CN107234838B - Ice and snow preventing material and application - Google Patents
Ice and snow preventing material and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107234838B CN107234838B CN201710362983.7A CN201710362983A CN107234838B CN 107234838 B CN107234838 B CN 107234838B CN 201710362983 A CN201710362983 A CN 201710362983A CN 107234838 B CN107234838 B CN 107234838B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- snow
- ice
- micro
- fiber
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006282 Phenolic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical class FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical class F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
- B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Landscapes
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ice and snow preventing material and application thereof. The anti-ice and snow material comprises a base body, wherein the base body is provided with at least two surfaces, an anti-ice and snow functional layer is further combined on one surface of the base body, the anti-ice and snow functional layer is composed of a plurality of micro-nano fibers, and one ends of the fibers are embedded into the base body. The anti-ice and snow material can effectively inhibit the adhesion, liquefaction and spreading of liquid drops on the surface of the anti-ice and snow functional layer formed by a plurality of micro-nano fibers, so as to achieve the aim of anti-icing; meanwhile, the snow flake can be inhibited from melting and adhering on the surface, so that the snow flake can be cleared under the action of external force, and snow accumulation can be prevented. In addition, the anti-ice and snow functional layer has good abrasion resistance and weather resistance, and the durability of the anti-ice and snow material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of freezing and snow-accumulation preventing materials, and particularly relates to an ice and snow preventing material and application thereof.
Background
Icing and snow accumulation are natural phenomena that occur on the surface of a material in a specific environment, determined by the wettability of the surface of the material. The phenomenon of icing or snow accumulation on the surface of the equipment has great potential negative influence on the normal operation of the equipment, so that a plurality of vicious operation accidents occur, and great life and property losses are caused. The prevention and removal of ice and snow becomes an important issue of common attention in the industries of aviation, electric power, traffic and the like, so that the development of ice and snow prevention materials with practical values becomes a research hotspot. The occurrence of icing and snow will reduce the flight performance of the aircraft; according to the statistics of the international civil aviation organization, about one third of aviation accidents are related to icing or snow accumulation on airplanes. Icing and accumulated snow caused by serious ice and snow disasters in south China in 2008 cause serious damage to power grids in disaster areas, and direct economic loss is more than billions. In order to avoid freezing of power supply parts in winter, china high-speed rails as representative of China manufacturing are required to be powered by a pantograph after a motor train unit is put in storage; in addition, icing and snow can seriously affect the proper operation of the suspension equipment communication facilities.
The current treatment means for icing and snow accumulation can be divided into two main categories, namely pretreatment and post-treatment. The pretreatment technology comprises mechanical and electrical technologies such as a liquid anti-icing technology, an electric heating anti-icing technology, a gas heating anti-icing technology, an evaporation anti-icing technology, a wet flow anti-icing technology and the like; in recent years, by means of material science and technology, the purpose of anti-icing is achieved by constructing a micro-nano structure with low surface energy on the surface of a component, but the problems of poor weather resistance, no wear resistance and the like generally exist in a surface functional layer obtained by the technology. The post-treatment techniques include mechanical techniques typified by pneumatic belt deicing, heating techniques typified by electric pulse deicing, and chemical techniques typified by spraying a snow-melting agent. Compared to pre-treatment techniques, post-treatment techniques form uncontrolled icing and snow, possibly causing irreversible damage to the performance of the mechanical equipment; the chemical treatment technology produces certain environmental pollution, and the heating treatment technology has long time consumption, large energy consumption and low comprehensive benefit. Therefore, aiming at the problems of icing and snow accumulation, how to improve the prevention capability and combine prevention and removal to obtain higher comprehensive benefits is a technical problem which is expected to be solved by the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide an ice and snow prevention material and solve the technical problems of unstable ice and snow prevention and poor economy caused by high energy consumption, poor weather resistance and wear resistance in the conventional post-treatment and pre-treatment measures for icing and snow accumulation.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, an ice and snow preventing material is provided. The ice and snow preventing material comprises a base body, wherein the base body is provided with at least two surfaces, an ice and snow preventing functional layer is further combined on one surface of the base body, the ice and snow preventing functional layer is composed of a plurality of micro-nano fibers, and one ends of the fibers are embedded into the base body.
