a main rope and is generally composed of a bifilar steel wire rope. The steel wire rope which is not directly connected with the anchor rod and plays a role of protecting the side is called as an auxiliary rope, and the auxiliary rope consists of a single-stranded steel wire rope. The main rope of the steel wire rope net passes through the anchor rod body and the anchor rod tray is compacted. The lap length between the main rope and the auxiliary rope is not less than 400mm; the length of the main rope and the auxiliary rope in the axial direction of the roadway is not less than 10m, and the length of the main rope and the auxiliary rope in the circumferential direction of the roadway is the sum of the perimeter of the section of the roadway and the width of the bottom plate of the roadway.
(2) The proper amount of rubber particles are mixed in the common sprayed concrete, so that the compressive strength and the elastic modulus of the sprayed concrete are reduced, the limit deformation is increased, and the common sprayed concrete is modified into the flexible sprayed concrete so as to meet the requirement of large deformation of a deep soft rock roadway.
The common sprayed concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, gravel and an accelerating agent in a certain mixing ratio, wherein the weight ratio of the cement to the coarse sand to the gravel is 1. The common sprayed concrete has the characteristics of high compressive strength, low tensile strength, high brittleness and the like.
The waste tires are made into rubber particles (powder) with the diameter of ∅ 0.9.9-2.0 mm, and then the rubber particles (powder) are added into common concrete by proper mixing amount (about 150kg/m < 3 >) to form rubber modified concrete which has lower elastic modulus and larger ultimate tensile strain, so that the rubber concrete belongs to flexible concrete and is suitable for larger deformation of surrounding rock of a roadway without cracking, and the rubber concrete has wide application prospect in anchor-jet support of deep roadway nets in China;
the invention utilizes the rubber concrete with lower elastic modulus and larger ultimate tensile strain capacity, and can adapt to larger deformation without cracking. Therefore, the existing common concrete is modified into the flexible concrete, and the flexible concrete is applied to the anchor net and injection combined support of the soft rock roadway at the deep part of the coal mine, so that the cost is saved, the environmental protection is realized, and the green tunneling construction of the soft rock roadway at the deep part can be realized.
(3) The invention uses the common hollow grouting anchor rod to replace the existing grouting steel pipe, is convenient to install on site and realizes pressure grouting; the rod body of the grouting anchor rod is good in neutrality, the full-length wrapping of the rod body after full-length grouting is achieved, the possibility of corrosion of the rod body is avoided, and the purpose of long-term anchoring and supporting is achieved. The common hollow grouting anchor rod is adopted to replace the existing surrounding rock grouting steel pipe during surrounding rock grouting, so that the double functions of the grouting steel pipe and the full-length anchoring anchor rod are achieved, and the anchoring performance of the anchor rod is further improved.
The common hollow grouting anchor rod mainly comprises a hollow anchor rod body, a grout stop plug, a base plate, a nut and an anchor head (drill bit), and can realize the integration of surrounding rock grouting and anchor rod anchoring. The rod body can be anchored after grouting (pressing) slurry for surrounding rocks of the roadway, and partial slurry permeates into cracks around the anchor hole at a certain grouting pressure, so that the surrounding rocks are reinforced.
