CN107231202B - LoRa working mode switching method, device and system - Google Patents

LoRa working mode switching method, device and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107231202B
CN107231202B CN201710509710.0A CN201710509710A CN107231202B CN 107231202 B CN107231202 B CN 107231202B CN 201710509710 A CN201710509710 A CN 201710509710A CN 107231202 B CN107231202 B CN 107231202B
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mode
rssi
sub
modes
channel
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CN107231202A (en
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王涛
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Suzhou Op Lighting Co Ltd
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Suzhou Op Lighting Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention provides a switching method, device and system of a LoRa working mode. The method is applied to a transmitter for communication by using a LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter is communicated with a receiver for communication by using the LoRa wireless technology, and a first channel and a second channel which are physically independent are respectively realized on the transmitter and the receiver, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing a LoRa working mode parameter table; and switching the working modes of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel to a target working mode by utilizing the first channel, the second channel and the constructed LoRa working mode parameter table so as to realize data transmission between the transmitter and the receiver by using the target working mode on the first channel. The embodiment of the invention can flexibly adjust the working modes of the transmitter and the receiver according to the data transmission condition of the transmitter and the receiver, improves the transmission efficiency, saves the power consumption and solves the problem of low transmission efficiency caused by adopting a fixed working mode in the prior art.

Description

LoRa working mode switching method, device and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of application of the Internet of things, in particular to a switching method, device and system of a LoRa (loRa) working mode.
Background
The rapid development of the internet of things puts higher demands on the wireless communication technology, and an LPWAN (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) designed for the application of the internet of things with Low bandwidth, low Power consumption, long distance and large quantity of connection is also rapidly emerging. LoRa is a typical representative of the communication technology, and is the low-power consumption wide area network communication technology with the most development prospect.
The LoRa radio frequency technology is a long-distance low-power-consumption narrowband Internet of things technology developed by Semtech company. The LoRa core is a LoRa spread spectrum technology, and the LoRa has the characteristics of high transmitting power and high receiving sensitivity. The working modes of the transmitter and the receiver, i.e. BW (bandwidth) and SF (Spreading Factor), must be the same for the LoRa to be able to work properly. BW is wide, the speed is high, and SF is large, so that the anti-interference capability is strong. Due to the complexity of the environment, the fixed working mode can lead to low transmission efficiency, and the technical problem needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, the present invention has been made to provide a method, apparatus and system for switching a LoRa operating mode that overcomes or at least partially solves the foregoing problems.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for switching a working mode of a LoRa, which is applied to a transmitter for communication using a LoRa wireless technology, where the transmitter communicates with a receiver using the LoRa wireless technology, and the transmitter and the receiver implement a first channel and a second channel that are physically independent, respectively, where the method includes:
Constructing a LoRa working mode parameter table, wherein the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes, frequency widths, spread spectrum factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes;
when the number of times of retransmission of data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is larger than a preset threshold value, acquiring the RSSI of a current link from a beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel, wherein the transmitter sends the data to the receiver through the first channel, and if a response message of successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset time length, the data is considered to be failed to be sent and re-sent, and meanwhile, the number of times of retransmission is counted;
comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa working mode parameter table, and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode and a bandwidth and a spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode;
transmitting the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode to the receiver through the second channel, so that the receiver switches the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode, and returns a message indicating that the switching is successful to the transmitter through the second channel;
And when receiving a message which is returned by the receiver through the second channel and indicates that the switching is successful, switching the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel to the target working mode so as to use the target working mode to carry out data transmission with the receiver on the first channel.
Optionally, the first channel is used for data signaling transmission, the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, and a transmission rate, a bandwidth and a spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed.
Optionally, before acquiring the RSSI of the current link from the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel, the method further includes:
when the number of times of retransmission of the data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold, transmitting an instruction for requesting the receiver to transmit a beacon through the first channel to the receiver through the second channel;
and receiving a beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction.
Optionally, the plurality of operation modes include modes with different transmission rates, each mode with different transmission rates includes a plurality of sub-modes, RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the modes with the same transmission rate are not overlapped or are overlapped in boundary, and the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the modes with different transmission rates are overlapped.
Optionally, the multiple sub-modes in the same transmission rate mode have the same bandwidth and different spreading factors.
Optionally, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa operating mode parameter table, to determine a target operating mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operating mode, including:
determining that the current working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates, namely a pending mode;
and comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode, and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode.
Optionally, determining that the current working mode belongs to any one of modes of the different transmission rates includes:
acquiring a preset default working mode on the first channel, wherein the default working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates;
and taking the default working mode as the current working mode.
Optionally, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the pending mode, and determining the target operation mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operation mode includes:
Judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all the sub-modes in the undetermined mode or not;
if yes, taking a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the RSSI of the current link as the target working mode;
if not, determining which two sub-modes of the undetermined modes are positioned between the RSSI of the current link, and selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as the target working mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, selecting the sub-mode with smaller spread spectrum factor from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if the RSSI of the current link is larger than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, judging whether an operation mode with a transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode exists in the plurality of operation modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
If yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with the transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode in the working modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI as the target working mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to that of the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the pending mode, judging whether a working mode with a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode exists in the modes;
If the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with transmission rate smaller than that of the undetermined mode in the modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI as the target working mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rates smaller than those of the undetermined modes, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
Optionally, the LoRa working mode parameter table further includes an index to identify each working mode.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a switching device of a LoRa working mode, applied to a transmitter for communicating by using a LoRa wireless technology, where the transmitter communicates with a receiver using the LoRa wireless technology, and the transmitter and the receiver implement a first channel and a second channel that are physically independent, respectively, where the device includes:
The device comprises a constructor, a processor and a memory, wherein the constructor is used for constructing a LoRa working mode parameter table, and the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes, frequency widths, spread spectrum factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes;
the acquirer is used for acquiring the RSSI of a current link from a beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel when the retransmission times of the data transmitted by the transmitter through the first channel to the receiver is larger than a preset threshold, wherein the transmitter transmits the data to the receiver through the first channel, and considers that the data transmission fails and retransmits the data when a response message of the successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset time length;
the comparator is connected with the constructor and the acquirer and is used for comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa working mode parameter table and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode, and a bandwidth and a spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode;
the parameter transmitter is connected with the comparator and is used for transmitting the bandwidth and the spread spectrum factor corresponding to the target working mode to the receiver through the second channel so that the receiver can switch the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and the spread spectrum factor corresponding to the target working mode and return a message indicating successful switching to the transmitter through the second channel;
And the switcher is connected with the parameter transmitter and is used for switching the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel to the target working mode when receiving a message which is returned by the receiver through the second channel and indicates that the switching is successful, so that the target working mode is used for carrying out data transmission with the receiver on the first channel.
Optionally, the first channel is used for data signaling transmission, the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, and a transmission rate, a bandwidth and a spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes:
an instruction transmitter, configured to, before the acquirer acquires the RSSI of the current link from the beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel, transmit, to the receiver through the second channel, an instruction requesting the receiver to transmit the beacon through the first channel when the number of retransmissions of data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold;
and the beacon receiver is connected with the instruction transmitter and is used for receiving the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction.
Optionally, the plurality of operation modes include modes with different transmission rates, each mode with different transmission rates includes a plurality of sub-modes, RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the modes with the same transmission rate are not overlapped or are overlapped in boundary, and the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the modes with different transmission rates are overlapped.
Optionally, the multiple sub-modes in the same transmission rate mode have the same bandwidth and different spreading factors.
