CN107225049B - Self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column - Google Patents

Self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107225049B
CN107225049B CN201710614927.8A CN201710614927A CN107225049B CN 107225049 B CN107225049 B CN 107225049B CN 201710614927 A CN201710614927 A CN 201710614927A CN 107225049 B CN107225049 B CN 107225049B
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column body
flotation column
cone
flotation
pipe
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CN107225049A (en
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李全德
夏威
韩伟
孙小俊
龙银艳
胡正华
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Daye Nonferrous Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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Daye Nonferrous Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03DFLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00Flotation
    • B03D1/02Froth-flotation processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03DFLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00Flotation
    • B03D1/14Flotation machines
    • B03D1/24Pneumatic

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing equipment, in particular to a self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column which comprises a rack and a flotation column body, wherein the flotation column body consists of a column body and a cone; the top end of the column body is provided with a foam groove, a concentrate flushing water pipe and a fine-concentration flushing water pipe, and the bottom of the foam groove is provided with a concentrate outlet; a tailing outlet is arranged at the lower side of the column body; the bottom of the cone is provided with a mine discharge port; a plurality of feeding pipes which are horizontally arranged and tangent to the conical surface of the cone are arranged on the side wall of the cone along the circumference, each feeding pipe is provided with a Venturi tube structure, and an air inlet is arranged at the throat of the feeding pipe; a middling circulating pipe arranged along the central axis of the flotation column body is arranged in the flotation column body; a plurality of flow stabilizing plates which are vertically arranged are uniformly arranged at the lower side in the column body along the central axis of the flow stabilizing plates; the invention has simple structure and low cost, not only solves the problem that the flotation column is easy to sink, but also greatly improves the flotation efficiency and the recovery rate of minerals, and has higher market value.