In summary, aiming at the technical problems of high surrounding rock stress, low surrounding rock strength, large surrounding rock deformation, high supporting cost and the like of the deep soft rock tunnel, the invention provides a construction method of the deep soft rock tunnel with an anchor rod, a steel wire rope net, rubber sprayed concrete and surrounding rock grouting from the aspects of improving the surrounding rock stress state of the tunnel, improving the surrounding rock body strength and changing the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a supporting section in a deep soft rock roadway of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the metal anchor rod in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the structure of the primary wire rope net and the secondary wire rope net in the first rubber concrete layer according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a sectional view of the grouting reinforcement deep soft rock roadway support in the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-4, the deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure comprises two pressure relief grooves 2 arranged on two sides of a roadway bottom plate 1 and a steel wire rope net rubber concrete sprayed layer sprayed on the surface of roadway surrounding rock; the steel wire rope net rubber concrete spraying layer comprises a first rubber concrete layer 3 and a second rubber concrete layer 4 which are sequentially sprayed on the surface of deep roadway surrounding rock, the first rubber concrete layer 3 and the second rubber concrete layer 4 are both made of rubber particles mixed with concrete, the length direction of the roadway is taken as the axial direction, the peripheral direction of the roadway is taken as the circumferential direction, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the roadway surrounding rock is taken as the radial direction, a plurality of rows of metal anchor rod layers are arranged in a rock stratum deep at the periphery of the roadway and are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the roadway, each row of metal anchor rod layers comprise a plurality of metal anchor rods 5 which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the roadway, each metal anchor rod 5 is arranged along the radial direction of the roadway, a tray 6 which is compacted with the first rubber concrete layer 3 is fixed at the anchor tail end of each metal anchor rod 5 through a nut, and the tray 6 is compacted with the first rubber concrete layer 3; the anchor tail ends of two adjacent metal anchor rods 5 are connected through main steel wire ropes 7, main steel wire ropes are formed among all the main steel wire ropes 7, two adjacent main steel wire ropes 7 are connected through auxiliary steel wire ropes 8, and auxiliary steel wire ropes are formed among all the auxiliary steel wire ropes 8;
the two pressure relief grooves 2 are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the roadway bottom plate 1.
The thickness of the first rubber concrete layer 3 is 80mm and the thickness of the second rubber concrete layer 4 is 120mm.
The distance between the anchor tail ends of two adjacent metal anchor rods 5 is 700mm, the metal anchor rods 5 are made of deformed steel bars, the diameter ∅ of the deformed steel bars is 22mm, and the length of the deformed steel bars is 2400mm.
The cross-sectional shape of the pressure relief groove 2 is rectangular, and the width of the rectangular cross-section of the pressure relief groove 2 is 800mm and the depth is 2000mm.
The construction method of the deep tunnel steel wire rope net rubber sprayed concrete supporting structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Adopting a smooth blasting method to construct a roadway to form a rough section of the deep soft rock roadway;
(2) Preparing rubber concrete: preparing the waste tires into rubber particles with the diameter of ∅ 0.9.9-2.0 mm, and then doping the rubber particles into a concrete admixture to form the rubber concrete admixture;
(3) Performing primary rubber concrete spraying on the roadway surrounding rock to form a first rubber concrete layer 3, wherein the thickness of the first rubber concrete layer 3 is 80mm;
(4) 5 layers of metal anchor rods are constructed in sequence along the axial direction of the roadway: drilling an anchor rod hole along the radial direction of the roadway, then putting a resin anchoring agent into the anchor rod hole opening, sending the metal anchor rod 5 and the anchoring agent at the front end into the anchor rod hole bottom together by using an anchor rod drilling machine and rotating, anchoring the rod body of the metal anchor rod 5 by using the resin anchoring agent, and installing and pressing the anchor tail end of the metal anchor rod 5 on the first rubber concrete layer 3 through the tray 6;
(5) The tail ends of two metal anchor rods 5 which are adjacent side by side are connected through a main steel wire rope 7, the two main steel wire ropes 7 which are adjacent side by side are connected through an auxiliary steel wire rope 8, wherein part of the auxiliary steel wire rope 8 is arranged along the annular direction of the roadway, and part of the auxiliary steel wire rope 8 is arranged along the axial direction of the roadway;
(6) Spraying a second rubber concrete layer 4 on the outer surface of the first rubber concrete layer 3, wherein the thickness of the second rubber concrete layer 4 is 120mm;
(7) Digging two pressure relief grooves 2: respectively digging a strip-shaped pressure relief groove 2 at the left side and the right side of a bottom plate 1 of the roadway by using pneumatic picks along the axial direction of the roadway, wherein the pressure relief groove 2 takes the boundary line of one side wall of the roadway as a symmetrical line, the cross section of the pressure relief groove 2 is rectangular, the depth of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove 2 is 2000mm, and the width of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove 2 is 800mm;
(8) After the pressure relief grooves 2 are excavated, the surrounding rocks of the roadway deform, and after the pressure relief of the surrounding rocks is carried out for 10 to 15 days, the two pressure relief grooves 2 are filled and tamped with common sprayed concrete;
(9) After the pressure of the roadway bottom plate 1 is relieved, the roadway surrounding rock and the bottom plate 1 are grouted and reinforced by utilizing a hollow grouting anchor rod.