Optionally, the comparator includes:
a determining unit, configured to determine that the current operation mode belongs to any one of modes of the different transmission rates, which is called a pending mode;
and the comparison unit is connected with the determination unit and is used for comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined modes and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is about to be switched from the current working mode.
Optionally, the determining unit is further configured to:
acquiring a preset default working mode on the first channel, wherein the default working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates;
And taking the default working mode as the current working mode.
Optionally, the comparing unit is further configured to:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all the sub-modes in the undetermined mode or not;
if yes, taking a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the RSSI of the current link as the target working mode;
if not, determining which two sub-modes of the undetermined modes are positioned between the RSSI of the current link, and selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as the target working mode.
Optionally, the comparing unit is further configured to:
and if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, selecting the sub-mode with smaller spread spectrum factor from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode.
Optionally, the comparing unit is further configured to:
if the RSSI of the current link is larger than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, judging whether an operation mode with a transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode exists in the plurality of operation modes;
If the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with the transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode in the working modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI as the target working mode.
Optionally, the comparing unit is further configured to:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to that of the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
Optionally, the comparing unit is further configured to:
if the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the pending mode, judging whether a working mode with a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode exists in the modes;
If the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with transmission rate smaller than that of the undetermined mode in the modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI as the target working mode.
Optionally, the comparing unit is further configured to:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rates smaller than those of the undetermined modes, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
Optionally, the LoRa working mode parameter table further includes an index to identify each working mode.
According to still another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a switching system for a LoRa working mode, including: the system comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are communicated by adopting a LoRa wireless technology, and a first channel and a second channel which are physically independent are respectively realized on the transmitter and the receiver;
The transmitter is provided with the switching device of the LoRa working mode, and the working mode of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel is switched to a target working mode through the switching device, so that the data transmission between the transmitter and the receiver is realized by using the target working mode on the first channel.
In the embodiment of the invention, a transmitter and a receiver communicate by adopting a LoRa wireless technology, a first channel and a second channel which are physically independent are respectively realized on the transmitter and the receiver, and a LoRa working mode parameter table is constructed on the transmitter, wherein the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes, frequency bandwidths, spread spectrum factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes. When the number of times of retransmission of data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is larger than a preset threshold, the RSSI of the current link is obtained from the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel, and then the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa working mode parameter table, so that the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode are determined. And then, the transmitter transmits the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode to the receiver through the second channel, so that the receiver switches the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode, and returns a message indicating that the switching is successful to the transmitter through the second channel. And when receiving a message which is returned by the receiver through the second channel and indicates that the switching is successful, switching the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel to a target working mode so as to use the target working mode to carry out data transmission with the receiver on the first channel. It can be seen that the embodiment of the invention can flexibly adjust the working modes of the transmitter and the receiver according to the data transmission condition of the transmitter and the receiver, improves the transmission efficiency, saves the power consumption and solves the problem of low transmission efficiency caused by adopting a fixed working mode in the prior art.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
The above, as well as additional objectives, advantages, and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for switching LoRa operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a LoRa physical independence two channel schematic representation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3A illustrates a flow chart of a method of determining a target operating mode to which a transmitter is about to switch from a current operating mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3B illustrates a flow chart of a method of determining a target operating mode to which a transmitter is about to switch from a current operating mode in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device for LoRa operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device for LoRa operation mode according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a switching system of the LoRa operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As described above, the prior art adopts a fixed working mode, which results in low transmission efficiency and large power consumption for a complex environment. In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a switching method, a switching device and a switching system for a LoRa working mode, which can flexibly adjust the LoRa working mode, improve transmission efficiency and save power consumption.
The switching method of the LoRa working mode is applied to a transmitter adopting the LoRa wireless technology for communication, the transmitter and a receiver adopting the LoRa wireless technology are used for communication, and a first channel and a second channel which are physically independent are respectively realized on the transmitter and the receiver.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a switching method of the LoRa operation mode according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method may include the following steps S102 to S110.
Step S102, a LoRa working mode parameter table is constructed, wherein the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes, and bandwidths, spread spectrum factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes.
Step S104, when the number of times of retransmission of the data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is larger than a preset threshold, the RSSI of the current link is obtained from the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel, wherein the transmitter sends the data to the receiver through the first channel, if the response message of the successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset time period, the data is considered to be failed to be sent and retransmitted, and meanwhile, the number of times of retransmission is counted.
In this step, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication ) is an optional part of the wireless transmission layer to determine link quality, and embodiments of the present invention may determine the target operating mode to be switched based on the RSSI of the current link.
Step S106, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa working mode parameter table, and determining the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
Step S108, the bandwidth and the spread spectrum factor corresponding to the target working mode are sent to the receiver through the second channel, so that the receiver switches the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and the spread spectrum factor corresponding to the target working mode, and a message indicating that the switching is successful is returned to the transmitter through the second channel.
Step S110, when receiving a message indicating that the switching is successful, which is returned by the receiver through the second channel, the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel is switched to the target working mode, so that the data transmission is carried out between the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel by using the target working mode.
The switching method of the LoRa working mode provided by the embodiment of the invention can flexibly adjust the working modes of the transmitter and the receiver according to the data transmission condition of the transmitter and the receiver, improves the transmission efficiency, saves the power consumption and solves the problem of low transmission efficiency caused by adopting a fixed working mode in the prior art.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter and the receiver respectively implement the first channel and the second channel that are physically independent, and in the implementation, the transmitter and the receiver may implement the first channel and the second channel that are physically independent in a manner as shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, the MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit) on the device (transmitter or receiver) is connected to the RF (Radio Frequency) of the LoRa via the SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface ) bus, and the RF and Ant (Antenna) constitute the channel. Specifically, MCU connects LoRa RF1 and LoRa RF2 through SPI bus, loRa RF1 and Ant1 constitute first passageway, loRa RF2 and Ant2 constitute the second passageway. Here, the first channel may use a default transmit Power, and the second channel may increase the transmit Power by increasing a PA (Power Amplifier).
The first channel is used for data signaling transmission, the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, the first channel and the second channel work in different frequency bands, the transmission rate of the first channel can be changed, and the transmission rate, the bandwidth and the spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed. And the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, is a very good channel, and the control signaling transmission can be completed usually by one communication, and particularly, the bandwidth of the second channel is as small as possible, and the spreading factor is as large as possible. For example, the bandwidth of the second channel may be less than all of the bandwidths set on the first channel, and the spreading factor of the second channel may be equal to the maximum spreading factor set on the first channel. Of course, this is by way of example only and is not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention defines that the data frame interaction is response type, and the transmitter can determine that the data transmission is successful only when receiving an ack (acknowledgement) frame replied by the receiver within a set time after transmitting the data frame through the first channel; likewise, the embodiment of the invention defines that the control frame interaction is responsive, and the transmitter can determine that the control frame is successfully transmitted only after receiving the ack frame replied by the receiver within a specified time after transmitting the control frame through the second channel.
In the embodiment of the invention, the transmitter transmits data to the receiver through the first channel, and if the response message (i.e. the ack frame) of the successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within the preset time length, the data transmission is considered to be failed and the data is retransmitted, and meanwhile, the retransmission times are counted. And then, when the number of times of retransmission of the data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is larger than a preset threshold value, acquiring the RSSI of the current link from the beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel.
