CN107224975B - Preparation method of carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction activation - Google Patents
Preparation method of carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction activation Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C07C1/0425—Catalysts; their physical properties
- C07C1/043—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition
- C07C1/0435—Catalysts; their physical properties characterised by the composition containing a metal of group 8 or a compound thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
- C07C2523/755—Nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36
- C07C2523/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36 with rare earths or actinides
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction and activation, which belongs to the technical field of catalysis and is characterized in that the preparation method of the carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction and activation is characterized in that Al is contained3+,Ni2+Adding the mixed nitrate solution and an alkaline precipitator into water in a concurrent flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8 of the solution; after the neutralization process is finished, the obtained product and aliphatic hydroxy acid are uniformly dispersed in a volatile organic solvent through aging, washing, filtering, drying and roasting in an inert atmosphere, then the organic solvent is removed through drying and roasting in an oxygen-free condition, and the rest solid is formed through sheet beating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction activation.
Background
Natural gas is a highly efficient clean energy source. At present, the proportion of natural gas in world primary energy is 24.3%. Because of the shortage of natural gas resources and development amount in China, the proportion of natural gas in primary energy is only about 4 percent, which is far lower than the average level in the world. In recent years, with the successive construction and use of national-level fuel gas transportation projects such as Shanxi gas import Jing and Xiqi Dongyi, the demand of natural gas is explosively increased, the gap between supply and demand of natural gas is larger and larger, and the coal resources in China are relatively abundant.
Methanation catalysts are generally based on Al2O3Supported by a methanation catalyst such as disclosed in patent US 3933833 and highly pure gamma-Al2O3Is used as a carrier and loaded with active components of nickel oxide and cobalt oxide. The patent CN 1043639A discloses a methanation catalyst with Al2O3Is used as carrier, Ni is used as active component, and rare earth metal or alkaline earth metal is used as cocatalyst. In the methanation catalyst disclosed in patent CN1043449A, nickel is used as an active component, rare earth metal and magnesium are used as promoters, and the balance is alumina. The methanation catalysts take alumina as a carrier and an active component is nickel. The nickel being present in the general form Ni2+And the nickel with methanation performance is metallic simple substance nickel. Therefore, the catalyst is subjected to a reduction treatment before the start of the methanation reaction.
Chinese patent CN 1054269 discloses a preparation method of a methanation catalyst for preparing synthesis gas from coal, and the active components of the catalyst are nickel and Al2O3As carrier, 10% H is needed before using the catalyst2/N2And (4) carrying out reduction for 2-6 h by raising the temperature to 250-350 ℃ by a medium temperature program.
The reduction activation process of the nickel-based catalyst before use requires the consumption of H2And often takes a long time, which brings extra energy consumption and inconvenience to the catalyst using process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction activation. The methanation catalyst prepared by the method has good catalytic activity and stability.
The method is mainly characterized in that after the aliphatic hydroxy acid is introduced in the preparation process of the catalyst and is combusted in an inert atmosphere, gas generated by decomposing the aliphatic hydroxy acid has a pore-forming effect, and CO obtained by decomposition can reduce NiO into metal Ni.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: will contain Al3+,Ni2+Adding the mixed nitrate solution and an alkaline precipitator into water in a concurrent flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8 of the solution; after the neutralization process is finished, the obtained product and aliphatic hydroxy acid are uniformly dispersed in a volatile organic solvent through aging, washing, filtering, drying and roasting in an inert atmosphere, then the organic solvent is removed through drying and roasting in an oxygen-free condition, and the rest solid is formed through sheet beating.
Generally, the total amount of Al and Ni in the nitrate solution is 1, wherein the content of Al element is 30-80%, and the content of Ni element is 20-50%.
The mixed nitrate solution also contains Mg2+、La3+、Zr4+、Ce3+And Ga3+The ratio of the total amount of the Al element to the total amount of the Al element is 0.01 to 0.2.
The alkaline precipitant used in the invention is Na2CO3、NaHCO3、K2CO3Or KHCO3An aqueous solution.
The hydroxyl polycarboxylic acid is citric acid or tartaric acid.
The ratio of the using amount of the hydroxyl polycarboxylic acid to the amount of the Al element substance in the product is 0.01-0.2.
The volatile organic solvent is ethanol, acetone or diethyl ether.
