CN107234236A - A kind of Ni Cr Fe porous materials with gradient aperture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Ni Cr Fe porous materials with gradient aperture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107234236A CN107234236A CN201710485610.9A CN201710485610A CN107234236A CN 107234236 A CN107234236 A CN 107234236A CN 201710485610 A CN201710485610 A CN 201710485610A CN 107234236 A CN107234236 A CN 107234236A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
- B22F3/1109—Inhomogenous pore distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ni Cr Fe porous materials with gradient aperture and preparation method thereof.Its preparation method is first that Ni, Cr, Fe mechanical mixture of coarse grain footpath and fine grain is uniform, its mass percent is respectively 60 ~ 75,18 ~ 25,7 ~ 15, then add after stearic acid granulation, drying, after obtained thick, fine grain compound is well mixed by different quality percentage again, successively it is laid in the way of fine grain ratio powder successively reduction in mould and is molded cold forming, is sintered by the way of segmented vacuum non-pressure sintering and obtain Ni Cr Fe gradients aperture porous material.This method energy consumption is low, almost pollution-free, and pore structure can autonomous control.The present invention has excellent antiacid caustic corrosion performance while filtering accuracy and filter efficiency is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to inorganic porous material field, and in particular to a kind of Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The species of porous material has a lot, can according to chemical composition be divided into inorganic porous material and organic porous material, wherein,
Inorganic porous material can be divided into metal polyporous material and non-metal porous material again.In the field that is separated by filtration, porous organic high score
The sub- strength of materials is low and non-refractory, and then matter is crisp and not anti-thermal shock for porous ceramics, therefore metal polyporous material is widely used in
During the separation of the every profession and trades such as petrochemical industry, environmental protection, filtering technique.With the development of science and technology and industrial products liter
Level, in porous material application field be separated by filtration function it is also proposed ensure high filtering precision while possess high
The higher level requirement of filter efficiency.But in engineer applied, it is i.e. larger ventilative in order to obtain higher filter efficiency
Degree, often increases the pore size of porous material, certainly will so reduce the filtering accuracy of porous material and be difficult to reach filtering
Technical requirements；When it is less material aperture to select high filtering accuracy, the saturating of porous material certainly will be greatly reduced again
Manner, causes filter efficiency to decline and is difficult to the economic requirement that reaches filtering.Therefore, traditional homogeneous texture metal polyporous material
There is implacable contradiction between the two in filter efficiency and filtering accuracy：I.e. hole is thick and circulation is big, and it filters effect
Rate is high and filtering accuracy is difficult to meet needs；Hole is tiny and circulation is small, and its filtering accuracy is high and filter efficiency is difficult to
Meet needs.This contradiction is to restrict its wide variety of key issue, is also the technical bottleneck in industrial filter field, it is entered
Deeply effectively research tool is of great significance row.
Gradient aperture porous material is that there is one kind asymmetric pore structure, i.e. pore size to be presented along in a direction continuously
Property change porous material.This graded properties impart gradient porous material and may insure to ensure on the basis of smaller aperture due
Larger filtration flux, realizes the structure and performance not available for other homogeneous texture porous materials, and in filtering with separating
During can greatly improve filtering accuracy and filter efficiency, simplify production technology, greatly improve production efficiency.Both at home and abroad
Gradient porous ceramics material is have developed first, and is widely used in fields such as medicine, chemical industry, the energy, environmental protection, but pottery
Porcelain porous material have matter crisp and not anti-thermal shock this be difficult to the inherent defect that changes in itself, therefore, be badly in need of exploitation a kind of new
Gradient aperture metal polyporous material to improve enterprises production efficiency and economic productivity.
