CN107244312A - Electrical changing station and controller for electric consumption, method are changed in order - Google Patents
Electrical changing station and controller for electric consumption, method are changed in order Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
Change controller for electric consumption, method the present invention relates to electrical changing station and in order, what methods described included obtaining electric automobile in special time period changes electric request；According to the electricity computational methods that energy battery is respectively carried in default each default subdivision period electrical changing station, based on default constraints and default optimization aim, the optimal electricity that changes is generated using heuritic approach and asks allocative decision.Compared with prior art, the present invention is provided electrical changing station and change controller for electric consumption, method in order, can control electric automobile to carry out dynamic battery changing in an orderly manner, reduce grid loss and load impact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile battery replacement, in particular to a battery replacement station and an orderly battery replacement control device and method.
Background
The power station is an energy station for providing charging and quick replacement of the power battery for the power battery of the electric automobile, can realize quick energy supplement of the electric automobile, and can also use the replaced power battery as an energy storage node. However, the power conversion requirement of the electric automobile has uncertainty of time and space, and when a large number of electric automobiles enter a power conversion station to perform disordered power conversion, the charging load value of a large-scale power conversion battery is very high, so that great impact is caused on a power grid, and the difficulty in operation control of the power grid is increased. Meanwhile, the normal operation of the power change station can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, namely to solve the technical problem that the disordered battery replacement mode of the electric vehicle affects the normal operation of a battery replacement station and a power grid, the invention provides a method and a device for controlling the orderly battery replacement, and also provides the battery replacement station comprising the device for controlling the orderly battery replacement.
In a first aspect, a technical solution of an ordered battery replacement control method in the present invention is:
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a battery replacement request of the electric automobile within a specific time period;
generating an optimal power conversion request distribution scheme by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on preset constraint conditions and preset optimization targets according to a preset power calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in each preset subdivision time period power conversion station;
wherein:
the power change request comprises set latest power change time and a lower limit of electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery expected to be changed;
each preset subdivision time period is each time period which divides the specific time period according to the set time period duration;
the electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in the power change station is a method for calculating the states of all energy-carrying batteries of the power change station in the current subdivision time according to the states of all the energy-carrying batteries in the power change station in the previous subdivision time and the charging multiplying power of each charging station;
the power conversion request distribution scheme comprises the distributed power conversion request distribution power conversion time, the charging stations of the distributed energy-carrying batteries and the charging multiplying power of each charging station in each preset subdivision time.
Further, a preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the heuristic algorithm comprises a Monte Carlo tree search method, a particle swarm algorithm, a genetic algorithm or a simulated annealing algorithm.
Further, a preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the electric quantity calculation method of each energy carrying battery in the power change station comprises the following steps:
when the power change station does not change power at the time t in the specific time period, the power calculation formula of each energy carrying battery is as follows:
therein, SOCb(t) is the state of charge of the energy-carrying battery at the b th charging station at time t; SOCb(t-1) is the charge state of the energy-carrying battery on the b-th charging station at the time of t-1; rc (Rc)b(t-1) is the charging multiplying power of the b-th charging station at the time of t-1, b is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to No _ bat, and t is more than or equal to 1; delta t is the variation time interval of the charging multiplying power;
when the power change station changes power at the time t in the specific time period, the power calculation formula of each energy carrying battery is as follows:
wherein, swapreq(n).SOCemptyThe charge state of the energy-carrying battery replaced from the electric automobile after the nth battery replacement request is met in a specific time period, wherein n is more than or equal to 1; j is the b-th diagonal element of 0A unit diagonal matrix with the remaining diagonal elements being 1; j' is a unit diagonal matrix with b diagonal elements 1 and the remaining diagonal elements 0.
Further, a preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the preset optimization target is a single optimization target GsOr combined optimization target Gc(ii) a Wherein the combined optimization objective comprises a plurality of single optimization objectives, the combined optimization objective GcAs shown in the following formula:
Gc＝w1G1s+...wiGis...+wmGms
wherein, G isisOptimizing a target G for a combinationcThe ith single optimization objective of (1), said wiFor the single optimization goal GisThe weight of (c).