In another aspect of the invention, a method for applying an ice and snow protection material is provided. The application method of the ice and snow preventing material is to apply the ice and snow preventing material to ice prevention and snow accumulation of aircrafts, power equipment, transportation equipment and refrigeration equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the ice and snow prevention material has the advantages that the ice and snow prevention functional layer formed by the micro-nano fibers can effectively inhibit the adhesion, liquefaction and spreading of liquid drops on the surface of the ice and snow prevention functional layer, so that the aim of preventing ice is fulfilled; meanwhile, the snow flake can be inhibited from melting and adhering on the surface, so that the snow flake can be cleared under the action of external force, and snow accumulation can be prevented. In addition, the anti-ice and snow functional layer has good abrasion resistance and weather resistance, and the durability of the anti-ice and snow material is improved.
The anti-ice and snow material has good anti-freezing and snow accumulation effects, so that the working stability and safety of corresponding equipment such as aerospace vehicles, electric power equipment, transportation equipment and refrigeration equipment are effectively ensured. In addition, the anti-ice and snow material has good durability, and is directly attached to the surface of equipment, so that the economic cost and the efficiency of anti-ice and snow of the corresponding equipment are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ice and snow barrier material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the invention, in which an included angle between a micro-nanofiber contained in an ice and snow prevention material and a surface of an embedded matrix is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees;
FIG. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of the ice and snow protection material according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fiber cluster formed by sleeving a tubular first sleeving member on the outer surface of a part A of the ice and snow preventing material shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the ice and snow protective material according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fiber cluster set covered with a second tubular cover on the outer surface of the portion B of the anti-ice and snow material shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is another structural diagram of a fiber cluster set covered with a second tubular cover on the outer surface of the portion B of the anti-ice and snow material shown in FIG. 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an ice and snow preventing material having a good ice and snow preventing effect. The structure of the ice and snow preventing material is shown in figures 1 to 4, and comprises a base body 1 and an ice and snow preventing functional layer 2 embedded on one surface of the base body 1.
Wherein, the substrate 1 contained in the anti-ice and snow material is used as a carrier of the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2. Therefore, in one embodiment, the material of the base body 1 may be a base material commonly used in the ice and snow protection field, and all base materials capable of carrying an ice and snow protection functional layer are within the scope of the present disclosure, such as epoxy resin. In another embodiment, the thickness of the substrate is 200-350 μm, such as 300 μm. The load stability of the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 is improved by controlling the material and thickness of the base 1. In a specific embodiment, the substrate 1 has two opposite surfaces, the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 is embedded on one surface of the substrate 1, and the other surface is used for adhering to the surface of the anti-ice and snow part.
The functional layer 2 for preventing ice and snow contained in the material for preventing ice and snow is composed of a plurality of micro-nano fibers 21. Specifically, one end of the micro-nano fiber 21 is embedded into the substrate, and the other end of the micro-nano fiber deviates from the surface of the substrate 1. Based on the structural characteristics of the ice and snow prevention functional layer 2, the ice and snow prevention functional layer 2 can have the following structures:
in the first structure, the functional layer 2 for preventing ice and snow is only composed of a plurality of micro-nano fibers 21, as shown in fig. 1.
In the second structure, on the basis of the ice and snow preventing material shown in fig. 1, that is, a plurality of micro-nanofibers 21 are embedded on the surface of the substrate 1, and at the same time, at least part of the micro-nanofibers 21 are divided into a plurality of fiber clusters 22. A tubular first sheathing member 23 is sheathed on the outer surface of the fiber cluster 22. The second ice and snow-proof material is shown in fig. 3, and the fiber cluster 22 sleeved with the first sleeving part 23 is shown in fig. 4.