Gradient aperture metal polyporous material has possesses larger filtration and infiltration flux while high filtering precision is ensured,
Also there are all advantages of metal polyporous material simultaneously, this is that other filtering materials are incomparable.But, the material being typically different
It is different to expect its thermal coefficient of expansion, thermal conductivity factor, modulus of elasticity, material inherent strength and fracture toughness, for heterogeneous film layer,
These differences are easily caused film layer cracking, even depart from film layer supporter, functionally gradient material (FGM) is occurred during use seriously
Failure.Preparation overcomes the intrinsic fragility of gradient porous ceramics material and non-welding character, heterogeneous film layer life-span low and porous material
The homogenous metal gradient porous material for the shortcomings of material is not provided simultaneously with high filtering precision and filtration flux, has weight to industrial production
The theoretical direction and realistic meaning wanted.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of homogeneity Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material, its
Fragility and non-welding character that advantage is to overcome gradient porous ceramics material intrinsic, heterogeneous film layer life-span be low and porous material not
The shortcomings of being provided simultaneously with high filtering precision and filtration flux, and with good mechanical property, antiacid caustic corrosion and high temperature resistance oxygen
Change performance.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution：The Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material
Preparation method, comprise the following steps：
(1) powder is matched：Be by mass percentage respectively 60~75 by Ni, Cr, Fe element powder of coarse grain footpath and fine grain,
18~25,7~15 proportioning is weighed；
(2) powder is mixed：The powder prepared in step (1) is individually placed at the uniform velocity to mix after 8-14h on the mixed powder machine of V-type
Granulate, dry.
(3) thickness is assembled：Coarse grain footpath compound made from step (2) and fine grain compound are pressed into different quality percentage
Mixing, and be individually placed at the uniform velocity mix 8-14h on the mixed powder machine of V-type.
(4) cold moudling：By mixed powder made from step (3) respectively take phase homogenous quantities and by fine grain powder proportions successively
The mode of reduction is successively laid in mould, and cold moudling obtains complete pressed compact.
(5) three-stage sintering：By pressed compact made from step (4) 1.0 × 10-2~1.0 × 10-3Lower point of Pa vacuum condition
Three-stage sintering：First stage rises to 300~400 DEG C by 3~10 DEG C/min heating rate from room temperature, is incubated 180~240 points
Clock；Second stage rises to 500~650 DEG C by 5~10 DEG C/min heating rate, is incubated 120~180 minutes；Phase III presses 4
~8 DEG C/min heating rates are warming up to 1300~1400 DEG C, are incubated 200~360 minutes；Then furnace cooling is to obtain the present invention
Ni-Cr-Fe metal polyporous materials with gradient aperture structure.
Specifically, in step (1) described powder, the average grain diameter of coarse grain footpath Ni, Cr, Fe element powder is respectively 100~200
μm, 48~100 μm and 5~48 μm；The average grain diameter of fine grain Ni, Cr, Fe element powder is 3~10 μm.
Specifically, step (2) described prilling process is mixed to add stearic acid, sieves, dried.Particularly, add stearic
The content of acid is the 2%~4% of powder gross mass；
Specifically, the mechanical fraction of Ni, Cr, Fe element powder described in step (3), as needed, the powder in coarse grain footpath
Mass percent can be gradually reduced to 0 by 100%, and fine grain powder is then on the contrary.
Specifically, step (4) described layered mode is：Bottom is 100% fine powder, and the superiors are 100% coarse powder, intermediate layer
By fine powder：The mass ratio of coarse powder is descending to arrange successively.
Specifically, step (4) described cold moudling is carried out under conditions of 60~90MPa pressurizes 30~60 seconds.
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：
(1) present invention obtained by Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material for single solid solution phase (Ni, Cr,
Fe), show excellent intensity, hardness and plasticity and toughness, overcome the intrinsic fragility of gradient porous ceramics material and non-welding character,
Heterogeneous film layer bond strength is low, poor mechanical property, the low shortcoming of service life.
(2) preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material obtained by the present invention is simple, and energy consumption is low, several
Pollution-free, aperture transition is uniform and pore structure can autonomous control.
(3) the Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material obtained by the present invention possesses high filtering precision and filtering is logical
Amount, the maximum diameter of hole at large aperture end is 80~120 μm, and the maximum diameter of hole at small-bore end is 1~6 μm, air permeability up to 600~
1000m3·m-2·s-1·KPa-1。
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material section SEM patterns prepared by present example 1.
Fig. 2 is that Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material prepared by present example 1 is opened in 2mol/LKOH solution
Road current potential changes over time curve.
Fig. 3 is after Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material prepared by present example 1 corrodes in aqueous slkali
Surface SEM schemes.
