CN107240930A - One kind is based on double-fed type wind generator system - Google Patents
One kind is based on double-fed type wind generator system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107240930A CN107240930A CN201710460950.6A CN201710460950A CN107240930A CN 107240930 A CN107240930 A CN 107240930A CN 201710460950 A CN201710460950 A CN 201710460950A CN 107240930 A CN107240930 A CN 107240930A
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Classifications
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- H02J3/386—
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
- F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is based on double-fed type wind generator system to be a kind of, including wind energy conversion system, described wind energy conversion system one end connects gearbox, wind energy conversion system to the wind energy that is collected into is handled wind energy collecting and by gearbox using pneumatic equipment bladess, it is then fed into double-fed type generator, the mechanical energy that wind energy is acted on generator amature, the blade torque of absorption is converted to the machine torque acted on generator amature, pass through the rotation of double-fed type generator amature, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy, the electric energy of gained is inputted into power network after rotor-side pwm converter and grid side pwm converter are handled, double-fed type wind generator system is based on the invention provides one kind, it is a kind of intelligent, modularization, the device of mechanization, double-fed type generator is incorporated to after SVG compensation devices, under different wind speed, double-fed type generator connecting in parallel with system point voltage stabilization, ultracapacitor and batteries are applied in combination, extend the service life of batteries.
Description
Technical field
Double-fed type wind generator system is based on the present invention relates to wind power generation field, more particularly to one kind.
Background technology
Wind-power electricity generation is the extensive effective way using clean energy resource, because it is mitigating environmental pollution, is improving the energy
Structure, outstanding role in terms of residential electricity consumption from far-off regions is solved the problems, such as, increasingly paid attention to by countries in the world.In recent years
Come, wind generating technology achieves significant progress and development, the wind power plant of extensive, Large Copacity is thrown in succession all over the world
Production.But because the power output of Wind turbines is mainly influenceed by many-sides such as wind speed, air pressure, temperature, therefore often fluctuate.
When wind power integration capacity reaches certain proportion, the stable operation to power system is brought one by the random fluctuation of its power output
A little negative effects, such as frequency is unstable, voltage flicker and fall, harmonic pollution, particularly when system reserve capacity is not enough,
Influence is more obvious.
The energy and environment are mankind nowadays survival and development pressing problems to be solved, to the exploitation profit of regenerative resource
With particularly being paid much attention to by countries in the world to the exploitation of wind energy, double-fed wind power generator control technology is also
Through more ripe.But wind energy is different from conventional energy resource, with randomness, therefore, large-scale wind-electricity integration can be caused to power network
Adverse effect, and difficulty can be brought to Power Grid Dispatching Work.In recent years, the harm brought for reducing wind energy randomness is carried out
Many researchs, the constantly improve of energy storage device performance also provides more powerful hardware to stabilize output power of wind power generation
Support.
Double-feedback aerogenerator is the imagination by British scholar, on the basis of Self-cascading leads generator research and development, by
Gradually research and develop, double-fed type generator has structural similarity with wound asynchronous motor, because stator, rotor two parts can be presented
Go out, feed-in electric energy, so referred to as double-fed.In addition, because double-fed type generator utilizes rotor formation exchange, therefore, double-fed type hair
Motor, which is called, does ac excited generator.Double-feedback aerogenerator, double-fed refers mainly to motor stator, rotor, can complete electricity
Power is supplied.Typically, double-fed type generator is by terminal box, rotor, stator, cooling system, slip ring system and drive mechanism
Constitute.Rotor structure is generally scattered embedding winding, half-coil and constituted with shaping winding.Slip ring system includes slip-ring seat, maintaining cover, carbon
Brush, fan etc. are constituted, slip ring epoxy pouring type, thermal sleeve type, and cooling system includes water-cooled and air-cooled mode.From certain
From the point of view of property, double-fed type generator belongs to asynchronous system generator scope, this kind of generator have the excitation of synchronous mode generator around
Group, is generally used for power factor (PF), the regulation and control of excitation process, so double-fed type generator has asynchronous, synchronous two kinds of advantages.For
Double-fed type generator unit stator is intimate, there is being uniformly distributed for same shape groove, is mainly used for being embedded in stator winding, passes through stator
Three-phase current, produces certain rotating excitation field.In the rotor, using embedded insulated conductor, three-phase windings can be constituted.Draw on rotor
Go out triple line, reconnect the collector ring of rotating shaft, drawn by brush.Typically, stator and common frequency power network can be directly connected to,
Rotor is connected by converter with power network, in order to the AC excitation of rotor.Meanwhile, the cost of double-fed type generator is relatively low, body
Product it is smaller, regulative mode be inactivity adjust, and anti-electromagnetism interference performance by force, with it is simple and easy to do the characteristics of.Generator is encouraged
Magnetic process and supply network are not contacted directly, and residing circuit can be done directly by rotor.So double-fed type generator is defeated
Go out energy relatively stable, in the course of the work, larger fluctuating range will not generally occur for power network.Double-fed type generator system profit
With the control of motor excitation process, operating condition, power factor (PF) can be accurately and quickly adjusted.In addition, changing for wind-force
Influence, double-fed type generator adaptability is stronger, can keep stable fan-out capability.
