CN107230504A - Nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case adds boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof - Google Patents
Nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case adds boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107230504A CN107230504A CN201610172047.5A CN201610172047A CN107230504A CN 107230504 A CN107230504 A CN 107230504A CN 201610172047 A CN201610172047 A CN 201610172047A CN 107230504 A CN107230504 A CN 107230504A
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- corrosion
- boron
- boric acid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/28—Selection of specific coolants ; Additions to the reactor coolants, e.g. against moderator corrosion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/001—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices against explosions, e.g. blast shields
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Add boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof the present invention relates to nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case, it is that nuclear energy is effectively utilized, the key issue of safe efficient Nuclear Power Development.2011.03.11 Fukushima, Japan nuclear power station explodes；Be afraid of that hydrogen explosion also occurs for No. 2 units, boric acid is injected after 7 months；The molten generation worked, but promote hydrogen of the anti-heap of boric acid, easily causes hydrogen quick-fried.In order to anti-molten explosion-proof or reactor vessel is made to double-deck (first layer 22CM stainless steels, the stainless steel concretes of second layer 100CM) is thick seals；It is additionally considered that dangerous, the passive third generation has been carried on again, it is desirable to design absolutely safety.But but have ignored " emergency shut-down ", " cooling agent " key Design system addition boric acid present in serious shortcoming, and a large amount of boric acid radioactive liquid waste (annual 132 cubes of a gigawatt pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant) post processing difficulties, complexity, therefore must optimization design.Both presurized water reactor, boiling-water reactor and heavy water reactor power station can have been made to reach anticorrosion purpose, and can prevent molten explosion-proof, unexpected benefit is obtained.
Description
Technical field
Add boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof the present invention relates to nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case, it is closed
It is nuclear power station normal safe operation, the nuclear accident for being subjected to heavy corrosion and causing and fearful hydrogen
It is quick-fried.So all strengthening corrosion protection design in design of founding the factory, more concerned with the quick-fried design measure of the anti-molten anti-hydrogen of heap.
Nuclear power station is designed and operating Chemical Control purpose has at 2 points：(1) limit corrosion；(2)
Radioactivity maintains prescribed limit.In fact, (3) should also suppress the hydrogen that loop is produced
With prevention hydrogen explosion.
Reactor refuling, spent fuel storage will not only consider the protection of radioactive substance, also take an examination
Consider element, the anti-corrosion of equipment and the safety of water tank and hydrogen diffusion, leakage.So 2011
Fukushima, Japan nuclear power station explodes, and the generation of main coolant loop and Spent Fuel Pool hydrogen and lets out
Leakage, is the main cause that set off an explosion, and No. 2 not quick-fried units largely inject boric acid.
How the hydrogen that cooling agent, Spent Fuel Pool are produced could reduce, how to make its inexplosive
Safe design is greatly paid attention to, exactly the objective of this patent.
Background technology
Because coolant system and Spent Fuel Pool, refuelling pool system are all by its heat with water
Export is gone, and is emerged while forming pure hydrogen, or generation hydrogen is quick-fried.To prevent hydrogen quick-fried from source,
There is technology few, or even have also not playing and there should be effect.
As the applicant apply patent 2014108205245 (presurized water reactor non-passive safety it is fast
Fast design effectively measure) it is described, to add neutron-absorbing material, and be a kind of boron content it is high five
Borate is not boric acid, can just be really achieved the passive quick design effectively measure of Nuclear Safety.
Reaction nuclear fuel later burnt in a heap claims spentnuclear fuel, has not only had surplus heat but also has had small part nuclear reaction and put by force
Penetrating property fission product radiation source.So Spent Fuel Pool should have the material for absorbing neutron, again
Help removal heat and anti-corrosion of elements and hydrogen is produced.But past design only considers that removal is remaining
Heat, a large amount of chilled(cooling) water supply (CWS)s.Naturally, the water of cooling agent and spentnuclear fuel water tank is irradiated, divided
Solution, the hydrogen of generation, which is leaked or emerged, reaches that it is natural that can explode to a certain degree.Even to cooling
It is flushed with hydrogen again in agent, does not also suppress the generation of hydrogen.So the purpose of Chemical Control should also consider
Such as why not produce hydrogen quick-fried, and problem is solved from the quick-fried source of hydrogen.
In addition, salt water cooling system equipment heavy corrosion.Other cooling water system equipment, pipeline
Heavy corrosion is often tieed up, changed, and safe operation and the financial cost persistently changed are into big problem.
Therefore have take corrosive pipeline to transform, inner-wall spraying molten polymer；Some additions containing toxicity it is big,
The high organic polymer of price causes secondary pollution, and effect is general.So anti-corrosion is both nuclear power plant
The economical efficiency and safe operation problem of operation, it should the new problem of scientific research of attention.
Previously hydrogenation and lithium hydroxide in coolant system are designed, the 80-90 ages all add again
H3BO3, boric acid is weak acid, is in fact very serious to metal long-term corrosion；Although hydrogenation oxidation
Lithium adjusts pH value, still generates more hydrogen, and ad hoc hydrogenation system repeated hydrogenation, this
It can't but be increasing hydrogen leakage, a quick-fried reason of hydrogen.
China's nuclear power reactor " emergency shut-down " system design in 1967 I take into account this and ask
Topic, wants to replace boric acid with a kind of high pentaborate of boracic, but the country is not produced.So in weight
Making preservative (because without pentaborate) with potassium bichromate in water-water reactor neutron shield water and measuring greatly
Measure hydrogen.The end of the seventies asks Beijing Chemical Plant to develop pentaborate, just a large amount of dynamic used in core
Heap reloads general overhaul.But Shi Guozhi et al. corrodes in the boric acid water of HTHP stand and ground
In studying carefully, conclusion：Do not pay erosion, service condition it is satisfactory (《Nuclear Power Engineering》1982
December in year).12nd, 24, experiment in 50 hours can't see corrosion this be affirmative.
Our ground modes heap (196) element testings in 1980 and nineteen eighty-two nuclear power reactor are big
" inservice inspection " of maintenance does not all find corrosion, it may be possible to not plus the reason for boric acid, institute
Do not corroded within 10 years with running；But add boric acid to run 10 years and produce general corrosion, some portions
Position heavy corrosion, is repaired, to change part frequent.People are caused greatly to pay attention to, it has to take measures,
Boric acid is enriched with being intended to use, consumption is greatly reduced, or better, but price is high several times, it is impossible to
Anticorrosion.
So it is alkaline neutron-absorbing material that must change acid neutron-absorbing material.Such as borax saturation
Liquid PH is 9.5 (experiment values) and 11.1 (theoretical values)；And boric acid saturated solution PH is 4.7
(experiment value) and 3.3 (theoretical values).The corrosion of boric acid storage tank and valve can be thought, be only made
60 cubes, and the small several times of boron salt tank volume.Moreover useless boron salt post processing is easy.
It I had never expected 50 years in the past, the old tradition of boric acid, such as 2011 still added both at home and abroad
March 11 detected that No. 2 unit factory buildings of Fukushima had again after Fukushima, Japan nuclear power station hydrogen explosion
Hydrogen also has nuclear fission gas xenon, and dense boric acid is then injected into heap.
At this moment self-examination suddenly：Boric acid should not be added and a kind of high boric acid double salt of boracic should be added, and
Each water cooling system should all add.Both make not reaching the quick-fried purpose of anti-hydrogen, corrosion-resistant effect always has
Benefit.So plus boron system answer optimization design.
The content of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of raising cooling agent, Spent Fuel Pool even
The facility of salt water cooling system anti-corrosion safe design, effective ways, secondary nuclear pollution is not produced
Plus boron salt scheme
It is important that the high boron salt consumption of this boracic is few, it will not make as producing corrosion using boric acid
With.And a kind of this easy decontamination of boron salt easily reclaims disposable；Cut operating costs, improve mobility.
Erect image is applied described in 2014108205245 patents：The boracic selected for 1967 is high
The quick-fried boron salt country of the anti-hydrogen of anti-corrosion do not produce, later Beijing Chemical Plant is developed, a large amount of supplies
We apply when first nuclear submarine of nineteen eighty-two reloads general overhaul, reach good result.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem is used：
Cooling agent, Spent Fuel Pool and salt water cooling system anti-corrosion safe design are improved, including it is weary
The anti-corrosion safety of fuel pit, refuelling pool, cooling device or element in itself, it is also contemplated that being
System pump, valve, pipeline corrosion protection and service life, set to each operating mode, environment and special (part)
It is standby that a kind of effective anti-corrosion measure is provided：A kind of boric acid double salt reaches resultant effect, nuisanceless, use
Measure less, advantage is reclaimed in easy decontamination；Using extensive anti-corrosion method, and the quick-fried generation of hydrogen can be prevented.
According to enrichment borate, few more than 5 times, the 60 liters boric acid note tank of minimum amount ratio boric acid
(《No. Hua Longyi》Fuqing nuclear power station) can be 10 liters.But enrichment boric acid price wants expensive several times,
Or it is worthwhile with boric acid double salt.
Coolant system is improved, Spent Fuel Pool, there is provided effective for reactor refuling pond anti-corrosion
Corrosion-resistant boric acid double salt method of double crossing, based on pentaborate, or adds anti-corrosion buffer with acid adjustment alkali
Degree, both can solid add, also can wiring solution-forming injection boron case, make cooling agent boracic
5000~6000ppm.For crystallization-preventive blocked pipeline, bottom 10-15cm is higher by boron water tank liquid outlet,
Should not be in bottom opening.
There is provided salt water cooling system each equipment, pump, the anti-corrosion of valve pipeline, borate built agent
Both can solid add and also wiring solution-forming, make seawater cooling water 1400~1600ppm of boracic, sea
Water cooling water outlet marine site does not influence biological growth.
For improve cooling water system (non-seawater) anti-corrosion there is provided effective corrosion-resistant boric acid double salt
Content is lower, is made into containing the cooling water that boron salt is 1500~2500ppm.
The specific embodiment of the invention：
The effective corrosion protection design embodiment of cooling agent, Spent Fuel Pool, refuelling pool is to add
Enter the pentaborate of borate method of double crossing, or add preservative and adjust PH, be made into saturated solution or
Supersaturated solution, makes cooling agent boracic 5000-6000PPM.PH=6.5-8.0；To prevent shape
Into Crystallization Plugging pipeline, liquid outlet, should not be in case away from bottom 10-15cm distances during manufacture water tank
Bottom opening.
The effective corrosion protection design of seawater cooling water system, with pentaborate solid or is made into boracic
1400~1600ppm refrigerated sea water；Spentnuclear fuel case also boracic 1400-1600PPM.
Cooling water system (non-seawater) is provided in effective corrosion-resistant borate compounding, with five boric acid
Salt is added, and cooling water is contained 1500~2500ppm, PH=.6.5~8.0.
Claims (6)
1. nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case adds boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof, it includes presurized water reactor, boiling-water reactor, PHWR coolant system, spentnuclear fuel case (pond), reactor refuling water and safety injection water system, the equipment or element anti-corrosion itself of even salt water cooling system are safe, it is considered to systems pumps, valve, heat exchanger, the anti-corrosion and service life of pipeline；A kind of reactive stabilizer of effective absorption neutron is provided each operating mode, environment and specific condition, and enables this absorption anti-hydrogen of neutron agent anti-corrosion quick-fried.Only mitigate equipment to consider the increased thickness of corrosion and weight, then substantially reduce cost and improve mobility；It is even more optimization design original intention that anti-can melt anti-hydrogen quick-fried.
2. nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case adds boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof, it is characterized in that it is boron salt (not being boric acid) to provide each operating mode of coolant system, environment and special (part) equipment a kind of neutron preservative that effectively absorbs, it is the five boric acid double salt or (enrichment) five boric acid double salt of method of double crossing.And this double salt is high compared with boric acid boracic, solubility is high；The advantages of easily reclaiming, handle.
3. according to claim 2, in coolant system plus boron salt, or add corrosion inhibitor to adjust pH value again.Both can solid add boron case, the saturated solution or supersaturated solution that can be also made into PH=9-10 be stored in boron case.To prevent Crystallization Plugging pipeline, manufacture and design boron case liquid outlet away from bottom 5-10cm distances.The boron content 5000-6000PPM of coolant system, or (enrichment) boron salt 1000-1200PPM.
It is 1400~1600PPM containing boron salt 4. nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case adds boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof, it is characterised in that the boric acid double salt provided spentnuclear fuel water tank, seawater cooling water.
5. nuclear power station cooling agent spentnuclear fuel case adds boron optimization design anti-corrosion explosion-proof, it is characterised in that the primary and secondary each cooling water system in loop should all provide effective anti-corrosion, explosion-proof boric acid double salt, content 1500-2500PPM.
6. according to claim 4, it is characterised in that boron optimization design should be added to be applied to presurized water reactor, boiling-water reactor and heavy water reactor power station.Due to adding the change of neutron-absorbing material, or cooling agent hydrogenation system can be exempted and cancel addition lithium hydroxide, the regulation of hydrazine, and simplify complex operations and useless boron salt post processing judicial convenience.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109166638A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | A kind of coolant hydrogenation system and method for small-sized heap |
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| US20090225923A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Neeley Gary W | Combinatorial heterogeneous-homogeneous reactor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109166638A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | A kind of coolant hydrogenation system and method for small-sized heap |
| CN109166638B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2024-02-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Coolant hydrogenation system and method for small stack |
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Application publication date: 20171003 |