Embodiment
With reference to instantiation, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
First, following preparation technology is taken to prepare material：(1) by business with average grain diameter it is 3 μm of Ni, Cr, Fe powder
Mixed by mass percentage for 70%, 20% and 10% ratio respectively, powder is mixed 8 hours on V-type batch mixer, mixed
Powder in add gross mass 4% stearic acid granulation, sieve, dry.(2) it is 100 μm of Ni by the average grain diameter of business
Powder, 100 μm of Cr powder and 5 μm of Fe powder mix for 70%, 20% and 10% ratio by mass percentage respectively, and powder is in V
Mixed 8 hours on type batch mixer, the stearic acid granulation of gross mass 4% is added in the powder mixed, sieves and dries.(3) will
Step (1) and step (2) dried powder are respectively with 9:1、7:3、5:5、3:7 and 1:9 mass ratio mixing, powder is in V-type
Mixed 12 hours on batch mixer.(4) step (1) dried fine powder is laid in Φ 30 mould bottom, the second layer is fine powder
It is 9 with meal quality ratio:1 mixing batch mixing, third layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 7:3 mixing batch mixing, the 4th layer is
Fine powder and meal quality ratio are 5:5 mixing batch mixing, layer 5 is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 3:7 mixing batch mixing, the 6th
Layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 1:9 mixing batch mixing, then step (2) dried coarse powder is laid in the superiors, each layer
It is 15g with powder amount, green compact is pressed into 70MPa pressure.Then it is 1.0 × 10 sample to be placed on into vacuum-3Pa vacuum drying oven
Middle use segmented sintering.Heating rate control rises to 300 DEG C, soaking time 180 minutes in 3 DEG C/min by room temperature；Then rise
Warm speed control rises to 500 DEG C, soaking time 180 minutes in 5 DEG C/min；1300 DEG C are risen to 8 DEG C/min heating rate again,
Insulation 360 minutes；Furnace cooling, that is, obtain the metal porous material in Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture that the present invention changes with uniform pores
Material.
Then, cross sectioned bore structure is carried out to the material of preparation and corrosion resistance is tested.Obtained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients
Pore size metal porous material section SEM patterns are shown in Fig. 1, and its air permeability reaches 800m3·m-2·s-1·KPa-1, outermost layer pore Ni-
Cr-Fe porous materials maximum diameter of hole is 5 μm.Obtained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material is in 2mol/LKOH solution
Middle OCP changes over time curve and sees Fig. 2, and the extension OCP of porous material over time changes to positive direction, and
A relative stationary value has been reached in the short period of time.Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials OCP soaks from-the 0.355V of beginning
Bubble reaches stabilization after about 84 hours, its OCP is stable in -0.175V.Surface SEM figures after corroding in aqueous slkali are shown in figure
3, main pore structure kept stable after material corrosion.The two shows the metal porous material in obtained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture
Material has excellent alkali resistant corrosive power.
Embodiment 2：
First, following preparation technology is taken to prepare material：(1) by business with average grain diameter it is 10 μm of Ni, Cr, Fe powder
Mixed by mass percentage for 75%, 18% and 7% ratio respectively, powder is mixed 10 hours on V-type batch mixer, mixed
Powder in add gross mass 2% stearic acid granulation, sieve, dry.(2) it is 200 μm of Ni by the average grain diameter of business
Powder, 48 μm of Cr powder and 48 μm of Fe powder mix for 75%, 18% and 7% ratio by mass percentage respectively, and powder is in V-type
Mixed 10 hours on batch mixer, the stearic acid granulation of gross mass 2% is added in the powder mixed, sieves and dries.(3) will step
Suddenly (1) and step (2) dried powder is respectively with 8:2、5:5 and 2:8 mass ratio mixing, powder is mixed on V-type batch mixer
Close 14 hours.(4) step (1) dried fine powder is laid in Φ 30 mould bottom, the second layer is fine powder and meal quality
Than for 8:2 mixing batch mixing, third layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 5:5 mixing batch mixing, the 4th layer is fine powder and coarse powder
Mass ratio is 2:8 mixing batch mixing, then step (2) dried coarse powder is laid in the superiors, each layer is 20g with powder amount,
Green compact are pressed into 90MPa pressure.Then it is 1.0 × 10 sample to be placed on into vacuum-2Burnt in Pa vacuum drying oven using segmented
Knot.Heating rate control rises to 400 DEG C, soaking time 240 minutes in 10 DEG C/min by room temperature；Then heating rate control is 10
DEG C/min rises to 650 DEG C, soaking time 120 minutes；1400 DEG C are risen to 4 DEG C/min heating rate again, 200 minutes are incubated；
Furnace cooling, that is, obtain the Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material that the present invention changes with uniform pores.