In a specific implementation, when the number of times of retransmission of data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold, the transmitter sends an instruction to the receiver through the second channel, the receiver sends a beacon through the first channel, and then the receiver obtains the RSSI of the current link from the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel. As previously described, the second channel is used for control signaling, which is a very good channel, and control signaling is usually accomplished in one communication, so that the transmitter sends an instruction to the receiver via the second channel requesting the receiver to send a beacon via the first channel, which instruction can successfully reach the receiver, and the receiver can send a beacon via the first channel according to the instruction. In some cases, if a communication cannot be completed, i.e., the instruction fails to reach the receiver successfully, the transmitter may send an instruction to the receiver via the second channel again after waiting for a specified period of time, requesting the receiver to send a beacon via the first channel, until the receiver receives successfully the beacon sent via the first channel according to the instruction. Here, the number of retransmissions by the transmitter may be a number of times until the transmitter successfully receives the beacon transmitted by the receiver via the first channel according to the instruction. In an alternative embodiment, the transmitter may receive a plurality of beacons sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction, obtain a plurality of RSSI from the plurality of beacons, and further calculate the RSSI of the current link according to the plurality of RSSI. For example, an average value may be calculated for a plurality of RSSI as the RSSI of the current link, or the lowest RSSI among the plurality of RSSI may be used as the RSSI of the current link, or the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of working modes in the LoRa working mode parameter table include modes with different transmission rates, each mode with different transmission rates includes a plurality of sub-modes, the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with the same transmission rate are not overlapped or overlap in boundary, and the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with different transmission rates overlap, where overlap refers to that there is an intersection in an interval other than the boundary. In addition, multiple sub-modes in the same transmission rate mode have the same bandwidth and different spreading factors.
For example, the plurality of working modes in the LoRa working mode parameter table include a first mode, a second mode and a third mode, wherein the transmission rate of the first mode is greater than that of the second mode, and the transmission rate of the second mode is greater than that of the third mode. Since the transmission rate of the first mode is greater than that of the second mode, which is greater than that of the third mode, the first mode may also be referred to as a high-speed mode, the second mode as a medium-speed mode, and the third mode as a low-speed mode.
Further, the first mode may include a plurality of first sub-modes, the second mode may include a plurality of second sub-modes, and the third mode may also include a plurality of third sub-modes. The RSSI ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes do not overlap or overlap in boundary, the RSSI ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes do not overlap or overlap in boundary, and the RSSI ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes do not overlap or overlap in boundary. In addition, the RSSI range ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes, the second sub-modes, and the third sub-modes overlap with each other, and overlap refers to an intersection in a range other than the boundary. In an alternative embodiment, each of the plurality of first sub-modes has the same bandwidth and a different spreading factor, each of the plurality of second sub-modes has the same bandwidth and a different spreading factor, and each of the plurality of third sub-modes has the same bandwidth and a different spreading factor.
In step S106, the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa operation mode parameter table to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode.
Further, when determining that the current working mode belongs to any one of modes with different transmission rates, the embodiment of the invention provides an optional scheme, that is, a default working mode on a preset first channel can be obtained, wherein the default working mode belongs to any one of modes with different transmission rates, and then the default working mode is taken as the current working mode. That is, when the transmitter and the receiver are started, the current operation mode of the transmitter may be obtained from the default operation modes on the first channel that are set in advance.
The embodiment of the invention can compare the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined modes to determine the target working mode to which the transmitter is about to be switched from the current working mode, and specifically, the target working mode is determined through the steps shown in fig. 3A and 3B.
Fig. 3A shows a flowchart of a method of determining a target operation mode to which a transmitter is about to be switched from a current operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention, see fig. 3A, including the following steps S301 to S307.
Step S301, judging whether the RSSI of the current link exceeds the boundary of the undetermined mode, namely judging whether the RSSI of the current link is larger than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, if so, continuing to execute the step S302; if not, the process continues to step S305.
Step S302, judging whether a higher-speed mode exists, namely judging whether a plurality of working modes exist with a transmission rate larger than that of a pending mode, if so, continuing to execute step S303; if not, the step S304 is continued.
Step S303, the pending mode is changed, that is, the pending mode is adjusted to an operation mode with a transmission rate greater than that of the pending mode, and the execution returns to step S301.
In this step, if there are a plurality of operation modes including an operation mode having a transmission rate greater than that of the pending mode, an operation mode having a transmission rate value closest to that of the pending mode is selected as the adjusted pending mode.
Step S304, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI as a target working mode, and ending the flow.
Step S305, judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all the sub-modes in the undetermined modes, if so, continuing to execute step S306; if not, the process continues to step S307.
In this step, the RSSI interval range may take two endpoints (i.e., boundaries), one of the two endpoints, or neither of the two endpoints. For example, the RSSI interval range takes two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128], and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the RSSI of the current link belongs to [ -125, -128]. For another example, the RSSI interval range takes one of the two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128), and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the RSSI of the current link does not belong to [ -125, -128). For another example, the RSSI interval range does not take two endpoints, labeled (-125, -128), if the RSSI of the current link is-125, the RSSI of the current link does not belong to (-125, -128); if the RSSI of the current link is-128, then the RSSI of the current link is also not (-125, -128).
Step S306, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the current link as the target working mode, and ending the flow.
Step S307, determining which two sub-modes of the undetermined modes the RSSI of the current link is located between, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as the target working mode, and ending the flow.
In this step, if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, a sub-mode with a smaller spreading factor may be selected from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode. For example, we set the RSSI interval range to not include the boundary value, the RSSI of the current link is-128, the determined RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two sub-modes are (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), and then-128 does not belong to the interval ranges of the two sub-modes. It can also be seen that the current link RSSI is zero for both-128 and (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), then embodiments of the present invention can be used in the case of (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) selecting a sub-mode with a smaller spreading factor as a target working mode, so that the anti-interference capability of the first channel is stronger. The examples are given here by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 3B shows a flowchart of a method of determining a target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from a current operation mode according to another embodiment of the present invention, see fig. 3B, including the following steps S311 to S317.
Step S311, judging whether the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the boundary of the undetermined mode, namely judging whether the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, if so, continuing to execute step S312; if not, the step S315 is continued.
Step S312, judging whether a lower-speed mode exists, namely judging whether a plurality of working modes exist with a transmission rate smaller than that of a pending mode, if so, continuing to execute step S313; if not, the process continues to step S314.
Step S313, the pending mode is changed, that is, the pending mode is adjusted to an operation mode with a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode, and the execution returns to step S311.
In this step, if there are a plurality of operation modes including an operation mode having a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode, an operation mode having a transmission rate value closest to that of the pending mode is selected as the adjusted pending mode.
Step S314, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI as a target working mode, and ending the flow.
Step S315, judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all the sub-modes in the undetermined modes, if so, continuing to execute step S316; if not, the step S317 is continued.
In this step, the RSSI range may be two endpoints, one of the two endpoints may be taken, or both endpoints may not be taken. For example, the RSSI interval range takes two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128], and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the RSSI of the current link belongs to [ -125, -128]. For another example, the RSSI interval range takes one of the two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128), and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the RSSI of the current link does not belong to [ -125, -128). For another example, the RSSI interval range does not take two endpoints, labeled (-125, -128), if the RSSI of the current link is-125, the RSSI of the current link does not belong to (-125, -128); if the RSSI of the current link is-128, then the RSSI of the current link is also not (-125, -128).
Step S316, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the current link as the target working mode, and ending the flow.
Step S317, determining which two sub-modes of the pending mode the RSSI of the current link is located between, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as the target working mode, and ending the flow.
