CN107229300B - Automatic temperature controller for greenhouse air release machine - Google Patents
Automatic temperature controller for greenhouse air release machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107229300B CN107229300B CN201710646414.5A CN201710646414A CN107229300B CN 107229300 B CN107229300 B CN 107229300B CN 201710646414 A CN201710646414 A CN 201710646414A CN 107229300 B CN107229300 B CN 107229300B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
- G05D23/2451—Details of the regulator
- G05D23/2456—Details of the regulator using selfs or transformers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic temperature controller for a greenhouse ventilation machine, which mainly comprises five modules, namely: the low-temperature air-combined preset control module, the high-temperature air-open preset control module, the overtemperature alarm module, the limit switch control module and the motor control module are used for presetting temperature and controlling the temperature by a module integrated circuit through a digital key, so that the operation is simple, the data error is small, manpower and material resources are saved, and the yield and the quality of fruits and vegetables are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automatic temperature control, in particular to an automatic temperature controller for a greenhouse ventilation machine.
Background
At present, most fruit and vegetable greenhouse farmers cannot be opened and handed in whole day, a large amount of time and manpower are used for manually opening and closing air ports of the greenhouse to control the temperature, the labor intensity is quite high, a large amount of manpower and time are consumed for management, and the control temperature error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the actual situation of the requirements of greenhouse farmers and the defects of the prior art, the automatic temperature controller for the greenhouse ventilation machine is simple in setting, small in error, more accurate and convenient to operate, the temperature is preset through a digital key, and the temperature is controlled by an integrated circuit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an automatic temperature controller for a greenhouse ventilation machine, which comprises: a low-temperature air-combined preset control module, a high-temperature air-open preset control module and an overtemperature alarm module, wherein,
the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module comprises: the temperature detection circuit comprises a first voltage comparator, a resistor network, a thermistor, a plurality of time-base integrated circuits and a plurality of relays, wherein the positive input end of the first voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to a positive voltage, the resistor network is connected downwards for temperature presetting, the reverse input end of the first voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to the positive voltage, and the thermistor is connected downwards for temperature detection; the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the trigger end of a first time base integrated circuit, the output end of the first time base integrated circuit is respectively connected with a first relay and a fourth relay, the fourth relay is connected with the power supply input end of a second time base integrated circuit, and the output end of the second time base integrated circuit is connected with a third relay;
the high-temperature open air preset control module comprises: the temperature detection circuit comprises a second voltage comparator, a resistor network, a thermistor, a first time base integrated circuit and a second relay, wherein the positive input end of the second voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to a positive voltage and is connected with the thermistor in a downward mode for temperature detection, the reverse input end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the resistor to the positive voltage in an upward mode and is connected with the resistor network in a downward mode for temperature presetting; the output end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the trigger end of the first time base integrated circuit, and the output end of the first time base integrated circuit is respectively connected with the second relay and the fourth relay;
the overtemperature alarm module comprises: the temperature monitoring device comprises a third voltage comparator, a thermistor, a fifth relay and an alarm, wherein the reverse input end of the third voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to a positive voltage and is connected with a potentiometer for presetting reference voltage in a lower mode, the forward input end of the third voltage comparator is connected with the resistor to the positive voltage and is connected with the thermistor for temperature detection in a lower mode; and the output end of the third voltage comparator is connected with the fifth relay, and the fifth relay is connected with the alarm.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: limit switch control module, it includes: the first reeds of the multiple reed pipes are connected with the positive voltage, the second reeds of the first reed pipes are connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the low-temperature open air preset control module, the second reeds of the second reed pipes are connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open air preset control module, the second reeds of the third reed pipes are connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the low-temperature open air preset control module through diodes, and the second reeds of the fourth reed pipes are connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open air preset control module and the second reeds of the third reed pipes respectively.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and the thermometer is used for measuring the temperature in the greenhouse.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: one end of the first safety switch is grounded, and the other end of the first safety switch is connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and is used for manually controlling air mixing; one end of the second safety switch is grounded, and the other end of the second safety switch is connected with a trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open air preset control module and used for manually controlling open air.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: a duplex reset switch, the duplex reset switch comprising: two sets of contacts, wherein the first set of contacts is connected in parallel with the fourth relay and is connected with the positive voltage; and one end of the second group of contacts is grounded, and the other end of the second group of contacts is connected with the trigger end and the threshold end of the second time-base integrated circuit and is used for supplying power to the second time-base integrated circuit and carrying out reset operation.
Further, the first voltage comparator, the second voltage comparator and the third voltage comparator are voltage comparators in an LM339 chip.
Further, the first time-base integrated circuit is an NE555 circuit, and the second time-base integrated circuit is an LM555 circuit.
Further, the positive voltage is 12V; the resistance network is a two-digit digital key circuit adopting 8421 coding.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and the collector of the fifth triode is sequentially connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit, the bridge rectifier circuit and the transformer and is used for providing direct-current positive voltage for the alternating-current power supply through voltage reduction, rectification and voltage stabilization in sequence.
