CN107222880A - Method and system are found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source - Google Patents
Method and system are found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses method and system are found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, traced to the source comprising data, transmit Topology Discovery and abnormal nodes discovery three phases.The data are traced to the source the stage：In transmission of data packets, the mark for realizing information of tracing to the source is multiplexed with being superimposed for data of tracing to the source by the orthogonal mark of routing node, base station is received after packet, by standardizing, inner product is calculated, each routing node and its forwarding order of packet forwarding, and the transmission path of restoring data bag according to this are participated in from extracting data of tracing to the source；The transmission Topology Discovery stage：Data transfer path obtained by being traced to the source using data, to be fitted the liveness weights that WSN transmission topological sum adds up node；The abnormal nodes discovery phase：Connective according to transmission topology finds discrete nodes, and WSN idle node and overload node are found according to the liveness of the topological interior joint of transmission, failure node is found by the liveness situation of change of monitoring node.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of based on the orthogonal wireless biography traced to the source the present invention relates to technical field of wireless sensor network application
Sensor Network Abnormal node discovery method and system.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN) is by being deployed in monitored area, having
The ad hoc communication system that data acquisition, communication, the sensor node of storage and disposal ability are constituted, wherein, each sensing
Device is a node of network, and base station is transferred in multi-hop mode for environment sensing, and by the data of perception.In wireless sensing
In device network, due to factors, each sensor section such as operating position, performance configuration, layout designs and other artificial or natures
The working condition of point differs greatly, thus generally there are many abnormal nodes, these abnormal nodes master in wireless sensor network
Including：(1) discrete nodes, i.e.,：The non-interconnected node that no data is transmitted between other nodes；(2) leave unused node, i.e.,：It is low
Load or empty load node；(3) node is overloaded, i.e.,：The busy node of overload；(4) failure node, i.e.,：Because of depleted of energy
Or midway failure and other reasons cause that the node of communication task can not be undertaken.Because a large amount of cheap sensor node deployments are can not
In the environment of control, the probability of occurrence of above-mentioned node is very high in wireless sensor network, and the presence of these nodes is greatly reduced
The service quality of wireless sensor network, as influence WSN is connective, the main cause of stability and availability, therefore, and
When effectively find and dispose these abnormality sensor nodes, the overall operation performance to WSN is most important.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention from data trace to the source angle propose a kind of identification WSN in above-mentioned four classes abnormal nodes
New method.The data of wireless sensor network, which are traced to the source, to be referred to review the data that base station is received, and restores the data in biography
Transmission path during defeated.By the collection and fitting to mass data transmission path, can obtain in unit period by
WSN nodes and the transmission topology of communication link formation, and each sensor node active (busy) situation.Opened up according to transmission
Flutter, can intuitively distinguish WSN discrete nodes；Pass through the quantitative analysis to node activity, it is possible to find WSN idle node and
Overload node；Because WSN transmission topology has the dynamic with time-evolution, thus the transmission topology obtained from different periods
In, the liveness of each node can be tracked, failure node is found.
It was found from above-mentioned analysis, it is the committed step for finding above-mentioned four classes abnormal nodes that data, which are traced to the source,.