In this step, if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, a sub-mode with a smaller spreading factor may be selected from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode. For example, the RSSI of the current link is-128, the range of the RSSI intervals corresponding to the two determined sub-modes is (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), and it can be seen that the difference distances between the RSSI of the current link and (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) are the same, so that the sub-mode with smaller spreading factor can be selected from (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) as the target working mode in the embodiment of the invention. The examples are given here by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Next, taking the above-mentioned multiple operation modes including the first mode (also referred to as a high-speed mode), the second mode (also referred to as a medium-speed mode), and the third mode (also referred to as a low-speed mode) as an example, in step S106, the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa operation mode parameter table, and the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode is determined, it may be determined that the current operation mode belongs to any one of the first mode, the second mode, and the third mode, which is referred to as a pending mode, and then the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the pending mode, and it is determined that the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode to the target operation mode. Further, the processing manner of the embodiment of the present invention is different for different modes to which the current working mode belongs, specifically:
If the current working mode belongs to the first mode, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each first sub-mode, and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode;
if the current working mode belongs to the second mode, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each second sub-mode, and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode;
if the current working mode belongs to the third mode, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each third sub-mode, and determining the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode.
The embodiment of the invention sets the default mode value in the working mode of the transmitter on the first channel, and can acquire the current working mode from the default mode value when determining that the current working mode belongs to any one mode of the first mode, the second mode and the third mode, namely, the working mode recorded by the default mode value is used as the current working mode. In practical applications, the working mode of the default mode value record may be a first mode, a second mode or a third mode, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, when comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes (i.e., the first sub-mode, the second sub-mode, and the third sub-mode), there is also a switch between the first mode, the second mode, and the third mode, which will be described in detail below.
In the first case, the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each first sub-mode, and the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode is determined.
In the first case, it is first determined whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI range corresponding to a certain sub-mode of the first sub-modes.
If the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in the first sub-modes, the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode. Here, the RSSI range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs is a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs among the respective first sub-modes. The RSSI range may be two endpoints (i.e., boundaries), one of the two endpoints, or both endpoints may be omitted. For example, the RSSI interval range takes two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128], and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the RSSI of the current link belongs to [ -125, -128]. For another example, the RSSI interval range takes one of the two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128), and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the RSSI of the current link does not belong to [ -125, -128). For another example, the RSSI interval range does not take two endpoints, labeled (-125, -128), if the RSSI of the current link is-125, the RSSI of the current link does not belong to (-125, -128); if the RSSI of the current link is-128, then the RSSI of the current link is also not (-125, -128).
If the RSSI of the current link does not belong to the RSSI interval range corresponding to any sub-mode in the first sub-modes, determining which two sub-modes in the first sub-modes are located between the RSSI of the current link, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode, and taking the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode. In this step, if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, a sub-mode with a smaller spreading factor may be selected from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode. For example, the RSSI of the current link is-128, the range of the RSSI intervals corresponding to the two determined sub-modes is (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), and it can be seen that the difference distances between the RSSI of the current link and (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) are the same, so that the sub-mode with smaller spreading factor can be selected from (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) as the target working mode in the embodiment of the invention. The examples are given here by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
If the RSSI of the current link is greater than or equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each first sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each first sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is less than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined by the scheme provided in the following case two.
And secondly, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each second sub-mode, and determining the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode.
In the second case, it is first determined whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI range corresponding to a certain sub-mode of the second sub-modes.
If the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in the second sub-modes, the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link does not belong to the RSSI interval range corresponding to any sub-mode in the second sub-modes, determining which sub-mode in the second sub-modes is located between the RSSI of the current link, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode, and taking the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each second sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as a target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode are taken as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode;
If the RSSI of the current link is greater than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined specifically by the scheme provided in the case one above.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each second sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is less than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined specifically by the scheme provided in case three below.
And thirdly, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range corresponding to each third sub-mode to determine the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode.
In the third case, it is first determined whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI range corresponding to a certain sub-mode among the third sub-modes.
If the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in the third sub-modes, the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link does not belong to the RSSI interval range corresponding to any sub-mode in the third sub-modes, determining which sub-mode in the third sub-modes is located between the RSSI of the current link, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode, and taking the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each third sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is greater than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined specifically by the scheme provided in the case two above.
In the first case, when the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes, the second case is skipped to determine the target operation mode, that is, the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, so as to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operation mode.
Likewise, in the second case, when the RSSI of the current link is greater than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, then jumping to the first case to determine the target operating mode, that is, comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range corresponding to the first sub-modes, and determining the target operating mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operating mode; when the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, the third condition is skipped to determine the target working mode, namely the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined.
Continuing to be the same, in the third case, when the RSSI of the current link is greater than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes, the second case is skipped to determine the target operation mode, that is, the RSSI of the current link is compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, and the target operation mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operation mode is determined.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, an index may also be included in the LoRa operating mode parameter table to identify each operating mode. For example, index labels may be employed to identify each of the first sub-patterns, each of the second sub-patterns, and each of the third sub-patterns in the first pattern.
Having described in detail the various implementations of the various links of the embodiments of fig. 1, 2 and 3, the detailed description of the implementation of the method for switching a LoRa operating mode of the present invention will be given below by way of a specific embodiment. It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the invention.
First, physically separate first and second channels are implemented at the transmitter and receiver, respectively, in the manner shown in fig. 2. Specifically, MCU on the transmitter or the receiver connects LoRa RF1 and LoRa RF2 through SPI bus, loRa RF1 and Ant1 form first channel, loRa RF2 and Ant2 form second channel, first channel and second channel work in different frequency channels, first channel is used for data signaling transmission, second channel is used for control signaling transmission. And, the first channel can adopt default transmitting power, and the second channel can increase transmitting power by increasing PA. In addition, the transmission rate of the first channel may be variable, and the transmission rate, bandwidth, and spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed. And the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, is a very good channel, and the control signaling transmission can be completed usually by one communication, and particularly, the bandwidth of the second channel is as small as possible, and the spreading factor is as large as possible. For example, the bandwidth of the second channel may be less than all of the bandwidths set on the first channel, and the spreading factor of the second channel may be equal to the maximum spreading factor set on the first channel.
And secondly, constructing a specific LoRa working mode parameter table, wherein the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes with different transmission rates, namely a first mode, a second mode and a third mode, the transmission rate of the first mode is greater than that of the second mode, and the transmission rate of the second mode is greater than that of the third mode. Since the transmission rate of the first mode is greater than that of the second mode, which is greater than that of the third mode, the first mode may also be referred to as a high-speed mode, the second mode as a medium-speed mode, and the third mode as a low-speed mode. The first mode may include a plurality of first sub-modes, the second mode may include a plurality of second sub-modes, and the third mode may include a plurality of third sub-modes. In addition, the LoRa working mode parameter table also includes bandwidth BW, spreading factor SF, and received signal strength indication RSSI interval range corresponding to each working mode.
In order to construct a specific list of working modes of LoRa, each sub-mode of multiple working modes with different transmission rates in LoRa is defined as m i It may include { index } i ,bw i ,sf i ,rssi_low i ,rssi_high i Five attributes, wherein index is an index, bw and sf are bandwidth and spreading factor of LoRa, rsi_low and rsi_high are the range of the RSSI interval indicated by the received signal strength corresponding to the mode, and i is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 20 in this embodiment. Here, the index numbers may be numerical values of 0 to 20, wherein indexes 0 to 6 correspond to a first mode, also referred to as a high-speed mode; indexes 7 to 13 correspond to a second mode, also called medium speed mode; indexes 14 through 20 correspond to a third mode, also referred to as a low speed mode. Thus, defining a plurality of modes of operation comprising the five attributes described above constructs a particular list of LoRa mode of operation parameters, and table 1 shows a particular list of LoRa mode of operation parameters, which should be understood to be exemplary only and not limiting. It can be seen that in table 1, there are cases where the end values (i.e., boundaries) of the RSSI interval ranges are the same, for example, the end values-128 of the index 10 and the index 11 are the same, so in order to ensure that the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode of the same transmission rate do not overlap, in this embodiment, the RSSI interval ranges do not take two ends.