Gained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material shows the tissue and graded pore structure similar to example 1,
And show the alkali-resistant property energy close with example 1.
Embodiment 3：
First, following preparation technology is taken to prepare material：(1) by business with average grain diameter it is 5 μm of Ni, Cr, Fe powder
Mix, powder is mixed 12 hours on V-type batch mixer, mix for 60%, 25% and 15% ratio by mass percentage respectively
The stearic acid granulation of gross mass 3.5% is added in good powder, sieves, dries.(2) it is 150 μm by the average grain diameter of business
Ni powder, the Fe powder of 80 μm of Cr powder and 10 μm mixed by mass percentage for 65%, 25% and 15% ratio respectively, powder
Mixed 12 hours on V-type batch mixer, the stearic acid granulation of gross mass 3.5% is added in the powder mixed, sieves, dries.
(3) by step (1) and step (2) dried powder respectively with 8：2、6:4、4:6 and 2:8 mass ratio mixing, powder is in V-type
Mixed 14 hours on batch mixer.(4) step (1) dried fine powder is laid in Φ 30 mould bottom, the second layer is fine powder
It is 8 with meal quality ratio：2 mixing batch mixing, third layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 6：4 mixing batch mixing, the 4th layer is
Fine powder and meal quality ratio are 4：6 mixing batch mixing, layer 5 is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 2：8 mixing batch mixing, then will
Step (2) dried coarse powder is laid in the superiors, and each layer is 10g with powder amount, and green compact are pressed into 60MPa pressure.Then
It is 5.0 × 10 that sample is placed on into vacuum-3Sintered in Pa vacuum drying oven using segmented.Heating rate control 5 DEG C/min by
Room temperature rises to 360 DEG C, soaking time 200 minutes；Then heating rate control rises to 600 DEG C, soaking time 160 in 8 DEG C/min
Minute；1400 DEG C are risen to 5 DEG C/min heating rate again, 200 minutes are incubated；Furnace cooling, that is, obtaining the present invention has
The Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material of even hole change.
Gained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material shows the tissue and graded pore structure similar to example 1,
And show the alkali-resistant property energy close with example 1.
Embodiment 4：
First, following preparation technology is taken to prepare material：(1) by business with average grain diameter it is 8 μm of Ni, Cr, Fe powder
Mix, powder is mixed 14 hours on V-type batch mixer, mix for 65%, 25% and 10% ratio by mass percentage respectively
The stearic acid granulation of gross mass 2.5% is added in good powder, sieves, dries.(2) it is 120 μm by the average grain diameter of business
Ni powder, the Fe powder of 60 μm of Cr powder and 20 μm mixed by mass percentage for 65%, 25% and 10% ratio respectively, powder
Mixed 14 hours on V-type batch mixer, the stearic acid granulation of gross mass 2.5% is added in the powder mixed, sieves, dries.
(3) by step (1) and step (2) dried powder respectively with 7:3、5:5 and 3:The mass ratio mixing of 7 mass ratio mixing,
Powder is mixed 14 hours on V-type batch mixer.(4) step (1) dried fine powder is laid in Φ 30 mould bottom, second
Layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 7:3 mixing batch mixing, third layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 5:5 mixing batch mixing,
4th layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 3:7 mixing batch mixing, then step (2) dried coarse powder is laid in the superiors,
Each layer is 15g with powder amount, and green compact are pressed into 80MPa pressure.Then it is 2.0 × 10 sample to be placed on into vacuum-3Pa's is true
Sintered in empty stove using segmented.Heating rate control rises to 330 DEG C, soaking time 220 minutes in 3 DEG C/min by room temperature；So
Heating rate control afterwards rises to 550 DEG C, soaking time 140 minutes in 5 DEG C/min；Risen to again with 8 DEG C/min heating rate
1380 DEG C, it is incubated 300 minutes；Furnace cooling, that is, obtain the Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture gold that the present invention changes with uniform pores
Genus polyporus material.
