CN107240732A - A kind of stripping means of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector - Google Patents
A kind of stripping means of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN107240732A CN107240732A CN201710484997.6A CN201710484997A CN107240732A CN 107240732 A CN107240732 A CN 107240732A CN 201710484997 A CN201710484997 A CN 201710484997A CN 107240732 A CN107240732 A CN 107240732A
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- collector
- positive electrode
- positive
- battery
- iron phosphate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Belong to resource regeneration technical field the invention discloses the stripping means of a kind of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector.The present invention includes the steps such as shell stripping, heating, cold shock, subsequent treatment.The present invention is based on principle of expanding with heat and contracting with cold, using positive electrode and the thermal expansion coefficient difference of collector, by the way that anode to be heated to the method with cold shock repeatedly with the water of different temperatures, realizes that the high-efficiency cleaning between positive electrode and collector is separated.After separation, collection liquid surface light, no positive electrode is remaining, can be used as aluminium raw materials for production；Positive electrode can then be regenerated by subsequent treatment process to be reclaimed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of positive electrode of waste lithium iron phosphate battery positive plate and the efficient separation method of collector,
And discriminating that can be as waste lithium iron phosphate battery and method for separating, belong to resource regeneration technical field.
Background technology
Since lithium ion battery realizes commercialization from 20 end of the centurys, its with energy density is big, light weight, long lifespan and
Without memory many advantages, such as, be widely used in the portable electric appts such as mobile phone, notebook computer, camera it
In.And with the development of electric automobile industry, lithium battery has bigger application space.Lithium battery Main Basiss positive electrode institute
Lithium compound species is classified, and conventional lithium compound has LiFePO4, cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4 and ternary lithium etc..
Since 2014, as one of comprehensive means for administering city haze, China widelyd popularize electric automobile to subtract
The increment of few city fuel-engined vehicle.2016, the domestic battery-mounted total amount of new-energy automobile reached 28Gwh, wherein, LiFePO4
Battery-mounting amount 20GWh, accounting is up to 73%.In general, cycle life of lithium ion battery is between 400-2000 times, scrap
The time limit is about 3-5, thus, it is expected that after 2018, a large amount of ferric phosphate lithium cells scrapped by electric automobile occur in the country.
The positive electrode of LiFePO4 is made up of LiFePO4, carbon dust and PVDF, wherein, LiFePO4 and carbon dust are electrifications
The active ingredient of process, and PVDF is binding agent, is played a part of the adhesion of first two material on a current collector.PVDF's
Under cementation, LiFePO4, carbon dust and PVDF form film morphology, are then combined together with collector and constitute battery
Positive plate, collector typically use aluminium foil.The core of lithium battery reclaiming technology is to metallic element on its positive plate
Recycle, and difficult point is efficiently separating for positive electrode and collector.At present, the positive electrode and afflux in research report
The isolation technics of body mainly has the methods such as acidleach, alkali leaching, crushing and screening, solvent soaking and high-temperature heat treatment.
CN200910304134 discloses a kind of high-efficiency leaching process of anode active material of waste lithium battery, using acidleach
Method, using strong acid solution, by the molten leaching sour simultaneously of positive electrode and collector (aluminium foil), then passes through the sides such as extraction, precipitation again
Method isolates metal values element.CN201610832665 discloses a kind of waste lithium cell and reclaims industry strong base solution
Recoverying and utilizing method, is first dissolved collector with highly basic, positive electrode is separated from aluminium foil, is then obtained just after solution filtering
Pole material.CN201610314509 discloses a kind of waste lithium cell full constituent feed separation collection device and method, using machine
The broken method of tool, particle is cracked into by old and useless battery, roll it is broken during, positive electrode and collector are in crushing cutter
Separated between the shearing of piece and particle and fragment under the collective effect of phase mutual friction, it is then follow-up by selection by winnowing, screening etc. again
Separating step separates and collects the two.CN201610702159 discloses a kind of recovery method of waste lithium cell, using solvent
Infusion method, selects suitable organic solvent to dissolve PVDF, so that positive electrode is peeled off from aluminium foil.CN201210251559
A kind of method of overheated steam clean separation waste lithium ion cell anode material is disclosed, CN201110314470 is disclosed
A kind of method that elemental metal is reclaimed from waste lithium cell, both of which uses high-temperature process method, lithium battery anode is heated to
Between 300-600 DEG C, PVDF caking property is set to substantially reduce even pyrolytic destruction at high temperature, so that positive electrode and afflux
Body is separated.