TABLE 1
Index bw(KHz) sf rssi_low(dBm) rssi_high(dBm)
0 500 6 -111 -112
1 500 7 -116 -118
2 500 8 -119 -121
3 500 9 -122 -124
4 500 10 -125 -127
5 500 11 -128 -129
6 500 12 -130 -130
7 250 6 -115 -118
8 250 7 -120 -122
9 250 8 -123 -125
10 250 9 -125 -128
11 250 10 -128 -131
12 250 11 -130 -133
13 250 12 -133 -134
14 125 6 -118 -121
15 125 7 -123 -125
16 125 8 -126 -128
17 125 9 -129 -131
18 125 10 -132 -134
19 125 11 -133 -136
20 125 12 -136 -137
As can be seen in table 1, each of the first sub-modes (modes corresponding to indexes 0 to 6) has the same bandwidth and different spreading factors, each of the second sub-modes (modes corresponding to indexes 7 to 13) has the same bandwidth and different spreading factors, and each of the third sub-modes (modes corresponding to indexes 14 to 20) has the same bandwidth and different spreading factors. And moreover, the bw is wide, the speed is high, and the sf is large, so that the anti-interference capability is strong.
In this particular embodiment, the operating mode of the transmitter and receiver on the first channel defaults to the first mode, i.e., the high speed mode. That is, the default mode value is set to the first mode in the operation modes of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel. In this way, when the transmitter determines that the current operation mode belongs to any one of the first mode, the second mode and the third mode, the operation mode recorded by the default mode value can be used as the current operation mode, namely the first mode is used as the current operation mode, and the current operation mode is recorded as m 0 {bw 0 ,sf 0 }。
As described above, the transmission rate of the first channel may be variable, and the transmission rate, bandwidth, and spreading factor of the second channel may be fixed. Thus, the operation mode of the transmitter and receiver on the second channel may be set to { bw1, sf1}, where bw1 is greater than bw 0 Small, sf1 is equal to sf 0 。
And then, the transmitter transmits data to the receiver through the first channel, if the response message (i.e. the ack frame) of the successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset time period, the data transmission is considered to be failed, the data is retransmitted, and meanwhile, the retransmission times are counted. And then, when the number of times of retransmission of the data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is larger than a preset threshold value, the transmitter sends an instruction for requesting the receiver to send a beacon through the first channel to the receiver through the second channel, and then the receiver receives the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction, and further obtains the RSSI of the current link from the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel.
Since the second channel is a very good channel for control signaling, which is typically done in one communication, the transmitter sends an instruction to the receiver via the second channel requesting the receiver to send a beacon via the first channel, which instruction can successfully reach the receiver and the receiver can send a beacon via the first channel according to the instruction. In some cases, if a communication cannot be completed, i.e., the instruction fails to reach the receiver successfully, the transmitter may send an instruction to the receiver via the second channel again after waiting for a specified period of time, requesting the receiver to send a beacon via the first channel, until the receiver receives successfully the beacon sent via the first channel according to the instruction. Here, the number of retransmissions by the transmitter may be a number of times until the transmitter successfully receives the beacon transmitted by the receiver via the first channel according to the instruction. In an alternative embodiment, the transmitter may receive a plurality of beacons sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction, obtain a plurality of RSSI from the plurality of beacons, and further calculate the RSSI of the current link according to the plurality of RSSI. For example, an average value may be calculated for a plurality of RSSI as the RSSI of the current link, or the lowest RSSI among the plurality of RSSI may be used as the RSSI of the current link, or the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Next, the transmitter compares the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa operating mode parameter table to determine the target operating mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operating mode, and the bandwidth and spreading factor corresponding to the target operating mode.
Specifically, it is first determined that the current operation mode belongs to any one of the first mode, the second mode and the third mode, and since the operation modes of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel default to the first mode, i.e., the high-speed mode, the above-described scheme of the first case can be adopted to determine the target operation mode. The following is more clearly described in connection with the specific LoRa operating mode parameter table constructed above.
1. Switching of the operation mode in the first mode (i.e. the high speed mode).
Step 1.1, if rsi_low i ＜RSSI＜rssi_high i (0.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.6), then m is selected i Otherwise, executing the step 1.2;
step 1.2, if min (|RSSI-rsi_high) i |,|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 |)＝|RSSI-rssi_high i I (0.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.5), then m is chosen i Otherwise, executing the step 1.3;
step 1.3, if min (|RSSI-rsi_high) i |,|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 |)＝|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 I (0.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.5), then m is chosen i+1 Otherwise, executing the step 1.4;
step 1.4, if RSSI is greater than or equal to rssi_high i (i=0), then select m i Otherwise, executing the step 1.5;
step 1.5, if rssi=rsi_low i (i=6), then select m i Otherwise, executing the step 1.6;
step 1.6, if RSSI < rsi_low i (i=6), a second mode (i.e., medium speed mode) is entered, in which the operation mode selection is continued.
2. And switching of the operation mode in the second mode (i.e., medium speed mode).
Step 2.1, if rsi_low i ＜RSSI＜rssi_high i (7.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.13), then m is selected i Otherwise, executing the step 2.2;
step 2.2, if min (|RSSI-rsi_high) i |,|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 |)＝|RSSI-rssi_high i I (7.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.12), then m is chosen i Otherwise, executing the step 2.3;
step 2.3, if min (|RSSI-rsi_high) i |,|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 |)＝|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 I (7.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.12), then m is chosen i+1 Otherwise, executing the step 2.4;
in step 2.2 and step 2.3, if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, a sub-mode with a smaller spreading factor may be selected from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode. For example, the RSSI of the current link is-128, the range of the RSSI interval corresponding to the two determined sub-modes is (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), and it can be seen that the difference distances of the RSSI of the current link are the same as those of the RSSI of the current link of (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), so that the sub-mode with smaller spreading factor, namely the mode corresponding to the index 11, can be selected from the sub-modes of (-125, -128) and (-128, -131 as the target working mode. The examples are given here by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Step 2.4, if rssi=rsi_high i (i=7), then select m i Otherwise, executing the step 2.5;
step 2.5, if RSSI > rsi_highi (i=7), entering a first mode (i.e. a high speed mode), and continuing to select the working mode in the first mode;
step 2.6, if rssi=rsi_low i (i=13), then select m i Otherwise, executing the step 2.7;
step 2.7, if RSSI < rsi_low i (i=13), a third mode (i.e., a low-speed mode) is entered, in which the operation mode selection is continued.
3. And switching of the operation mode in the third mode (i.e., the low-speed mode).
Step 3.1, if rsi_low i ＜RSSI＜rssi_high i (14.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.20), then m is selected i Otherwise, executing the step 3.2;
step 3.2, if min (|RSSI-rsi_high) i |,|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 |)＝|RSSI-rssi_high i I (14.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.19), then m is chosen i Otherwise, executing the step 3.3;
step 3.3, if min (|RSSI-rsi_high) i |,|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 |)＝|RSSI-rssi_low i+1 I (14.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.19), then m is chosen i+1 Otherwise, executing the step 3.4;
step 3.4, if rssi=rsi_high i (i=14), then select m i Otherwise, executing the step 3.5;
step 3.5, if RSSI > rsi_highi (i=14), entering a second mode (i.e. medium speed mode), and continuing to select the working mode in the second mode.