Superconducting energy storage is connected on the dc bus of wind power plant, then by controlling converters to be connected guarantor with power network
Demonstrate,prove grid-connected power steady.Using super capacitor energy-storage come steady wind power plant output-power fluctuation.The class method of the above one is all
Energy storage device is connected in parallel in the public grid entry point of wind power equipment (PCC) by converters, output port is collected
Middle compensation, can ensure that grid entry point power output is steady well.But there is also following deficiency for this compensation way：1. energy storage
Device and each wind generator system are relatively independent systems, need a upper strata EMS to enter in compensation process
Row is uniformly coordinated control, so as to add control complexity, influences the dynamic response of system；2. the compensation model of this concentrated
Once in the case of energy storage device failure, each generator unit can not all work on demand, so as to reduce the reliability of system；
3. for increased energy storage device, it is necessary to by the access power system of powerful DC/AC converters, add whole system
Cost.
The content of the invention
Double-fed type wind generator system is based on the invention discloses one kind, is a kind of intellectuality, modularization, the dress of mechanization
Put, double-fed type generator is incorporated to after SVG compensation devices, under different wind speed, double-fed type generator connecting in parallel with system point voltage stabilization will be stored up
Energy system is added in the dc bus of back-to-back converter, restrained effectively wind generator system caused by wind speed randomization simultaneously
Being applied in combination for the fluctuation of site power output, ultracapacitor and batteries, extends the service life of batteries, gram
Discharge and recharge is excessively frequently not enough when having taken batteries isolated operation.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, including wind energy conversion system, the wind energy conversion system one
End connection gearbox, wind energy conversion system is using pneumatic equipment bladess by wind energy collecting and by gearbox at the wind energy that is collected into
Reason, is then fed into double-fed type generator, the mechanical energy that wind energy is acted on generator amature, and the blade torque of absorption is turned
The machine torque acted on generator amature is changed to, by the rotation of double-fed type generator amature, mechanical energy is converted into electricity
Can, the electric energy of gained is inputted into power network after rotor-side pwm converter and grid side pwm converter are handled；
The rotor-side pwm converter and grid side pwm converter be back-to-back converter, rotor-side pwm converter and
Energy storage device is provided between grid side pwm converter, is exchanged between grid side pwm converter control energy storage device and power network
Active power, the fluctuation of engine end stator active power of output caused by compensation mechanical power fluctuations；
The grid side pwm converter side is provided with SVG compensation devices, and grid side pwm converter is used as static reacance
During generator, grid side pwm converter is controlled by SVG compensation devices, and SVG compensation devices are mainly used for stablizing the section of grid entry point
The capacitance voltage of point voltage and DC side；
The energy storage device is in parallel with DC/DC converters, and DC/DC converters are controlled by the trigger pulse of capacitor
System.