Further, a preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the single optimization target is the latest power swapping time contained in the power swapping request and the time difference value of the power swapping time allocated by the power swapping request corresponding to the power swapping request is the maximum; or,
the single optimization target is that the SOC margin of the distributed energy-carrying battery in the battery replacement request distribution scheme is the maximum; or,
the single optimization target is that the load curve variance of the power grid is minimum after the electric vehicle replaced energy-carrying battery is charged by the electric power station.
Further, a preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the preset constraint conditions comprise the latest power change time, the lower limit of the electric quantity of the expected replacement energy-carrying battery and the constraint conditions of the charging multiplying power.
Further, a preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the charge rate constraint condition is shown as the following formula:
wherein, the Rc isb(t) the battery charging rate corresponding to the b-th charging station at the time t of the specific time period, wherein b is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to No _ bat, the No _ bat is the total number of the charging stations, and t is more than or equal to 1;
b isCCapacity of the energy-carrying battery; the Rpower is a preset rated power; the Rc isthA battery charge rate threshold is preset.
In a second aspect, a technical solution of the sequential battery replacement control device in the present invention is:
the device comprises:
the battery swapping request acquisition module is configured to acquire a battery swapping request of the electric automobile within a specific time period;
the power conversion request distribution scheme generation module is configured to generate an optimal power conversion request distribution scheme by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on preset constraint conditions and preset optimization targets according to preset electric quantity calculation methods of all energy carrying batteries in each preset subdivision time period power conversion station;
wherein:
the power change request comprises set latest power change time and a lower limit of electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery expected to be changed;
each preset subdivision time period is each time period which divides the specific time period according to the set time period duration;
the electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in the power change station is a method for calculating the states of all energy-carrying batteries of the power change station in the current subdivision time according to the states of all the energy-carrying batteries in the power change station in the previous subdivision time and the charging multiplying power of each charging station;
the power conversion request distribution scheme comprises the distributed power conversion request distribution power conversion time, the charging stations of the distributed energy-carrying batteries and the charging multiplying power of each charging station in each preset subdivision time.
In a third aspect, a technical solution of the sequential battery replacement control device in the present invention is:
the device comprises:
a processor for executing instructions;
a storage device to store a plurality of instructions; the instruction is suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing each step in the sequential battery swapping control method in the technical scheme.
In a fourth aspect, a technical solution of the power swapping station in the present invention is:
the power changing station comprises a power battery changing system, and the power battery changing system comprises the orderly power changing control device in the technical scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the ordered power change control method provided by the invention, an optimal power change request distribution scheme is generated by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on preset constraint conditions and preset optimization targets according to the preset electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in each preset subdivided time period power change station, so that disordered charging behaviors such as simultaneous power change of large-scale electric vehicles and the like can be avoided.
2. According to the ordered power change control device provided by the invention, the power change request distribution scheme generation module can generate an optimal power change request distribution scheme by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on a preset constraint condition and a preset optimization target according to the preset electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in each preset subdivided time period power change station, so that the ordered power change of the electric automobile is realized.
3. According to another sequential battery replacement control device provided by the invention, the processor can execute the steps of the sequential battery replacement control method, and the implementation and the application of the sequential battery replacement control method are facilitated.
4. The power changing station comprises the sequential power changing control device in the technical scheme, and can be used for sequentially changing the power of an electric automobile entering the power changing station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of a sequential battery swap control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an orderly power switching control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 11: a battery swapping request acquisition module; 12: and a power conversion request distribution scheme generation module.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The power switching station performs out-of-order power switching on large-scale electric automobiles, so that the design margin in aspects of rated power, occupied area and the like in the planning process of the power switching station and the operation management capacity of the power switching station are influenced, and large load impact is caused on a power grid. Therefore, orderly battery replacement of the electric automobile becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of battery replacement of the electric automobile, and certain flexibility exists in consideration of battery replacement requirements of the electric automobile, such as battery replacement time, a charge state of a replaced battery and the like, so that a scheduling space can be provided for the orderly battery replacement of the electric automobile. Based on the above, the invention provides the ordered battery replacement control method, which can maintain the stable operation of the battery replacement station and reduce the load impact of the power grid on the premise of meeting the battery replacement requirement of the electric vehicle. Meanwhile, for the convenience of distinguishing description, the power battery on board the electric vehicle is referred to as a "power battery" herein, and the power battery that is replaced from the electric vehicle for independent charging is referred to as an "energy-carrying battery".