And then, the determined bandwidth and spreading factor mi { bw, sf } corresponding to the target working mode is sent to the receiver through the second channel, so that the receiver switches the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode, and a message indicating that the switching is successful is returned to the transmitter through the second channel.
And finally, when receiving a message which is returned by the receiver through the second channel and indicates that the switching is successful, switching the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel to a target working mode so as to use the target working mode to carry out data transmission with the receiver on the first channel.
The above describes the case that the operation mode of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel defaults to the first mode, and in practical application, the operation mode of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel may also defaults to the second mode or the third mode.
The working modes of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel default to the second mode, namely the medium speed mode, and the target working mode can be determined by adopting the scheme in the second case, namely the medium speed mode, and the second mode (namely the medium speed mode) can be firstly entered for switching the working modes.
The working modes of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel default to the third mode, i.e. the low-speed mode, and the target working mode can be determined by adopting the scheme in the third case described above, i.e. the third mode (i.e. the low-speed mode) can be entered first to switch the working modes.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a switching device of the LoRa working mode, which is applied to a transmitter for communication by adopting the LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter communicates with a receiver by adopting the LoRa wireless technology, and a first channel and a second channel which are physically independent are respectively realized on the transmitter and the receiver. Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a switching device for a LoRa operation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the device may include: builder 410, acquirer 420, comparator 430, parameter transmitter 440, and switcher 450.
A constructor 410, configured to construct a LoRa working mode parameter table, where the LoRa working mode parameter table includes a plurality of working modes, and bandwidths, spreading factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes;
an acquirer 420, configured to acquire, when the number of retransmissions of data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold, an RSSI of a current link from a beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel, where the transmitter sends the data to the receiver through the first channel, and if a response message of successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset duration, consider that the data transmission fails, and retransmit, and at the same time, count the number of retransmissions;
the comparator 430 is connected to the constructor 410 and the acquirer 420, and is configured to compare the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa operating mode parameter table, and determine the target operating mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operating mode, and the bandwidth and spreading factor corresponding to the target operating mode;
a parameter transmitter 440, connected to the comparator 430, for transmitting the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target operation mode to the receiver through the second channel, so that the receiver switches the operation mode on the first channel to the target operation mode according to the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target operation mode, and returns a message indicating that the switching is successful to the transmitter through the second channel;
And a switcher 450, connected to the parameter transmitter 440, for switching the current operation mode of the transmitter on the first channel to the target operation mode when receiving the message indicating that the switching is successful, which is returned by the receiver through the second channel, so as to use the target operation mode to perform data transmission with the receiver on the first channel.
The switching device for the LoRa working mode provided by the embodiment of the invention can flexibly adjust the working modes of the transmitter and the receiver according to the data transmission condition of the transmitter and the receiver, improves the transmission efficiency, saves the power consumption and solves the problem of low transmission efficiency caused by adopting a fixed working mode in the prior art.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter and the receiver respectively implement the first channel and the second channel that are physically independent, and in the implementation, the transmitter and the receiver may implement the first channel and the second channel that are physically independent in a manner as shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, the MCU on the device (transmitter or receiver) connects the RF, RF and Ant of the LoRa via the SPI bus to make up the channel. Specifically, MCU connects LoRa RF1 and LoRa RF2 through SPI bus, loRa RF1 and Ant1 constitute first passageway, loRa RF2 and Ant2 constitute the second passageway. Here, the first channel may use a default transmit power, and the second channel may achieve an increased transmit power by increasing the PA.
The first channel is used for data signaling transmission, the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, the first channel and the second channel work in different frequency bands, the transmission rate of the first channel can be changed, and the transmission rate, the bandwidth and the spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed. And the second channel is used for control signaling transmission, is a very good channel, and the control signaling transmission can be completed usually by one communication, and particularly, the bandwidth of the second channel is as small as possible, and the spreading factor is as large as possible. For example, the bandwidth of the second channel may be less than all of the bandwidths set on the first channel, and the spreading factor of the second channel may be equal to the maximum spreading factor set on the first channel. Of course, this is by way of example only and is not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention defines that the data frame interaction is responsive, and the transmitter can determine that the data transmission is successful only when receiving the ack frame replied by the receiver within a set time after transmitting the data frame through the first channel; likewise, the embodiment of the invention defines that the control frame interaction is responsive, and the transmitter can determine that the control frame is successfully transmitted only after receiving the ack frame replied by the receiver within a specified time after transmitting the control frame through the second channel. The apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include a data frame transmitter (not shown in the drawing), where the data frame transmitter transmits the data frame through the first channel.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter sends data to the receiver through the first channel, if the response message (i.e., the ack frame) of the successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset period of time, the data is considered to be failed to be sent, and the data is resent, and the acquirer 420 counts the resending times. Thereafter, when the number of retransmissions of the data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than the preset threshold, the acquirer 420 acquires the RSSI of the current link from the beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus illustrated in fig. 4 above may further include:
an instruction transmitter 510, connected to the acquirer 420, for transmitting an instruction to request the receiver to transmit the beacon through the first channel through the second channel when the number of retransmissions of the data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold before the acquirer 420 acquires the RSSI of the current link from the beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel;
the beacon receiver 520 is connected to the instruction transmitter 510, and is configured to receive a beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction. Here, the beacon receiver 520 may receive a plurality of beacons transmitted by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction, acquire a plurality of RSSI from the plurality of beacons, respectively, and calculate the RSSI of the current link according to the plurality of RSSI. For example, an average value may be calculated for a plurality of RSSI as the RSSI of the current link, or the lowest RSSI among the plurality of RSSI may be used as the RSSI of the current link, or the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiments of the present invention may transmit the control frame through the parameter transmitter 440 or the instruction transmitter 510 through the second channel.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of working modes in the LoRa working mode parameter table include modes with different transmission rates, each mode with different transmission rates includes a plurality of sub-modes, the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with the same transmission rate are not overlapped or overlap in boundary, and the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with different transmission rates overlap, where overlap refers to that there is an intersection in an interval other than the boundary. In addition, multiple sub-modes in the same transmission rate mode have the same bandwidth and different spreading factors.
For example, the plurality of working modes in the LoRa working mode parameter table include a first mode, a second mode and a third mode, wherein the transmission rate of the first mode is greater than that of the second mode, and the transmission rate of the second mode is greater than that of the third mode. Since the transmission rate of the first mode is greater than that of the second mode, which is greater than that of the third mode, the first mode may also be referred to as a high-speed mode, the second mode as a medium-speed mode, and the third mode as a low-speed mode.
Further, the first mode may include a plurality of first sub-modes, the second mode may include a plurality of second sub-modes, and the third mode may also include a plurality of third sub-modes. The RSSI ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes do not overlap or overlap in boundary, the RSSI ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes do not overlap or overlap in boundary, and the RSSI ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes do not overlap or overlap in boundary. In addition, the RSSI range ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes, the second sub-modes, and the third sub-modes overlap with each other, and overlap refers to an intersection in a range other than the boundary. In an alternative embodiment, each of the plurality of first sub-modes has the same bandwidth and a different spreading factor, each of the plurality of second sub-modes has the same bandwidth and a different spreading factor, and each of the plurality of third sub-modes has the same bandwidth and a different spreading factor.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the comparator 430 may include:
a determining unit 431, configured to determine that the current operation mode belongs to any one of modes with different transmission rates, which is called a pending mode;
And a comparing unit 432, connected to the determining unit 431, for comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the pending mode, to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the determining unit 431 is further adapted to:
acquiring a default working mode on a preset first channel, wherein the default working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates;
and taking the default working mode as the current working mode.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the comparing unit 432 is further adapted to:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all sub-modes in the pending modes or not;
if yes, taking a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the current link to which the RSSI belongs as a target working mode;
if not, determining which two sub-modes of the undetermined modes are positioned between the RSSI of the current link, and selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode.