All there is shortcoming in the above method, acidleach and alkaline leaching have that flow is complicated, recovery rate of valuable metals is low, soda acid is used
The problems such as measuring big, and a large amount of foreign ions are introduced in processing procedure, secondary pollution is serious.Crushing and screening method is being used alone
When, separation is not thorough, and effect is poor.Organic solvent infusion method cost is high, and produces largely useless organic solution, environmental pollution
Seriously.High-temperature heat treatment method operation temperature is high, and energy consumption is big, has particular/special requirement to the pressure-and heat-resistance performance of equipment.Therefore, one is set up
The efficient separation method of easy to operate, mild condition, low operation cost and environment-friendly positive electrode and collector is planted, it is right
There is important value in the regeneration of waste lithium iron phosphate lithium battery.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the separation problem of lithium iron phosphate battery positive material in the prior art and collector,
Propose a kind of simple, effective, environment-friendly separation method.
Method proposed by the invention is applied to ferric phosphate lithium cell, for cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4 and ternary lithium battery
Positive plate does not have separating effect, accordingly it is also possible to discriminating and screening for ferric phosphate lithium cell in waste lithium cell.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The stripping means of a kind of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) physical method peels off battery case, takes out battery core, manually separates positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms；
(2) thermal medium heating cathode piece is used；Ensure that time of the positive plate temperature between 60-95 DEG C is no less than 3 minutes.
(3) if using (2) step once after, positive electrode and collector are not kept completely separate, repeat (2) step 1-3 times,
Positive electrode and collector are kept completely separate.
The stripping means of a kind of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) physical method peels off battery case, takes out battery core, manually separates positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms；
(2) thermal medium heating cathode piece is used；Ensure that time of the positive plate temperature between 60-95 DEG C is no less than 3 minutes.
(3) cold shock is carried out to the positive plate heated in (2) step with cold medium；Ensure that positive plate temperature was reduced in 1 minute
To less than 30 DEG C；
(4) if using (2) (3) step once after, positive electrode and collector are not kept completely separate, repeat (2) (3) step
1-3 times, positive electrode and collector are kept completely separate.
Thermal medium in (2) step selects 60-95 DEG C of hot water or hot-air.
Mode of heating selection immersion, spray or wind-heat in (2) step.
Positive electrode after separation as new positive electrode preparing raw material；Collector makes as aluminium raw materials for production after separation
With.
Cold medium in (3) step selects 5-30 DEG C of water.
Cold shock mode in (3) step is selected to soak or sprayed.
Most short cold shock time in (3) step is 5 seconds, up to 5 minutes, and ensures positive plate temperature at 1 minute
Inside it is reduced to less than 30 DEG C.
Methods described does not have separating effect to the positive plate of the lithium batteries such as cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4 and ternary lithium, can be for
Ferric phosphate lithium cell in unknown battery is differentiated and sorted.