The following describes an orderly power change control method in an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, specifically:
fig. 1 exemplarily shows an implementation flow of the sequential battery replacement control method in this embodiment, and as shown in the figure, the sequential battery replacement of the electric vehicle may be performed according to the following steps:
step S101: and acquiring a battery replacement request of the electric automobile within a specific time period.
The specific time period in this embodiment may be any time period, for example, the specific time period may be 06-18 hours or 00-24 hours of the standard time in china. The battery replacement request of the electric vehicle refers to a battery replacement request initiated by the electric vehicle within a specific time period of a preset area, and may include a set latest battery replacement time and a lower limit of the electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery expected to be replaced. The preset area can be a maximum service area provided by the battery swapping station, that is, electric vehicles in the maximum service area can initiate a battery replacement request to the battery swapping station corresponding to the maximum service area, and power batteries are replaced in the battery swapping station.
Step S102: and generating an optimal power conversion request distribution scheme by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on preset constraint conditions and preset optimization targets according to the preset power calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in each preset subdivision time period power conversion station.
In this embodiment, each preset subdivided period is each time period obtained by dividing the specific time period according to the set time period duration, for example, the set time period duration may be 1min, and the specific time period includes 1440 subdivided periods with a duration of 1min when the specific time period is 00 to 24 hours of the standard time in china.
In this embodiment, the electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery is a method for calculating the states of all energy-carrying batteries of the current subdivision time period power conversion station according to the states of all energy-carrying batteries in the previous subdivision time period power conversion station and the charging rates of all charging stations. The charging station refers to an area for charging the energy-carrying battery, and a charging facility is arranged in the area and can charge the energy-carrying battery. Meanwhile, one or more charging stations can be included in the power conversion station.
Specifically, when the power swapping station does not swap power at time t of a specific time period, the power calculation formula of each energy carrying battery is shown in the following formula (1):
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (1) is as follows:
SOCb(t) the state of charge of the energy-carrying battery at the b th charging station in the t th sub-divided period; SOCb(t-1) the state of charge of the energy-loading battery at the b th charging station in the t-1 th subdivision time period; rc (Rc)b(t-1) is the charging multiplying power of the b th charging station in the t-1 th subdivision period, b is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to No _ bat, and t is more than or equal to 1; Δ t is a variation time interval of the charging rate.
When the power conversion station converts the power in the t-th sub-period of the specific time period, the power calculation formula of each energy carrying battery is shown as the following formula (2):
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (2) is as follows:
swapreq(n).SOCemptythe charge state of the energy-carrying battery replaced from the electric automobile after the nth battery replacement request is met in a specific time period, wherein n is more than or equal to 1; j is the firstb unit diagonal matrices with diagonal elements of 0 and the remaining diagonal elements of 1; j' is a unit diagonal matrix with b diagonal elements 1 and the remaining diagonal elements 0. At the moment, the tth subdivision time period is the actual replacement time t of the power battery of the electric automobileswap，SOCbAnd (t-1) is the actual value of the state of charge of the energy-carrying battery replaced on the electric automobile.
In this embodiment, the space state equations shown in the formulas (1) and (2) are used to describe the battery replacement behavior of the electric vehicle occurring in the specific time period of the preset region, that is, the dynamic process of the battery replacement behavior occurring in the specific time period of the battery replacement station.
Further, the preset constraint conditions in this embodiment may include the latest power change time, the lower limit of the electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery expected to be changed, and the charge rate constraint condition.
Wherein:
the latest battery replacement time refers to the latest time for battery replacement of the electric vehicle, which may be represented by the following formula (3):
tswap＜treq_deadline(3)
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (3) is as follows:
tswapactual replacement time, t, of the power battery of the electric vehiclereq_deadlineThe latest power swapping time contained in the power swapping request.
The lower limit of the electric quantity of the expected replacement energy-carrying battery refers to the lowest value of the electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery replaced to the electric automobile, which can be expressed by the following formula (4):
SOCfull＞SOCreq(4)
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (4) is as follows:
SOCfullfor changing to actual value of state of charge, SOC, of energy-carrying battery on electric vehiclereqIncluded for battery swap requestThe lower limit of the electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery is expected to be replaced when the energy-carrying battery on the electric automobile is replaced.