Here, the RSSI range may be two endpoints (i.e., boundaries), one of the two endpoints may be taken, or both endpoints may not be taken. For example, the RSSI interval range takes two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128], and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the comparison unit 432 determines that the RSSI of the current link belongs to [ -125, -128]. For another example, the RSSI interval range takes one of the two endpoints, labeled [ -125, -128), and if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the comparing unit 432 determines that the RSSI of the current link does not belong to [ -125, -128). For another example, the RSSI interval range does not take two endpoints, labeled (-125, -128), and if the RSSI of the current link is-125, the comparing unit 432 determines that the RSSI of the current link does not belong to (-125, -128); if the RSSI of the current link is-128, the comparison unit 432 determines that the RSSI of the current link also does not belong to (-125, -128).
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the comparing unit 432 is further adapted to:
if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, selecting the sub-mode with smaller spreading factor from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode. For example, the RSSI of the current link is-128, the ranges of the RSSI intervals corresponding to the two sub-modes determined by the determining unit 431 are (-125, -128) and (-128, -131), and it can be seen that the difference distances of the RSSI of the current link are-128 and (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) are the same, and then the comparing unit 432 can select the sub-mode with smaller spreading factor from the (-125, -128) and (-128, -131) as the target operation mode. The examples are given here by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the comparing unit 432 is further adapted to:
if the RSSI of the current link is larger than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, judging whether a working mode with a transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode exists in the working modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as a target working mode;
If yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be an operation mode with a transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined modes in the plurality of operation modes, RSSI of a current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the adjusted undetermined mode, and a target operation mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current operation mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI as the target working mode.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the comparing unit 432 is further adapted to:
if the plurality of working modes include a plurality of working modes with transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to that of the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the comparing unit 432 is further adapted to:
if the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the pending mode, judging whether a working mode with a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode exists in the modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is taken as a target working mode;
If yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with transmission rate smaller than that of the undetermined mode in the plurality of modes, RSSI of a current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the adjusted undetermined mode, and a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI as the target working mode.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the comparing unit 432 is further adapted to:
if the plurality of working modes include a plurality of working modes with transmission rates smaller than those of the undetermined modes, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
Taking the example that the plurality of operation modes includes the first mode, the second mode and the third mode, when determining the target operation mode, the comparator 430 needs to determine that the current operation mode belongs to any one of the first mode, the second mode and the third mode, and the processing manner of the comparator 430 is different for different modes to which the current operation mode belongs. Thus, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the comparison unit 432 shown in fig. 5 may comprise a first comparison subunit, a second comparison subunit, and a third comparison subunit (not shown in the drawings).
A determining unit 431, configured to determine that the current operation mode belongs to any one of the first mode, the second mode and the third mode;
a first comparing subunit, connected to the determining unit 431, configured to compare the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes if the current operation mode belongs to the first mode, and determine a target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode;
a second comparing subunit, connected to the determining unit 431, configured to compare the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes if the current operation mode belongs to the second mode, and determine a target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode;
and a third comparing subunit, connected to the determining unit 431, configured to compare the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes if the current operation mode belongs to the third mode, and determine a target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a default mode value is set in the working mode of the transmitter on the first channel, and when the determining unit 431 determines that the current working mode belongs to any one of the first mode, the second mode and the third mode, the determining unit 431 may obtain the current working mode from the default mode value, that is, the working mode recorded by the default mode value is used as the current working mode. In practical applications, the working mode of the default mode value record may be a first mode, a second mode or a third mode, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Further, the first comparing subunit is further configured to:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in each first sub-mode or not;
if the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in the first sub-modes, the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode. Here, the RSSI range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs is a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs among the respective first sub-modes.
If the RSSI of the current link does not belong to the RSSI interval range corresponding to any sub-mode in the first sub-modes, determining which two sub-modes in the first sub-modes are located between the RSSI of the current link, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode, and taking the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is greater than or equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each first sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each first sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is less than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined by the scheme provided in the following case two.
Further, the second comparing subunit is further configured to:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in each second sub-mode or not;
If the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in the second sub-modes, the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link does not belong to the RSSI interval range corresponding to any sub-mode in the second sub-modes, determining which sub-mode in the second sub-modes is located between the RSSI of the current link, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode, and taking the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each second sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as a target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode are taken as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode;
if the RSSI of the current link is greater than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the first sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined specifically by the scheme provided in the case one above.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each second sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is less than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined specifically by the scheme provided in case three below.
Further, the third comparing subunit is further configured to:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in each third sub-mode or not;
if the RSSI of the current link belongs to the RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in the third sub-modes, the sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range to which the RSSI of the current link belongs may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link does not belong to the RSSI interval range corresponding to any sub-mode in the third sub-modes, determining which sub-mode in the third sub-modes is located between the RSSI of the current link, selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as a target working mode, and taking the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each third sub-mode, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI may be used as the target working mode, and the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the sub-mode may be used as the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode.
If the RSSI of the current link is greater than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the third sub-modes, the RSSI of the current link may be compared with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the second sub-modes to determine the target operation mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operation mode, which may be determined specifically by the scheme provided in the case two above.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, an index may also be included in the LoRa mode of operation parameter table constructed by constructor 410 to identify each mode of operation. For example, index labels may be employed to identify each of the first sub-patterns, each of the second sub-patterns, and each of the third sub-patterns in the first pattern.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a switching system of the LoRa working mode, and fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the switching system of the LoRa working mode according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the system includes a transmitter 610 and a receiver 620, the transmitter 610 and the receiver 620 communicating using a LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter 610 and the receiver 620 implementing physically separate first and second channels, respectively.
The transmitter 610 has the above switching means of the LoRa operation mode by which the operation mode of the transmitter 610 and the receiver 620 on the first channel is switched to the target operation mode to enable data transmission between the transmitter 610 and the receiver 620 using the target operation mode on the first channel.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is by way of example only, and that various changes, substitutions and alterations may be made herein without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (28)

1. A method for switching a LoRa operating mode, applied to a transmitter that communicates using a LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter communicating with a receiver that uses a LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter and the receiver implementing a first channel and a second channel that are physically independent, respectively, the method comprising:
constructing a LoRa working mode parameter table, wherein the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes, frequency widths, spread spectrum factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes;
when the number of times of retransmission of data sent by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is larger than a preset threshold value, acquiring the RSSI of a current link from a beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel, wherein the transmitter sends the data to the receiver through the first channel, and if a response message of successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset time length, the data is considered to be failed to be sent and re-sent, and meanwhile, the number of times of retransmission is counted;
comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa working mode parameter table, and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode and a bandwidth and a spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode;
Transmitting the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode to the receiver through the second channel, so that the receiver switches the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and the spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode, and returns a message indicating that the switching is successful to the transmitter through the second channel;
and when receiving a message which is returned by the receiver through the second channel and indicates that the switching is successful, switching the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel to the target working mode so as to use the target working mode to carry out data transmission with the receiver on the first channel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first channel is used for data signaling and the second channel is used for control signaling, and wherein a transmission rate, a bandwidth, and a spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to obtaining the RSSI of the current link from the beacon transmitted by the receiver over the first channel, the method further comprises:
When the number of times of retransmission of the data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold, transmitting an instruction for requesting the receiver to transmit a beacon through the first channel to the receiver through the second channel;
and receiving a beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of operation modes include modes with different transmission rates, each mode with different transmission rates includes a plurality of sub-modes, RSSI ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with the same transmission rate do not overlap or overlap in boundary, and RSSI ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with different transmission rates overlap.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein a plurality of sub-modes in a mode of the same transmission rate have the same bandwidth and different spreading factors.