Separation method of the present invention, is, based on the principle expanded with heat and contract with cold, to utilize the thermal expansion of positive electrode and collector
Difference of coefficients, by the way that anode to be heated to the method with cold shock repeatedly, is realized between positive electrode and collector completely efficiently
The separation of cleaning.Binding agent PVDF thermal coefficient of expansion is 127.8 × 106m/mK, the thermal coefficient of expansion of collector for 23 ×
106m/mK, the two difference is larger.Therefore during heating and cold shock, what anode material film and afflux body thin film were produced
Linear extendible length is also different, and shearing force can be produced on the contact surface, when the shearing force is more than the cohesive force of binding agent formation,
Anode material film is just kept completely separate with afflux body thin film.The temperature difference and heat transfer that separating effect is depended between thermal medium and cold medium
The size of speed, the temperature difference is bigger, the more fast then separating effect that conducts heat is better.Repeatedly heating cold shock can weaken binding agent bonding it is strong
Degree, therefore,, can be with Repeat-heating cold shock 1-3 when positive electrode and collector are not properly separated after cold shock is once heated
It is secondary, you can to complete both be kept completely separate.
It was found from examples provided below, to positive plate of iron phosphate lithium battery, after 60-95 DEG C of hot-water soak, stand
It is placed in 0-30 DEG C of water, you can realize being kept completely separate for positive electrode and collector.Whole process is easy to operate, water removal or empty
Outside gas, the intervention without the contaminative chemicals such as other acid, alkali or organic solvent, thoroughly prevented secondary pollution generation can
Energy.The performances such as corrosion resistance and mechanical strength to equipment are very easy to realize industrialization, automation behaviour also without particular/special requirement
Make.In addition, method of the present invention is due to no use high level chemicals, and operating condition is gentle, therefore, also with energy
The characteristics of consumption is low, operating cost is cheap.
In addition, the present invention proposes positive electrode and collector separation under operating condition, ferric phosphate lithium cell is only applicable to,
And to the lithium batteries of the types such as cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4, ternary lithium without effect, therefore, it can as to mixed in together waste and old
The method that LiFePO4 in lithium battery is differentiated and sorted, so as to play preliminary to resource in lithium battery regeneration removal process
The effect of classification.
Embodiment
It preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, it should be understood that for the art
Technical staff for, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, although the change made is not in present embodiment
In, but be also included within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
(1) waste lithium iron phosphate battery is peelled off into battery case, takes out battery core.Separate positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms.
(2) positive plate is put into 80 DEG C of hot water and soaked 5 minutes, positive electrode completely comes off from current collector aluminum foil.
(3) by collector and positive electrode categorised collection.
(4) collection liquid surface light, separation are complete, can directly recycle；After positive electrode is collected,
After except processes such as no-bonder, supplement lithium source phosphorus source, ball milling, calcinings, it must can regenerate new
Positive electrode, capacity is up to 120mAh/g.
Embodiment 2：
(1) waste lithium iron phosphate battery is peelled off into battery case, takes out battery core.Separate positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms.
(2) positive plate is put into 60 DEG C of hot water and soaked 10 minutes.
(3) collector and positive electrode are pressed from both sides out from hot water together, in the water for being put into 30 DEG C, soaked 2 minutes.
(4) above-mentioned (2) (3) step 3 time is repeated, positive electrode completely comes off from current collector aluminum foil.
(5) collection liquid surface light, separation are complete, can directly recycle；It is viscous by removing after positive electrode is collected
Tie after the processes such as agent, supplement lithium source phosphorus source, ball milling, calcining, can must regenerate new positive electrode, capacity is up to 120mAh/g.
Embodiment 3：
(1) waste lithium iron phosphate battery is peelled off into battery case, takes out battery core.Separate positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms.
(2) positive plate is fixed with intermediate plate, 70 DEG C of hot water is sprayed on the surface 5 minutes of positive plate two by shower nozzle.
(3) after (2) step terminates, immediately with 15 DEG C of Water spray positive plate 5 minutes, positive electrode is from current collector aluminum foil
Completely come off.
(4) collection liquid surface light, separation are complete, can directly recycle；It is viscous by removing after positive electrode is collected
Tie after the processes such as agent, supplement lithium source phosphorus source, ball milling, calcining, can must regenerate new positive electrode, capacity is up to 120mAh/g.