The charging multiplying power constraint condition refers to that the product of the sum of the charging multiplying power of the energy-carrying batteries and the battery capacity of the energy-carrying batteries is not more than the rated power of the power conversion station. Meanwhile, the charging rate of the energy-carrying battery is smaller than a preset charging rate threshold value, and the value of the charging rate is a limited discrete numerical value. Specifically, it can be represented by the following formula (5):
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (5) is as follows:
Rcb(t) the battery charging rate corresponding to the b-th charging station at the time t of the specific time period, wherein b is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to No _ bat, the No _ bat is the total number of the charging stations, and t is more than or equal to 1; b isCCapacity of the energy-carrying battery; rpower is a preset rated power; rc (Rc)thA battery charge rate threshold is preset.
Further, the preset optimization target in this embodiment may be a single optimization target GsThe target G may also be optimized for the combinationc. Wherein the combined optimization objective may include a plurality of single optimization objectives, as shown in the following equation (6):
Gc＝w1G1s+,...,wiGis,...,+wmGms(6)
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (6) is as follows:
Gisoptimizing a target G for a combinationcThe ith single optimization objective of (1), wi is the single optimization objective GisThe weight of (c). Wherein, the weights of any two single optimization targets can be the same or different.
The single optimization objective in this embodiment may be the first optimization objective, the second optimization objective, or the third optimization objective. Accordingly, the combined optimization objective may be a combination of the first optimization objective and the second optimization objective, a combination of the first optimization objective and the third optimization objective, or a combination of the second optimization objective and the third optimization objective.
Wherein:
the first optimization target is that the latest power swapping time contained in the power swapping request and the time difference of the power swapping time allocated by the power swapping request corresponding to the power swapping request are the largest, that is, the average waiting time of the user is the shortest. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first optimization objective may be that a sum of differences between the latest power swapping time included in the multiple power swapping requests and the power swapping time allocated to the power swapping request corresponding to each power swapping request is the largest, which may be shown in the following formula (7):
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (7) is:
tswap_mand treq_deadline_mAnd respectively allocating a power swapping time and the latest power swapping time to the power swapping request corresponding to the mth power swapping request, wherein Sum is the total number of the power swapping requests.
The second optimization target is that the SOC margin of the distributed energy-carrying batteries in the power change request distribution scheme is the maximum. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second optimization objective may be that the sum of the state of charge margins of the energy-carrying batteries allocated in the power swapping request allocation scheme for a plurality of power swapping requests is the largest, which may be shown as the following formula (8):
the meaning of each parameter in the formula (8) is:
Msoc_cc is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to R, R is the charge state margin of the energy-carrying battery of the electric automobileTotal number of energy-carrying batteries of the electric vehicle.
The third optimization target is that the load curve variance of the power grid is minimum after the electric vehicle replaced energy-carrying battery is charged by the electric power station. Specifically, in this embodiment, the third optimization target may be that after the energy-carrying battery replaced by the electric vehicle corresponding to the multiple battery replacement requests is charged, the load curve variance of the power grid is minimum.
In this embodiment, the power swapping request allocation scheme includes the power swapping time allocated by the power swapping request, the charging stations of the allocated energy-carrying batteries, and the charging rates of the charging stations in each preset sub-segment. And the power changing request is distributed to the power changing time, and the power changing time is the actual changing time for changing the power battery of the electric automobile after the power changing request is responded. The charging station of the distributed energy-carrying battery refers to a charging station for charging a replaced battery of the electric automobile.
In this embodiment, for N power swapping requests in a specific time period, the problem complexity of obtaining an optimal power swapping request allocation scheme is MNo_bat× K × N, wherein K is the total number of the subdivided periods in the specific time period, and No _ bat is the total number of the charging stations, for example, when the specific time period is set to be 24 hours in Chinese standard time 00-24, and the time length of each subdivided period is 1 minute, the total number of the subdivided time periods in the specific time period is 60 × 24 1440. meanwhile, when the number of the charging stations No _ bat is set to be 5, the dispersion of the charging rate of each energy-carrying battery is 3, the charging rate of the energy-carrying battery corresponding to 5 charging stations includes 35In summary, when the number N of the power swapping requests is 100, the problem complexity of obtaining the optimal power swapping request allocation scheme is 243 × 1440 × 100 — 34992000, and in the case that the complexity is huge, the efficiency and the accuracy of obtaining the optimal power swapping request allocation scheme are greatly reduced, so in this embodiment, a heuristic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal power swapping request allocation scheme, and specifically, a monte carlo tree search method, a particle swarm algorithm, a genetic algorithm, or a simulated annealing algorithm may be used.
