CN107236874B - The production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar - Google Patents
The production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, comprising the following steps: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingot is applied in combination, puts into aluminium melting furnace melting;By molten aluminum metaideophone after the melting of acquisition to holding furnace, sampling is quickly analyzed with direct-reading spectrometer after mixing evenly, detects the content of Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V in solution;Aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy is added in molten aluminum after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid temperature is controlled at 740 ± 10 DEG C, artificial stirring simultaneously electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes, obtain alloy molten aluminum, Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, 0.08 ~ 0.12wt% of Fe, (Mn+Cr+Ti+V) < 0.01wt%, 0.01 Ce ~ 0.05%wt% in this alloy molten aluminum, and make Fe/Si >=2.0.The present invention reduces needle-shaped crystalline substance, increases globular crystal, effectively controls the roughening of rafifinal arborescent structure, improve the mechanical performance of rafifinal, improve the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy rod more particularly to a kind of producers of high-performance aluminium alloy bar
Method.
Background technique
Currently, 5154 alloy silk threads are since, intensity small with density are high and good strong plasticity, electric conductivity, corrosion stability
It is widely used in cable tv coax, communication cable braid shielded with a series of resistance to excellent comprehensive performances such as windability
Cable and army's industry and aerospace field.However, state of the art draw casting production 5154 aluminium alloy wires to
Φ 0.10mm or less, which develops etc. in even superfine direction, there is the problems such as alloy filament strength is low, drawing breakage ratio is high, pole
Aluminium alloy cable enterprise is affected greatly to develop to superpower ultra-fine direction.
Overhead power transmission conducting wire is generally made of conductor material and reinforcement material two parts, currently, domestic-developed is highly conductive
Rate wire product: steel reinforced soft aluminum strand, stress transfer type extra-heavy steel reinforced soft aluminum strand, the soft aluminium double capacity conductor of composite core etc., it is main
Annealing process treatment method carried out using to the aluminium conductor after wire drawing, replace electrician's duralumin with soft aluminium, conductor conductivity can be by
61% IACS is increased to 63% IACS. by the soft aluminum conductor of annealing, and conductivity is improved, but tensile strength
It is then greatly lowered, 160-200 MPa when by original duralumin falls to 60-98 MPa, and it is aerial that GB/T 17048-2009 is not achieved
The index request of conducting wire hard-drawn aluminium wire, since soft aluminum conductor is there are the defects such as intensity, surface hardness be low, when payingoff construction, is easily abraded
Conductive line surfaces, thus it is higher to wire construction and service requirement.It is not suitable for big span, high pressure or UHV transmission work thus
Journey.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, and the overhead power transmission conducting wire that this preparation process obtains is used
High conductivity aluminium bar is set about from raw material selection and conductor lines base-aluminium bar production technology, provides a kind of existing high conductivity, again
It is suitble to the aluminium bar and its hard-drawn aluminium wire of production aerial condutor.Wherein the performance indicator of aluminum steel depends primarily on the index of aluminium bar, makes
With such high conductivity aluminium bar, conductor can routinely drawing process be produced, and needed not move through annealing process processing, also do not needed
Change wire drawing with mold technique with regard to dedicated aluminium bar outer diameter (such as Φ 12mm, Φ 15mm), conductor conductivity just can reach
62.5-63.0% IACS, tensile strength reach 160-200MPa, meet the requirement of aerial condutor hard-drawn aluminium wire.Height is simplified to lead
The production process of electric rate conducting wire, reduces the production cost of such conducting wire, greatly improves the production effect of high conductivity conductor
Rate and qualification rate.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingot is applied in combination, aluminium melting furnace melting is put into, controls molten aluminum in furnace
Temperature≤760 DEG C, it is 60 ~ 80% that wherein Al99.70 aluminium ingot accounting, which is 20 ~ 40%, Al99.85 aluminium ingot accounting,;
Step 2: molten aluminum metaideophone is to holding furnace after the melting that step 1 is obtained, direct reading spectrometry is used in sampling after mixing evenly
Instrument is quickly analyzed, and the content of Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V in solution are detected;
Step 3: aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy is added in molten aluminum after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid is controlled
Temperature is at 740 ± 10 DEG C, and artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes obtain alloy molten aluminum, and Al in this alloy molten aluminum >=
99.82wt%, Si≤0.08 ~ 0.12wt% of 0.04wt%, Fe, 0.01 wt%, Ce 0.01 ~ 0.05% of (Mn+Cr+Ti+V) <
Wt%, and make Si >=2.0 Fe/;
