CN107230809B - Battery pack charging protection method, corresponding battery pack and battery pack charging equipment - Google Patents

Battery pack charging protection method, corresponding battery pack and battery pack charging equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107230809B
CN107230809B CN201610171799.XA CN201610171799A CN107230809B CN 107230809 B CN107230809 B CN 107230809B CN 201610171799 A CN201610171799 A CN 201610171799A CN 107230809 B CN107230809 B CN 107230809B
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charging
battery pack
bms
output
equipment
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CN107230809A (en
Inventor
李小龙
张迪
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Ningde Shidai Runzhi Software Technology Co ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack charging protection method, a corresponding battery pack and battery pack charging equipment. Two lines which can be used for transmitting protection commands are arranged between the battery pack and the battery pack charging equipment, one line is a bus communication line, and the other line is a hardware control line; the battery pack charging protection method is a dual protection method, when the charging process of the battery pack is found to be abnormal, the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack is reliably stopped through two successive protection actions, and the possibility of safety accidents of the battery pack in the charging stage is effectively eliminated.

Description

Battery pack charging protection method, corresponding battery pack and battery pack charging equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of safe charging of battery packs, and particularly relates to a battery pack charging protection method, a corresponding battery pack and battery pack charging equipment.
Background
The electric vehicle not only can improve the environmental problem, but also has more and more remarkable contribution to national economy, so the electric vehicle receives more and more extensive attention. However, as electric vehicles gradually enter the market, accidents frequently occur, and a large part of the accidents occur in the charging stage of the battery pack.
Generally, a lithium ion battery is used as an energy storage device in an electric vehicle battery pack, which has the advantages of large capacity, high energy density and the like, but the use of the lithium ion battery also has strict boundary conditions, for example, charging at low temperature or high temperature, charging exceeding the allowable voltage of a battery core and the like can bring great damage to the battery and even cause fire accidents. Therefore, how to reliably stop the charging behavior when the battery pack is monitored to be in the unsafe charging state becomes a key for ensuring the charging safety of the electric vehicle.
At present, the conventional battery pack charging protection method is as follows: the method comprises the steps that a BMS (Battery management System) of a Battery pack is used for monitoring the state of the Battery pack in real time, and when the condition that the Battery in the Battery pack is in an unsafe charging state is monitored, a charging stopping message is sent to a charger through a bus communication line, so that the charger stops charging the Battery pack. However, the protection method has a poor protection effect on the charging of the battery pack, and at least the following disadvantages exist: 1) when the communication bus is interfered or communication faults occur due to other reasons, the charger cannot accept the message of stopping charging and continues to charge the battery pack; 2) if the internal software of the charger fails, the charging stop signal of the BMS may not be responded; 3) some chargers have a manual charging mode or a debugging mode, and when the chargers are charged in these modes, the chargers do not receive the communication messages of the BMS and are charged according to the manually set current or time, and therefore, the chargers cannot respond to the stop charging messages of the BMS.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: a safe and reliable battery pack charging protection method, a battery pack using the protection method and a battery pack charging device are provided, so that the safety of the battery pack in the charging process is fully guaranteed.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a battery pack charging protection method, which includes the following steps:
1) when the battery pack charging equipment is used for normally charging the battery pack, the BMS is used for monitoring the state parameters of each battery in the battery pack in real time;
2) the BMS judges whether the battery pack is in a dangerous charging state according to the monitoring result: if not, returning to the previous step to continue real-time monitoring; if yes, entering the next step and starting the protection action of the first step;
3) the BMS sends a charging stopping message to a charging management module of the battery pack charging equipment through a bus communication line, and the charging management module adjusts the output power of a charging execution module to zero so as to stop the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack;
4) after waiting for a predetermined time, the BMS monitors the charging state of the battery pack and judges whether the battery pack is still in the charging state: if not, finishing charging; if yes, entering the next step and starting the protection action of the second step;
5) the BMS sends a charging stop signal to a protection device of the battery pack charging equipment through a hardware control line, and the protection device unconditionally stops the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack so as to finish charging.
Preferably, the battery state parameters monitored in the step 1) include voltage, temperature and current.