The implementation process of the sequential power swapping control method in this embodiment is described below by taking a monte carlo tree search method as an example. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S201: initializing parameters of a Monte Carlo tree search method, which specifically comprises the following steps: and no power change request of the electric automobile exists at 0 moment in a specific time period, and the output power of charging facilities corresponding to all charging stations in the power change station is 0.
Step S202: and after the first battery replacement request is obtained, starting a Monte Carlo tree search method. Meanwhile, because the power swapping request is the first power swapping request, in the optimal power swapping request allocation scheme: the power swapping time allocated to the allocated power swapping request can be the acquisition time of the power swapping request, namely, the battery of the electric automobile is replaced immediately; the charging rate of the charging station of the distributed energy-carrying battery can be set according to the acceptable charging power of the energy-carrying battery.
Step S203: at a first time after a first battery swapping request is acquired, judging whether a new battery swapping request is received, if so, executing a Monte Carlo tree search method, and determining an optimal battery swapping request allocation scheme, specifically:
1. and (5) selecting.
And starting from the state of the energy-carrying battery in the current power change station, recursively selecting an optimization strategy for optimizing the target on the premise of whether a power change request comes or not until the last moment of a specific time period is reached. The optimal strategy is a power swapping request allocation scheme.
Wherein:
and setting the arrival of the power change request in a specific time period to be in accordance with a specific probability distribution. In a preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment, when the time length included in the specific time period is less than a certain value, that is, at most only one power swapping request occurs in the specific time period, it may be assumed that the probability of the power swapping request occurring at each time in the specific time period all meets the (0,1) binomial distribution with the probability parameter p, that is, the probability of the power swapping request occurring is p, and the probability of the power swapping request not occurring is 1-p.
The states of the energy-carrying batteries in the power change station at different moments can be determined by adopting the electric quantity calculation method of the energy-carrying batteries.
2. And (5) an expanding step.
If the optimization strategy selected in the step is selected, if the objective function of the optimization objective is not made to achieve global optimization, or if some battery swapping requests cannot be met due to the optimization strategy, one or more sub-nodes, namely one or more charging power adjustment methods, are created, and one sub-node C is selected.
3. And (5) simulating.
And starting to run a simulated output result from the child node C, taking the function value of the optimization target corresponding to the output result as the evaluation value of the output result if the output result meets the preset constraint condition, and setting the evaluation value of the output result to be 0 if the output result does not meet the preset constraint condition.
4. And (4) a back propagation step.
And updating the local optimization function values of the father node of the child node C and all ancestor nodes of the child node C in the Monte-Carlo search tree by using the evaluation value of the output result obtained in the simulation step.
And (5) repeatedly executing the steps 1-4 to obtain a final optimization strategy of the optimization target at the current moment and maintain a search tree of which the node has an optimization function value.
Step S204: and (4) continuously determining the final optimization strategy of the optimization targets at all the other moments in the specific time period by adopting the method shown in the step (S203), so that the optimal power change request distribution scheme can be obtained.
Although the foregoing embodiments describe the steps in the above sequential order, those skilled in the art will understand that, in order to achieve the effect of the present embodiments, the steps may not be executed in such an order, and may be executed simultaneously (in parallel) or in an inverse order, and these simple variations are within the scope of the present invention.
Based on the same technical concept as the method embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides an orderly power switching control device. The sequential battery replacement control device is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 exemplarily shows a structure of the sequential battery swapping control apparatus in this embodiment, and as shown in the figure, the sequential battery swapping control apparatus in this embodiment may include a battery swapping request obtaining module 11 and a battery swapping request allocation scheme generating module 12. The battery swapping request obtaining module 11 may be configured to obtain a battery swapping request of an electric vehicle within a specific time period. The swapping request allocation scheme generating module 12 may be configured to generate an optimal swapping request allocation scheme by using a heuristic algorithm based on a preset constraint condition and a preset optimization target according to a preset electric quantity calculation method for each energy-carrying battery in each preset subdivided time period swapping station.