In the third structure, on the basis of the ice and snow preventing material shown in fig. 3, that is, a plurality of micro-nanofibers 21 are embedded on the surface of the substrate 1, and a tubular first sleeve 23 is sleeved on the outer surface of the fiber cluster 22. Meanwhile, each set of the fiber cluster 22 provided with the first sheathing member 23 is taken as a fiber cluster group 24, and a tubular second sheathing member 25 is further sheathed outside at least two sets of the fiber cluster groups 24. Or a tubular second sleeve 25 is sleeved outside the at least one fiber cluster group 24 and the at least one micro-nanofiber 21. The structure of the third ice and snow preventing material is shown in fig. 5, the structure of the fiber cluster group 24 sleeved with the second sleeving piece 25 is shown in fig. 6, and the combined structure of at least one group of the fiber cluster group 24 and at least one micro-nano fiber 21 sleeved with the second sleeving piece 25 is shown in fig. 7.
In the three structures of the ice and snow prevention material, that is, the ice and snow prevention material shown in fig. 1 to 7, the contained ice and snow prevention functional layer 2 comprises a plurality of micro-nano fibers 21. Therefore, the ice and snow prevention functional layer 2 formed by the micro-nanofibers 21 can effectively inhibit the adhesion, liquefaction and spreading of liquid drops on the surface thereof through the structural characteristics of the micro-nanofibers 21, so as to achieve the purpose of ice prevention; meanwhile, the snow flake can be inhibited from melting and adhering on the surface, so that the snow flake can be cleaned under the action of external force, and the snow accumulation prevention effect is realized.
In addition, the micro-nanofibers 21 can be embedded in the matrix 1 according to a certain regular array, or can be randomly embedded in the matrix 1. Preferably the array is embedded in the matrix 1.
Because one end of the micro-nano fiber 21 is embedded in the substrate 1, an included angle of a certain angle range is formed between the micro-nano fiber 21 and the surface of the substrate 1, as shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment, an included angle α between the micro-nanofibers 21 forming the functional layer 2 for preventing ice and snow and the surface of the embedded substrate 1 is greater than 0 degree, less than or equal to 90 degrees, and preferably 30 to 60 degrees.
In another embodiment, the distribution density of the micro-nano fibers 21 on the surface of the substrate 1 is 50-300/cm 2 Preferably 100 to 300 roots/cm 2 . When the micro-nano fibers 21 are divided into the fiber clusters 22 or the fiber cluster groups 24 as above, the distribution density of the fiber clusters 22 or the fiber cluster groups 24 is 50-300 groups/cm 2 E.g. 60 groups/cm 2 . In another embodiment, the length of the micro-nanofiber 21 is 60 to 500 μm. In a specific embodiment, the length of the micro-nano fibers 21 embedded in the substrate 1 is 60 to 200 μm, such as 100 μm; the length of the portion extending beyond the surface of the substrate 1 is 100-300. Mu.m, such as 200. Mu.m.
In another embodiment, the diameter of the micro-nanofibers 21 can be micron-sized or nanometer-sized, and can also be a mixed fiber array of micron-sized and nanometer-sized fibers.
The aforesaid is through optimizing micro nanofiber 21 and distributing on base member 1 surface, like distribution density, rather than embedding the optimization of contained angle alpha, the distribution rule between the base member 1 surface to improve the structure of anti-ice and snow functional layer 2, thereby improve anti-icing and the snow effect of anti-ice and snow functional layer 2.
In an embodiment, the micro-nanofibers 21 may be solid micro-nanofibers or/and hollow micro-nanofibers; and one end of the hollow micro-nanofiber departing from the base body 1 is opened or/and sealed. The term "or" and "means a parallel relation of" and may also mean a selective relation of "or". For example, the specific micro-nanofibers 21 may be all solid micro-nanofibers, all hollow micro-nanofibers, or a mixture of solid micro-nanofibers and hollow micro-nanofibers. The solid micro-nanofibers and the hollow micro-nanofibers in the mixed micro-nanofibers can be randomly distributed or the solid micro-nanofibers and the hollow micro-nanofibers can be distributed according to certain requirements.
In a specific embodiment, the solid micro-nanofibers 21 are at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene solid fibers, polyimide solid fibers, polyester fibers, polyphenylsulfonamide fibers, phenolic fibers, carbon fibers, and the like, and the hollow micro-nanofibers are at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fibers, polyimide hollow fibers, polypropylene hollow fibers, hollow glass fibers, polysulfone hollow fibers, polyethersulfone hollow fibers, carbon nanotubes, and the like.