Further, the SVG compensation devices use Direct Current Control, and introduce synchronous sit based on Instantaneous Power Theory
Dq shaft current control methods after mark conversion, SVG compensation devices include outer voltage control system, pi regulator, DC side electricity
Container and current inner loop control system, the outer voltage control system are by the reference signal U of the voltage of SVG grid entry pointsPCCref
With actual value UPCCDifference be transformed into a referenced reactive current reference signal by a pi regulator, by DC bus capacitor
The reference value U of device both end voltageDCrefWith actual value UDCMore afterwards another watt current instruction references is transformed into through pi regulator
Signal, the stabilization for realizing SVG grid entry points voltage and capacitor voltage at both ends value, the current inner loop control system is by reality
The current feedback values of border sampling, into after dq shaft currents, are entered by Synchronous Reference Frame Transform with the active reactive current reference signal of outer shroud
Row compares, and after being converted by pi regulator, generation pwm control signal is compared with triangle carrier signal, for controlling SVG to mend
The break-make of device switching tube is repaid, feedback control directly is carried out to current value, the DAZ gene control of interior circular current, control is realized
The essence of circuit is, by controlling to adjust the voltage of SVG grid entry points and the size of alternating current and phase difference, to be sent to change SVG
Or idle size is absorbed, realize to grid entry point reactive-load dynamic compensation.
Further, the external ultracapacitor of DC/DC converters, ultracapacitor passes through DC/DC converters and storage
Can device be connected, ultracapacitor realizes Power Exchange by the grid side pwm converter of double-fed type generator and power network, surpasses
The main dutycycle by adjusting DC/DC converter trigger signals of charge-discharge electric power control of level capacitor is realized.
Further, the grid side pwm converter is in parallel with batteries, and grid side pwm converter passes through battery
The trigger pulse of control system is controlled, and batteries carry out low-frequency compensation to grid side pwm converter.
Further, the ultracapacitor and batteries are mixed into sector-style force generating system power and stabilized, battery
During the whole power of group is stabilized charging and discharging state only once switches, it is to avoid discharge and recharge is excessively during batteries isolated operation
It is frequently not enough.
Further, the lateral stator side of double-fed type generator rotor in stable state provides slip power, using maximal wind-energy
During Tracking Control Strategy, stator side power output PsIt is represented by
In formula：ρ is atmospheric density, SwFor wind sweeping area, R is paddle radius, λoptFor optimum tip-speed ratio, cpmaxFor maximum
Power coefficient, ω r are generator amature angular rate, npFor power generator electrode logarithm, N is gear ratio, PcusFor stator
Copper loss.
Under maximal wind-power tracking control, the total electromagnetic power P of double-fed type generatoreIt is represented by：
Define virtual wind speed
Then PeIt can be simplified shown as
In double-fed type generator operation, it is only necessary to detect the real-time angular speed of rotor, then can calculate virtual wind
Speed, and then draw the real-time electromagnetic power of double-fed type generator.
Further, the machine torque T of the wind energy conversion systemwWith wind speed VwRelation can be expressed as：
In formula：β is the propeller pitch angle of paddle, and ρ is atmospheric density, and R is paddle radius, CpFor power coefficient, blade tip speed
Than λ=ωmR/Vw, ωmIt is the mechanical separator speed of pneumatic equipment bladess.
Further, the propeller pitch angle β is controlled by award setting system, award setting system refer to by
Control technology and dynamical system change the size of generator wheel hub blade pitch angle beta, so as to change the aerodynamic characteristic of blade, control
The power output of double-fed type generator.
A kind of advantage based on double-fed type wind generator system that the present invention is provided is：It is based on the invention provides one kind
Double-fed type wind generator system, is a kind of intellectuality, modularization, the device of mechanization, and double-fed type generator is incorporated to SVG compensation dresses
Postpone, under different wind speed, double-fed type generator connecting in parallel with system point voltage stabilization, system node voltage deviation is small, and its effect exists
More obvious when wind speed is larger, being incorporated to for SVG compensation devices reduces via net loss to a certain extent, it is suppressed that wind speed is larger
When because of the unstable phenomenon that System Reactive Power demand is excessive and produces, in the dc bus that energy-storage system is added to back-to-back converter,
And power control strategy is implemented to back-to-back converter, it restrained effectively wind generator system caused by wind speed randomization grid-connected
Being applied in combination for the fluctuation of point output power, ultracapacitor and batteries, not only solves ultracapacitor and is mended in system
Power limited conditions in repaying, and batteries during whole power is stabilized charging and discharging state only once switch, prolong
The service life of batteries is grown, discharge and recharge is excessively frequently not enough when overcoming batteries isolated operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, makes required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structured flowchart based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 controls the structure principle chart of circuit for a kind of SVG based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention；
It is during 0.5s before and after Fig. 3 (a) optimizes for a kind of SVG compensation devices based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention
System network loss, node voltage and the variation table of comparisons；
It is during 1.5s before and after Fig. 3 (b) optimizes for a kind of SVG compensation devices based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention
System network loss, node voltage and the variation table of comparisons；
Fig. 4 (a) is a kind of ultracapacitor based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention with reference to compensation power curve；
Fig. 4 (b) is a kind of ultracapacitor operation compensation current curve based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (c) is a kind of batteries operation compensation current curve based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention；
Fig. 4 (d) is a kind of batteries based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention with reference to compensation power curve；
Fig. 5 is a kind of wind energy conversion system award setting characteristic curve based on double-fed type wind generator system of the present invention；
Wherein, 1, wind energy conversion system, 2, gearbox, 3, double-fed type generator, 4, rotor-side pwm converter, 5, energy storage device, 6,
SVG compensation devices, 7, DC/DC converters, 8, battery control, 9, grid side pwm converter, 10, batteries, 11, triggering
Pulse, 12, capacitor, 13, ultracapacitor.