In this embodiment, the power swapping request may include a set latest power swapping time and a lower limit of the electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery to be replaced. Each preset subdivision time period is each time period which divides a specific time period according to the set time period duration. The electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in the power change station is a method for calculating the states of all the energy-carrying batteries of the power change station in the current subdivision time according to the states of all the energy-carrying batteries in the power change station in the previous subdivision time and the charging multiplying power of each charging station. The power conversion request distribution scheme comprises power conversion time distributed by the power conversion request, charging stations of the distributed energy-carrying batteries and charging multiplying power of each charging station in each preset subdivision time.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above described swapping-in-order control device also includes some other known structures such as processors, controllers, memories, etc., wherein the memories include, but are not limited to, random access memories, flash memories, read only memories, programmable read only memories, volatile memories, non-volatile memories, serial memories, parallel memories or registers, etc., and the processors include, but are not limited to, CPLD/FPGAs, DSPs, ARM processors, MIPS processors, etc., and these known structures are not shown in fig. 2 in order to unnecessarily obscure embodiments of the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the number of individual modules in fig. 2 is merely illustrative. The number of modules may be any according to actual needs.
Based on the same technical concept as the method embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides an orderly power conversion control device, which can comprise a processor and a storage device. Wherein the processor may be configured to execute instructions. The storage device may be configured to store a plurality of instructions, and the instructions may be adapted to be loaded by the processor and to execute the steps of the sequential power swapping control method in the foregoing method embodiment.
The storage device and the embodiment of the sequential power swapping control apparatus may be configured to execute the embodiment of the sequential power swapping control method, and the technical principle, the solved technical problems, and the generated technical effects are similar, and it can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process and the related description of the described sequential power swapping control process may refer to the corresponding process in the embodiment of the sequential power swapping control method, and are not described herein again.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Based on the above sequential battery swapping control device, the embodiment of the invention further provides a battery swapping station. Specifically, the power conversion station in this embodiment includes a power battery replacement system, and the power battery replacement system may include the ordered power conversion control device described in the above device embodiment. In this embodiment, the orderly power change control device can realize that the power change station can orderly change the power of the electric automobile, and reduce the power grid loss and the load impact.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present invention, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The various component embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some or all of the components in a server, client, or the like, according to embodiments of the present invention. The present invention may also be embodied as an apparatus or device program (e.g., PC program and PC program product) for carrying out a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such a program implementing the invention may be stored on a PC readable medium or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website or provided on a carrier signal or in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed PC. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sequential battery replacement control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a battery replacement request of the electric automobile within a specific time period;
generating an optimal power conversion request distribution scheme by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on preset constraint conditions and preset optimization targets according to a preset power calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in each preset subdivision time period power conversion station;
wherein:
the power change request comprises set latest power change time and a lower limit of electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery expected to be changed;
each preset subdivision time period is each time period which divides the specific time period according to the set time period duration;
the electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in the power change station is a method for calculating the states of all energy-carrying batteries of the power change station in the current subdivision time according to the states of all the energy-carrying batteries in the power change station in the previous subdivision time and the charging multiplying power of each charging station;
the power conversion request distribution scheme comprises the distributed power conversion request distribution power conversion time, the charging stations of the distributed energy-carrying batteries and the charging multiplying power of each charging station in each preset subdivision time.
2. The sequential battery replacement control method according to claim 1,
the heuristic algorithm comprises a Monte Carlo tree search method, a particle swarm algorithm, a genetic algorithm or a simulated annealing algorithm.