Further, the bridge rectifier circuit is composed of four diodes.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: the base electrode of a first triode is connected with the output end of a first time base integrated circuit in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module, and the collector electrode of the first triode is connected with the first relay; the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the output end of the first time base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open-air preset control module, and the collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the second relay; the base electrode of the third triode is connected with the output end of the second time-base integrated circuit, and the collector electrode of the third triode is connected with the third relay; a base electrode of the fourth triode is respectively connected with the output end of the first time base integrated circuit in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the output end of the first time base integrated circuit in the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module, and a collector electrode of the fourth triode is connected with the fourth relay; and the base electrode of the fifth triode is connected with the output end of a third voltage comparator in the overtemperature alarm module, and the emitting electrode of the fifth triode is connected with the fifth relay.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the automatic temperature controller is used for the greenhouse ventilation machine, the temperature is preset through a digital key and is controlled by an integrated circuit, the operation is simple, the data error is small, manpower and material resources are saved, and the yield and the quality of fruits and vegetables are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an automatic temperature controller according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the mechanical part of the greenhouse ventilation machine.
The device comprises a speed reducer 1, an iron pipe 2, a screw rod 3, a nylon nut plate 4, a bar magnet 5, a thin rope 6, a movable buckle 7, a pulley 8 and a motor 9.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications.
The first, second, third, fourth and fifth elements in the description of the components according to some embodiments of the invention are not limited in order, structure or function, but are for better description and understanding.
The invention provides an automatic temperature controller for a greenhouse ventilation machine, and fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of the automatic temperature controller, according to an embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 1, the automatic temperature controller comprises five modules, which are respectively: the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module, the high-temperature air-opening preset control module, the overtemperature alarm module, the limit switch control module and the motor control module.
According to some embodiments of the invention, an integrated circuit to which the invention applies comprises: LM339, NE555 and LM555, wherein, LM339 is the integrated chip with four independent voltage comparators, the invention uses three independent voltage comparators among them as first voltage comparator IC1, second voltage comparator IC2 and third voltage comparator IC3 respectively, and the remaining one voltage comparator is idle and not used.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, one NE555 is used as the first time-base integrated circuit IC4 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module, respectively, and the trigger end (pin 2) and the reset locking end (pin 6) of the NE555 are separately connected to form a monostable electronic switch circuit, so that the voltage of the trigger end (pin 2) is greater than one third of the power supply direct-current positive voltage 12V, i.e., the NE can operate, and the control sensitivity is improved.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the LM555 is the second time-base integrated circuit IC5 of the present invention, which is connected to form a timing switch circuit, and passes through the third transistor VT 39013 controls the third relay K3 to intermittently supply power to the motor 9, and the time length of the timing switch is set according to the actual temperature change in the greenhouse.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the low temperature air-mixing preset control module includes: the relay comprises a first voltage comparator IC1, a resistor network, a thermistor, a first time base integrated circuit IC4, a second time base integrated circuit IC5, a first relay K1, a third relay K3 and a fourth relay K4.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the resistor network is a two-bit digital KM1-2 key circuit encoded by 8421, a forward input end (pin 5) of the IC1 is connected with a 15K resistor R1 to a dc 12V positive voltage, the two-bit digital key is connected with the IC downward for presetting a reference voltage, i.e., low temperature presetting, a temperature range of 10 bits is digital 0-3, and one bit is digital 0-9, values are combined according to an 8421 relationship, i.e., a preset temperature of a wind-in temperature is 39 ℃ at most, a reverse input end (pin 4) of the IC1 is connected with a 15K resistor R2 to a dc 12V positive voltage, and the thermistor is connected with an Rt glass-sealed NTC negative temperature thermistor to a ground terminal for temperature detection.