To realize that WSN data are traced to the source, the relevant information of WSN data transmission procedures need to be marked, so as in base station
Go out the transmission path of data according to these information revertings, the data that these information are referred to as WSN are traced to the source information.At present, WSN data
There is the problem of tracing to the source information content no maximum in tracing technology, i.e.,：Information content of tracing to the source is proportional to the quantity of forward node.Due to sensing
The computing capability and storage capacity of device node are limited, and the information content that how to control to trace to the source is become as the pass of WSN data tracing technologies
Key problem.To solve this problem, inventor is in the wireless sensor network data source tracing method China based on pseudo-random sequence
Patent of invention, application number：201510646810.9 middle propose that a kind of wireless sensor network data based on pseudo-random sequence traces back
Source method, the method is the unique and orthogonal each other mark sequence of each node distribution one, real using the orthogonal property of vector
The superposition multiplexing of existing routing node mark sequence, i.e.,：Each routing node is before forwarding data, by oneself mark sequence and number
It is overlapped according to the data of tracing to the source in bag, and base station is divided then using the orthogonality for identifying sequence from the supercomposed coding of packet
Separate out the identification information for each routing node for participating in packet forwarding.The method can effectively solve the problems, such as information no maximum of tracing to the source,
But transfer sequence information is free of in the data of tracing to the source of this method, thus is only capable of from data of tracing to the source learning which node take part in and turns
Hair, it is impossible to the actual transfer sequence of these nodes is learnt, therefore, the wireless sensor network data based on pseudo-random sequence is traced to the source
Method Chinese invention patents, application number：201510646810.9 using ICMP agreements come reconstruction transmission path, but ICMP agreements
What is provided is a kind of approximate result of tracing to the source, and there is the mistake of certain probability between its transmission path reconstructed and actual transmission paths
Difference.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes discovery method and system traced to the source.It is of the present invention wireless
Sensor network abnormal nodes, refer to discrete nodes, idle node, overload node and the failure node in WSN；The discrete section
Point refers to the non-interconnected node transmitted with no data between other nodes；The idle node refers to low-load or idling in WSN
Carry node；The overload node refers to the busy node of overload in WSN；The failure node refers to because of depleted of energy or midway
Failure and other reasons cause that the node of communication task can not be undertaken.It is described it is orthogonal trace to the source, refer to base station using the WSN based on orthogonal mark
Data source tracing method is reviewed received data bag, restores the actual transmission paths of the packet.
For the transmission path that offers precise data, the present invention is to the wireless sensor network data based on pseudo-random sequence
Source tracing method Chinese invention patents, application number：201510646810.9 the data source tracing method proposed is improved and extended：
Node transfer sequence information is added in information of tracing to the source, the information that makes to trace to the source includes the transfer sequence information of routing node；In base
Stand end, do not use ICMP agreements, but continue with the orthogonal property of node identification sequence, by calculate trace to the source data with it is each
The normalization inner product of node identification sequence, to separate the identification information of each routing node and forwarding in current data packet transmitting procedure
Sequentially, so as to restore the precise delivery path of packet.
It is of the present invention to find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, traced to the source comprising data, transmit Topology Discovery
Three committed steps are found with abnormal nodes：First, traced to the source by data and obtain the actual transmission paths of data；Then, utilize
Orthogonal resulting data transfer path of tracing to the source, to be fitted WSN transmission topology；Finally, sent out according to the connective of transmission topology
Existing discrete nodes, WSN idle node and overload node is found according to the activity of the topological interior joint of transmission, is saved by monitoring
The liveness situation of change of point finds failure node.Transmission topology of the present invention, refers to respectively pass in the region within the jurisdiction of base station
The logical topology of sensor node and its reflection data practical communication process of communication link formation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
Method is found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, including：Data trace to the source, transmit Topology Discovery and abnormal section
Point discovery three phases；
The data are traced to the source the stage：The packet that base station is received is reviewed, the actual transmissions of the packet are restored
Path, this stage includes three partial contents：(1.1)：Orthogonal configuration of tracing to the source：To all the sensors node in wireless sensor network
The orthogonal mark of distribution, and determination are traced to the source the bearer protocol of information；(1.2)：Trace to the source information flag：Each sensor node is to data
Data field contents of tracing to the source in bag are overlapped multiplexing；(1.3) transmission path is reconstructed：Base station is by by the number of tracing to the source of packet
Normalization inner product is carried out respectively according to field contents and the orthogonal mark of each sensor node in region within the jurisdiction to calculate, and is participated in
The sensor node mark and its transfer sequence of current data packet transmission, restore the actual transmission paths of packet accordingly；
The transmission Topology Discovery stage：The packet of reception is traced to the source according to (1.3) methods described, data are obtained
The actual transmission paths of bag, the transmission topology of wireless sensor network, and accumulative biography are fitted according to resulting transmission path
The frequency that defeated path interior joint occurs, the frequency is the activity measurement of the topological interior joint of WSN transmission；
The abnormal nodes discovery phase：Found according to the connective of transmission topology obtained by the transmission Topology Discovery stage
Discrete nodes, find idle node and overload node according to the liveness of node, pass through the liveness situation of change of monitoring node
It was found that failure node.