In a further embodiment, when the micro-nanofibers 21 are hollow micro-nanofibers, the hollow micro-nanofibers 21 are separated from the end of the substrate 1, and a liquid substance (not shown) for reducing the surface energy is filled in the hollow micro-nanofibers 21. The liquid substance for reducing the surface energy is arranged in the hollow micro-nanofibers 21, so that the surface energy of the hollow micro-nanofibers 21 is reduced, the hydrophobicity of the hollow micro-nanofibers is improved, and the anti-freezing and snow accumulation effects are improved. In specific embodiments, the liquid substance is at least one of polyfluoroacrylates, perfluorosilanes, modified fluorocarbon mixtures, and the like. The liquid substances have good low-temperature-resistant liquid and low surface energy characteristics, so that the anti-icing and anti-snow functional layer is stable and has good anti-icing or snow accumulation effects.
Based on the above embodiments, in the anti-ice and snow material with the second structure shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fiber clusters 22 may be a plurality of micro-nanofibers 21 grouped randomly or according to an array rule, and divided into a plurality of groups of fiber clusters 22. At least two micro-nano fibers 21 are contained in each group of fiber clusters 22. And a tubular first sheathing member 23 is sheathed on the outer surface of at least one group of the fiber clusters 22. Wherein, it is preferable that a tubular first sheathing member 23 is sheathed on the outer surface of each group of fiber clusters 22. Through dividing into a plurality of groups fibre cluster 22 with micro-nanofiber 21 to add first cover and establish 23 and carry out the improvement of micro-structure to anti-ice and snow functional layer 2, thereby improve anti-icing and the snow effect of anti-ice and snow functional layer 2. Specifically, a multi-nested structure is arranged, such as a first nesting component 23 and a second nesting component 25, so that on one hand, a micro-nano nesting structure is formed, a micro-nano composite structure is formed by means of fibers with various sizes, and the super-hydrophobic performance is obtained by combining the existence of filled low-surface-energy substances; on the other hand, the structure repeatability from the micro to the macro is formed, the existence of the repeated structure can keep the structure relatively stable, for example, when the surface is subjected to external force such as friction and the like, the damage of the surface structure can be counteracted to the maximum extent, and therefore, the super-hydrophobic performance can be effectively maintained.
In a specific embodiment, one end of the tubular first nesting component 23 may be directly combined with or buckled on the surface of the substrate 1, or may be embedded in the substrate 1 along with the micro-nanofibers 21. The tubular first sleeve 23 is understood to be a through tube, i.e. the end facing away from the base body 1 is open. In one embodiment, the diameter of the first nesting component 23 that is disposed about the outer surface of a group of fiber clusters 22 can be, but is not limited to, 100-500 μm. The length of the first jacket device 23 may be, but not limited to, 240 μm, wherein one end of the first jacket device 23 is embedded in the substrate 1 and may be, but not limited to, 80 μm, and the length extending out of the surface of the substrate 1 may be, but not limited to, 160 μm, and is made of, but not limited to, a polyimide hollow fiber. The length of the first nesting component 23 may be similar to the length of the micro-nanofibers, such as slightly longer, slightly shorter or equal.
In another embodiment, the micro-nanofibers 21 in the fiber bundle 22 sleeved with the tubular first sleeve 23 on the outer surface may be the micro-nanofibers 21 as described above. Such as hollow or solid micro-nanofibers 21. One end of the hollow micro-nanofiber 21, which is away from the substrate 1, can be an opening or/and a seal. Or the micro-nanofiber 21 in the fiber cluster 22 contains hollow micro-nanofibers, the hollow micro-nanofibers 21 deviate from the opening at one end of the substrate 1, and liquid substances for reducing the surface energy are arranged in the hollow micro-nanofibers 21.