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the first time base integrated circuit NE555 IC4 is connected to a monostable electronic switching circuit, and has an on time of 90s and an off time of 160s, which are as follows: an output end (pin 2) of the IC1 is connected with a 15K pull-up resistor R3 to a direct current 12V positive voltage in a connecting mode, and is connected with a trigger end (pin 2) of the IC4 after being connected with a 4148 diode in a forward direction, the first safety switch Q1 is connected between the 4148 diode and the trigger end (pin 2) of the IC4, one end of the first safety switch is grounded, the other end of the first safety switch is connected with a trigger end of a first time-base integrated circuit IC4 in the low-temperature wind-on preset control module and used for manually controlling wind-on, and the trigger end (pin 2) of the IC4 is connected with a 20K resistor R5 to the ground end to establish a working point; the output end (pin 3) of the IC4 is connected with a 10K resistor R8 to the first triode VT 19013 base electrode, said VT19013 has a collector connected to the first relay K1, an emitter grounded, the first relay K1 (model: JQC-3FF) connected to a dc 12V positive voltage and connected in parallel to a 4148 protection diode, and the output terminal (pin 3) of the IC4 is sequentially connected to a light emitting diode and a 1.2K resistor R9 to ground for display, and sequentially connected to a forward diode, a 10K resistor R7, a 1K resistor R19 to a fourth transistor VT 49013 base electrode, said VT 49013 is connected to the fourth relay K4 at its collector and to ground at its emitter, said fourth relay K4 is connected in parallel to a 4148 diode, according to some embodiments of the present invention, said fourth relay K4 is a dry-reed relay, which is connected to the power supply terminal (pin 8) of said IC5 and is connected in parallel to said dual reset switch KS; the reset terminal (pin 4) of the IC4 is connected to a dc 12V positive voltage, the control terminal (pin 5) thereof is connected to a capacitor to ground, the reset latch terminal (pin 6) thereof is connected to a 15K resistor R6 to a dc 12V positive voltage, the power terminal (pin 8) thereof is connected to a dc 12V positive voltage, the discharge terminal (pin 7) thereof is left, and the ground terminal (pin 1) thereof is grounded.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the second time base integrated circuit LM555 IC5 is connected as a timing switch circuit, specifically as follows: the ground terminal (pin 1) of the IC5 is grounded; after the trigger end (pin 2) is connected with the threshold end (pin 6), the capacitor is connected to the ground in a downward connection mode, and the 200K resistor R22 and the backward diode are sequentially connected to the discharge end (pin 7) in an upward connection mode; the discharge end (pin 7) is sequentially connected with the resistor R21 of 510K and the backward diode to the trigger end (pin 2) and the threshold end (pin 6) in a downward mode, and is connected with the resistor R20 to the power supply end (pin 8) in an upward mode; a control voltage terminal (pin 5) is connected with the capacitor to ground, a reset terminal (pin 4) and a power supply terminal (pin 8) are connected with the fourth relay K4, and an output terminal (pin 3) is connected with the 10K resistor R24 to the third triode VT39013 base, said VT39013, the collector of which is connected with the third relay K3, the third relay K3 is connected with a 4148 diode in parallel, and then is connected with the power supply end (pin 8) of the IC5, and the emitter of which is grounded; and, the output terminal (pin 3) of the IC5 is connected with a light emitting diode and a 1.2K resistor R25 to ground for operation display.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the working control process of the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module is as follows: when the temperature in the greenhouse drops, the resistance value of Rt becomes large, when the voltage of the reverse input end (pin 4) of the first voltage comparator IC1 rises to the control section, the output end (pin 2) becomes low level to the IC4, the trigger end (pin 2) of the IC4 is low level, and the output end (pin 3) outputs high level, so that the first triode VT is enabled19013 is conducted, and a relay K1 is switched on; meanwhile, the output end (pin 3) of the IC4 enables VT through a forward diode, a 10K resistor R7 and a 1K resistor R19 49013 is conducted, a fourth relay K4 is connected, a fourth relay K4 is connected with a working power supply of the LM555 IC5 to provide working voltage for the LM555 IC5, and when the IC5 works, the third triode VT is connected with the third triode VT39013 and switching on a third relay K3 (model CJQC-3ff) to attract and provide a working power supply for the motor 9, the motor rotates reversely intermittently when the wind is closed at low temperature, the motor drives the speed reducer 1, the screw 3, the iron pipe 2 and the string 6, and the plastic tuyere is closed down to keep the temperature. When the temperature is oneThe motor drags the iron pipe and the string to gradually close the plastic air port when the screw rod rotates, the bar magnet moves until the bar magnet is close to the first reed pipe A which has a limiting effect, the first reed pipe A is connected with the IC4 in the low-temperature air-closing preset control module, the IC4 trigger end (pin 2) is at a high level, the output end (pin 3) is at a low level, and the motor stops rotating. The actions are completed, and the heat preservation and air combination process is realized.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the high temperature open air preset control module includes: a second voltage comparator IC2, the resistor network, the thermistor, a first time base integrated circuit NE555 IC4 and a second relay K2(JQC-3 FF).