Preferably, in the step 4), the BMS acquires a charging current input to the battery pack through the current sensor, and determines whether the battery pack is still in a charging state according to the charging current: if the charging current is zero, the charging equipment of the battery pack stops charging output of the battery pack; if the charging current is not zero, the charging current indicates that the battery pack charging equipment does not stop outputting the charging of the battery pack, the battery pack is still in a charging state, the first-step protection action is invalid, and the second-step protection action needs to be started.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a battery pack including a BMS and a plurality of batteries which are connected/stringed together according to a predetermined rule and from which a positive electrode connection and a negative electrode connection are led out; the BMS is respectively connected with each battery to monitor the state parameters of the batteries and judge whether the battery pack is in a dangerous charging state according to the monitoring result; the BMS is used for leading out a bus communication line used for sending a charging stopping message to the battery pack charging equipment; the BMS also draws out a hardware control line used for sending a charging stop signal to the battery pack charging equipment.
Preferably, a current sensor is arranged on the positive wiring or the negative wiring; BMS is connected with current sensor, realizes the monitoring to battery package charged state.
Preferably, the positive connection wire, the negative connection wire, the bus communication line and the hardware control line are provided with external connectors, and any two or more of the external connectors can be integrated together.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a battery pack charging apparatus, which includes a charging execution module, a charging management module, and a protection device; the charging execution module is used for leading out a positive output connection wire and a negative output connection wire which are used for charging and outputting the battery pack; the charging management module is used for leading out a bus communication line for receiving a charging stopping message sent by the BMS and adjusting the output power of the charging execution module to be zero according to the received charging stopping message; the protection device is used for leading out a hardware control line for receiving a charging stop signal sent by the BMS and unconditionally stopping the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack according to the received charging stop signal.
Preferably, a charging interface is further included; and the positive output connection wire, the negative output connection wire, the bus communication line and the hardware control line are all connected to a charging interface.
Preferably, the protection device achieves the purpose of stopping the charging output of the battery pack by using an emergency stop control technology or by cutting off the power supply of the battery pack charging equipment.
Preferably, software is arranged inside the charging management module, and analyzes the charging stop message by using the internal software, and adjusts the output power of the charging execution module to zero according to the analyzed charging stop command.
Compared with the prior art, two lines which can be used for transmitting protection commands are arranged between the battery pack and the battery pack charging equipment, one line is a bus communication line, and the other line is a hardware control line; the battery pack charging protection method is a dual protection method, when the charging process of the battery pack is found to be abnormal, the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack is reliably stopped through two successive protection actions, and the possibility of safety accidents of the battery pack in the charging stage is effectively eliminated.
Drawings
The following describes a battery pack charging protection method, a battery pack charging apparatus, and advantageous effects thereof in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a battery pack and a battery pack charging apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery pack charging protection method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a battery pack 10 according to the present invention includes a plurality of batteries 12 and a BMS 14. The plurality of batteries 12 are connected in series/in a predetermined order, and a positive connection 120 and a negative connection 122 are led out. The positive connection 120 is provided with a switch 124 and a current sensor 126. The BMS14 is connected to the current sensor 126 to monitor the state of charge of the battery pack 10 and determine whether the battery pack 10 is being charged; the BMS14 is also connected to each of the batteries 12 to monitor status parameters of the batteries 12, including but not limited to voltage, temperature, and current, and to determine whether the battery pack 10 is in a dangerous charging state based on the monitoring results. The BMS14 derives a bus communication line 140 and a hardware control line 142 for connection with the battery pack charging apparatus 20, and the BMS14 sends a stop charging message to the battery pack charging apparatus 20 through the bus communication line 140 or a stop charging signal to the battery pack charging apparatus 20 through the hardware control line 142 when the battery pack 10 is in a dangerous charging state. To facilitate connection with the battery pack charging apparatus 20, the positive connection wire 120, the negative connection wire 122, the bus communication line 140, and the hardware control line 142 are provided with external connectors, and it is understood that any two or more of these external connectors may be integrated together, and preferably four external connectors are integrated into the same external connector.
The battery pack charging apparatus 20 of the present invention includes a charging execution module 22, a charging management module 24, a protection device 26, and a charging interface 28. The charging execution module 22 draws out a positive output connection 220 and a negative output connection 222 connected to the charging interface 28 to realize charging output of the battery pack 10. The charging management module 24 is provided with software therein, which leads out a bus communication line 240 connected to the charging interface 28, receives the stop charging message sent by the battery pack 10 through the bus communication line 240, analyzes the stop charging message by using the internal software, and adjusts the output power of the charging execution module 22 to zero according to the analyzed stop charging command. The protection device 26 may use well-established emergency stop control techniques or may shut off the input power and auxiliary power to the battery pack charging apparatus 20 to stop the output of the battery pack 10. The protection device 26 is connected to a hardware control line 142 of the charging interface 28, receives a charging stop signal of the battery pack 10 through the hardware control line 142, and unconditionally stops the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment 20 to the battery pack 10 according to the received charging stop signal; the stop charging signal may be, but is not limited to, a simple control signal such as high or low. The charging interface 28 is an external charging connection interface of the battery pack charging apparatus 20, and has a characteristic of easy connection.