In the third configuration of the ice and snow protective material as shown in fig. 5-7, the fiber cluster groups 24 are selected to be sleeved in the second sleeve 25 randomly or in an array. The improvement of the microstructure is carried out on the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 by additionally arranging the second sleeve-shaped part 25, so that the anti-icing and snow accumulation effects of the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 are improved. Due to the additional sleeve 25, the composition of different scales can be realized, so that the super-hydrophobic effect is realized; in addition, the low surface energy substance is favorably stored by virtue of the capillary suction effect formed by the pore structures existing between the nested structures.
In the specific embodiment, similarly, the tubular second sheathing member 25 may be directly combined with or buckled on the surface of the base 1, or embedded in the base 1 along with the micro-nanofibers 21, as in the first sheathing member 23. The tubular second sleeve 25 is understood to be a through tube, i.e. the end facing away from the base body 1 is open. In one embodiment, the tubular second sleeve 25 may have a diameter of, but not limited to, 300 μm and may be made of, but not limited to, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, polysulfone, polyethersulfone. The length of the second set of equipment 25 can be similar to the length of the micro-nanofibers, such as slightly longer, slightly shorter or equal.
In another embodiment, the micro-nanofibers 21 in the fiber bundle 22 sleeved with the tubular first sleeve 23 on the outer surface may be the micro-nanofibers 21 as described above. Such as hollow or solid micro-nanofibers 21. Wherein, one end of the hollow micro-nanofiber 21 departing from the substrate 1 can be an opening or/and a seal. Or the micro-nanofiber 21 in the fiber cluster 22 contains hollow micro-nanofibers, the hollow micro-nanofibers 21 deviate from the opening at one end of the substrate 1, and liquid substances for reducing the surface energy are arranged in the hollow micro-nanofibers 21.
In a preferred embodiment, in the anti-ice and snow material with the third structure shown in fig. 5 to 7, the fiber bundle 22 sleeved with the second sleeving piece 25 and the first sleeving piece 23 contains hollow micro-nanofibers 21, one end of the hollow micro-nanofibers 21 away from the substrate 1 is open, and a liquid substance for reducing surface energy is filled in the hollow micro-nanofibers 21. Liquid substances for reducing the surface energy can be filled between the micro-nanofibers 21 in the second nesting component 25 and the first nesting component 23. The surface energy reducing liquid substance is a surface energy reducing liquid substance as described above.
In addition to the above embodiments, the ice and snow preventing material in the above embodiments further includes the adhesive layer 4. The adhesive layer 4 is intended to allow the ice and snow protection material to be easily and firmly attached to the surface of the equipment to be protected from ice and snow. In the structure of the material for preventing ice and snow as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a base body 1 has two opposite surfaces, one surface of the base body 1 is combined with an ice and snow preventing functional layer 2, and the other surface of the base body 1 is also adhered with an adhesive layer 3.
In a further embodiment, a protective layer 4 (not shown) is laminated and bonded to the outer surface of the functional layer 2 for ice and snow protection and/or the outer surface of the adhesive layer 3. Specifically, the protective layer 4 may be a release paper. The existence of the protective layer 4 can protect the adhesive layer 4 and the surface layer part of the anti-ice and snow-proof material before use, and the outer surface of the anti-ice and snow-proof functional layer 2 formed by a plurality of nano fibers is combined to protect the adhesiveness of the adhesive layer 4 and the anti-ice and snow-proof performance of the anti-ice and snow-proof layer 2. When the anti-ice and snow material is used, the protective layer is directly torn off, and the anti-ice and snow material is directly adhered to the surface of equipment needing anti-ice and snow accumulation through the adhesive layer 4.