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a positive input terminal (pin 7) of the second voltage comparator IC2 is connected to a positive voltage of 15K resistor R11 to a positive voltage of direct current 12V, and connected to ground via an Rt glass-sealed NTC thermistor for temperature detection of open-air control, and a negative input terminal (pin 6) of the IC2 is connected to a positive voltage of 15K resistor R10 to the positive voltage of direct current 12V, and connected to a resistor network formed by two-bit digital keys 8421 for presetting a reference voltage, i.e., preset open-air temperature.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the output terminal (pin 1) of the second voltage comparator IC2 is connected with a 15K pull-up resistor R12 to a positive voltage, and a diode is connected to the trigger terminal (pin 2) of the IC4 in the high temperature open wind pre-set control module in the forward direction, and the second safety switch Q2 is connected between the diode and the trigger terminal (pin 2) of the IC4, one end of the second safety switch Q2 is grounded, and the other end is connected with the trigger terminal (pin 2) of the NE555 IC4 in the high temperature open wind pre-set control module for manually controlling open wind, the trigger terminal (pin 2) of the 555 NE IC4 is connected with a 20K resistor R14, and the output terminal (pin 3) of the IC4 is connected with a 10K resistor R17 to the second transistor VT for manually controlling open wind, wherein29013 base, said VT29013 has a collector connected to the second relay K2(JQC-3FF), an emitter connected to ground, and a second relay K2 connected to a DC 12V positive voltageA 4148 protection diode is connected in parallel, and the output terminal (pin 3) of the IC4 is sequentially connected to the light emitting diode and the 1.2K resistor R16 to ground, which is used as an operation indicator, which is sequentially connected to the forward diode, the 10K resistor R18, the 1K resistor R19 to the fourth transistor VT 49013 is connected with a fourth relay K4; the reset terminal (pin 4) of the IC4 is connected to dc 12V positive voltage, the control terminal (pin 5) thereof is connected to the capacitor to ground, the reset lock terminal (pin 6) thereof is connected to the 15K resistor R15 to dc 12V positive voltage, the power supply terminal (pin 8) thereof is connected to dc 12V positive voltage, the discharge terminal (pin 7) thereof is left vacant, and the ground terminal (pin 1) thereof is grounded.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the working control process of the high-temperature open air preset control module is as follows: when the temperature rises in the greenhouse, the Rt resistance value is reduced, the voltage of a forward input end (pin 7) of the IC2 is reduced, namely, the voltage of a reverse input end (pin 6) is increased, the voltage of an output end (pin 1) is low level, a trigger end (pin 2) of NE555 IC4 in the high-temperature open-air preset control module is low level, the output end (pin 3) of NE555 IC4 outputs high level, and the second triode VT is provided through a 10K resistor R17 29013 the base voltage of the second relay K2 is turned on, the second relay K2 (CJQC-3 ff) is turned on for pull-in, and at this time, a fourth triode VT is provided through a diode connected with the output end (pin 3) of the NE555 IC4 in a downward connection mode, a 10K resistor R18 and a 1K resistor R19 49013 base voltage, VT 49013 is conducted, the fourth relay K4 is pulled in to provide working voltage for the LM555 IC5, and the VT is switched on39013, a third relay K3 is engaged to provide a working power supply for the motor, and the motor rotates intermittently forward to drive the speed reducer, the iron pipe and the string, and draw the plastic air inlet to cool. When the temperature is in a high-temperature state all the time, the motor drags the iron pipe and the thin rope until the bar magnet is connected with the second limiting reed pipe B, the second reed pipe B is connected with a triggering end (pin 2) of the IC4 in the high-temperature open air preset control module and is in a high level, an output end (pin 3) of the second reed pipe B is in a low level, and the motor stops rotating. The actions are completed, and the high-temperature open air process is realized.
It will be appreciated that, as shown with reference to figure 1,the invention relates to a first relay K1 and a second relay K2 for controlling the operation of a motor, in particular to a first relay K1 which is a power supply switch of the motor during closing, a second relay K2 which is a power supply switch of the motor during opening, K1 which is connected, the motor reversely rotates to close the air at low temperature, K2 which is connected, the motor rotates forwardly to open the air at high temperature, and contacts of the live wire and the zero wire of a motor power supply are connected into an interlocking relationship to prevent the high and low temperature setting superposition from causing the short circuit of the live wire and the zero wire of the motor power supply, wherein the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are specifically: the normally closed contact of the K1 provides a loop for the normally open contact of the K2, the normally closed contact of the K2 provides a loop for the normally open contact of the K1, when neither relay is switched on, no power is supplied, and when both relays are switched on, no power is supplied; the motor can be energized only when one of the two relays is on, and more specifically, when one of the relays K1 or K2 is on, the fourth transistor VT is turned on49013 the fourth relay K4 is actuated to provide working voltage for the IC5, the IC5 is operated, and the third relay K3 is actuated to provide a running loop for the motor to close or open the air.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the third relay K3 is connected in series with the third relays K1 and K2, and when the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module work, the IC4 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module control the fourth relay K4, so that the motor can work only after the IC5 and the third relay K3 are controlled, and the third relay K3 is switched on; it can be understood that the fourth relay K4 is a common switch for supplying power to the second time base circuit LM555 IC5 for the high temperature and low temperature control, and jointly controls the connection of the third relay K3.