Step 4: being carried when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 ± 10 DEG C with 99.996% high pure nitrogen after completing step 3
Efficient injection refining agent is passed through in holding furnace in melt and refines by body, reaches at the purifications such as the degasification of alloy molten aluminum, removal of impurities
Reason;
Step 5: after the completion of step 4, molten aluminum stands 5 ~ 10 minutes, opens holding furnace and skims and skim, cleaning is floating
Aluminium slag on alloy molten aluminum surface;
Step 6: alloy molten aluminum is sampled analysis after step 5 is removed the gred, if each component content deviates setting
Value, then further add corresponding component, so that Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%, (Mn+Cr
+ Ti+V) 0.01 0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of <, and make Si >=2.0 Fe/;
Step 7: molten aluminum stands 30 ~ 40 minutes in holding furnace after step 6, when temperature reaches 740 ± 10 DEG C, come out of the stove,
Molten aluminum comes out from holding furnace enters online depassing unit and filter device through flow-conveying groove, carries out external refining, degasification removes the gred again;
Step 8: the clean alloy molten aluminum after refining again to step 7 carries out continuous casting, cast temperature is controlled 690
~ 700 DEG C, cast using horizontal casting mode, at the same according to draw monofilament diameter range, control crystallizing wheel speed,
Cooling water pressure makes 520 ~ 550 DEG C of slab temperature come out on access bridge from crystallizing wheel;
Step 9: slab made from rapid eight is straightened, is cooled down, controls the slab temperature into before rolling and be maintained at 470-490
DEG C, the operation of rolling is lubricated and is cooled down to roll and aluminium bar using emulsion, adjusts emulsion pressure and flow, height is made to lead aluminium
Bar finishing temperature≤300 DEG C;
Step 10: carried out quenching-rapid cooling processing with the high conductivity aluminium bar that water or dilute emulsion come out milling train,
Control aluminium rod surface temperature≤60 DEG C;
Step 11: natural cooling obtains the high conductivity aluminium bar after aluminium bar cleaning.
Further improved technical solution is as follows in above-mentioned technical proposal:
1. in above scheme, the pressure of control refining agent is blown into when refining in the step 4 speed and nitrogen makes essence
Time control is refined at 15 ~ 20 minutes, nitrogen pressure is controlled in 10 ~ 15KPa.
2. in above scheme, aluminium boron intermediate alloy host element boron content is 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the aluminium in the step 3
Cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy host element cerium content is 9 ~ 11 wt%.
3. in above scheme, at 690 ~ 700 DEG C, crystallization wheel speed is 1.4 ~ 1.8 for the step 8 cast temperature control
Rev/min, casting cooling water temperature is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, and the slab temperature on access bridge is 520 ~ 550 DEG C.
4. in above scheme, the temperature in the step 9 into before rolling for cooling dilute emulsion is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, dilute
Concentration of emulsion used is 2 ~ 3%.
5. in above scheme, concentration of emulsion used is 8 ~ 10% in the operation of rolling in the step 9, and high conductivity aluminium bar is whole
Roll temperature≤300 DEG C.
6. in above scheme, the step 10 quenching uses dilute emulsion, their temperature is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, and pressure is
0.25~0.35 MPa。
Due to the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. the overhead power transmission conducting wire high conductivity aluminium bar that preparation process of the present invention obtains, aluminium cerium mischmetal alloy refinement
Crystal grain and dendrite are organized, the form of Si, Fe etc. in melt are changed, reduces needle-shaped crystalline substance, increases globular crystal, effectively controls rafifinal branch
Crystalline substance tissue roughening, improve the mechanical performance of rafifinal, improve the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor, make height lead aluminium bar this two
Item index respectively reaches: 110 ~ 130 MPa of tensile strength, elongation >=6.5% meet hard-drawn aluminum wire requirement.Solves high conductivity
Aluminium conductor low strength, the problem of aerial condutor hard-drawn aluminium wire standard requirements are not achieved.
2. the overhead power transmission conducting wire high conductivity aluminium bar that preparation process of the present invention obtains, using the side of preferred raw material
Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingot is applied in combination for method, further improvement, not only improves and uses single high-purity aluminium grain
Coarse, the processing disadvantage that retrospective is poor, intensity is low, makes aluminium conductor keep horniness aluminum alloy capability;And solve using single commercial-purity aluminium,
Due to the purity problem of aluminium cause 20 DEG C of resistivity of aluminium bar be only capable of 27.90 ~ 28.01 n Ω .m (conductivity 61.79 ~
61.55) limitation of range improves the purity of aluminium and the electric property of aluminium bar.Height leads the electrical property of aluminium bar (diameter 9.5mm)
Index can respectively reach: (1) 20 DEG C of resistivity≤27.53 n Ω .m(conductivities >=62.63 %IACS);(2) 20 DEG C of resistivity:
≤ 27.32 n Ω .m(conductivities >=63.11 %IACS).