Description

Self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing equipment, in particular to a self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column.
Background
Currently, a flotation column is widely applied to industrial mineral separation as an efficient flotation device. The flotation columns are divided into two main types of gas-liquid mixing and air jet according to the types of air inlet, wherein the gas-liquid mixing type flotation columns supply air for self-suction air, and the air jet type flotation columns supply compressed air for a fan.
The cyclone-static microbubble flotation column is an advanced gas-liquid mixed type flotation column developed domestically, and the main structure of the cyclone-static microbubble flotation column comprises a column separation section 16, a cyclone separation section 17 and a bubble generation and pipe flow mineralization section 18, which are shown in figure 1. The column separation section is positioned on the upper part of a column body of the flotation column, a foam tank, a concentrate flushing pipe and a fine-concentration flushing pipe are arranged at the top of the column separation section, a concentrate outlet is arranged at the bottom of the foam tank, and a feeding pipe is arranged on the middle upper part of the column separation section. The cyclone separation section is positioned at the lower part of the column body and adopts a column-cone connected aqueous medium cyclone structure. From the angle of cyclone separation, the column separation section is equivalent to an overflow pipe of an enlarged cyclone, a tailing outlet, a first middling outlet and a second middling outlet are arranged at the bottom of the column separation section, wherein the specific gravity of middling discharged from the second middling outlet is greater than that of middling discharged from the first middling outlet. Bubble generation and pipe flow mineralization section are used for middling circulation, including bubble generator and mineralize mineralization pipe arranged outside the column body of the flotation column alone, the one end of mineralize mineralization pipe passes through a pipeline and connects a middling export and No. two middling exports, and the outfall of mineralize mineralization pipe links to each other with cyclone separation section column body along tangential direction, is equivalent to and feeds along tangential direction to the swirler. The bubble generator is connected with the mineralization pipe through a pipeline and is used for introducing air into the mineralization pipe.
The working principle of the cyclone-static microbubble flotation column is as follows: and selecting a cyclone separation unit mainly adopting a double cyclone structure. A cyclonic separating unit consists of a large diameter cyclonic separator and several small diameter sorting cyclones around its periphery. The overflow of the separation cyclone enters a cyclone separator in a feeding mode, and the underflow is discharged to form final tailings; the cyclone separator is positioned in the center of the column separation unit and further separates the overflow of the column separation middling and separation cyclone into two parts, namely the overflow is used for column separation and further concentration, and the underflow is used for further separation of the tube flotation device in the form of circulating pulp.
However, the existing cyclone-static microbubble flotation column has the following problems:
(1) In the treatment of large specific gravity or coarse ore, a sink is likely to occur at the bottom of the flotation column.
(2) The flotation column has more auxiliary equipment and high cost, the equipment needs 2 sand pumps for matching use, one sand pump is used for supplying mine, and the other sand pump is used for middling circulation and bubble generator.
(3) The foam is not uniformly distributed horizontally, the ore pulp which moves circularly always moves from the center to the periphery due to the action of centrifugal force, the equipment feeds the periphery in the cyclone separation section, and the solid-liquid-gas is difficult to move from the periphery of the flotation column to the center, so that the foam is not uniformly distributed horizontally.
(4) The ore feeding pipe of the flotation column feeds from the upper part of the equipment, the bubble generator is positioned at the lower part of the equipment, ore pulp and bubbles flow upwards in a reverse mode, and the height of the equipment is increased in order to increase the collision times of the bubbles and ore particles, so that the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing difficulty of the equipment are increased, and the lift and the plant height of the sand pump are increased.
(5) The mineral separation application is limited, because the mineral separation principle of the flotation column is to combine the flotation and gravity separation methods by utilizing the relation between the density and the floatability of minerals to form a strengthened separation and recovery mechanism taking a multiple mineralization mode as a core, minerals with large specific gravity become tailings, and minerals with small specific gravity become concentrates, therefore, when the density of the tailings is greater than or close to the density of foam products, the tailings can be effectively separated from the foam products, such as coal dressing and the like; and when the density of the tailings is less than that of the foam product, the recovery effect is relatively poor.
(6) The middlings are not reasonable enough in output position, generally are intergrowths and coarse-grained monomers, can be adhered to the bubbles, but are not stable enough and are easy to fall off from the bubbles, so that the middlings generally exist at the junction of ore pulp and foam, namely the upper part of equipment, and for the existing flotation column, the middlings are output from the bottom of the column body and can be further optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional cyclone-static microbubble flotation column, and provides a self-suction cyclone-static microbubble flotation column with simple structure, low cost and good flotation effect.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows: a self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column comprises a rack and a flotation column body fixed on the rack, wherein the flotation column body consists of an upper side column body and a lower side cone; the top end of the column body is provided with a foam groove, a concentrate flushing water pipe and a fine-concentration flushing water pipe, and the bottom of the foam groove is provided with a concentrate outlet; a tailing outlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the column body; the bottom of the cone is provided with a mine discharge port; the method is characterized in that: a plurality of feeding pipes which are horizontally arranged and tangent to the conical surface of the cone are arranged on the side wall of the cone along the circumference, each feeding pipe is provided with a Venturi tube structure, and an air inlet is arranged at the throat of the feeding pipe; a middling circulating pipe arranged along the central axis of the flotation column body is arranged in the flotation column body; a plurality of flow stabilizing plates are uniformly arranged on the lower side in the column body along the central axis of the column body, and each flow stabilizing plate is vertically arranged.
In the invention, a tailing tank with an opening at the upper part is arranged on the inner side wall of a cylinder, and the side wall of the cylinder, which is opposite to the opening end of the tailing tank, is in an inclined plane structure; the bottom end of the tailing tank is provided with the tailing outlet; the open end of the tailing tank is higher than the upper end of the flow stabilizing plate.
The ratio of the height to the diameter of the column body is less than 2; the upper end of the middling circulating pipe is arranged in the column body, and the lower end of the middling circulating pipe is close to the ore discharge opening at the bottom of the cone.
Four ore feeding pipes are arranged on the same horizontal plane, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent ore feeding pipes; the flow stabilizing plate is provided with 5-8 blocks.
The pipeline butted with the tailing outlet is provided with a tailing regulating valve, and the pipeline butted with the ore discharge port is provided with an ore discharge gate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The feeding pipe integrates the structures and functions of an air suction device, a bubble generator and the feeding pipe in the existing rotational flow-static microbubble flotation column, reduces the configuration of related auxiliary equipment, reduces the equipment cost, improves the energy-saving effect, and enables ore pulp to do centrifugal motion in the flotation column body through the tangential high-speed feeding of the feeding pipe, thereby effectively preventing the problem that a sink tank is easy to generate in the flotation column body;