(1.1)：Orthogonal configuration of tracing to the source, including following two sub-steps：
Step (1.1.1)：The orthogonal mark of distribution；
Each sensor node Node in wireless sensor networkrIt is assigned with a unique and and other sensors
Node orthogonal mark V orthogonal each otherr=(vr,1,vr,2,…,vr,n), vr,k=1 or -1, k=1,2 ..., n, n represents orthogonal mark
The dimension of knowledge；R=1,2 ..., R, R represents the number of sensor node；NoderRepresent r-th of sensor node；VrRepresent r
The orthogonal mark of individual sensor node；vr,nRepresent n-th of the orthogonal mark of r-th of sensor node；
Step (1.1.2)：Determine bearer protocol；
The bearer protocol for information of tracing to the source is chosen, according to the syntax rule of bearer protocol, in the stem or packet of packet
Interval equipotential installs data field of tracing to the source, for carrying information of tracing to the source.
The step (1.1.1)：
It is described orthogonal each other to refer to any two sensor node NodepAnd NodeqOrthogonal mark Vp=(vp,1,
vp,2,…,vp,n) and Vq=(vq,1,vq,2,…,vq,n) mutually orthogonal, i.e.,：
The generation of the orthogonal mark of sensor node, can use existing orthogonal vectors generation method.
Each base station records the orthogonal mark of each sensor node in its region within the jurisdiction in wireless sensor network.
, can be according to nothing to reduce the length of orthogonal mark because usual wireless sensor network contains a large amount of sensor nodes
The orthogonal mark that the scale of line sensor network sets each sensor node only in the region within the jurisdiction of same base station has only
One property, or subregion is carried out to wireless sensor network, being set in the orthogonal mark of each sensor node in a region has only
One property.
In the step (1.1.2)：
The bearer protocol refers to act between sensor node and base station, and the WSN data that can carry information of tracing to the source are led to
Believe agreement.
(1.2)：Mark information of tracing to the source；
The sensor node of packet is sent, before transmitting data, by the current number of tracing to the source of orthogonal mark write-in of oneself
According to field；Packet is in transmitting procedure, often by a routing node, forwarding data before, the routing node perform with
Lower step：
The current hop count k of (1.2.1) read data packet and data field value W that traces to the source of packetk=(wk,1,wk,2,…,
wk,n)；
(1.2.2) will trace to the source data field value WkMark V=(v orthogonal with oneself1,v2,…,vn) folded by formula 1
Plus computing；
Wk+1=Wk+ kV (formula 1)
Wherein：Wk+1=(wk+1,1,wk+1,2,…,wk+1,n)；wk+1,i=wk,i+k·vi, i=1,2 ..., n
Supercomposed coding W after (1.2.3) computingk+1Write the data field of tracing to the source of packet；
(1.3)：Transmission path is reconstructed：
If W=(w1,w2,…,wn) data field contents of tracing to the source that are read by base station, Vt=(vt,1,vt,2,…,vt,n)
For arbitrary node Node in the region within the jurisdiction of base stationtOrthogonal mark, then it is described normalization inner product calculation formula such as formula 2；
Wherein, if inner product value τ ≠ 0, τ is node NodetForwarding order in current data packet transmission；If τ=
0, then node NodetHave neither part nor lot in the forwarding of current data packet.
The transmission Topology Discovery stage, it is divided into following steps：
Step (2.1)：Transmission topology to base station is initialized；
If TP (B) is the transmission topology of current base station B regions within the jurisdiction, note TP (B)=(NB,EB),
Wherein, NB={ n1,n2,…,nmBe base station B regions within the jurisdiction sensor node set, m is number of nodes；
EB=<ni,nj>|ni,nj∈NBBe communication link set,<ni,nj>For chain roadside, represent from node niTo nj
It is a data transmission link,
To any nj∈NB, note x (nj) it is node njLiveness weights；
By base station B transmission topology TP (B) link set EBIt is initialized as empty set, the liveness of each node in region within the jurisdiction
Weight initialization is zero, i.e.,：To any nj∈NB, x (nj)←0；Wherein, " ← " represents assignment；For example：x(nj)←0
Represent x (nj) it is entered as zero.