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples:
A kind of embodiment: production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingot is applied in combination, aluminium melting furnace melting is put into, controls molten aluminum in furnace
Temperature≤760 DEG C, it is 60 ~ 80% that wherein Al99.70 aluminium ingot accounting, which is 20 ~ 40%, Al99.85 aluminium ingot accounting,;
Step 2: molten aluminum metaideophone is to holding furnace after the melting that step 1 is obtained, direct reading spectrometry is used in sampling after mixing evenly
Instrument is quickly analyzed, and the content of Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V in solution are detected;
Step 3: aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy is added in molten aluminum after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid is controlled
Temperature is at 740 ± 10 DEG C, and artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes obtain alloy molten aluminum, and Al in this alloy molten aluminum >=
99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%, 0.01 wt%, Ce 0.01 ~ 0.05% of (Mn+Cr+Ti+V) <
Wt%, and make Si >=2.0 Fe/;
Step 4: being carried when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 ± 10 DEG C with 99.996% high pure nitrogen after completing step 3
Efficient injection refining agent is passed through in holding furnace in melt and refines by body, reaches at the purifications such as the degasification of alloy molten aluminum, removal of impurities
Reason, the refining agent dosage are the 0.15% ~ 0.3% of furnace charge total amount, and refining agent, which enters stokehold, need to carry out preheating and drying;
Step 5: after the completion of step 4, molten aluminum stands 5 ~ 10 minutes, opens holding furnace and skims and skim, cleaning is floating
Aluminium slag on alloy molten aluminum surface;
Step 6: alloy molten aluminum is sampled analysis after step 5 is removed the gred, if each component content deviates setting
Value, then further add corresponding component, so that Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%, (Mn+
Cr+Ti+V) 0.01 0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of <, and make Si >=2.0 Fe/;Step 7: after step 6, holding furnace
Interior molten aluminum stands 30 ~ 40 minutes, when temperature reaches 740 ± 10 DEG C, comes out of the stove, and molten aluminum comes out from holding furnace to be entered online through flow-conveying groove
Depassing unit and filter device carry out external refining, and degasification removes the gred again;
Step 8: the clean alloy molten aluminum after refining again to step 7 carries out continuous casting, cast temperature is controlled 690
~ 700 DEG C, cast using horizontal casting mode, at the same according to draw monofilament diameter range, control crystallizing wheel speed,
Cooling water pressure makes 520 ~ 550 DEG C of slab temperature come out on access bridge from crystallizing wheel;
Step 9: slab made from rapid eight is straightened, is cooled down, controls the slab temperature into before rolling and be maintained at 470-490
DEG C, the operation of rolling is lubricated and is cooled down to roll and aluminium bar using emulsion;Emulsion pressure and flow are adjusted, height is made to lead aluminium
Bar finishing temperature≤300 DEG C;
Step 10: carried out quenching-rapid cooling processing with the high conductivity aluminium bar that water or dilute emulsion come out milling train,
Control aluminium rod surface temperature≤60 DEG C;
Step 11: natural cooling obtains the high conductivity aluminium bar after aluminium bar cleaning.
Aluminium boron intermediate alloy host element boron content is 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy in above-mentioned steps three
Host element cerium content is 9 ~ 11 wt%.
It into the temperature before rolling for cooling dilute emulsion is 20 ~ 40 DEG C in above-mentioned steps nine, dilute concentration of emulsion used is 2 ~
3%。
Concentration of emulsion used is 8 ~ 10% in the operation of rolling in above-mentioned steps nine, high conductivity aluminium bar finishing temperature≤300 DEG C.
The quenching of above-mentioned steps ten uses dilute emulsion, their temperature is 20 ~ 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.25 ~ 0.35 MPa.
When the aluminium alloy rod obtained using above-mentioned manufacturing process, aluminium cerium mischmetal alloy refinement tissue crystal grain and dendrite change
The form of Si, Fe etc. in metatect reduce needle-shaped crystalline substance, increase globular crystal, effectively control the roughening of rafifinal arborescent structure, improve
The mechanical performance of rafifinal improves the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor, this two indexs respectively reach: tensile strength 110 ~
130 MPa, elongation >=6.5% meet duralumin bar requirement;Secondly, Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingot is applied in combination,
The purity of aluminium and the electric property of aluminium bar are not only increased, and the performance of aluminium conductor holding duralumin can be made.Height leads aluminium bar (diameter
- (1) 20 DEG C of resistivity≤27.53 n Ω .m(conductivities >=62.63 % can be respectively reached for the electrical performance indexes of 9.5mm)
IACS);(2) 20 DEG C of resistivity :≤27.32 n Ω .m(conductivities >=63.11 %IACS).