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the over-temperature alarm module includes: a third voltage comparator IC3, the thermistor, a fifth relay K5 and an external alarm.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the inverting input terminal (pin 8) of the third voltage comparator IC3 is connected to the positive voltage of dc 12V through the 15K resistor R29, and connected to the 200K potentiometer for presetting a reference voltage, i.e. a preset alarm temperature value; the positive input end (pin 9) of the third voltage comparator IC3 is connected with the 15K resistor R28 to the positive voltage and connected with the Rt glass seal NTC negative temperature thermistor to the ground for temperature detection.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the output terminal (pin 14) of the third voltage comparator IC3 is connected to a 15K resistor R30 to a positive voltage, and connected to a 1K resistor R31 to the fifth transistor VT 58550, said VT 58550 is connected with the fifth relay K5 (dry reed relay), the fifth relay K5 is connected with a 4148 diode in parallel to the ground, and the contact of the K5 is connected with the external alarm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the working control process of the over-temperature alarm module is as follows: when the temperature in the greenhouse rises to exceed the preset alarm temperature limit value, the resistance value of Rt in the over-temperature alarm module becomes smaller, so that the voltage of the positive input end (pin 9) of the third voltage comparator IC3 is reduced, namely the voltage of the reverse input end (pin 8) of the third voltage comparator IC3 is increased, the voltage of the output end (pin 14) of the third voltage comparator IC3 is low, and the fifth triode VT is further enabled to be low58550 is conducted to connect K5 (dry reed relay) contact and alarm.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the present invention further includes three isolation diodes, which are: a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the limit switch control module includes: four reed switches: first tongue tube A, second tongue tube B, third tongue tube C and fourth tongue tube D, its specific connection is as follows: the first reeds of the four dry reed pipes are connected with a direct current 12V positive voltage, the second reed of the first dry reed pipe A is connected with a 1K resistor R4 to the trigger end (pin 2) of a first time-base integrated circuit IC4 in the low-temperature open air preset control module, the second reed of the second dry reed pipe B is connected with a 1K resistor R13 to the trigger end (pin 2) of a first time-base integrated circuit IC4 in the high-temperature open air preset control module, the second reed of the third dry reed pipe C is sequentially connected with the first diode and a resistor R4 to the trigger end (pin 2) of a first time-base integrated circuit IC4 in the low-temperature open air preset control module in a forward direction, the second reed of the fourth dry reed pipe D is connected with the second reed of the third dry reed pipe C in a parallel manner, and the second diode and the resistor R13 in the high-temperature open air preset control module are positively connected with the trigger end (pin 4) of the first time-base integrated circuit IC 352 in the high-temperature open air preset control module, the forward end of the third diode is connected with the forward end of the first diode, and the reverse end of the third diode is sequentially connected with a 1K resistor R23 to a trigger end (pin 2) and a threshold end (pin 6) in the timing circuit IC 5.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first diode, the second diode and the third diode are all used for isolation, at ordinary times, the circuit working voltage changes of the NE555 IC4, the timing circuit LM555 IC5 and the NE555 IC4 in the low temperature air-in preset control module are not interfered with each other, only when the first reed switch a and the second reed switch B are in failure or the motor steering direction is reversed from the actual required direction, the bar magnet 5 exceeds the a-B working limit region beyond a position, when the third reed switch C or the fourth reed switch D is switched on, after the positive voltage is switched on by the third reed switch C or the fourth reed switch D, the trigger end (pin 2) of the IC4 is at high level, and the output end (pin 3) outputs low level to disconnect the relays K1 and K2, the NE555 IC4 and the timing circuit 555 IC5 in the low temperature air-in preset control module are switched on, And the NE555 IC4 in the high-temperature open air preset control module stops running completely, and the motor is powered off and stops running.
According to some embodiments of the invention, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a mechanical part of a greenhouse ventilator, and referring to fig. 2, the limit switch control module of the invention comprises a first reed pipe a, a second reed pipe B, a third reed pipe C and a fourth reed pipe D, when the greenhouse ventilator normally works, the first reed pipe a is used as a low-temperature air-closing limit switch, the second reed pipe B is used as a high-temperature open air limit switch, the distance between the first reed pipe a and the second reed pipe B is a working space arranged at an air opening, namely an a-B working limit area, when the greenhouse ventilator normally works, a bar magnet moves in the a-B working limit area, when the bar magnet approaches the first reed pipe a, air closing stops, and when the bar magnet approaches the second reed pipe B, air opening stops.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, in order to prevent the a-B operation limiting area from malfunctioning or the motor from reversing, a set of safety limiting area is additionally provided, that is, the third reed pipe C and the fourth reed pipe D, that is, the two defense lines C-D limiting area, of the present invention, and two reed pipes, that is, the third reed pipe C and the fourth reed pipe D, are additionally provided outside the a-B operation limiting area, and specifically, the two reed pipes are set as follows: the third reed pipe C is additionally arranged at a position 4-5mm outside the first reed pipe A, and the fourth reed pipe D is additionally arranged at a position 4-5mm outside the second reed pipe B.