(2) According to the invention, the flow stabilizing plate is arranged in the column body, so that the high-speed circular motion of ore pulp in the column body is limited, and bubbles are prevented from being mixed and turned over at the upper part, so that the bubbles are uniformly distributed in the column body along the horizontal direction, a large number of micro-bubbles are formed, the probability of contact between ore particles and the micro-bubbles is increased, and the efficiency of separation of gangue minerals is improved;
(3) According to the invention, the tailing tank is arranged, and the structure of the side wall of the cylinder at the upper side of the tailing tank is improved, so that bubbles entering the tailing tank can float upwards into the cylinder along the side wall of the inclined plane again, and mineral grains adhered to the bubbles are prevented from being discharged as tailings, thereby improving the recovery rate of minerals;
(4) The middling circulating pipe is arranged in the flotation column body, and self-circulation of ore pulp is realized by utilizing the pressure difference of the upper ore pulp and the lower ore pulp in the flotation column body (the hydraulic pressure of the upper ore pulp is greater than that of the lower ore pulp), so that the energy consumption increased by additional auxiliary equipment is effectively avoided;
(5) The invention is easy to realize large-scale production operation, and because the ratio of the height to the diameter of the column body is less than 2 in structural configuration, the requirement of a matched workshop on the height is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the corresponding input cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art cyclone-static microbubble flotation column;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 2.
In the figure: 1-frame, 2-flotation column body, 2 a-cylinder, 2 b-cone, 3-foam tank, 4-concentrate flushing pipe, 5-concentration flushing pipe, 6-concentrate outlet, 7-tailing outlet, 8-feeding pipe, 9-air inlet, 10-middling circulating pipe, 11-flow stabilizing plate, 12-tailing box, 13-tailing regulating valve, 14-ore discharge opening, 15-ore discharge gate, 16-column separation section, 17-cyclone separation section, and 18-bubble generation and pipe flow mineralization section.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 2-3, a self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column comprises a frame 1 and a flotation column body 2 fixed on the frame 1, wherein the flotation column body 2 is composed of an upper side column body 2a and a lower side cone body 2b, and the ratio of the height to the diameter of the column body is less than 2; the top end of the cylinder 2a is provided with a foam groove 3, a concentrate flushing water pipe 4 and a concentration flushing water pipe 5, and the bottom of the foam groove 3 is provided with a concentrate outlet 6; a tailing outlet 7 is arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the column body 2 a; the bottom of the cone 2b is provided with a mine discharge port 14, and the mine discharge port 14 is used for facilitating workers to overhaul the internal structure of the flotation column body 2 and carrying out emergency mine discharge when relevant accidents occur; a plurality of feeding pipes 8 which are horizontally arranged and tangent to the conical surface of the cone 2b are arranged on the side wall of the cone 2b along the circumference, the feeding pipes 8 are provided with Venturi tube structures, and air inlets 9 are arranged at the throats of the feeding pipes; a middling circulating pipe 10 arranged along the central axis of the flotation column body 2 is arranged in the flotation column body; a plurality of flow stabilizing plates 11 are uniformly arranged along the central axis of the lower side in the column body 2a, and each flow stabilizing plate 11 is vertically arranged.
In the embodiment, the inside wall of the column body 2a is provided with the tailing tank 12 with an opening at the upper part, and the side wall of the column body 2a opposite to the opening end of the tailing tank 12 is in an inclined plane structure; the bottom end of the tailing tank 12 is provided with the tailing outlet 7; the open end of the tailing tank 12 is higher than the upper end of the flow stabilizing plate 11.
The upper end of the middling circulation pipe 10 is arranged in the column body 2a, and the lower end of the middling circulation pipe is close to the ore discharge port 14 at the bottom of the cone body 2 b.
Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, four ore feeding pipes 8 are provided, the four ore feeding pipes 8 are arranged on the same horizontal plane, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent ore feeding pipes 8; the flow stabilizing plate 11 is provided with 5-8 blocks (specifically 8 blocks).
In this embodiment, a tailing regulating valve 13 is installed on the pipeline butted with the tailing outlet 7, and an ore drawing gate 15 is installed on the pipeline butted with the ore discharge port 14.
During operation, four ore feeding pipes 8 are respectively connected with a main ore feeding pipe, a sand pump is arranged on the main ore feeding pipe, the ore feeding pipes 8 utilize the Venturi tube principle, namely, after low-speed ore pulp enters a small-diameter pipeline from a large-diameter pipeline, the flow speed is increased, according to the Bernoulli equation, when the flow speed of the ore pulp is increased, the pressure of the ore pulp is reduced, so that air can be sucked from the outside through an air inlet 9 arranged at a throat, and the sucked air generates micro bubbles and is mixed with the ore pulp under the action of high-speed jet shearing of the ore pulp, so that the contact chance of useful minerals and air is increased, and the flotation speed is increased.
The diameter D of the feeding end of the ore feeding pipe 8 is set 1 (m), pressure P 1 (Pa), velocity v 1 (m/s), throat diameter D 2 (m), pressure P 2 (kPa), velocity v 2 (m/s), pulp density ρ 1 (kg/m 3 ) (ii) a According to the bernoulli equation, each parameter satisfies the following two formulas:
P 11 v 2 1 /2=P 21 v 2 2 2 (equation 1);
D 2 1 v 1 =D 2 2 v 2 (formula 2);
when P is present 2 When less than 0, the ore pipe 8 is aspirated, generally D 2 =(1/4~1/2)D 1 Is suitable for the patients; v. of 2 Typically greater than 10m/s.
In order to make the air smoothly enter the ore feeding pipe 8, the sectional area of the ore pulp passing through the throat is enlarged to be 2-3 times of that of the throat, an air inlet pipe is externally connected to the air inlet 9, and the air inlet pipe adjusts the air inflow through a valve.
When the device works specifically, the pressure at the outlet of the ore feeding pipe 8 is 0.03-0.1MPa, ore pulp enters the cone 2b at the speed of 4-8m/s along the tangential direction, and a valve can be arranged on the ore feeding pipe 8 to prevent the backflow of the ore pulp when the device is stopped.
When the ore pulp enters the cone 2b at the speed of 4-8m/s, the ore pulp circularly moves along the cone wall, which is equivalent to the peripheral speed of an impeller of a mechanical stirring type flotation machine, so that the tank bottom is not easy to sink when large-specific-gravity or coarse-grained ore is processed.
Along with the continuous injection of the ore pulp in the flotation column body 2, the flow stabilizing plate 11 arranged in the column body 2a limits the high-speed circular motion of the ore pulp in the column body 2a, prevents the combination of bubbles and the 'turning over' of the upper part, so that the bubbles are uniformly distributed in the horizontal direction in the column body 2a, and form a large amount of micro-bubbles, thereby increasing the contact probability of ore particles and the micro-bubbles and improving the separation efficiency of gangue minerals.
Because the pulp in the cone 2b does centrifugal motion, the hydraulic pressure at the central axis position of the cone 2b is lower than the hydraulic pressure at the periphery thereof, so the pulp at the upper side of the cylinder 2a returns to the cone 2b along the middling circulating pipe 10 under the action of gravity and pressure difference, thereby realizing the self-circulation of middling.
The foam at the top end of the cylinder 2a overflows into the foam tank 3 and is flushed by the concentrate flush pipe 4 water, where collection of concentrate is achieved at the concentrate outlet 6.