When the battery pack 10 is charged by using the battery pack charging apparatus 20, it is only necessary to connect the external connector of the battery pack 10 with the charging interface 28 of the battery pack charging apparatus 20, so that the positive electrode connection 120, the negative electrode connection 122, the bus communication line 140, and the hardware control line 142 are respectively connected with the positive electrode output connection 220, the negative electrode output connection 222, the bus communication line 240, and the hardware control line 260 of the battery pack charging apparatus 20, and turn on a charging switch (not shown) of the charging apparatus. The bus communication lines 140, 240 may be any one of a CAN network, a LIN network, and an ethernet network.
Referring to fig. 2, the method for protecting the battery pack from being charged according to the present invention includes the following steps:
1) when the battery pack charging equipment 20 charges the battery pack 10 normally, the BMS14 monitors the state parameters of each battery 12 in the battery pack 10 in real time; the battery state parameters monitored at this step include, but are not limited to, voltage, temperature, and current;
2) the BMS14 judges whether the battery pack 10 is in the dangerous charging state according to the monitoring result: if not, returning to the step 1); if yes, entering step 3), and starting a first-step protection action;
3) the BMS14 sends a stop charging message to the charging management module 24 of the battery pack charging apparatus 20 through the bus communication lines 140, 240, and the charging management module 24 adjusts the output power of the charging execution module 22 to zero, thereby stopping the charging output of the battery pack charging apparatus 20 to the battery pack 10;
4) after waiting for a predetermined time, the BMS14 monitors the state of charge of the battery pack 10, and determines whether the battery pack 10 is still in the state of charge: if not, finishing charging; if yes, entering step 5), and starting a second protection action; specifically, in this step, the BMS14 collects the charging current input to the battery pack 10 through the current sensor 126, and determines whether the battery pack 10 is still in a charged state according to the charging current: if the charging current is zero, it indicates that the battery pack charging device 20 has correctly responded to the stop charging message of the BMS14, and stops the charging output of the battery pack 10; if the charging current is not zero, it indicates that the battery pack charging device 20 fails to respond to the charging stop message of the BMS14, the charging output of the battery pack 10 is not stopped, the battery pack 10 is still in a charging state, the first protection action fails, and the second protection action needs to be started;
5) the BMS14 sends a stop charging signal to the protection device 26 of the battery pack charging apparatus 20 via the hardware control lines 142, 260, and the protection device 26 unconditionally stops the charging output of the battery pack charging apparatus 20 to the battery pack 10, thereby ending the charging.
Compared with the prior art, the BMS14 of the battery pack 10 of the present invention can send a stop-charging message to the battery pack charging apparatus 20 through the bus communication line 140, and can also send a stop-charging signal to the battery pack charging apparatus 20 through the hardware control line 142; the battery pack charging device 20 is provided with a charging management module 24 which can receive and respond to a charging stop message of the battery pack 10, and is also provided with a protection device 26 which can respond to a charging stop signal of the battery pack 10 through a hardware control circuit; the battery pack charging protection method is a dual protection method, when the battery pack charging process is found to be abnormal, such as unsafe charging behaviors like overcharging, the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment 20 to the battery pack 10 is reliably stopped through two successive protection actions, and the possibility of safety accidents of the battery pack 10 in the charging stage is effectively eliminated.
The present invention can be modified and adapted appropriately from the above-described embodiments, according to the principles described above. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack charging protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) when the battery pack charging equipment is used for normally charging the battery pack, the BMS is used for monitoring the state parameters of each battery in the battery pack in real time;
2) the BMS judges whether the battery pack is in a dangerous charging state according to the monitoring result: if not, returning to the previous step to continue real-time monitoring; if yes, entering the next step and starting the protection action of the first step;
3) the BMS sends a charging stopping message to a charging management module of the battery pack charging equipment through a bus communication line, and the charging management module adjusts the output power of a charging execution module to zero so as to stop the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack;
4) after waiting for a predetermined time, the BMS monitors the charging state of the battery pack and judges whether the battery pack is still in the charging state: if not, finishing charging; if yes, entering the next step and starting the protection action of the second step;
5) the BMS sends a charging stop signal to a protection device of the battery pack charging equipment through a hardware control line, and the protection device unconditionally stops the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack so as to finish charging.