Gained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material shows the tissue and graded pore structure similar to example 1,
And show the alkali-resistant property energy close with example 1.
Embodiment 5：
First, following preparation technology is taken to prepare material：(1) by business with average grain diameter it is 10 μm of Ni, Cr, Fe powder
Mix, powder is mixed 12 hours on V-type batch mixer, mix for 65%, 20% and 15% ratio by mass percentage respectively
The stearic acid granulation of gross mass 3% is added in good powder, sieves, dries.(2) it is 180 μm by the average grain diameter of business
Ni powder, 48 μm of Cr powder and 30 μm of Fe powder mix for 65%, 20% and 15% ratio by mass percentage respectively, and powder exists
Mixed 14 hours on V-type batch mixer, the stearic acid granulation of gross mass 3% is added in the powder mixed, sieves, dries.(3) will
Step (1) and step (2) dried powder are respectively with 6:4 and 4:6 mass ratio mixing, powder is mixed on V-type batch mixer
14 hours.(4) step (1) dried fine powder is laid in Φ 30 mould bottom, the second layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio
For 6:4 mixing batch mixing, third layer is fine powder and meal quality ratio is 4:6 mixing batch mixing, then step (2) is dried thick
Powder is laid in the superiors, and each layer is 15g with powder amount, and green compact are pressed into 70MPa pressure.Then sample is placed on into vacuum is
1.0×10-3Sintered in Pa vacuum drying oven using segmented.Heating rate control rises to 320 DEG C, insulation in 5 DEG C/min by room temperature
240 minutes time；Then heating rate control rises to 580 DEG C, soaking time 150 minutes in 5 DEG C/min；Again with 5 DEG C/min's
Heating rate rises to 1300 DEG C, is incubated 280 minutes；Furnace cooling, that is, obtain the Ni-Cr- that the present invention changes with uniform pores
Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material.
Gained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material shows the tissue and graded pore structure similar to example 1,
And show the alkali-resistant property energy close with example 1.
Embodiment 6：
First, following preparation technology is taken to prepare material：(1) by business with average grain diameter it is 5 μm of Ni, Cr, Fe powder
Mixed by mass percentage for 68%, 25% and 7% ratio respectively, powder is mixed 10 hours on V-type batch mixer, mixed
Powder in add gross mass 4% stearic acid granulation, sieve, dry.(2) it is 180 μm of Ni by the average grain diameter of business
Powder, 80 μm of Cr powder and 20 μm of Fe powder mix for 68%, 25% and 7% ratio by mass percentage respectively, and powder is in V-type
Mixed 10 hours on batch mixer, the stearic acid granulation of gross mass 4% is added in the powder mixed, sieves and dries.(3) will step
Suddenly (1) dried fine powder is laid in Φ 30 mould bottom, then step (2) dried coarse powder is laid in into the superiors, respectively
Layer is 15g with powder amount, and green compact are pressed into 70MPa pressure.Then it is 3.0 × 10 sample to be placed on into vacuum-3Pa vacuum
Sintered in stove using segmented.Heating rate control rises to 380 DEG C, soaking time 180 minutes in 8 DEG C/min by room temperature；Then
Heating rate control rises to 550 DEG C, soaking time 120 minutes in 8 DEG C/min；Again 1300 are risen to 6 DEG C/min heating rate
DEG C, it is incubated 300 minutes；Furnace cooling, that is, obtain the present invention many with the Ni-Cr-Fe gradient pore size metals that uniform pores change
Porous materials.
Gained Ni-Cr-Fe gradients aperture metal polyporous material shows the tissue and graded pore structure similar to example 1,
And show the alkali-resistant property energy close with example 1.