It can be understood that, during operation, when the bar magnet 5 crosses the a-B working limit region, the third reed pipe C or the fourth reed pipe D is switched on to perform action limit, so that the IC4 and the IC5 in the low-temperature air-closing preset control module and the high-temperature air-opening preset control module are all stopped and powered off, the timer LM555 IC5 is stopped, the motor is powered off, and at this time, manual forced reset is required to recover automatic control.
It can be understood that the forced reset recovery automatic control is performed by using the dual reset switch KS according to the present invention, which includes: two sets of contacts, wherein the first set of contacts is connected with the 12V positive voltage in parallel with the fourth relay K4; one end of the second group of contacts is grounded, the other end of the second group of contacts is connected with a triggering end (pin 2) and a threshold end (pin 6) of the LM555 IC5, the LM555 IC5 is controlled, and the third relay K3 is used for supplying power to the motor. When the motor works normally, the duplex reset switch KS is idle, only when a fault occurs or the motor and the actual required rotating direction are reversed, the bar magnet moves out of the A-B working limiting area, when the motor cannot run, the third reed pipe C or the fourth reed pipe D has a limiting effect, at the moment, the high temperature and the low temperature cannot be automatically controlled, under the condition, the duplex reset switch needs to be manually turned on to supply a timer LM555 IC5 working power supply to enable the LM555 IC5 to work, the third relay K3 is communicated, the IC4 and the IC5 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module are all started to work, the motor power supply is switched on, the bar magnet 5 moves out of the C-D limiting area, returns to the A-B working limiting area, recovers the automatic temperature control, and then is manually turned back to the KS switch to recover the original state.
More specifically, after the duplex reset switch KS is turned on, the first safety switch Q1 or the second safety switch Q2 needs to be manually pressed, a positive voltage signal is given to a trigger end (pin 2) of an IC4 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module or the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module to trigger the actions of the first safety switch Q1 or the second safety switch Q2, the ICs 4 and 5 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module all start to work, and when the bar magnet 5 approaches the first reed pipe a or the second reed pipe B until the bar magnet is separated from the C-D limit area, the duplex reset switch KS is manually pulled back.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first safety switch Q1 and the second safety switch Q2 of the present invention may be idle, and need to be manually reset, specifically, when high temperature open wind is needed, the open wind key number is pressed down, if low temperature close wind is needed, the close wind preset number key number is increased, and after the close wind preset number key number is restored.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the motor control module includes: the voltage stabilizing circuit 7812, the bridge rectifier circuit consisting of four IN4007 diodes, a transformer, a 220V 40W alternating current power supply, a motor and a capacitor, wherein the collector of the fifth triode is sequentially connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit, the bridge rectifier circuit and the transformer, and the bridge rectifier circuit sequentially reduces, rectifies and stabilizes the alternating current 220V power supply voltage to provide the direct current 12V positive voltage.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as illustrated with reference to FIG. 1, the present invention further comprises: and the thermometer is used for measuring the temperature in the greenhouse, and the power supply end of the thermometer is connected with two ends of the secondary coil after voltage reduction and is an AC 12V positive voltage which is not rectified.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the motor in fig. 1 is connected to a dual output shaft reducer 1 to drive the dual output shaft reducer 1 to rotate.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the left end of the double output shaft reducer is connected to a left end iron pipe, and the right end of the double output shaft reducer is connected to a screw 3 and a right end iron pipe 2 in sequence, and a plurality of pulley rope sets are arranged on the left end iron pipe and the right end iron pipe: each section of pulley rope group comprises: two sections strings 6, one of them section string is along positive direction (clockwise) winding, and the other section is along reverse direction (anticlockwise) winding, just two sections strings all stretch out one end downwards along vertical direction and link to each other through a pulley 8 and form the loop be equipped with the activity buckle 7 of a horizontal setting in the loop, activity buckle 7 sets up in the plastic tuyere of big-arch shelter for support the plastic tuyere of tractive big-arch shelter, when the iron pipe rotated, drive the activity buckle motion is drawn big wind gap or is closed the wind gap down, in order to reach the purpose of temperature in the control canopy. According to some embodiments of the invention, the output shaft of the motor is 60 rpm, the speed reducer is WPA-40, the speed ratio is 1/50, namely the rotation speed of the iron pipe is 1.2 rpm, the rotation speed is 90 seconds, the iron pipe stops for 160 seconds, the process is completed along with the natural rise and fall of the temperature, and the control time can be adjusted according to the temperature change in the shed.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the outer diameter of the iron pipe is 20mm, the diameter of the screw is 16mm, the length of the screw is 150mm, the screw is sleeved with a nylon nut plate with a screw, the bar magnet is embedded in the nylon nut plate, one end of the nylon nut plate is provided with a through hole, the nylon nut plate slides by penetrating through the through hole through a through nail, and moves left and right along the axis of the screw, when the bar magnet on the nylon nut plate approaches a first reed pipe a or a second reed pipe B for limiting, the automatic temperature controller stops supplying power, at this time, the motor stops working, when the temperature changes in the reverse direction (temperature rise or drop), the circuit controls the motor to rotate forward or backward, until the bar magnet is connected with one limiting reed pipe a or B, the motor stops again; when the magnetic valve works normally, the bar magnet moves left and right in an A-B working limiting area formed by the first reed pipe A and the second reed pipe B. And when the motor rotates for 90 seconds every time, the screw drives the iron pipe to rotate for one and a half circles, and the nylon nut plate on the screw moves for 2-4mm, namely the bar magnet moves for 2-4 mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the distance between the first reed pipe A and the second reed pipe B is generally 60-80mm, and the distance can be adjusted according to the size of an actual air port and can be adjusted at any time according to needs.