2. The battery pack charge protection method of claim 1, wherein: the battery state parameters monitored in the step 1) comprise voltage, temperature and current.
3. The battery pack charge protection method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the BMS acquires the charging current input to the battery pack through the current sensor, and judges whether the battery pack is still in a charging state according to the charging current: if the charging current is zero, the charging equipment of the battery pack stops charging output of the battery pack; if the charging current is not zero, the charging current indicates that the battery pack charging equipment does not stop outputting the charging of the battery pack, the battery pack is still in a charging state, the first-step protection action is invalid, and the second-step protection action needs to be started.
4. A battery pack includes a BMS and a plurality of batteries connected in series/in accordance with a predetermined rule and led out a positive electrode connection and a negative electrode connection; the BMS is respectively connected with each battery to monitor the state parameters of the batteries and judge whether the battery pack is in a dangerous charging state according to the monitoring result; the BMS is used for leading out a bus communication line used for sending a charging stopping message to the battery pack charging equipment; the method is characterized in that: the BMS also draws out a hardware control line used for sending a charging stop signal to the battery pack charging equipment.
5. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein: a current sensor is arranged on the positive wiring or the negative wiring; BMS is connected with current sensor, realizes the monitoring to battery package charged state.
6. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein: the positive connection wire, the negative connection wire, the bus communication circuit and the hardware control circuit are all provided with external connectors, and any two or more of the external connectors are integrated together.
7. A battery pack charging device comprises a charging execution module and a charging management module; the charging execution module is used for leading out a positive output connection wire and a negative output connection wire which are used for charging and outputting the battery pack; the charging management module is used for leading out a bus communication line for receiving a charging stopping message sent by the BMS and adjusting the output power of the charging execution module to be zero according to the received charging stopping message; the method is characterized in that: the protection device is used for leading out a hardware control circuit used for receiving a charging stop signal sent by the BMS and unconditionally stopping the charging output of the battery pack charging equipment to the battery pack according to the received charging stop signal.
8. The battery pack charging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the device also comprises a charging interface; and the positive output connection wire, the negative output connection wire, the bus communication line and the hardware control line are all connected to a charging interface.
9. The battery pack charging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the protection device achieves the purpose of stopping charging output of the battery pack by using an emergency stop control technology or by cutting off a power supply of the battery pack charging equipment.
10. The battery pack charging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the charging management module is internally provided with software, analyzes the charging stopping message by using the internal software, and adjusts the output power of the charging execution module to be zero according to the analyzed charging stopping command.
CN201610171799.XA 2016-03-24 2016-03-24 Battery pack charging protection method, corresponding battery pack and battery pack charging equipment Active CN107230809B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110962679B (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-11-06 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Pre-charging circuit and pre-charging method

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JP2000166107A (en) * 1998-11-27 2000-06-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Method and circuit for inspecting function of overcharging protective circuit
CN101340103A (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-07 联想(新加坡)私人有限公司 Overvoltage protection system, battery set and electronic device
CN101800342A (en) * 2010-01-22 2010-08-11 徐州市恒源电器有限公司 Multisection lithium battery charger
CN101888104A (en) * 2010-06-02 2010-11-17 芜湖天元汽车电子有限公司 Power management system for power lithium battery pack and control method thereof
CN101895133A (en) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-24 Sb锂摩托有限公司 Battery management system and driving method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000166107A (en) * 1998-11-27 2000-06-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Method and circuit for inspecting function of overcharging protective circuit
CN101340103A (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-07 联想(新加坡)私人有限公司 Overvoltage protection system, battery set and electronic device
CN101895133A (en) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-24 Sb锂摩托有限公司 Battery management system and driving method thereof
CN101800342A (en) * 2010-01-22 2010-08-11 徐州市恒源电器有限公司 Multisection lithium battery charger
CN101888104A (en) * 2010-06-02 2010-11-17 芜湖天元汽车电子有限公司 Power management system for power lithium battery pack and control method thereof

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