6. The method of claim 4 or 5, wherein comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa operating mode parameter table determines a target operating mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from a current operating mode, comprising:
Determining that the current working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates, namely a pending mode;
and comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode, and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining that the current operating mode belongs to any one of the modes of different transmission rates comprises:
acquiring a preset default working mode on the first channel, wherein the default working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates;
and taking the default working mode as the current working mode.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to each sub-mode of the pending modes, determining a target operating mode to which the transmitter is about to switch from the current operating mode, comprises:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all the sub-modes in the undetermined mode or not;
If yes, taking a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the RSSI of the current link as the target working mode;
if not, determining which two sub-modes of the undetermined modes are positioned between the RSSI of the current link, and selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as the target working mode.
9. The method as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
and if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, selecting the sub-mode with smaller spread spectrum factor from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode.
10. The method as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
if the RSSI of the current link is larger than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, judging whether an operation mode with a transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode exists in the plurality of operation modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with the transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode in the working modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
And if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI as the target working mode.
11. The method as recited in claim 10, further comprising:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to that of the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
12. The method as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
if the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the pending mode, judging whether a working mode with a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode exists in the modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with transmission rate smaller than that of the undetermined mode in the modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
And if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI as the target working mode.
13. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rates smaller than those of the undetermined modes, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the list of LoRa operating mode parameters further comprises an index to identify each operating mode.
15. A switching device for a LoRa operating mode, the switching device being adapted for use with a transmitter for communication using a LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter being in communication with a receiver for use with the LoRa wireless technology, the transmitter and the receiver implementing physically separate first and second channels, respectively, the device comprising:
the device comprises a constructor, a processor and a memory, wherein the constructor is used for constructing a LoRa working mode parameter table, and the LoRa working mode parameter table comprises a plurality of working modes, frequency widths, spread spectrum factors and received signal strength indication RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the working modes;
The acquirer is used for acquiring the RSSI of a current link from a beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel when the retransmission times of the data transmitted by the transmitter through the first channel to the receiver is larger than a preset threshold, wherein the transmitter transmits the data to the receiver through the first channel, and considers that the data transmission fails and retransmits the data when a response message of the successfully received data returned by the receiver is not received within a preset time length;
the comparator is connected with the constructor and the acquirer and is used for comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval range in the LoRa working mode parameter table and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode, and a bandwidth and a spreading factor corresponding to the target working mode;
the parameter transmitter is connected with the comparator and is used for transmitting the bandwidth and the spread spectrum factor corresponding to the target working mode to the receiver through the second channel so that the receiver can switch the working mode on the first channel to the target working mode according to the bandwidth and the spread spectrum factor corresponding to the target working mode and return a message indicating successful switching to the transmitter through the second channel;
The switcher is connected with the parameter transmitter and is used for switching the current working mode of the transmitter on the first channel to the target working mode when receiving a message which is returned by the receiver through the second channel and indicates that the switching is successful, so that the target working mode is used for carrying out data transmission with the receiver on the first channel; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The first channel is used for data signaling transmission, and the second channel is used for control signaling transmission; and is also provided with
The LoRa operating mode parameter table also contains an index to identify each operating mode.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein a transmission rate, a bandwidth, and a spreading factor of the second channel are all fixed.
17. The apparatus as recited in claim 15, further comprising:
an instruction transmitter, configured to, before the acquirer acquires the RSSI of the current link from the beacon transmitted by the receiver through the first channel, transmit, to the receiver through the second channel, an instruction requesting the receiver to transmit the beacon through the first channel when the number of retransmissions of data transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver through the first channel is greater than a preset threshold;
And the beacon receiver is connected with the instruction transmitter and is used for receiving the beacon sent by the receiver through the first channel according to the instruction.
18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the plurality of operation modes include modes with different transmission rates, each mode with different transmission rates includes a plurality of sub-modes, RSSI ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with the same transmission rate do not overlap or overlap, and RSSI ranges corresponding to the sub-modes in the mode with different transmission rates overlap.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein a plurality of sub-modes in a mode of a same transmission rate have a same bandwidth and different spreading factors.
20. The apparatus of claim 18 or 19, wherein the comparator comprises:
a determining unit, configured to determine that the current operation mode belongs to any one of modes of the different transmission rates, which is called a pending mode;
and the comparison unit is connected with the determination unit and is used for comparing the RSSI of the current link with the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined modes and determining a target working mode to which the transmitter is about to be switched from the current working mode.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:
acquiring a preset default working mode on the first channel, wherein the default working mode belongs to any one mode of modes with different transmission rates;
and taking the default working mode as the current working mode.
22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the comparison unit is further configured to:
judging whether the RSSI of the current link belongs to an RSSI interval range corresponding to a certain sub-mode in all the sub-modes in the undetermined mode or not;
if yes, taking a sub-mode corresponding to the RSSI interval range of the RSSI of the current link as the target working mode;
if not, determining which two sub-modes of the undetermined modes are positioned between the RSSI of the current link, and selecting the sub-mode closest to the RSSI value of the current link from the determined two sub-modes as the target working mode.
23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the comparison unit is further configured to:
and if the RSSI of the current link is the same as the difference distance between the RSSI interval ranges corresponding to the two determined sub-modes, selecting the sub-mode with smaller spread spectrum factor from the two determined sub-modes as the target working mode.
24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the comparison unit is further configured to:
if the RSSI of the current link is larger than the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, judging whether an operation mode with a transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode exists in the plurality of operation modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with the transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode in the working modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the highest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the highest RSSI as the target working mode.
25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the comparison unit is further configured to:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rate larger than that of the undetermined mode, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to that of the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
26. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the comparison unit is further configured to:
if the RSSI of the current link is smaller than the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the pending mode, judging whether a working mode with a transmission rate smaller than that of the pending mode exists in the modes;
if the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is judged to be not present, the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI is taken as the target working mode;
if yes, the undetermined mode is adjusted to be a working mode with transmission rate smaller than that of the undetermined mode in the modes, RSSI of the current link is compared with RSSI interval ranges corresponding to all sub-modes in the undetermined mode after adjustment, and the target working mode to which the transmitter is to be switched from the current working mode is determined;
and if the RSSI of the current link is equal to the lowest RSSI in the RSSI interval range corresponding to each sub-mode in the undetermined mode, taking the sub-mode corresponding to the lowest RSSI as the target working mode.
27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the comparison unit is further configured to:
and if the plurality of working modes comprise a plurality of working modes with transmission rates smaller than those of the undetermined modes, selecting the working mode with the transmission rate value closest to the undetermined mode as the adjusted undetermined mode.
28. A switching system for a LoRa operating mode, comprising: the system comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are communicated by adopting a LoRa wireless technology, and a first channel and a second channel which are physically independent are respectively realized on the transmitter and the receiver;
the transmitter having switching means of the LoRa operating mode of any one of claims 15-27, whereby the operating mode of the transmitter and the receiver on the first channel is switched to a target operating mode for data transmission between the transmitter and the receiver using the target operating mode on the first channel.
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