In the step (9), the grouting method of the roadway surrounding rock by using the grouting anchor rod comprises the following steps:
a) The method comprises the steps of drilling shallow grouting holes along the radial direction of roadway surrounding rock, enabling the depth of each shallow grouting hole to be 2000-2500 mm, enabling the distance between every two adjacent shallow grouting holes to be 1500mm, inserting a shallow grouting anchor rod into each shallow grouting hole, enabling the shallow grouting anchor rod to be of a hollow structure, enabling the diameter of each shallow grouting anchor rod to be ∅ mm, enabling the length of each shallow grouting anchor rod to be 1800mm, and performing shallow surrounding rock grouting on the shallow grouting holes through the shallow grouting anchor rods;
b) The deep grouting hole is drilled along the radial direction of the roadway surrounding rock, the hole depth of the deep grouting hole is 2500-3500 mm, the distance between two adjacent deep grouting holes is 1500mm, the deep grouting anchor rod is inserted into the deep grouting hole and is of a hollow structure, the diameter of the deep grouting anchor rod is ∅ mm, the length of the deep grouting anchor rod is 2200mm, and deep surrounding rock grouting is performed on the deep grouting hole through the deep grouting anchor rod.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Deep tunnel wire rope net rubber shotcrete supporting construction, its characterized in that: the device comprises two pressure relief grooves arranged on two sides of a roadway bottom plate and a steel wire rope net rubber concrete spray layer sprayed on the surface of roadway surrounding rock; the steel wire rope net rubber concrete spraying layer comprises a first rubber concrete layer and a second rubber concrete layer which are sequentially sprayed on the surface of the deep roadway surrounding rock, the first rubber concrete layer and the second rubber concrete layer are both made of rubber particles mixed with concrete, the length direction of the roadway is taken as the axial direction, the peripheral direction of the roadway is taken as the circumferential direction, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the roadway surrounding rock is taken as the radial direction, a plurality of rows of metal anchor rod layers are arranged in a rock stratum at the deep periphery of the roadway and are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the roadway, each row of metal anchor rod layers comprise a plurality of metal anchor rods which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the roadway, each metal anchor rod is arranged along the radial direction of the roadway, and a tray which is compacted with the first rubber concrete layer is fixed at the anchor tail end of each metal anchor rod through a nut; the anchor tail ends of two adjacent metal anchor rods are connected through main steel wire ropes, main steel wire ropes are formed among all the main steel wire ropes, two adjacent main steel wire ropes are connected through auxiliary steel wire ropes, and auxiliary steel wire ropes are formed among all the auxiliary steel wire ropes;
the two pressure relief grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the roadway bottom plate;
the thickness of the first rubber concrete layer is 80mm, and the thickness of the second rubber concrete layer is 120mm;
the distance between the anchor tail ends of two adjacent metal anchor rods is 700mm, the metal anchor rods are made of deformed steel bars, the diameter of each deformed steel bar is ∅ mm, and the length of each deformed steel bar is 2400mm.
2. The deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber-shotcrete supporting structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the pressure relief groove is rectangular, the width of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 800mm, and the depth of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 2000mm.