Embodiment
Double-fed type wind generator system is based on the invention discloses one kind, is a kind of intellectuality, modularization, the dress of mechanization
Put, double-fed type generator is incorporated to after SVG compensation devices, under different wind speed, double-fed type generator connecting in parallel with system point voltage stabilization will be stored up
Energy system is added in the dc bus of back-to-back converter, restrained effectively wind generator system caused by wind speed randomization simultaneously
Being applied in combination for the fluctuation of site power output, ultracapacitor and batteries, extends the service life of batteries, gram
Discharge and recharge is excessively frequently not enough when having taken batteries isolated operation.
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear and detailed
Description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, all other reality that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example is applied, the scope of protection of the invention is belonged to.Referring to Fig. 1, provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on double-fed type wind-force hair
Electric system.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of be based on double-fed type wind generator system, including wind energy conversion system 1, the one end of wind energy conversion system 1 connection
Gearbox 2, wind energy conversion system 1 is handled wind energy collecting and by 2 pairs of wind energies being collected into of gearbox using pneumatic equipment bladess, so
Afterwards in feeding double-fed type generator 3, the mechanical energy that wind energy is acted on generator amature is converted to the blade torque of absorption
The machine torque acted on generator amature, by the rotation of the rotor of double-fed type generator 3, electric energy is converted into by mechanical energy,
The electric energy of gained is inputted into power network, the rotor after rotor-side pwm converter 4 and grid side pwm converter 9 are handled
Side pwm converter 4 and grid side pwm converter 9 are back-to-back converter, rotor-side pwm converter 4 and grid side PWM conversion
Energy storage device 5 is provided between device 9, grid side pwm converter 9 controls the active power exchanged between energy storage device 5 and power network,
Compensate the fluctuation of engine end stator active power of output caused by mechanical power fluctuations, the side of grid side pwm converter 9
SVG compensation devices 6 are provided with, when grid side pwm converter 9 is as static reacance generator, grid side pwm converter 9 is by SVG
Compensation device 6 is controlled, and SVG compensation devices 6 are mainly used for stablizing the node voltage of grid entry point and the capacitance voltage of DC side, institute
State that energy storage device 5 is in parallel with DC/DC converters 7, DC/DC converters 7 are controlled by the trigger pulse 11 of capacitor 12.
As shown in Fig. 2 SVG compensation devices 6 use Direct Current Control, and synchronous coordinate is introduced based on Instantaneous Power Theory
Dq shaft current control methods after conversion, SVG compensation devices 6 include outer voltage control system, pi regulator, DC bus capacitor
Device and current inner loop control system, the outer voltage control system are by the reference signal U of the voltage of SVG grid entry pointsPCCrefWith
Actual value UPCCDifference be transformed into a referenced reactive current reference signal by a pi regulator, by DC bus capacitor device
The reference value U of both end voltageDCrefWith actual value UDCMore afterwards another watt current instruction references letter is transformed into through pi regulator
Number, the stabilization for realizing SVG grid entry points voltage and capacitor voltage at both ends value, the current inner loop control system is by reality
The current feedback values of sampling, into after dq shaft currents, are carried out by Synchronous Reference Frame Transform with the active reactive current reference signal of outer shroud
Compare, after being converted by pi regulator, generation pwm control signal is compared with triangle carrier signal, for controlling SVG to compensate
The break-make of the switching tube of device 6, directly carries out feedback control to current value, realizes the DAZ gene control of interior circular current, control
The essence of circuit is, by controlling to adjust the voltage of SVG grid entry points and the size of alternating current and phase difference, to be sent to change SVG
Or idle size is absorbed, realize to grid entry point reactive-load dynamic compensation.