Claims (5)

1. A self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column comprises a frame and a flotation column body fixed on the frame, wherein the flotation column body consists of an upper side column body and a lower side cone; the top end of the column body is provided with a foam groove, a concentrate flushing water pipe and a fine-concentration flushing water pipe, and the bottom of the foam groove is provided with a concentrate outlet; a tailing outlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the column body; the bottom of the cone is provided with a mine discharge port; the method is characterized in that: a plurality of feeding pipes which are horizontally arranged and tangent to the conical surface of the cone are arranged on the side wall of the cone along the circumference, each feeding pipe is provided with a Venturi tube structure, and an air inlet is arranged at the throat of the feeding pipe; a middling circulating pipe arranged along the central axis of the flotation column body is arranged in the flotation column body; a plurality of flow stabilizing plates are uniformly arranged on the lower side in the column body along the central axis of the column body, and each flow stabilizing plate is vertically arranged.
2. The self-suction cyclone-static microbubble flotation column as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a tailing tank with an opening at the upper part is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder, and the side wall of the cylinder opposite to the opening end of the tailing tank is of an inclined surface structure; the bottom end of the tailing tank is provided with the tailing outlet; the open end of the tailing tank is higher than the upper end of the flow stabilizing plate.
3. The self-suction cyclone-static microbubble flotation column as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the height to the diameter of the column is less than 2; the upper end of the middling circulating pipe is arranged in the column body, and the lower end of the middling circulating pipe is close to the ore discharge port at the bottom of the cone body.
4. A self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column as set forth in claim 1, wherein: four ore feeding pipes are arranged on the same horizontal plane, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent ore feeding pipes; the flow stabilizing plate is provided with 5-8 blocks.
5. A self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a tailing regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline butted with the tailing outlet, and an ore drawing gate is arranged on a pipeline butted with the ore discharge port.
CN201710614927.8A 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Self-suction type cyclone-static microbubble flotation column Active CN107225049B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108043593A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-18 中矿金业股份有限公司 A kind of anti-settling slot device of U-type groove flotation device
CN114642978B (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-01-10 浙江一龙环保科技有限公司 Suction type rotational flow microbubble generator

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CN1236674A (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-01 黑龙江矿业学院 Jet aspiration type of cyclone separator for floatation
CN2845915Y (en) * 2005-10-06 2006-12-13 黄罕 Improved spiral static micro bubble floatation column
CN200998694Y (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-01-02 湖南省煤炭科学研究所 Short column jet flow floatation machine
CN102641787A (en) * 2011-07-05 2012-08-22 李宾 Flotation column
CN102728481A (en) * 2012-07-24 2012-10-17 福建省龙岩龙能粉煤灰综合利用有限公司 Aerated coal ash flotation separation equipment
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