Described above is only the better embodiment to the present invention, not makees any formal limit to the present invention
System, any simple modification that every technical spirit according to the present invention is made to embodiment of above, equivalent variations and modification,
Belong in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Powder is matched：By Ni, Cr, Fe element powder of coarse grain footpath and fine grain respectively by mass percentage for 60 ~ 75,18 ~
25th, 7 ~ 15 proportioning is weighed；
（2）Powder is mixed：By step（1）In the powder for preparing be individually placed to V-type and mix at the uniform velocity to mix after 8-14h on powder machine make
Grain, drying.
（3）Thickness is assembled：By step（2）Obtained coarse grain footpath compound is mixed by different quality percentage with fine grain compound
Close, and be individually placed at the uniform velocity mix 8-14h on the mixed powder machine of V-type.
（4）Cold moudling：By step（3）Obtained mixed powder respectively takes phase homogenous quantities and reduced successively by fine grain powder proportions
Mode be successively laid in mould, cold moudling obtains complete pressed compact.
（5）Three-stage sintering：By step（4）Obtained pressed compact divides three under 1.0 × 10-2 ~ 1.0 × 10-3 Pa vacuum condition
Section sintering：First stage rises to 300 ~ 400 DEG C by 3 ~ 10 DEG C/min heating rate from room temperature, is incubated 180 ~ 240 minutes；Second
Stage rises to 500 ~ 650 DEG C by 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min heating rate, is incubated 120 ~ 180 minutes；Phase III presses 4 ~ 8 DEG C/min liters
Warm speed is warming up to 1300 ~ 1400 DEG C, is incubated 200 ~ 360 minutes；Then furnace cooling is to obtain the present invention to have gradient aperture
The Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials of structure.
2. as the preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（1）Described in the particle diameters of element powders be：The average grain diameter of coarse grain footpath Ni, Cr, Fe element powder is respectively 100 ~ 200 μm, 48 ~
100 μm and 5 ~ 48 μm；The average grain diameter of fine grain Ni, Cr, Fe element powder is 3 ~ 10 μm.
3. as the preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（2）The prilling process is adds stearic acid mixing, sieving, dried, and particularly, it is the total matter of powder to add stearic content
The 2% ~ 4% of amount.
4. as the preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（3）The mechanical fraction of described Ni, Cr, Fe element powder, as needed, the mass percent of the powder in coarse grain footpath can be by 100%
0 is gradually reduced to, fine grain powder is then on the contrary.
5. as the preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（4）The layered mode is：Bottom is 100% fine powder, and the superiors are 100% coarse powder, and fine powder is pressed in intermediate layer：The mass ratio of coarse powder
It is descending to arrange successively.
6. as the preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe porous materials with gradient aperture described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（4）The cold moudling is carried out under conditions of 60 ~ 90MPa pressurizes 30 ~ 60 seconds.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108380882A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-10 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of Ni-Cr-Al-Cu porous materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN109338283A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of pack carburizing prepares the method and porous material of porous material |
| CN112886021A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-06-01 | 中南大学 | Three-dimensional porous current collector with gradient pore structure and preparation method and application thereof |
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| EP1329438A1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2003-07-23 | "VLAAMSE INSTELLING VOOR TECHNOLOGISCH ONDERZOEK", afgekort "V.I.T.O." | Method for producing metallic and ceramic products |
| CN101818277A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-09-01 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing super-elastic gradient-porosity porous NiTi alloy |
| CN105727755A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Gradient-pore silicon nitride and silicon carbide combined film tube and preparation method therefor |
| CN105256164A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-01-20 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method for powder-sintered porous metal body resistant to chlorine corrosion |
| CN105973021A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-28 | 华北电力大学 | Water collecting device with gradient hydrophilic and hydrophobic performance and application thereof |
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| CN108380882A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-10 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of Ni-Cr-Al-Cu porous materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN108380882B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-12-18 | 湘潭大学 | Ni-Cr-Al-Cu porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109338283A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of pack carburizing prepares the method and porous material of porous material |
| CN112886021A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-06-01 | 中南大学 | Three-dimensional porous current collector with gradient pore structure and preparation method and application thereof |
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