Aluminium bar of the present invention and its aluminum steel index and respective country standard index of correlation contrast table
Table 1
The testing result of Examples 1 and 2 is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
The overhead power transmission conducting wire high conductivity aluminium bar obtained using above-mentioned preparation process, aluminium cerium mischmetal alloy refinement group
Crystal grain and dendrite are knitted, the form of Si, Fe etc. in melt are changed, reduces needle-shaped crystalline substance, increases globular crystal, effectively controls rafifinal dendrite
The roughening of tissue improves the mechanical performance of rafifinal, improves the tensile strength and elongation of aluminium conductor, this two indexs reach respectively
Arrive: 110 ~ 130 MPa of tensile strength, elongation >=6.5% meet duralumin bar requirement;Secondly, by Al99.70 and Al99.85 weight
Aluminum melting ingot is applied in combination, and not only increases the purity of aluminium and the electric property of aluminium bar, and can make the property of aluminium conductor holding duralumin
Energy.The electrical performance indexes that height leads aluminium bar (diameter 9.5mm) can respectively reach-(1) 20 DEG C of resistivity≤27.53 n Ω .m(and lead
Electric rate >=62.63 %IACS);(2) 20 DEG C of resistivity :≤27.32 n Ω .m(conductivities >=63.11 %IACS).
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: Al99.70 and Al99.85 remelted aluminum ingot is applied in combination, aluminium melting furnace melting is put into, controls temperature of aluminum liquid in furnace
≤ 760 DEG C, it is 60 ~ 80% that wherein Al99.70 aluminium ingot accounting, which is 20 ~ 40%, Al99.85 aluminium ingot accounting,;
Step 2: after the melting that step 1 is obtained molten aluminum metaideophone to holding furnace, after mixing evenly sampling direct-reading spectrometer into
Row quickly analysis, detects the content of Al, Si, Fe and Mn, Cr, Ti, V in solution;
Step 3: aluminium boron intermediate alloy, aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy is added in molten aluminum after melting, heat preserving furnace aluminum liquid temperature is controlled
At 740 ± 10 DEG C, artificial stirring and electromagnetic agitation 20 minutes obtain alloy molten aluminum, Al >=99.82wt% in this alloy molten aluminum,
Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%, 0.01 0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of (Mn+Cr+Ti+V) <, and make Fe/
Si≥2.0;
Step 4: make carrier with 99.996% high pure nitrogen when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750 ± 10 DEG C after completing step 3, it will
Efficient injection refining agent is passed through in holding furnace to be refined in melt, realizes the degasification of alloy molten aluminum, slag removal and purification processing, the essence
0.15% ~ 0.3% that agent dosage is furnace charge total amount is refined, refining agent, which enters stokehold, need to carry out preheating and drying;
Step 5: after the completion of step 4, molten aluminum stands 5 ~ 10 minutes, opens holding furnace and skims and skim, cleaning floats on conjunction
Aluminium slag on golden molten aluminum surface;
Step 6: alloy molten aluminum is sampled analysis after step 5 is removed the gred, if each component content deviates setting value,
Corresponding component is further added, so that Al >=99.82wt%, Si≤0.04wt%, Fe 0.08-0.12wt%, (Mn+Cr+Ti+
V) 0.01 0.01 ~ 0.05% wt% of wt%, Ce of <, and make Si >=2.0 Fe/;Step 7: after step 6, molten aluminum in holding furnace
30 ~ 40 minutes are stood, when temperature reaches 740 ± 10 DEG C, is come out of the stove, molten aluminum comes out from holding furnace and fills through flow-conveying groove into online degasification
It sets and filter device, carries out external refining, degasification removes the gred again;
Step 8: the clean alloy molten aluminum after refining again to step 7 carries out continuous casting, cast temperature is controlled 690 ~ 700
DEG C, it is cast using horizontal casting mode, while according to the diameter range for drawing monofilament, controlling speed, the cooling of crystallizing wheel
Water pressure makes 520 ~ 550 DEG C of slab temperature come out on access bridge from crystallizing wheel;
Step 9: slab made from step 8 is straightened, is cooled down, controls the slab temperature into before rolling and is maintained at 470-490 DEG C,
The operation of rolling is lubricated and is cooled down to roll and aluminium bar using emulsion;Emulsion pressure and flow are adjusted, height is made to lead aluminium bar
Finishing temperature≤300 DEG C;
Step 10: being carried out quenching-rapid cooling processing, control with the high conductivity aluminium bar that water or dilute emulsion come out milling train
Aluminium rod surface temperature≤60 DEG C;
Step 11: natural cooling obtains the high conductivity aluminium bar after aluminium bar cleaning;
Aluminium boron intermediate alloy host element boron content is 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the aluminium cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy pivot in the step 3
Plain cerium content is 9 ~ 11 wt%;
It is 25 ~ 35 DEG C that cooling water temperature is cast in the step 8.
2. the production method of high-performance aluminium alloy bar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: rolled in the step 9
Concentration of emulsion used is 8 ~ 10% in the process.
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CN114058909B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-01-31 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Heat-resistant high-conductivity aluminum alloy monofilament for overhead conductor and preparation method thereof |
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