As shown in figure 3, idle output optimization checking is carried out by whether installing SVG compensation devices in double-fed type generator,
System losses, node voltage and the variation table of comparisons when having obtained optimizing front and rear 0.5s and 1.5s, wherein node voltage
Skew represents with virtual voltage with respect to the difference of rated voltage and the percentage of ratio of rated voltage, analysis chart 3 (a) and Fig. 3
(b) understand, double-fed wind power generator is incorporated to, and when not adding SVG, system is significantly different in the voltage's distribiuting of 2 typical times,
Voltage deviation is also larger, and power network is influenceed quite big by wind speed fluctuation；It is incorporated to after SVG, double-fed type is sent out under different wind speed
Motor grid entry point voltage obtains stabilization, and system node voltage deviation is reduced, and its effect when wind speed is larger more
Substantially；Meanwhile, being incorporated to for SVG reduces via net loss to a certain extent, it is suppressed that because of System Reactive Power demand when wind speed is larger
The unstable phenomenon excessively produced.
The external ultracapacitor 13 of DC/DC converters 7, ultracapacitor 13 passes through DC/DC converters 7 and energy storage device 5
It is connected, ultracapacitor 13 is super by the grid side pwm converter 9 of double-fed type generator and the Power Exchange of realizing of power network
The main dutycycle by adjusting the trigger signal of DC/DC converters 7 of charge-discharge electric power control of capacitor 13 is realized.
Grid side pwm converter 9 is in parallel with batteries 10, and grid side pwm converter 9 passes through control system for accumulators
Trigger pulse 11 is controlled, and batteries 10 carry out low-frequency compensation to grid side pwm converter 9.
As shown in figure 4, building 1.5MW double-fed type generator models, the major parameter of its energy storage device 5 is as follows：It is super
Condenser capacity is 10F, and inlet wire reactance is 0.01H, and compensation cycle is 0.002s, and DC tache voltage is 1400V；Battery
Group rated capacity is 400Ah, and internal resistance is 0.5 Ω, and compensation cycle is 5s, and DC link capacitance is 0.5F, with the double of this parameter
Feedback formula generator model is operated, the charging current curve of the ultracapacitor 13 as shown in Fig. 4 (b), illustrates to control plan
Summary can preferably realize that power back-off is acted on, the ultracapacitor reference power value with reference to shown in Fig. 4 (a), it can be deduced that super
Level capacitor non-emergent power limited conditions in compensation process, this is relevant with the compensating action of batteries 10；Such as Fig. 4 (c)
The current curve that shown batteries 10 are run, the reference power value of batteries 10 with reference to shown in Fig. 4 (d), it can be deduced that
The charging current of batteries 10 takes around 2s and reaches stabilization after the change, but this not interfere with batteries 10 defeated to power network
Go out the response of power, charging and discharging state only once switches during the whole power of batteries 10 is stabilized, this stores for extension
The service life of battery pack 10 is highly beneficial, and discharge and recharge is excessively frequently not enough when overcoming 10 isolated operation of batteries.
The lateral stator side of the rotor in stable state of double-fed type generator 3 provides slip power, is controlled using maximal wind-power tracking
Strategy, the paddle radius R of double-fed type generator is 29m, rotor angular rate ωrFor 1810r/min, number of pole-pairs npFor 6 pairs, tooth
It is 1/60 to take turns gearratio N, thus its wind sweeping area SwFor 2640.7m2, the maximal wind-energy usage factor c of double-fed type generatorpmax
For definite value 0.593, optimum tip-speed ratio λoptFor definite value 6, stator copper loss PcusFor definite value 25KW, the revolutional slip of double-fed type generator
S is 0.08-0.15, and generic constant s values are 0.1, and air is measured using atmospheric density measuring instrument, when obtaining 25 DEG C
Atmospheric density is 1.29g/L, according to below equation
Stator side power output P can be drawns。
Under maximal wind-power tracking control, the total electromagnetic power P of double-fed type generator 3eFor
Define virtual wind speed：
Then PeIt can be simplified shown as：
The rated wind speed of double-fed type generator 3 is 13m/s, by above formula, in the running of double-fed type generator 3
In, it is only necessary to the real-time angular speed of rotor is detected, then can calculate virtual wind speed, and then draw the electricity in real time of double-fed type generator 3
Magnetic power.