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the thermostat is installed, the motor and the speed reducer are fixed on a vertical cement column at the back row in the greenhouse or a vertical firm steel framework. The automatic temperature controller, a set of motor and a speed reducer are arranged at intervals of 12-20 meters. Three or four pulley rope sets are wound at the positions of 6-10 meters of the left iron pipe and the right iron pipe, and each pulley rope set is fixed through a nylon movable buckle and transversely supported at a plastic air port of the greenhouse.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the automatic temperature controller is used for a greenhouse air release machine, and the working process comprises the following steps: the power is switched on, the current temperature in the greenhouse is displayed through the thermometer, the low-temperature is preset through the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module, the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module is used for presetting the high-temperature, the alarm temperature value is preset through the overtemperature alarm module, and the control process is as follows: when the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than the preset low-temperature, the first relay K1 acts correspondingly to connect the motor and the 220V power supply loop, the low-temperature air-closing preset control module controls the motor to rotate reversely to close air, the motor drags the iron pipe and the string to gradually close the plastic air port to raise the temperature, and the motor stops rotating until the bar magnet approaches the first reed pipe A which plays a limiting role; when the temperature in the greenhouse is higher than the preset high-temperature, the second relay K2 acts correspondingly to connect the motor with a 220V power supply loop, the high-temperature open air preset control module controls the motor to rotate forwards and open air, the motor drives a speed reducer, an iron pipe and a string, the bar magnet moves along with the screw rod to enlarge the plastic air port and cool the plastic air port until the bar magnet is connected with the second limiting reed switch B, and the motor stops rotating; when the temperature in the greenhouse is between the preset low temperature and the preset high temperature, K1 and K2 do not act; when the temperature in the greenhouse is higher than the preset alarm temperature value, alarming is carried out, the greenhouse stops working, the preset temperature is carried out again according to the actual situation, the specific working principle process of the five modules is as described above, and the detailed description is omitted here.
The inventor finds that the automatic temperature controller for the greenhouse ventilation machine, disclosed by the invention, controls the temperature through the digital key presetting and the integrated circuit, is simple to operate, has small data error, saves manpower and material resources, and improves the yield and the quality of fruits and vegetables.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or point connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation, and that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An automatic temperature controller for a greenhouse ventilation machine, comprising: a low-temperature air-combined preset control module, a high-temperature air-open preset control module and an overtemperature alarm module, wherein,
the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module comprises: the temperature detection circuit comprises a first voltage comparator, a resistor network, a thermistor, a plurality of time-base integrated circuits and a plurality of relays, wherein the positive input end of the first voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to a positive voltage and is connected with the resistor network for temperature presetting, the reverse input end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the resistor to the positive voltage and is connected with the thermistor for temperature detection; the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the trigger end of a first time base integrated circuit, the output end of the first time base integrated circuit is respectively connected with a first relay and a fourth relay, the fourth relay is connected with the power supply input end of a second time base integrated circuit, and the output end of the second time base integrated circuit is connected with a third relay;
the high-temperature open air preset control module comprises: the temperature detection circuit comprises a second voltage comparator, a resistor network, a thermistor, a first time-base integrated circuit and a second relay, wherein the positive input end of the second voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to a positive voltage, the thermistor is connected downwards for temperature detection, the reverse input end of the second voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to the positive voltage, and the resistor network is connected downwards for temperature presetting; the output end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the trigger end of the first time base integrated circuit, and the output end of the first time base integrated circuit is respectively connected with the second relay and the fourth relay;
the overtemperature alarm module comprises: the alarm comprises a third voltage comparator, a thermistor, a fifth relay and an alarm, wherein the reverse input end of the third voltage comparator is connected with a resistor to positive voltage and connected with a potentiometer for presetting reference voltage in a lower mode; the output end of the third voltage comparator is connected with the fifth relay, and the fifth relay is connected with the alarm;