The roasting temperature in the inert atmosphere is 350-700 ℃.
The roasting temperature of the organic solvent removing method under the anaerobic condition is 200-400 ℃.
The methanation catalyst prepared by the method has good catalytic activity and stability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples:
example 1
302.0g Al (NO) was weighed3)3·9H2O、87.8g Ni(NO3)2·3H2Dissolving O in water solution to obtain solution with total salt concentration of 1mol/L, mixing with nitrate solution and 1mol/L Na2CO3Preheating the solutions to 60 ℃, and then adding the solutions into 60 ℃ deionized water in a parallel flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8; aging for 30min, washing the precipitate with deionized water, filtering to obtain filter cake, drying, and roasting at 350 deg.C; weighing 15.0 parts of citric acid, uniformly dispersing the citric acid and the filter cake in 3L of ethanol, stirring at normal temperature for 30min, heating to 60 ℃, distilling and recovering the ethanol, drying the obtained solid, roasting at 200 ℃ for 2h under an anaerobic condition, cooling to room temperature, and tabletting and forming the obtained solid to obtain the catalyst I.
Example 2
150.0g Al (NO) was weighed3)3·9H2O、43.9g Ni(NO3)2·3H2O、5.0g Mg(NO3)2·6H2Dissolving O in water solution to prepare solution with total salt concentration of 1mol/L, mixing nitrate solution and 1mol/L NaHCO3Preheating the solutions to 60 ℃, and then adding the solutions into 60 ℃ deionized water in a parallel flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8; aging for 30min, washing the precipitate with deionized water, filtering to obtain filter cake, drying, and roasting at 700 deg.C; weighing 15.0 of tartaric acid, uniformly dispersing the tartaric acid and the filter cake in 3L of acetone, stirring at normal temperature for 30min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, distilling and recovering the acetone, drying the obtained solid, roasting at 400 ℃ for 2h under an anaerobic condition, then cooling to room temperature, and tabletting and forming the obtained solid to obtain the catalyst II.
Example 3
302.0g Al (NO) was weighed3)3·9H2O、87.8g Ni(NO3)2·3H2O、5.0g Ce(NO3)3·6H2Dissolving O in water solution to obtain solution with total salt concentration of 1mol/L, mixing nitrate solution and 1mol/L K2CO3After the solutions were all preheated to 60 ℃ and added concurrentlyPutting the mixture into deionized water at 60 ℃ and maintaining the pH = 7-8; aging for 30min, washing the precipitate with deionized water, filtering to obtain filter cake, drying, and roasting at 700 deg.C; weighing 15.0 of citric acid, uniformly dispersing the citric acid and the filter cake in 3L of diethyl ether, stirring at normal temperature for 30min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, distilling and recovering the diethyl ether, drying the obtained solid, roasting at 300 ℃ for 2h under an anaerobic condition, then reducing the temperature to 40 ℃, switching nitrogen into oxygen nitrogen with the oxygen volume percentage of 2.5%, maintaining for 30min, then reducing the temperature to room temperature, and tabletting and forming the obtained solid to obtain the catalyst III.
Example 4
302.0g Al (NO) was weighed3)3·9H2O、87.8g Ni(NO3)2·3H2O、5.0g La(NO3)3·6H2Dissolving O in water solution to obtain solution with total salt concentration of 1mol/L, mixing nitrate solution and 1mol/L KHO3Preheating the solutions to 60 ℃, and then adding the solutions into 60 ℃ deionized water in a parallel flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8; aging for 30min, washing the precipitate with deionized water, filtering to obtain filter cake, drying, and roasting at 700 deg.C; weighing 15.0 parts of citric acid, uniformly dispersing the citric acid and the filter cake in 3L of ethanol, stirring at normal temperature for 30min, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, distilling and recovering the ethanol, drying the obtained solid, roasting at 350 ℃ for 2h under an anaerobic condition, cooling to room temperature, and tabletting and forming the obtained solid to obtain the catalyst IV.