3. The ordered battery swapping control method according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the electric quantity of each energy-carrying battery in the battery swapping station comprises the following steps:
when the power change station does not change power at the time t in the specific time period, the power calculation formula of each energy carrying battery is as follows:
<mrow> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mrow>
therein, SOCb(t) is the state of charge of the energy-carrying battery at the b th charging station at time t; SOCb(t-1) is the charge state of the energy-carrying battery on the b-th charging station at the time of t-1; rc (Rc)b(t-1) is the charging multiplying power of the b-th charging station at the time of t-1, b is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to No _ bat, and t is more than or equal to 1; delta t is the variation time interval of the charging multiplying power;
when the power change station changes power at the time t in the specific time period, the power calculation formula of each energy carrying battery is as follows:
<mfenced open = "" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>J</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>swap</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>.</mo> <msub> <mi>SOC</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>&times;</mo> <msup> <mi>J</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>
wherein, swapreq(n).SOCemptyThe charge state of the energy-carrying battery replaced from the electric automobile after the nth battery replacement request is met in a specific time period, wherein n is more than or equal to 1; j is a unit diagonal matrix with the b-th diagonal element being 0 and the remaining diagonal elements being 1; j' is a unit diagonal matrix with b diagonal elements 1 and the remaining diagonal elements 0.
4. The sequential battery change control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the preset optimization target is a single optimization target GsOr combined optimization target Gc(ii) a Wherein the combined optimization objective comprises a plurality of single optimization objectives, the combined optimization objective GcAs shown in the following formula:
Gc＝w1G1s+...wiGis...+wmGms
wherein, G isisOptimizing a target G for a combinationcThe ith single optimization objective of (1), said wiFor the single optimization goal GisThe weight of (c).
5. The sequential battery replacement control method according to claim 4,
the single optimization target is the latest power swapping time contained in the power swapping request and the time difference value of the power swapping time allocated by the power swapping request corresponding to the power swapping request is the maximum; or,
the single optimization target is that the SOC margin of the distributed energy-carrying battery in the battery replacement request distribution scheme is the maximum; or,
the single optimization target is that the load curve variance of the power grid is minimum after the electric vehicle replaced energy-carrying battery is charged by the electric power station.
6. The sequential battery change control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the preset constraint conditions comprise the latest power change time, the lower limit of the electric quantity of the expected replacement energy-carrying battery and the constraint conditions of the charging multiplying power.
7. The sequential battery replacement control method according to claim 6,
the charge rate constraint condition is shown as the following formula:
<mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mrow> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>C</mi> </msub> <mo>&le;</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&le;</mo> <msub> <mi>Rc</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>2
wherein, the Rc isb(t) the battery charging rate corresponding to the b-th charging station at the time t of the specific time period, wherein b is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to No _ bat, the No _ bat is the total number of the charging stations, and t is more than or equal to 1;
b isCCapacity of the energy-carrying battery; the Rpower is a preset rated power; the Rc isthA battery charge rate threshold is preset.
8. The orderly power change control device is characterized by comprising:
the battery swapping request acquisition module is configured to acquire a battery swapping request of the electric automobile within a specific time period;
the power conversion request distribution scheme generation module is configured to generate an optimal power conversion request distribution scheme by adopting a heuristic algorithm based on preset constraint conditions and preset optimization targets according to preset electric quantity calculation methods of all energy carrying batteries in each preset subdivision time period power conversion station;
wherein:
the power change request comprises set latest power change time and a lower limit of electric quantity of the energy-carrying battery expected to be changed;
each preset subdivision time period is each time period which divides the specific time period according to the set time period duration;
the electric quantity calculation method of each energy-carrying battery in the power change station is a method for calculating the states of all energy-carrying batteries of the power change station in the current subdivision time according to the states of all the energy-carrying batteries in the power change station in the previous subdivision time and the charging multiplying power of each charging station;
the power conversion request distribution scheme comprises the distributed power conversion request distribution power conversion time, the charging stations of the distributed energy-carrying batteries and the charging multiplying power of each charging station in each preset subdivision time.
9. The orderly power change control device is characterized by comprising:
a processor for executing instructions;
a storage device to store a plurality of instructions; the instructions are adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the steps of the sequential power swapping control method as claimed in claims 1-7.
10. A power change station comprising a power battery change system, wherein the power battery change system comprises the ordered power change control device of claim 8 or 9.
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| WO2023028873A1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-09 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery swapping method, apparatus and system, and device and medium |
| KR20230035195A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-13 | 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 씨오., 리미티드 | Battery replacement methods, devices, systems, devices and media |
| KR102644595B1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2024-03-08 | 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 씨오., 리미티드 | Battery replacement methods, devices, systems, devices and media |
| US12090885B2 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2024-09-17 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery swapping method, apparatus, system, device and medium |
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| CN107244312B (en) | 2019-11-26 |
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