further comprising: limit switch control module, it includes: the first reed of the reed pipes is connected with the positive voltage, the second reed of the reed pipes is connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the low-temperature open air preset control module, the second reed of the reed pipes is connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open air preset control module, the second reed of the reed pipes is connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the low-temperature open air preset control module through a diode, and the second reed of the reed pipes is respectively connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open air preset control module and the second reed of the reed pipes;
one end of the first safety switch is grounded, and the other end of the first safety switch is connected with the trigger end of the first time-base integrated circuit in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and is used for manually controlling air mixing; one end of the second safety switch is grounded, and the other end of the second safety switch is connected with a trigger end of a first time-base integrated circuit in the high-temperature open air preset control module and used for manually controlling open air;
a duplex reset switch, the duplex reset switch comprising: two sets of contacts, wherein the first set of contacts is connected in parallel with the fourth relay and is connected with the positive voltage; one end of the second group of contacts is grounded, and the other end of the second group of contacts is connected with the trigger end and the threshold end of the second time-base integrated circuit and is used for providing power supply for the second time-base integrated circuit and carrying out reset operation;
the limiting switch control module comprises a first reed switch A, a second reed switch B, a third reed switch C and a fourth reed switch D, wherein during normal work, the first reed switch A is used as a low-temperature air-closing limiting switch, the second reed switch B is used as a high-temperature air-opening limiting switch, the distance between the first reed switch A and the second reed switch B is a working space arranged at an air opening, namely an A-B working limiting area, during normal work, a bar magnet moves in the A-B working limiting area, when the bar magnet is close to the first reed switch A, air closing is stopped, and when the bar magnet is close to the second reed switch B, air opening is stopped;
in order to prevent the A-B work limiting area from being in failure or prevent the motor from reversing, a set of safety limiting area is additionally arranged, namely a third reed pipe C and a fourth reed pipe D, namely a two-defense-line C-D limiting area, two reed springs of the third reed pipe C and the fourth reed pipe D are additionally arranged outside the A-B work limiting area, and the method is specifically set as follows: the third reed switch C is additionally arranged at a position 4-5mm outside the first reed switch A, the fourth reed switch D is additionally arranged at a position 4-5mm outside the second reed switch B, and meanwhile, the distance between the first reed switch A and the second reed switch B is 60-80 mm;
when the bar magnet runs over the A-B working limit area, the bar magnet is switched on to move to limit the third reed pipe C or the fourth reed pipe D, so that the IC4 and the IC5 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module stop working and are powered off, the timer LM555 IC5 stops working, the motor stops supplying power and the motor needs manual forced resetting to recover automatic control;
performing forced reset recovery automatic control by using the duplex reset switch KS, the duplex reset switch KS including: two sets of contacts, wherein the first set of contacts is connected with the fourth relay K4 in parallel and is connected with 12V positive voltage; one end of the second group of contacts is grounded, the other end of the second group of contacts is connected with the trigger end and the threshold end of the LM555 IC5, the LM555 IC5 is controlled, and the third relay K3 supplies power to the motor; when the motor works normally, the duplex reset switch KS is idle, only when a fault occurs or the motor and the actual required rotating direction are reversed, the bar-shaped magnet is moved out of the A-B working limiting area, when the motor cannot run, the third reed pipe C or the fourth reed pipe D has a limiting effect, at the moment, the high temperature and the low temperature cannot be automatically controlled, under the condition, the duplex reset switch needs to be manually turned on to supply a timer LM555 IC5 working power supply to enable the LM555 IC5 to work, the third relay K3 is communicated, and the IC4 and the IC5 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module are all started to work to switch on the motor power supply, the bar-shaped magnet is moved out of the C-D limiting area, returns to the A-B working limiting area, recovers the automatic temperature control, and then is manually turned back to the KS switch to recover the original state;
after the duplex reset switch KS is switched on, the first safety switch Q1 or the second safety switch Q2 needs to be manually pressed, a positive voltage signal is given to a trigger end of an IC4 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module or the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module to trigger the actions of the first safety switch Q1 or the second safety switch Q2, the IC4 and the IC5 in the low-temperature air-mixing preset control module and the high-temperature air-mixing preset control module all start to work, and when the bar magnet is close to the first reed pipe A or the second reed pipe B until the bar magnet is separated from the C-D limiting area, the duplex reset switch KS is manually pulled back.
2. The thermostat of claim 1, further comprising: and the thermometer is used for measuring the temperature in the greenhouse.
3. The thermostat of claim 1, wherein the first voltage comparator, the second voltage comparator and the third voltage comparator are voltage comparators in an LM339 chip.
4. The thermostat of claim 1, wherein the first time base integrated circuit is an NE555 circuit and the second time base integrated circuit is an LM555 circuit.
5. The thermostat of claim 1, wherein the positive voltage is 12V; the resistance network is a two-digit digital key circuit adopting 8421 coding.
6. The thermostat of claim 1, further comprising: and the collector of the fifth triode is sequentially connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit, the bridge rectifier circuit and the transformer and used for sequentially reducing voltage, rectifying and stabilizing the alternating current power supply to provide direct current positive voltage.
7. The thermostat of claim 6, wherein the bridge rectifier circuit is composed of four diodes.
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