As shown in figure 5, the mechanical separator speed of the pneumatic equipment bladess of double-fed type generator 3 is ωmFor 2040r/min, paddle
Propeller pitch angle is β, tip speed ratio λ=ωmR/Vw, obtain the machine torque T of wind energy conversion systemwWith wind speed VwRelation be：
Above formula is converted for machine torque Tw, wind speed VwWith propeller pitch angle β relation, propeller pitch angle β passes through award setting system
It is controlled, award setting system refers to change generator wheel hub blade pitch angle beta by control technology and dynamical system
Size, so that change the aerodynamic characteristic of blade, the power output of control double-fed type generator 3；Variable pitch control is by control
The propeller pitch angle of blower fan, changes the Windward angle and the mechanical energy of input of blade, is at a certain under maximum power point
Operating point, so as to reserve certain spare capacity, in the case that wind regime is certain, propeller pitch angle is bigger, the reserve that unit leaves
Also it is bigger, as shown in figure 5, blower fan propeller pitch angle increases, the power-speed curves for making blower fan are integrally moved down, operating point is from 1 point
Drop at 3 points, the wind energy captured is reduced；, whereas if now reducing propeller pitch angle, the energy that blower fan is captured again can be corresponding
Increase, realizes the frequency modulation purpose of wind-power electricity generation.
In summary, be based on double-fed type wind generator system the invention provides one kind, be a kind of intellectuality, modularization,
The device of mechanization, double-fed type generator is incorporated to after SVG compensation devices, under different wind speed, double-fed type generator connecting in parallel with system point electricity
Pressure is stable, system node voltage deviation is small, and its effect is more obvious when wind speed is larger, and SVG compensation devices are incorporated in
Via net loss is reduced to a certain extent, it is suppressed that because of the unstable phenomenon that System Reactive Power demand is excessive and produces when wind speed is larger,
In the dc bus that energy-storage system is added to back-to-back converter, and power control strategy is implemented to back-to-back converter, effectively
Ground inhibits the fluctuation of the grid-connected point output power of wind generator system caused by wind speed randomization, ultracapacitor and batteries
Be applied in combination, not only solve power limited conditions of the ultracapacitor in system balance, and batteries are whole
Charging and discharging state only once switches during power is stabilized, and extends the service life of batteries, overcomes batteries
Discharge and recharge is excessively frequently not enough during isolated operation.
One kind provided by the present invention is described in detail based on double-fed type wind generator system above, for ability
The those skilled in the art in domain, according to the thought of the embodiment of the present invention, have change in specific embodiments and applications
Part, in summary, this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that including wind energy conversion system (1), described wind energy conversion system (1) one end connects
Gearbox (2) is connect, wind energy conversion system (1) to the wind energy that is collected into is entered wind energy collecting and by gearbox (2) using pneumatic equipment bladess
Row processing, is then fed into double-fed type generator (3), wind energy is acted on the rotor of double-fed type generator (3), is transformed wind energy into
For mechanical energy, by driving the rotation of double-fed type generator (3) rotor, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy, the electric energy of gained is passed through
Cross rotor-side pwm converter (4) and grid side pwm converter (9) handled after input power network；
The rotor-side pwm converter (4) and grid side pwm converter (9) are back-to-back converter, rotor-side pwm converter
(4) energy storage device (5), grid side pwm converter (9) control energy storage device are provided between grid side pwm converter (9)
(5) active power exchanged between power network, engine end stator active power of output caused by compensation mechanical power fluctuations
Fluctuation；
Grid side pwm converter (9) side is provided with SVG compensation devices (6), and grid side pwm converter (9) is as static
During reacance generator, grid side pwm converter (9) is controlled by SVG compensation devices (6), and SVG compensation devices (6) are to be used for stabilization
The node voltage of grid entry point and the capacitance voltage of DC side；
The energy storage device (5) is in parallel with DC/DC converters (7), the triggering arteries and veins that DC/DC converters (7) pass through capacitor (12)
Punching (11) is controlled.