When the working environment meets the icing condition, the working principle of the ice and snow preventing material in the embodiments is as follows:
because the anti-ice and snow material contains the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2, because the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 is as the structure as described above, the adhesion force on the surface of the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 is small, so that the spreading of liquid water on the surface of the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 can not be effectively carried out, the occurrence of icing can be effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the adhesion force between the icing and the surface is small, the further icing can reversely promote the peeling between the icing and the surface, and the aggravation of icing is inhibited. Due to the small surface adhesion force of the surface of the anti-ice and anti-snow functional layer 2, on one hand, the liquefaction of water vapor on the surface of the component can be inhibited, and the occurrence of icing is inhibited; on the other hand, it is impossible to provide sufficient adhesion to ice crystals formed by water vapor desublimation, and as the ice accretion increases, the tendency of the ice accretion to peel off from the surface increases, so that the icing phenomenon is controlled to a certain extent. When the snow flakes fall onto the surface of the anti-ice and snow-proof functional layer 2, not only is melting of the snow flakes suppressed, but also the adhesion between the snow flakes and the surface of the anti-ice and snow-proof functional layer 2 is small. Due to the existence of the micro-nano fiber structure of the ice and snow prevention functional layer 2, an isolation layer such as an air layer and a low surface energy substance filled in the hollow fiber inner cavity exists between the ice and snow prevention functional layer 2 and the ice and snow sheets, so that the bonding strength of the ice and snow prevention functional layer 2 and the ice and snow sheets is further reduced, and the later clearing (such as natural wind blowing and low-strength cleaning) is facilitated.
Therefore, the anti-ice and snow material can effectively inhibit the adhesion, liquefaction and spreading of liquid drops on the surface of the anti-ice and snow functional layer 2 formed by the micro-nano fibers 21, so as to achieve the aim of anti-icing; meanwhile, the snow flake can be inhibited from melting and adhering on the surface of the snow flake, so that the snow flake can be cleared under the action of external force, and snow can be prevented. In addition, the anti-ice and snow functional layer has good abrasion resistance and weather resistance, and the durability of the anti-ice and snow material is improved.
The ice and snow preventing material described in the above embodiments may be provided in a band shape or a film shape, but not only, according to convenience of use.
Just because above-mentioned anti-ice and snow material has excellent anti-icing and snow effect, and economic cost is low moreover, and facilitates the use, consequently, above-mentioned anti-ice and snow material can effectively be used for the anti-icing and the snow of aerospace vehicle, power equipment, transportation equipment, refrigeration plant to the job stabilization nature and the security of corresponding equipment such as aerospace vehicle, power equipment, transportation equipment, refrigeration plant have effectively been guaranteed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ice and snow protection material comprising a substrate having at least two surfaces, characterized in that: an ice and snow prevention functional layer is further combined on one surface of the base body and composed of a plurality of micro-nano fibers, and one ends of the fibers are embedded into the base body;
at least part of the micro-nano fibers are divided into a plurality of fiber clusters, and a tubular first sleeving piece is sleeved on the outer surface of each fiber cluster.
2. An ice and snow protection material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micro-nano fibers are solid micro-nano fibers or/and hollow micro-nano fibers; and one end of the hollow micro-nanofiber departing from the base body is opened or/and sealed.
3. An ice and snow protection material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the micro-nanofiber is hollow micro-nanofiber, and the hollow micro-nanofiber deviates from the opening at one end of the base body, and a liquid substance for reducing the surface energy is arranged in the hollow micro-nanofiber.
4. An ice and snow protection material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the solid micro-nano fiber is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene solid fiber, polyimide solid fiber, polyester fiber, polyphenylsulfonamide fiber, phenolic fiber and carbon fiber, and the hollow micro-nano fiber is at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber, polyimide hollow fiber, polypropylene hollow fiber, hollow glass fiber, polysulfone hollow fiber, polyether sulfone hollow fiber and carbon nano tube.
5. An ice and snow protection material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fiber cluster is a fiber cluster group, the fiber cluster group is at least two groups, a tubular second sleeving piece is sleeved outside the fiber cluster group, or the fiber cluster group is at least one group, and the micro-nano fiber group is sleeved with a tubular second sleeving piece.
6. An ice and snow protection material as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the cover is equipped with second suit and first suit establish the piece contain cavity micro-nanofiber in the fibre cluster, just cavity micro-nanofiber's the deviating from the one end opening of base member, just the built-in liquid material that is used for reducing surface energy that is equipped with of cavity micro-nanofiber.
7. An ice and snow preventing material according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5 and 6, characterized in that: an included angle between the micro-nano fiber and the surface of the embedded matrix is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees; and/or
The density of the micro-nano fibers distributed on the surface of the substrate is 50-300 pieces/cm 2 (ii) a And/or
The length of the micro-nano fiber is 60-500 mu m.