3. The construction method of the deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber-shotcrete supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adopting a smooth blasting method to construct a roadway to form a rough section of the deep soft rock roadway;
(2) Preparing rubber concrete: preparing the waste tires into rubber particles with the diameter of ∅ 0.9.9-2.0 mm, and then doping the rubber particles into a concrete admixture to form the rubber concrete admixture;
(3) Primarily spraying rubber concrete to the roadway surrounding rock to form a first rubber concrete layer, wherein the thickness of the first rubber concrete layer is 80mm;
(4) The axial direction along the tunnel is under construction metal stock layer in proper order: drilling an anchor rod hole along the radial direction of the roadway, then putting a resin anchoring agent into the hole opening of the anchor rod, sending the metal anchor rod and the anchoring agent at the front end into the hole bottom of the anchor rod together by using an anchor rod drilling machine and rotating, anchoring the rod body of the metal anchor rod by using the resin anchoring agent, and installing and pressing the anchor tail end of the metal anchor rod on the first rubber concrete layer through a tray;
(5) Connecting the anchor tail ends of two metal anchor rods which are adjacent side by side through main steel wire ropes, and connecting the two main steel wire ropes which are adjacent side by side through auxiliary steel wire ropes, wherein part of the auxiliary steel wire ropes are arranged along the annular direction of the roadway, and part of the auxiliary steel wire ropes are arranged along the axial direction of the roadway;
(6) Spraying a second rubber concrete layer on the outer surface of the first rubber concrete layer, wherein the thickness of the second rubber concrete layer is 120mm;
(7) Digging two pressure relief grooves: respectively digging a strip-shaped pressure relief groove at the left side and the right side of a bottom plate of the roadway by using pneumatic picks along the axial direction of the roadway, wherein the pressure relief groove takes the boundary line of one side wall of the roadway as a symmetrical line, the cross section of the pressure relief groove is rectangular, the depth of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 2000mm, and the width of the rectangular cross section of the pressure relief groove is 800mm;
(8) After the pressure relief grooves are excavated, the surrounding rocks of the roadway deform, and after the pressure of the surrounding rocks is relieved within 10 to 15 days, the two pressure relief grooves are filled with concrete by using common sprayed concrete;
(9) And after the pressure of the roadway bottom plate is relieved, grouting and reinforcing the roadway surrounding rock and the bottom plate by using the hollow grouting anchor rod.
4. The construction method of the deep roadway steel wire rope net rubber-shotcrete supporting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (9), the grouting method of the roadway surrounding rock by using the grouting anchor rod comprises the following steps:
a) Shallow grouting holes are drilled along the radial direction of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the hole depth of each shallow grouting hole is 2000-2500 mm, and the distance between every two adjacent shallow grouting holes in parallel is 1500mm; inserting a shallow grouting anchor rod into a shallow grouting hole, wherein the shallow grouting anchor rod is of a hollow structure, the diameter of the shallow grouting anchor rod is ∅ mm, the length of the shallow grouting anchor rod is 1800mm, and shallow surrounding rock grouting is performed on the shallow grouting hole through the shallow grouting anchor rod;
b) Drilling deep grouting holes along the radial direction of the surrounding rock of the roadway, wherein the hole depth of each deep grouting hole is 2500-3500 mm, and the distance between every two adjacent deep grouting holes in parallel is 1500mm; and inserting a deep grouting anchor rod into the deep grouting hole, wherein the deep grouting anchor rod is of a hollow structure, the diameter of the deep grouting anchor rod is ∅ mm, the length of the deep grouting anchor rod is 2200mm, and deep surrounding rock grouting is performed on the deep grouting hole through the deep grouting anchor rod.
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| CN109765108B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2024-05-07 | 山东科技大学 | Anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for combined body simulation surrounding rock |
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| CN110159311B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2024-07-09 | 济宁学院 | Concrete spraying and anchoring device for roadway support |
| CN112228101B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-01-10 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Roadway support forming method and system based on spraying |
| CN113863951B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2024-02-09 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司八矿 | Large-section roadway support technology based on superposition dynamic pressing |
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