Embodiment 4：
(1) waste lithium iron phosphate battery is peelled off into battery case, takes out battery core.Separate positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms.
(2) positive plate is fixed with intermediate plate, by 95 DEG C of hot-air wind-heat positive plate 15 minutes.
(3) after (2) step terminates, immediately with 5 DEG C of Water spray positive plate 5 minutes, positive electrode is from current collector aluminum foil
Completely come off.
(4) collection liquid surface light, separation are complete, can directly recycle；It is viscous by removing after positive electrode is collected
Tie after the processes such as agent, supplement lithium source phosphorus source, ball milling, calcining, can must regenerate new positive electrode, capacity is up to 120mAh/g.
Claims (9)
1. the stripping means of a kind of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) physical method peels off battery case, takes out battery core, manually separates positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms；
(2) thermal medium heating cathode piece is used；Ensure that time of the positive plate temperature between 60-95 DEG C is no less than 3 minutes.
(3) if using (2) step once after, positive electrode and collector are not kept completely separate, repeat (2) step 1-3 times, positive pole
Material and collector are kept completely separate.
2. the stripping means of a kind of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) physical method peels off battery case, takes out battery core, manually separates positive pole, negative pole and plastic diaphragms；
(2) thermal medium heating cathode piece is used；Ensure that time of the positive plate temperature between 60-95 DEG C is no less than 3 minutes.
(3) cold shock is carried out to the positive plate heated in (2) step with cold medium；Ensure that positive plate temperature was reduced to 30 in 1 minute
Below DEG C；
(4) if using (2) (3) step once after, positive electrode and collector are not kept completely separate, repeat (2) (3) step 1-3
Secondary, positive electrode and collector are kept completely separate.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Thermal medium in (2) step selects 60-95 DEG C of heat
Water or hot-air.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Mode of heating selection immersion, spray in (2) step
Drench or wind-heat.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that positive electrode after separation as new positive electrode system
Standby raw material；Collector is used as aluminium raw materials for production after separation.
6. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Cold medium in (3) step selects 5-30 DEG C of water.
7. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Cold shock mode in (3) step is selected to soak or sprayed.
8. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Most short cold shock time in (3) step is 5 seconds, most
A length of 5 minutes, and ensure that positive plate temperature was reduced to less than 30 DEG C in 1 minute.
9. the method according to claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that：For to the LiFePO4 in unknown battery
Battery is differentiated or sorted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710484997.6A CN107240732A (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | A kind of stripping means of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector |
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| CN201710484997.6A CN107240732A (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | A kind of stripping means of positive material of waste lithium iron phosphate and collector |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109473748A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of stripping means of waste and old ternary dynamic lithium battery positive electrode and collector |
| CN110407217A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-05 | 淄博三锐陶瓷科技有限公司 | The method of the waste lithium cell positive electrode preparation high light inorganic material of nanometer |
| CN110767956A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2020-02-07 | 河南电池研究院有限公司 | Method for stripping lithium ion battery electrode plate material and current collector |
| CN111628235A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 云南省能源研究院有限公司 | Waste battery recovery processing method |
| CN112510280A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南大学 | Physical method based on hash of feature elements in foil of power battery |
| CN113629309A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-09 | 赣州赛可韦尔科技有限公司 | Method for efficiently and cleanly separating cathode material and aluminum foil |
| CN113991204A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Short-process recovery method of waste lithium iron phosphate anode material |
| CN115513549A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-23 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Electrode piece recycling method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109473748A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of stripping means of waste and old ternary dynamic lithium battery positive electrode and collector |
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| CN113629309A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-09 | 赣州赛可韦尔科技有限公司 | Method for efficiently and cleanly separating cathode material and aluminum foil |
| CN113991204A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Short-process recovery method of waste lithium iron phosphate anode material |
| CN115513549A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-23 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Electrode piece recycling method |
| CN115513549B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-01-26 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Recovery method of electrode plate |
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