8. An ice and snow preventing material according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5 and 6, characterized in that: the other surface of the substrate is also attached with a bonding layer; or
And a protective layer is attached to the outer surface of the ice and snow prevention functional layer and/or the outer surface of the bonding layer.
9. Use of the material according to any of claims 1 to 8 for protection against ice and snow in aircrafts, electrical equipment, transportation equipment, refrigeration equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710362983.7A CN107234838B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Ice and snow preventing material and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710362983.7A CN107234838B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Ice and snow preventing material and application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107234838A CN107234838A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
| CN107234838B true CN107234838B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
Family
ID=59985607
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710362983.7A Active CN107234838B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Ice and snow preventing material and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107234838B (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1851133A (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-10-25 | 徐国栋 | Non-sticking ice-snow road surface and surface anti sticking layer composition, and construction method |
| CN101704410A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-05-12 | 上海交通大学 | Nano superhydrophobic surface used for airplane antifreezing and deicing and preparation method thereof |
| KR101405721B1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2014-06-13 | 한국과학기술연구원 | A porous media with enhanced hydrophobicity and a fabrication method thereof |
| US9802711B2 (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2017-10-31 | Sunlight Photonics Inc. | Multi-layer de-icing skin for aircraft platforms |
| CN207028358U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-02-23 | 深圳维拓新材料科技有限公司 | Anti-ice-and-snow material |
-
2017
- 2017-05-22 CN CN201710362983.7A patent/CN107234838B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107234838A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Zhao et al. | Development of high-efficient synthetic electric heating coating for anti-icing/de-icing | |
| Liu et al. | Robust photothermal coating strategy for efficient ice removal | |
| EP2915747B1 (en) | Systems and methods for passive deicing | |
| Alemour et al. | A review of using conductive composite materials in solving lightening strike and ice accumulation problems in aviation | |
| ES2759427T3 (en) | Multi-layer de-icing coating for aircraft platforms | |
| He et al. | Electro‐/Photo‐Thermal Promoted Anti‐Icing Materials: A New Strategy Combined with Passive Anti‐Icing and Active De‐Icing | |
| Jiang et al. | Recent advances of bio-inspired anti-icing surfaces | |
| CN110856290A (en) | Graphene composite membrane for preventing and removing ice, composite material structural member and preparation method | |
| CN110816854B (en) | Composite braided electric heating film for preventing and removing ice and electric heating structure | |
| CN110510102B (en) | Attachable self-resistance heating/super-hydrophobic integrated gradient film material | |
| Ma et al. | Bio‐inspired icephobic coatings for aircraft icing mitigation: A critical review | |
| CN104746395A (en) | PC track beam and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN108587455B (en) | Anti-icing material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN111716776B (en) | Photoelectric-thermal super-hydrophobic film, preparation method and anti-icing and deicing application | |
| Xie et al. | Recent progress in anti-icing and deicing applications of the photothermal conversion materials | |
| CN107234838B (en) | Ice and snow preventing material and application | |
| CN207028358U (en) | Anti-ice-and-snow material | |
| Gao et al. | Review on condensation frosting and defrosting experiments for superhydrophobic surfaces | |
| Yan et al. | Fabricating mechanism and preparation of anti-icing & icephobic coating | |
| CN107057575B (en) | One kind preventing/deicing system for extreme environment naval vessel surface low power consuming electric heating | |
| US20150292074A1 (en) | A porous coating applied onto an aerial article | |
| CN106752214B (en) | bionic anti-icing surface based on improvement of non-continuous wettability | |
| Heyun et al. | Icing and anti-icing of railway contact wires | |
| CN208739441U (en) | Anti- deicing laminated film | |
| CN202849306U (en) | Novel anti-corrosion and anti-icing wind power blade |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20191213 Address after: 518000 software building, No.9, Gaoxin middle 1st Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Zhang Zhaoguo Address before: 201 room 518000, building A, No. 1, Qianhai Road, Qianhai, Shenzhen, Qianhai, Guangdong (Shenzhen business affairs secretary Co., Ltd.) Applicant before: SHENZHEN WEITUO NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |