CN1072304C - Gas-turbine generating equipment - Google Patents
Gas-turbine generating equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1072304C CN1072304C CN96121371A CN96121371A CN1072304C CN 1072304 C CN1072304 C CN 1072304C CN 96121371 A CN96121371 A CN 96121371A CN 96121371 A CN96121371 A CN 96121371A CN 1072304 C CN1072304 C CN 1072304C
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- Prior art keywords
- gas turbine
- cooling air
- coolant path
- power generating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/005—Combined with pressure or heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
- F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
- F02C7/185—Cooling means for reducing the temperature of the cooling air or gas
Abstract
A gas turbine plant comprises a gas turbine system provided with a compressor, a gas turbine and a generator which are mounted on a common shaft and operatively connected in series to each other, a gas turbine combustor system including a gas turbine combustor composed of an outer casing and an inner cylinder accommodated in the casing, and a cooling air circulation system operatively connected to the gas turbine combustor system for circulating cooling air. A cooling passage structure is disposed along an outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and a circulation line is disposed for circulating cooling air in the cooling passage structure and balancing the inner pressure of the casing of the gas turbine combustor. The cooling air circulation system includes an equalizer header unit for supplying the cooling air in the cooling passage structure to the circulation line, a heat exchanger unit for re-cooling the cooling air from the equalizer header unit and a blower unit for returning the cooling air to the cooling passage structure after the re-cooling.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of gas turbine power generating plant, particularly a kind of gas turbine power generating plant that the inner cylinder portion of gas turbine burner is effectively cooled off.
Nearest gas turbine power generating plant is being sought high efficient always, for this reason, and the high temperatureization of the burning gas temperature that people are groping to generate in the gas turbine burner always (burning gas temperature of gas turbine inlet).
Countermeasure as high temperatureization, be by in gas turbine burner, dropping into the more fuel of volume, perhaps use the fuel of higher calorific value to reach its intended purposes, yet, high temperatureization along with combustion gas, the content of NOx in its exhaust just can increase, thereby causes the problem that environment is had negative effect.
Countermeasure as environmental problem, in the past in gas turbine burner, adopt so-called 2 sections burning methods, the part of fuel is carried out diffusive combustion as so-called kindling material, the act as a fuel fuel that is pre-mixed of sloppy condition of remaining most of fuel is burnt, thereby the reduction burning gas temperature is realized the reduction of NOx.
In addition, as other countermeasure, be to adopt in the burner of gas turbine, in combustion gas, to drop into water or steam, make that the temperature of combustion gas is lower, thus reduction of realization NOx or the like means.
Yet these two kinds of opposite functions of low NOxization that will reach combustion gas high temperatureization and burning and gas-exhausting satisfy at one stroke, and adopt above-mentioned 2 sections burning methods, the problem below can existing in this gas turbine burner.
NOx has the character that sharply increases along with the rising of burning gas temperature.Therefore, the concentration of NOx to be dropped to than the lower temperature that just must reduce combustion gas in the past according to regulations etc.One of method that reduces this burning gas temperature is exactly the pre-mixing combustion method.In addition, the amount that can suppress the cooling air film of the condition of the pre-mixing combustion of NOx in the gas turbine burner and cool burner wall has confidential relation.
The longitudinal axis of Figure 14 is represented the ratio of cooling air, and transverse axis is then represented gas turbine inlet temperature (burner outlet temperature).Parameter is the equivalent proportion (with respect to the ratio of the actual fuel air ratio of chemical correct fuel air ratio) of pre-mixing combustion, in order to suppress the generation of NOx, equivalent proportion must be selected under the combustion condition of less than 0.6.Equivalent proportion surpasses at 0.6 o'clock, and NOx just has the tendency of sharp increase.
As can be seen from Figure 14, along with the high temperatureization of gas turbine, the ratio of cooling air has the tendency of minimizing, for example, is approximately under 1600 ℃ the situation ratio vanishing of cooling air at gas turbine inlet temperature.This tendency is hour remarkable more more in the equivalent proportion of pre-mixing combustion.That is, selecting of the combustion condition of the reduction of realization gas turbine high temperatureization and NOx mean the amount of the cooling air film of rapid reduction cool burner wall, and this brought the cooling problem of wall.
Seek the high efficiency of gas turbine like this, burning gas temperature (burner outlet temperature) high temperatureization that gas turbine burner is generated, just must make gas turbine burner cooling itself, on the other hand, consider to be difficult to fully cool off, thereby just proposed cooling structure shown in Figure 15 in the past.
This gas turbine burner 1 is between compressor and combustion gas turbine not shown in the figures, to use as combustion air from the high-pressure air of compressor, in combustion air, drop into fuel, generate combustion gas, again the combustion gas that generate are delivered in the combustion gas turbine.
This gas turbine burner 1 has housing 2 and the coaxial inner cylinder portion 3 that is contained in this housing 2 as shown in figure 15.Between housing 2 and inner cylinder portion 3, be provided with air guide sleeve 4, mark off the path 5 of combustion air, high-pressure air is imported as combustion air in the fuel nozzle 6 of inner cylinder portion 3, in the fuel mix of this and fuel nozzle 6 and generate combustion gas by this air guide sleeve 4.
In addition, in above-mentioned inner cylinder portion 3, be provided with lug 7 towards combustion air path 5 one sides, when passing through combustion air path 5 as combustion air, high-pressure air is forced to conflict by lug 7, the mobile turbulent flow that becomes with air, except improving heat transference efficiency, under the situation that heat transference efficiency increases, also combustion air is used as the cooling air that cooling exposes inner cylinder portion 3 at high temperature.
Yet, in the gas turbine burner 1 of this cooled flow access structure, to improve simultaneously cooling performance as the high-pressure air of combustion air and cooling air as purpose, conflict with lug 7 and can cause flowing pressure loss, simultaneously when passing through the wall of inner cylinder portion 3, the result can increase the friction ractor of wall, and the pressure loss will occur increases, the problem that gas turbine power generating plant overall thermal efficient reduces.
The present invention in view of the above problems, its objective is that the limited high-pressure air that provides a kind of energy will come from compressor applies in a flexible way effectively as cooling air, on the other hand, do one's utmost to reduce the pressure loss of the high-pressure air that will apply in a flexible way effectively as cooling air, thus the gas turbine power generating plant that gas turbine burner is effectively cooled off.
In gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, to achieve these goals, according to claim 1, this gas turbine power generating plant directly is connected compressor and combustion gas turbine on the axle, thereby have fuel is added from the gas turbine burner that generates combustion gas in the high-pressure air of compressor, and the combustion gas that will generate in this gas turbine burner are delivered in the above-mentioned combustion gas turbine, obtain power by expansion working, it is characterized in that: this gas turbine power generating plant also has along the outer coolant path portion that Monday, side was provided with that is housed in inner cylinder portion in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing, and the cooling air in this coolant path portion carried out the circuit peripheral passage, this peripheral passage has respectively: the pressure in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing of balance is also delivered to equal pressure head portion in the above-mentioned peripheral passage with the cooling air in the above-mentioned coolant path portion, the heat exchange department that will cool off again from the cooling air that this equal pressure head portion discharges, and cooled cooling air is returned to the blower portion that above-mentioned coolant path portion circulates again.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, on the inner cylinder portion in being contained in the gas turbine burner housing, run through the cooling air and the high-pressure air in the housing that are provided with coolant path portion and be the film-cooling hole that the film shape leads.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, all pressure head portion is made of confined chamber, and has the equal press fit pipe that the side with this confined chamber is connected with the housing of gas turbine burner respectively, with the cooling air pipe that is connected along the set coolant path portion of the outer circumferential side of inner cylinder portion, the cooling air of this cooling air pipe is delivered to the export department of peripheral passage, and the saturating oralia that above-mentioned confined chamber is formed compartment.
Moreover, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, as claimed in claim 7 such, coolant path portion along the inner cylinder portion outer circumferential side has inlet and room of outlet respectively, separate by the separation strip with spout portion this inlet and room of outlet, on the other hand, has menifold on each of inlet and room of outlet respectively.
Also have, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, coolant path portion along the inner cylinder portion outer circumferential side has inlet and room of outlet respectively, separate by demarcation strip this inlet and room of outlet, form the counter-rotating coolant path, on the other hand, have menifold on each of inlet and room of outlet respectively.
And in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, along the coolant path portion of inner cylinder portion outer circumferential side, the wall of inner cylinder portion is provided with the turbulence body that promotes turbulent flow.
Moreover, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention,, be arranged on rib in the coolant path portion or fin and form tree-shapedly along the air-flow of cooling air in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, constitute by trunk sheet and branch sheet.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, coolant path portion is made of the flexible part according to the telescopic moving campaign of inner cylinder portion, at the distolateral seal ring that can freely advance and retreat that is provided with of one.
Further, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, blower portion is made of the confined chamber of the equal pressure head of balance portion pressure, contains blower in confined chamber.
Further, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, in order to finish above-mentioned purpose, compressor is connected with an axle with combustion gas turbine, have to adding fuel from the high-pressure air of compressor and generating the gas turbine burner of combustion gas, and will deliver to expansion working in the above-mentioned combustion gas turbine by the combustion gas that in this gas turbine burner, generate, thereby acquisition power, it is characterized in that: this gas turbine power generating plant has along the outer coolant path portion that Monday, side was provided with that is housed in inner cylinder portion in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing, and the cooling air in this coolant path portion carried out the circuit peripheral passage, this peripheral passage has respectively: the pressure in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing of balance is also delivered to equal pressure head portion in the above-mentioned peripheral passage with the cooling air in the above-mentioned coolant path portion, the heat exchange department that will cool off again from the cooling air that this equal pressure head portion discharges, and will be more cooled cooling air be returned to the blower portion that above-mentioned coolant path portion circulates, on the other hand, be provided with pressure transducer in the above-mentioned housing, and the function generator that above-mentioned gas fan is partly moved according to the pressure oscillation in the housing.
Fig. 1 is gas turbine power generating plant first an embodiment's of the present invention system schematic.
Fig. 2 is coolant path first embodiment's of a portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 3 is first embodiment's of a transition portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 4 is second embodiment's of a transition portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 5 is coolant path the 7th embodiment's of a portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 6 is coolant path second embodiment's of a portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 7 is coolant path the 3rd embodiment's of a portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 8 is coolant path the 4th embodiment's of a portion of the present invention sketch.
Fig. 9 is gas turbine power generating plant second an embodiment's of the present invention system schematic.
Figure 10 is the sketch of coolant path the 8th embodiment's of portion of the present invention turbulence body.
Figure 11 is the 8th embodiment's that sees from the A-A direction of arrow of Figure 10 a diagrammatic side views.
Figure 12 is gas turbine power generating plant the 3rd an embodiment's of the present invention system schematic.
Figure 13 be the function generator equipment self had function curve diagram.
Figure 14 be expression with premixed fuel equivalence ratio as the performance diagram that concerns between the cooling air ratio of parameter and the burning gas temperature.
Figure 15 is a gas turbine burner structure diagram in the past.
First embodiment of gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention.
The whole gas turbine power generating plant that is shown by symbol GP is made of gas turbine engine systems GC, the CC of gas turbine burner system, the CR of cooling air circulation system and steam circulation ST.
Gas turbine engine systems GC is made of the compressor 10, combustion gas turbine 11, the generator 12 that are directly disposing to serial connection on an axle.
The CC of gas turbine burner system is by the inner cylinder portion 14 in the coaxial housing that is contained in gas turbine burner 9 13, be arranged at the fuel nozzle 15 of head one side of this inner cylinder portion 14, and along inner cylinder portion 14 interior Monday for example tubular that side is provided with coolant path portion 16 constitute.In addition, inner cylinder portion 14 generates the combustion zone FC of combustion gas by mixing with combustion air from the fuel of fuel nozzle 15 and will constitute from the transition portion 17 that the combustion gas of this combustion zone FC are delivered in the combustion gas turbine 11, makes it to be divided into and the corresponding coolant path of this combustion zone FC and transition portion 17 portion 16,16.
The CR of cooling air circulation system is by having the peripheral passage 18 that is connected with the coolant path 16,16 of the CC of gas turbine burner system, make the pressure balanced equal pressure head portion 19 of the housing 13 of the pressure gas turbine combustion device CC of system in this peripheral passage 18, the heat exchange department 20 that the cooling air of equal pressure head portion 19 is cooled off again, replenish the pressure loss that produces when cooling off again in this heat exchanger portion 20 and again cooling air turn back to that circuit blower portion 21 constitutes in the coolant path portion 16,16 of the CC of gas turbine burner system.
Steam circulation ST is made of the steam turbine installation 43 with steam generator 22, steam turbine 23, condenser 24, feed water pump 25, the heat that the combustion gas turbine 11 of gas turbine engine systems GC is discharged is as thermal source, in steam generator 22, produce steam, give steam turbine 23 expansion workings the steam of this generation, thereby acquisition power, steam behind the expansion working cools off in condenser 24, circulates in steam generator 22 through feed water pump 25 as the condensation feedwater.In addition, the condensation feedwater that feed water pump exports a side directs in the heat exchange department 20 of the above-mentioned cooling air circulation CR of system by supplying pipe 44, as the cooling medium, behind this heat temperature raising, turn back in the steam generator 22 and circulate, thereby realized the heat recovery of the discharge heat of combustion gas turbine 11 by recovery tube 45.
Yet, the equal pressure head portion 19 of the above-mentioned cooling air circulation CR of system is made of confined chamber 19a, and comprise: the equal press fit pipe 19b that the side of this confined chamber 19a is connected with the housing 13 of the CC of gas turbine burner system, cooling air pipe 19c that is connected with coolant path portion 16,16 that inner cylinder portion 14 along the above-mentioned gas turbine burner CC of system is provided with and the 19d of export department that the cooling air of this cooling air pipe 19c is imported heat exchange department 20.In addition, in above-mentioned confined chamber 19a, separate, form compartment 19f, 19g by saturating oralia 19e.This compartment 19f, 19g are used for the internal pressure in the above-mentioned housing 13 of balance.
When the gas turbine power generating plant steady running, compartment 19f, the 19g in the confined chamber 19a will make this high-pressure air not mix with the cooling air of cooling air pipe 19c in the confined chamber 19a 19d of export department one side from the high-pressure air that housing 13 is discharged by slowly reducing pressure.Consequently, if the pressure stability in the housing 13, then the high-pressure air in the housing 13 can not flow among the confined chamber 19a of equal pressure head portion 19, and has only the cooling air among the cooling air pipe 19c to turn back in the peripheral passage 18.
In addition, the load of combustion gas turbine 11 changes, then just change thereupon of the pressure in the housing 13, and high-pressure air will pass in and out between the confined chamber 19a of housing 13 and equal pressure head portion 19 repeatedly by equal press fit pipe 19b.Like this, this equal press fit pipe 19b has just had the function of the pressure in the confined chamber 19a of pressure and equal pressure head portions 19 in the autobalance housing 13.
Therefore, owing to can automatically carry out balance to the pressure between the confined chamber 19a of housing 13 and equal pressure head portion 19, thus help the compressive strength design of coolant path portion 16,16, improved its reliability.In addition, as described later, can also reduce the power of blower 21b.
On the other hand, the blower portion 21 that is installed in the peripheral passage 18 of the CR of cooling air circulation system is made of the confined chamber 21a that contains blower 21b, and this confined chamber 21a designs for the internal pressure of the equal pressure head of balance portion 19.Blower 21b is arranged to the open state that is connected with ambient atmosphere, blower 21b is when circulating cooling air in path of cool air portion 16,16, have and make it to boost necessary powerful power, and under the pressure balanced state of confined chamber 21a and equal pressure head portion 19, cooling air was delivered to coolant path portion at 16,16 o'clock, and the pressure loss of cooling air has partly obtained replenishing.Therefore, the blower 21b of confined chamber 21a only need expend and the suitable power of cooling air pressure loss part when cooling air is circulated in coolant path 16,16, therefore, has reduced power consumption.
Effect to said structure describes below.
The running torque of the compressor 10 of gas turbine engine systems GC by combustion gas turbine 11 sucks the atmosphere in the external world and makes it high-pressure trend, and high-pressure air is given in the housing 13 of gas turbine burner 9 as combustion air.
Deliver in the housing 13 as the high-pressure air of combustion air and mix mutually with fuel from fuel nozzle 15, form combustion gas at combustion zone FC, these combustion gas are delivered to the combustion gas turbine 11 as work done gas through transition portion 17 from combustion zone FC, obtain running torque at this by expansion working, make generator 12 rotations by running torque, thereby produce electric power output.
In addition, deliver in the housing 13 part as the high-pressure air of combustion air, the equal press fit pipe 19b by the CR of cooling air circulation system is directed among the compartment 19f of equal pressure head portion 19, in the internal pressure of this balance housing 13.Promptly, be directed at the high-pressure air among the compartment 19f, in a single day be closed at this, just balance the internal pressure of housing 13, the part of high-pressure air is reduced pressure in each chamber that forms by saturating oralia 19e, final suppress it as the barrier among the compartment 19g and do not flow to the 19d of export department of equal pressure head portion 19.
Yet, under the internal pressure and the high situation of the pressure reduction of the internal pressure of compartment 19f, 19g of when starting housing 13, high-pressure air can flow out through final compartment 19g, thereby uses as the cooling air of the coolant path 16,16 of the CC of gas turbine burner system.Moreover, when gas turbine burner 9 steady runnings, because the internal pressure of housing 13 and the internal pressure of each compartment 19f, 19g have formed pressure balance, high-pressure air only is sealed in the inside of compartment 19f, and owing to the variation of load makes running when changing, the high-pressure air of each compartment 19f, 19g can turn back in the housing 13, thereby keeps the constant compression force balance between housing 13 and the equal pressure head portion 19.
The cooling air of the 19d of export department that flows out equal pressure head portion 19 18 imports the heat exchange departments 20 from the peripheral passage, feeds water in this condensation with steam circulation ST and carries out heat exchange, is cooled off once more, delivers among the confined chamber 21a of blower portion 21.In this case, in the total amount of heat of the cooling air that in heat exchange department 20, cools off again, passing through coolant path at 16,16 o'clock, except the heat that absorbs, owing to also contain the power (the mechanical thermal loss of blower 21b) that blower 21b is consumed, so its heat is than higher.Carry out the condensation feedwater of the steam circulation ST of heat exchange with this cooling air, can sponge its most of heat than higher heat.Therefore, absorbed the condensation feedwater of the steam circulation ST of cooling air higher heat, owing to make it to heat up because of having absorbed heat, thereby saved the fuel that drops among the steam circulation ST, the equipment integral thermal efficiency is improved.
The confined chamber 21a of blower portion 21 can the equal pressure head of balance portion 19 pressure.For this reason, blower 21b will be more cooled cooling air deliver to the coolant path portion 16,16 o'clock of the CC of gas turbine burner system, replenished its pressure loss part.
So the cooling air of being sent by blower 21b is in coolant path portion 16,16 between flow periods, wall and transition portion 17 to the combustion zone FC of inner cylinder portion 14 cool off, turn back among the cooling air pipe 19c of equal pressure head portion 19 through peripheral passage 18 after the cooling, repeatedly inner cylinder portion 14 is cooled off continuously through said sequence afterwards.
Like this, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, owing to equal pressure head portion 19 pressure each other of the housing 13 of the CC of gas turbine burner system that is balance and the CR of cooling air circulation system constitutes, therefore, carry out circulation time at cooling air, can circulate with minimum power with the coolant path portion 16,16 of gas turbine burner 9.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, allow in the coolant path portion 16 of gas turbine combustion system CC the high-pressure air of circuit cooling air and gas turbine engine systems GC flow to be in different circulations by the blower 21b circuit of supplying gas.That is, the pressure loss of the cooling air in this circulation (the driving power of blower 21b) is irrelevant with the pressure loss of the high-pressure air of being discharged from the compressor 10 of gas turbine engine systems GC.Therefore, different with embodiment's in the past shown in Figure 15 situation, because the pressure loss of the cooling air of the inner cylinder portion 14 of cooling gas turbine engine combustors 9 is very little, thereby the integral pressure loss of gas turbine burner 9 can be restricted to necessary inferior limit.Thereby the raising to the thermal efficiency of gas turbine power generating plant contributes.
Fig. 2 impacts first embodiment's of cooling sketch along combustion zone FC in the coolant path 16 set in the inner cylinder portion 14 of the present invention to the combustion zone coolant path 16a of portion.
Be formed with the combustion zone FC that produces combustion gas on the inner cylinder portion 14.In the FC of this combustion zone, in the fuel of fuel nozzle 15, add the air that has by cyclone separator 15b rotation and carry out primary combustion, then, the unthickened fuel that adds pre-mixing nozzle 15a carries out secondary combustion, thereby forms combustion gas.
Outer wall one side at combustion zone FC is provided with for example combustion zone coolant path 16a of tubular, combustion zone coolant path 16a has respectively in the form of a ring or the 16b of inlet and the 16c of room of outlet of sleeve shape, and the demarcation strip 16e of the 16d of spout portion by band porous or punching shape marks off the 16b of inlet of outer circumferential side and the 16c of room of outlet of interior all sides.In addition, in 16b of inlet and the 16c of room of outlet, be respectively arranged with inlet menifold 16f and outlet menifold 16g.
The 16a of combustion zone coolant path portion that has this structure makes the pressure equalization of cooling air by inlet menifold 16f, in the 16d of spout portion, cooling air is clashed into towards the wall jet of combustion zone FC again, spray the bump back is realized pressure once more through outlet menifold 16g from the 16c of room of outlet homogenization.
Like this, because coolant path 16a makes the cooling air pressure equalization, undertaken impacting cooling by jet impact simultaneously, so the wall energy of combustion zone FC is enough cooled off uniformly in whole zone.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are respectively the sketches of the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th embodiment of combustion zone coolant path 16a in the coolant path portion 16.
These several embodiments have adopted and above-mentioned impact cooling (Fig. 2) different convection current type of cooling, they are common in this, that is, be provided with for example turbulence such as rib or fin body 27 among the common 16a of combustion zone coolant path portion among Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.By this turbulence body 27 the mobile of cooling air got muddled, improve heat transference efficiency.Like this, owing to cool off, therefore than in the past cooling effectiveness height with the wall of the cooling air that has improved heat transference efficiency to combustion zone FC.
In addition, Fig. 6 shows to run through on inner cylinder portion 14 film-cooling hole is set, thereby can carry out the situation of film cooling to the part of inner cylinder portion 14.The linkage structure (not shown) of flame propagation pipe, flame sensor and transition portion is installed in the zone except the combustion zone coolant path 16a of portion on inner cylinder portion 14.Therefore, this mounting zone is exposed in the high-temperature combustion gas, though be in too harsh state, but still be difficult to cool off.
Present embodiment by with the high-pressure air of housing 13 from extracting with film-cooling hole 42 as cooling and making this air mobile along the wall of inner cylinder portion 14, just can carry out good cooling, thereby can keep its intensity.In addition, on the part of the combustion zone coolant path 16a of portion, also be equipped with film-cooling hole 42, by this measure,, therefore can strengthen cooling effect owing on the wall of the end regions of the combustion zone coolant path 16a of portion, flowing of cooling air 40 arranged.Particularly under the situation of cooling air 40 quantity not sufficients, also can effectively cool off.
Fig. 8 is the counter-rotating coolant path structure that is respectively arranged with the demarcation strip 16h that divides the 16b of inlet, the 16c of room of outlet on the 16a of combustion zone coolant path portion that the outer circumferential side along inner cylinder portion 14 forms.In addition, on the 16b of inlet, the 16c of room of outlet, be respectively arranged with inlet menifold 16f and outlet menifold 16g.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the coolant path 16a of portion in combustion zone is formed counter-rotating coolant path structure,, the pulsation of cooling air is relaxed owing to flow in cooling air is snakelike.In addition, because the coolant path 16a of portion in combustion zone is made counter-rotating coolant path structure, the outlet menifold 16g of the inlet menifold 16f of the 16b of inlet and the 16c of room of outlet is approaching mutually, thereby makes that the combination operation is installed to be carried out easily.Moreover, the gas turbine burner 9 of present embodiment is owing to be provided with a plurality of, 18 tubes for example, by the coolant path 16a of portion in combustion zone being made the access structure of counter-rotating cooling, for a plurality of 16b of inlet, an inlet menifold 16f can be accumulated, and, an outlet menifold 16g can be accumulated for a plurality of 16c of room of outlet.Therefore, can realize installing, the simplification of group technology.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 represent respectively in the inner cylinder portion shown in Figure 1 14 and transition portion 17 in first embodiment of the transition portion coolant path portion 28 that is provided with and second embodiment's sketch.
Present embodiment has adopted the impact type of cooling, the convection current type of cooling that improves the cooling performance of transition portion 17.
That is, Fig. 3 has adopted the impact type of cooling, and Fig. 4 has then adopted the convection current type of cooling, has improved the cooling of the transition portion 17 that is exposed in the high-temperature combustion gas simultaneously.
Carry out specific description according to Fig. 3 below, be provided with for example transition portion coolant path portion 28 of tubular at the outer circumferential side of transition portion 17.This transition portion coolant path portion 28 has the 28a of inlet and the 28b of room of outlet of ring-type or tubular respectively, and the demarcation strip 28d of the 28c of spout portion by having cellular or punching shape marks off the 28a of outer circumferential side inlet and interior all side outlets chamber 28b.On 28a of inlet and the 28b of room of outlet, be respectively arranged with inlet menifold 28d and outlet menifold 28e in addition.
By this structure, can improve along with the cooling performance that impacts cooling, in addition, can make the pressure equalization of cooling air by inlet menifold 28d and outlet menifold 28e.
The structure that Fig. 4 represents is, owing to realized the raising of transition portion 17 cooling performances by the convection current cooling, thereby, in transition portion coolant path portion 28, be provided with turbulence body 29, thereby improved the cooling air thermal transmission coefficient.
Fig. 5 is the 7th embodiment's of the 16a of combustion zone coolant path portion in the coolant path 16 a sketch.
According to said structure, the coolant path 16a of portion in combustion zone can freely advance and retreat and move, thereby the excessive thermal stress that can avoid the temperature difference owing to inner cylinder portion 14 to cause has guaranteed the Security on the strength of materials.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 are the sketches that is applicable to as the 8th embodiment of the rib of turbulence body 27 set in the coolant path portion 16 or fin.
Rib or fin as turbulence body 27 are made along illustrating the tree-shaped of the cooling air flow shown in the solid arrow, are made of the structure with trunk sheet 27a and branch sheet 27b.
In the rib or fin as turbulence body 27 of this structure, because conflicting on trunk sheet 27a and branch sheet 27b repeatedly, cooling air flows, make heat transference efficiency higher than in the past, consequently can improve cooling performance.
Fig. 9 is gas turbine power generating plant second an embodiment's of the present invention system schematic.
Present embodiment is at the cooling medium CW that adopts as the heat exchange department 20 of the CR of cooling air circulation system, for example use on seawater, fuel, other industrial cooling water this point, different with the condensation feedwater of employing steam circulation ST among first embodiment, present embodiment is very effective on the heat recovery this point.In addition, other structure is because identical with first embodiment, thereby omits its explanation at this.
Figure 12 is gas turbine power generating plant the 3rd an embodiment's of the present invention system schematic.
Present embodiment is to make the blower 21b that accommodates in the blower portion 21 of the CR of cooling air circulation system carry out auto-action.
In more detail, be the pressure transducer 33 that the change of detector internal pressure is set in the housing 13 of the CC of gas turbine burner system.This pressure transducer 33 passes to function generator 34 with testing signal under the situation of container inner pressure change, select the signal that is consistent with testing signal and make blower 21b produce action as actuating signal.Like this, under the situation that the internal pressure of for example housing 13 changes because of load variations etc., this pressure change signal is detected by pressure transducer 33, by the signal that detects is selected in function generator 34, drive signal as blower 21b, can make blower 21b produce action rapidly according to the change of its internal pressure, the cooling that therefore can make inner cylinder portion 14 regularly well, carry out effectively.
What Figure 13 represented is the function curve diagram that function generator 34 equipment selfs are had.Its transverse axis is represented the testing signal of pressure transducer 33, and its longitudinal axis is represented the axle power signal as blower 21b actuating signal.
To carry out the cooling of sufficient wall in order making according to whole moving commentaries on classics condition, the cooling air flow velocity on the coolant path 16,16 to be supplied with roughly certain condition by the supply gas volume flowrate of circuit cooling air of blower 21b.Under the certain situation of cooling air flow velocity, the weight flow of the cooling air that blower 21b supplies gas increases and decreases pro rata according to the pressure in the coolant path 16,16.
In addition, the driving power of blower 21b is directly proportional with its weight flow.That is,, must have and the proportional blower shaft power of the internal pressure of coolant path 16,16 in order to carry out the wall cooling.
As shown in figure 13, use as actuating signal with proportional power signal of internal pressure (transverse axis) (longitudinal axis), can establish sufficient cool condition according to whole operating condition, thereby can utilize power to carry out suitable running according to the necessary minimal blower 21b of its operating condition (internal pressure of coolant path 16,16).
As above-mentioned illustrated, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, coolant path portion is set on the inner cylinder portion in being contained in the housing of gas turbine burner, owing to be equipped with on the peripheral passage that is arranged at this coolant path portion: the above-mentioned enclosure interior pressure of balance also makes the cooling air of above-mentioned coolant path portion carry out the equal pressure head of circuit portion, the heat exchange department that the cooling air of this equal pressure head portion is cooled off again, and replenish again cooled cooling air the pressure loss and in above-mentioned coolant path portion the blower portion of circulation cooling air, therefore, under the little state of the cooling air pressure loss, can carry out good cooling to inner cylinder portion with fewer cooling air volume.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, all pressure head portion is made of confined chamber, and have the equal press fit pipe that this confined chamber is connected with the housing of gas turbine burner, the cooling air pipe that is connected with coolant path portion respectively and the cooling air of cooling air pipe is delivered to export department in the peripheral passage, owing to have the saturating oralia that forms compartment in the above-mentioned confined chamber, thus can the above-mentioned housing of balance and compartment in pressure.Consequently, the cooling air from coolant path portion can circulate in the peripheral passage under the pressure stable state.
Moreover, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention,, the heat of cooling air can be recovered in other the equipment effectively owing to carry out heat exchange with the cooling medium that are arranged at the heat exchanger in the portion of peripheral passage.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, owing in coolant path portion, penetratingly be provided with film-cooling hole, even be not easy to carry out in the cooled zones at complex structure, cooling air is flowed with comparalive ease, thereby can make inner cylinder portion keep intensity.In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, coolant path portion is made of inlet and room of outlet, inlet is separated by the demarcation strip that has spout portion mutually with the room of outlet, and owing on each of inlet, room of outlet, all be provided with menifold, therefore can cool off with the high impact of heat transference efficiency coolant path portion, and can also carry out equal pressure distribution to cooling air by menifold.
Also have, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention,, can make inlet and room of outlet approaching mutually respectively owing to coolant path structure that coolant path portion is arranged to reverse.Like this, each menifold that is provided with respectively in inlet, the room of outlet can accumulate a menifold and carry out the assembly installment work, thereby operation is oversimplified.
In addition, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention,, thereby can carry out effective convection current cooling because coolant path portion is provided with the turbulence body.
And, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, because coolant path portion is provided with the turbulence body is made the tree-shaped structure with trunk sheet and branch sheet, cooling air has a lot of snakelike flowing, thereby can more improve heat transference efficiency than conventional art.
Further, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, because coolant path portion is arranged to according to the temperature difference of inner cylinder portion and corresponding structure of carrying out telescopic moving, therefore Yin Re can be avoided and the overstress that produces.
Further, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, owing to the pressure balanced form of blower portion being arranged to respect to equal pressure head portion in the confined chamber, therefore the blower that is housed in the confined chamber just can make cooling air circulate in coolant path with very little power.
And, in gas turbine power generating plant of the present invention, owing to be provided with the internal pressure that detects in the gas turbine burner middle shell and, therefore can allow blower turn round automatically according to the function generator that the variation of its internal pressure is moved the blower of blower portion.
Claims (14)
1. gas turbine power generating plant, compressor and combustion gas turbine are arranged on the common shaft by operative relationship with being one another in series, thereby have fuel is added from the gas turbine burner that generates combustion gas in the high-pressure air of compressor, and the combustion gas that will generate in this gas turbine burner are delivered in the above-mentioned combustion gas turbine, obtain power by expansion working, it is characterized in that: this gas turbine power generating plant also has along the coolant path portion of outer side setting Monday that is housed in the inner cylinder portion in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing and with the cooling air in this coolant path portion and carries out the circuit peripheral passage, this peripheral passage comprises respectively: the pressure in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing of balance is also delivered to equal pressure head portion in the above-mentioned peripheral passage with the cooling air in the above-mentioned coolant path portion, the heat exchange department that will cool off again from the cooling air that this equal pressure head portion discharges and cooled cooling air is counter again delivers to the blower portion that above-mentioned coolant path portion circulates.
2. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: outside the inner cylinder portion in being contained in the gas turbine burner housing Monday side and the coolant path portion that is provided be arranged at least one side in above-mentioned inner cylinder portion and the transition portion.
3. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: on the inner cylinder portion in being contained in the gas turbine burner housing, run through the cooling air and the high-pressure air in the housing that are provided with coolant path portion and be the film-cooling hole that the film shape leads.
4. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: all pressure head portion is made of confined chamber, and have respectively: the equal press fit pipe that a side of this confined chamber is connected with the housing of gas turbine burner, with the cooling air pipe that is connected along the set coolant path portion of the outer circumferential side of inner cylinder portion, the cooling air of this cooling air pipe is delivered to the export department of peripheral passage, and the saturating oralia that above-mentioned confined chamber is formed compartment.
5. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the cooling medium of supplying with heat exchange department are the condensation feedwater of steam turbine power generating equipment, seawater, fuel and any from the cooling water of miscellaneous equipment.
6. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: heat exchange department has the supplying pipe that will derive as the condensation feedwater of cooling medium respectively and above-mentioned condensation as the cooling medium fed water in the steam turbine power generating equipment heats and returns recovery tube in the above-mentioned steam turbine power generating equipment.
7. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the coolant path portion along the inner cylinder portion outer circumferential side has inlet and room of outlet respectively, separate by the demarcation strip with spout portion this inlet and room of outlet, on the other hand, have menifold respectively on each of inlet and room of outlet.
8. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the coolant path portion along the inner cylinder portion outer circumferential side has inlet and room of outlet respectively, separate by demarcation strip this inlet and room of outlet, form the counter-rotating coolant path, on the other hand, have menifold respectively on each of inlet and room of outlet.
9. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: along the coolant path portion of inner cylinder portion outer circumferential side, the wall of inner cylinder portion is provided with the turbulence body that promotes turbulent flow.
10. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: the turbulence body uses a kind of in rib or the fin selectively.
11. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: be arranged on rib in the coolant path portion or fin and form tree-shapedly along the air-flow of cooling air, constitute by trunk sheet and branch sheet.
12. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: coolant path portion is made of the flexible part according to the telescopic moving campaign of inner cylinder portion, at the distolateral seal ring that can freely advance and retreat that is provided with of one.
13. gas turbine power generating plant as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: blower portion is made of the confined chamber that is used for the equal pressure head of balance portion pressure, contains blower in confined chamber.
14. by the described a kind of gas turbine power generating plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this gas turbines for power generation equipment has along the coolant path portion that is housed in outer side setting Monday of inner cylinder portion in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing and with the cooling air in this coolant path portion and carries out the circuit peripheral passage, this peripheral passage comprises respectively: the pressure in the above-mentioned gas turbine burner housing of balance is also delivered to equal pressure head portion in the above-mentioned peripheral passage with the cooling air in the above-mentioned coolant path portion, the heat exchange department that will cool off again from the cooling air that this equal pressure head portion discharges, and will be more cooled cooling air be returned to the blower portion that above-mentioned coolant path portion circulates, on the other hand, in above-mentioned housing, be provided with pressure transducer and make the function generator of above-mentioned gas fan portion action according to the pressure oscillation in the housing.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP312703/1995 | 1995-11-30 | ||
| JP312703/95 | 1995-11-30 | ||
| JP31270395 | 1995-11-30 | ||
| JP043903/96 | 1996-02-29 | ||
| JP043903/1996 | 1996-02-29 | ||
| JP04390396A JP3619599B2 (en) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-02-29 | Gas turbine plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1157879A CN1157879A (en) | 1997-08-27 |
| CN1072304C true CN1072304C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
Family
ID=26383736
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96121371A Expired - Fee Related CN1072304C (en) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-11-30 | Gas-turbine generating equipment |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5802841A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3619599B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100231175B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1072304C (en) |
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- 1996-11-30 CN CN96121371A patent/CN1072304C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-02 US US08/756,918 patent/US5802841A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| US5394687A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-03-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Gas turbine vane cooling system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5802841A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| KR100231175B1 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
| CN1157879A (en) | 1997-08-27 |
| JPH09209778A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
| KR970027714A (en) | 1997-06-24 |
| JP3619599B2 (en) | 2005-02-09 |
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