Step (2.2)：Base station often receives a packet, is performed both by following sub-step：
Step (2.2.1)：The packet of reception is traced to the source；
If d is the current data packet that base station is received, is traced to the source by data, obtain the packet and passed through in transmitting procedure
Actual transmission paths P (d)=<nd,1,nd,2,…,nd,t>, wherein, nd,k∈NB, k=1,2 ..., t, t is path length,
nd,1For d source sending node, nd,kRepresent k-th of node in packet d transmission path.
Step (2.2.2)：According to tracing to the source, result is fitted to transmission topology；
All chain roadsides in transmission path P (d) are added into link set EB, and add up the liveness weights of each node.
I.e.：
EB←(EB∪{<nd,1,nd,2>,<nd,2,nd,3>,…,<nd,t-1,nd,t>})；
Also, the liveness weights of node：x(nd,k)←(x(nd,k)+1), k=1,2 ..., t；
Wherein, x (nd,k) represent node nd,kLiveness weights；
Step (2.3)：Output transmission topology；
Topology Discovery time point is set, repeats step (2.2) until Topology Discovery time point, exports obtained transmission
Topology (NB,EB), also,
To any nk∈NB, output node nkLiveness weights x (nk)；
The abnormal nodes discovery phase；
The low threshold limit value α of sensor node liveness, high threshold limit value β are set, monitoring cycle T, discrete nodes prison are set
Frequency-measurement accuracy ω 1, idle node monitoring frequency ω 2, overload node monitoring frequency ω 3, failure node monitoring frequency ω 4；
Base station is monitored to all the sensors node of region within the jurisdiction, and in each monitoring cycle, base station is to being received
Each packet according to transmission Topology Discovery stage methods described obtain the currently monitored cycle transmission topology, then：
In continuous ω 1 monitoring cycle nearest apart from current time, if there is node nk∈NB, nkIt is any with other
There is no chain roadside between node, then node nkFor discrete nodes；
In continuous ω 2 monitoring cycles nearest apart from current time, if there is node nk∈NB, its liveness weights x
(nk) be respectively less than α, then node nkFor the node that leaves unused；
In continuous ω 3 monitoring cycles nearest apart from current time, if there is node nk∈NB, its liveness weights x
(nk) be all higher than β node, then node nkFor overload node；
In continuous ω 4 monitoring cycles nearest apart from current time, if existence time point T ', certain node before T '
nk∈NBLiveness weights x (nk) be not zero, and in T ' x (n afterwardsk) do not change, then node nkFor failure node.
System is found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, including：Data trace to the source, transmit Topology Discovery and abnormal section
Three modules of point discovery；
The data are traced to the source module：Data packet transmission path is traced to the source for realizing, the actual transmissions of restoring data bag
Path；
The transmission Topology Discovery module：This module is run in a base station, and its effect is：Traced to the source module according to the data
Transmission of the obtained data packet transmission path to be fitted wireless sensor network is topological, and adds up the work of each node in transmission path
Jerk weights, in the time point output transmission topology of setting.
Abnormal nodes discovery module：This module is run in a base station, and its effect is：Topology monitoring cycle and monitoring frequency are set
Degree, the transmission topology to continuous time obtained by the transmission Topology Discovery module is monitored, according to the connection of transmission topology
Property find discrete nodes, WSN idle node and overload node are found according to the liveness weights of the topological interior joint of transmission, is led to
The liveness situation of change of monitoring node is crossed to find failure node.
Data module of tracing to the source is made up of three parts：
Orthogonal mark allocation unit：This element is run in base station or other WSN management and control websites, and its effect is：Generation is just
Identification sets are handed over, give each sensor node of system distribution in WSN orthogonal mark；
Trace to the source information flag unit：This element is run in each sensor node, and its effect is：When need send packet
When (present node be source sending node), the orthogonal mark of present node is write to the data field of tracing to the source of packet；Work as needs
When forwarding packet (present node is routing node), trace to the source data field and the hop count field of the packet are read, will be read
The field contents taken and the orthogonal mark of present node are overlapped computing, and operation result is write to the data of tracing to the source of packet
In field.