Example 5
302.0g Al (NO) was weighed3)3·9H2O、87.8g Ni(NO3)2·3H2O、5.0g Zr(NO3)3·5H2Dissolving O in water solution to obtain solution with total salt concentration of 1mol/L, mixing with nitrate solution and 1mol/L Na2CO3Preheating the solutions to 60 ℃, and then adding the solutions into 60 ℃ deionized water in a parallel flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8; aging for 30min, washing the precipitate with deionized water, filtering to obtain filter cake, drying, and roasting at 700 deg.C; weighing 15.0 citric acid, uniformly dispersing in 3L ethanol together with the filter cake, stirring at room temperature for 30min, heating to 60 deg.C, distilling and recovering ethanol to obtain solid, drying, and optionally adding citric acidRoasting at 350 ℃ for 2h under an oxygen condition, then cooling to 40 ℃, switching nitrogen into oxygen-nitrogen with the oxygen volume percentage content of 1%, maintaining for 30min, then cooling to room temperature, and tabletting and molding the obtained solid to obtain the catalyst V.
The methanation catalysts I, II, III, IV and V are respectively filled in a fixed bed tubular reactor, and the reaction conditions are as follows: pressure 3.0MPa, gas composition H239.12, CO 7.18,CO21.30,N2The air speed is 5000-30000 h-1After the reaction is carried out for 500 hours at the temperature of 600 ℃, the activity of the catalyst is kept good, wherein the conversion rate of CO is close to 100 percent, the selectivity of methane is close to 100 percent, the mechanical strength of the disassembled catalyst is still high, and the surface of the catalyst is not deposited with carbon.
Catalyst and process for preparing same | Airspeed | Total CO conversion (%) | Methane selectivity (%) |
Ⅰ | 10000 | 99.3 | 99.5 |
Ⅱ | 10000 | 99.5 | 99.0 |
Ⅲ | 10000 | 99.8 | 98.9 |
Ⅳ | 10000 | 99.1 | 99.1 |
Ⅴ | 10000 | 99.7 | 99.3 |
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a carbon monoxide methanation catalyst without reduction activation is characterized in that Al is contained3+,Ni2+Adding the mixed nitrate solution and an alkaline precipitator into water in a concurrent flow manner, and maintaining the pH = 7-8 of the solution; after the neutralization process is finished, aging, washing, filtering, drying, roasting in an inert atmosphere, uniformly dispersing the obtained product and aliphatic hydroxy acid in a volatile organic solvent, drying, roasting under an oxygen-free condition to remove the organic solvent, and tabletting and forming the residual solid;
the total amount of Al and Ni in the nitrate solution is 1, wherein the content of Al element is 30-80%, and the content of Ni element is 20-50%;
the roasting temperature under the anaerobic condition for removing the organic solvent is 200-400 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixed nitrate solution further comprises Mg2+、La3+、Zr4+、Ce3+And Ga3+The ratio of the total amount of the Al element to the total amount of the Al element is 0.01 to 0.2.
3. Preparation of the catalyst according to claim 1The method is characterized in that the alkaline precipitant is Na2CO3、NaHCO3、K2CO3Or KHCO3An aqueous solution.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the aliphatic hydroxy acid is a hydroxy polycarboxylic acid.
5. The method for preparing the catalyst according to claim 4, wherein the hydroxy polycarboxylic acid is citric acid or tartaric acid.
6. The method for preparing a catalyst according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the ratio of the amount of the hydroxy polycarboxylic acid to the amount of the Al element in the product is 0.01 to 0.2.
7. The method for preparing the catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the volatile organic solvent is ethanol, acetone or diethyl ether.
8. The method for preparing the catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the calcination temperature is 350 ℃ to 700 ℃ in an inert atmosphere.
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103480375A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-01 | 福州大学 | Carbon monoxide methanating catalyst and preparation method thereof |
CN104275185A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-based hydrogenation catalyst without reduction activation |
CN105797785A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-07-27 | 西安向阳航天材料股份有限公司 | Pre-reduction type high-temperature methanation catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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CN104275185A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-based hydrogenation catalyst without reduction activation |
CN103480375A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-01 | 福州大学 | Carbon monoxide methanating catalyst and preparation method thereof |
CN105797785A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-07-27 | 西安向阳航天材料股份有限公司 | Pre-reduction type high-temperature methanation catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: Liuhe District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210048 geguan Road No. 699 Patentee after: China Petroleum & Chemical Corp. Patentee after: SINOPEC NANJING CHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: Liuhe District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210048 geguan Road No. 699 Patentee before: China Petroleum & Chemical Corp. Patentee before: Nanhua Group Research Institute |
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