2. it is according to claim 1 a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that the SVG compensation dress
Put (6) and use Direct Current Control, and the dq shaft current control methods introduced based on Instantaneous Power Theory after Synchronous Reference Frame Transform,
SVG compensation devices (6) include outer voltage control system, pi regulator, DC bus capacitor device and current inner loop control system, institute
It is by the reference signal U of the voltage of SVG grid entry points to state outer voltage control systemPCCrefWith actual value UPCCDifference pass through one
Pi regulator is transformed into a referenced reactive current reference signal, by the reference value U of DC bus capacitor device both end voltageDCrefWith reality
Actual value UDCAnother watt current instruction references signal is transformed into through pi regulator more afterwards, for realizing SVG grid entry point voltages
With the stabilization of capacitor voltage at both ends value, the current inner loop control system is that the current feedback values of actual samples are passed through into synchronization
Coordinate transform is compared into after dq shaft currents with the active reactive current reference signal of outer shroud, after being converted by pi regulator,
Generation pwm control signal is compared with triangle carrier signal, the break-make for controlling SVG compensation devices (6) switching tube, directly
Feedback control is carried out to current value, the DAZ gene control of interior circular current is realized, the essence of control circuit is by controlling to adjust
The voltage of SVG grid entry points and the size and phase difference of alternating current are saved, idle size is sent or absorb to change SVG, is realized
To grid entry point reactive-load dynamic compensation.
3. it is according to claim 1 a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that the DC/DC conversion
Device (7) external ultracapacitor (13), ultracapacitor (13) is connected by DC/DC converters (7) with energy storage device (5), is surpassed
Level capacitor (13) realizes Power Exchange, super capacitor by the grid side pwm converter (9) of double-fed type generator and power network
The main dutycycle by adjusting DC/DC converters (7) trigger signal of charge-discharge electric power control of device (13) is realized.
4. it is according to claim 1 a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that the grid side PWM
Converter (9) is in parallel with batteries (10), the trigger pulse that grid side pwm converter (9) passes through control system for accumulators
(11) it is controlled, batteries (10) carry out low-frequency compensation to grid side pwm converter (9).
5. one kind according to claim 3 and 4 is based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that the super electricity
Container (13) and batteries (10) are mixed into sector-style force generating system power and stabilized, and the whole power of batteries (10) was stabilized
Charging and discharging state only once switches in journey, it is to avoid discharge and recharge is excessively frequently not enough during batteries (10) isolated operation.
6. it is according to claim 1 a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that double-fed type generator
(3) in stable state, the lateral stator side of rotor provides slip power, during using maximal wind-power tracking control strategy, stator side output work
Rate PsIt is represented by
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&rho;S</mi>
<mi>w</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>R</mi>
<msub>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>max</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>p</mi>
</msub>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
In formula：ρ is atmospheric density, SwFor wind sweeping area, R is paddle radius, λoptFor optimum tip-speed ratio, cpmaxFor maximal wind-energy
Usage factor, ω r are generator amature angular rate, npFor power generator electrode logarithm, N is gear ratio, PcusFor stator copper
Consumption.
7. it is according to claim 1 a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that the machine of the wind energy conversion system
Tool torque TwWith wind speed VwRelation can be expressed as：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>w</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>&rho;&pi;R</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mi>w</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mi>p</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>&beta;</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>/</mo>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
</mrow>
In formula：β is the propeller pitch angle of paddle, and ρ is atmospheric density, and R is paddle radius, CpFor power coefficient, tip speed ratio λ=
ωmR/Vw, ωmIt is the mechanical separator speed of pneumatic equipment bladess.
8. it is according to claim 7 a kind of based on double-fed type wind generator system, it is characterised in that the propeller pitch angle β leads to
Cross award setting system to be controlled, award setting system refers to change generator wheel by control technology and dynamical system
The size of hub blade pitch angle beta, so that change the aerodynamic characteristic of blade, the power output of control double-fed type generator (3).
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| CN111486057A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-04 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Offshore wind power generation system based on gravity energy storage technology |
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