Transmission path reconfiguration unit：This element is run in a base station, and its effect is：When receiving packet, the number is read
According to the data field contents of tracing to the source of bag, pass through orthogonal mark of the data with each sensor node in the region within the jurisdiction of base station that will trace to the source
Normalization inner product is carried out respectively to calculate, and obtains each routing node mark and its forwarding order for participating in current data packet forwarding, and
The transmission path of restoring data bag according to this.
The novelty of the present invention
1 present invention provides a kind of new method for result discovery WSN abnormal nodes of being traced to the source according to data, is traced to the source by data
The actual transmission paths of packet are obtained, WSN transmission topology are fitted using transmission path, according to the connectedness of transmission topology
Liveness with each node is come the node that notes abnormalities.
The routing order information of packet in wireless sensor network is incorporated tracing to the source based on orthogonal superposition by 2 present invention
In information, make WSN information of tracing to the source while having orthogonal multiplex and can include two kinds of key features of routing order, wherein, can be just
Multiplexing characteristics are handed over to solve information content scale issue of tracing to the source, including routing order then realizes accurately tracing back for data transfer path
Source, i.e.,：The accurate of WSN data transfer paths is realized with limited expense to trace to the source.
3 present invention provide a kind of synthesis solution party for finding discrete nodes, idle node, overload node and failure node
Case.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1 present invention provides the easy and effective of a kind of discovery WSN discrete nodes, idle node, overload node and failure node
New method, for wireless sensor network stability monitoring with Analysis on Quality of Service provide important evidence.
2 with limited expense realize that wireless sensor network data transmission path is accurately traced to the source the invention provides a kind of
New method, solve data volume of being traced to the source present in existing wireless sensor network data tracing technology it is uncontrollable with transmission road
The problem of footpath is unable to precise restoration.
3 the method for the invention are ingenious in design, and method is simple, and small to sensor node resource occupation, with good
Realizability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention traces to the source data markers flow chart；
Fig. 2 is transmission path reconstruct flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is present invention transmission topology fitting flow chart；
Fig. 4 is that abnormal nodes of the present invention find schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 (a) -5 (d) is transmission Topology Discovery of the present invention and its develops schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, routing node is before forwarding packet, the data field value of tracing to the source of read data packet traces back this
Source data word segment value mark orthogonal with oneself and transfer sequence are overlapped computing, packet during gained supercomposed coding is write
Data field of tracing to the source in.
When as shown in Fig. 2 packet carrying is traced to the source, data reach base station, the data word of tracing to the source of the packet is read in base station
Section, by inner product operation of standardizing, extracts all node identifications for participating in packet transmission and its route order information, and with
This restores the transmission path of packet.
As shown in figure 3, base station is received after packet d, packet d is traced to the source first, d actual transmission paths are obtained
<nd,1,nd,2,…,nd,t>, path Zhong Gelian roadsides are then added into link set EBIn, and to transmission path interior joint
The frequency of appearance is added up, and the accumulative frequency is the activity measurement of the topological interior joint of WSN transmission.
As shown in figure 4, the data stage of tracing to the source obtains the actual transmission paths of packet, the Topology Discovery stage is passed using data
Transmission of the defeated path to be fitted WSN is topological, and abnormal nodes discovery phase is enlivened according to the connective and each node of transmission topology
Spend to find four class abnormal nodes.
Table 1 and the example that Fig. 5 (a) -5 (d) is the method for the invention：If certain base station region within the jurisdiction sensor node set
For { n1,n2,n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8, set Topology Discovery time point be：T1, T2, T3 and T4, base station is in each time point data
Statistical result of tracing to the source is as shown in table 1, wherein, there is time point T ' in T3 to T4 periods, from T ' to T4 in the period, measure node
n3Liveness weights do not change.
Traced to the source statistical result sample table in different time point data certain base station of table 1
Based on foregoing description, at each time point, base station is to the result of tracing to the source of resulting packet according to shown in Fig. 3
Fit procedure, generation transmission topology, Fig. 5 (a) is the transmission topological diagram at T1 moment；Fig. 5 (b) is the transmission topological diagram at T2 moment；
Fig. 5 (c) is the transmission topological diagram at T3 moment；For the transmission topological diagram at T4 moment, (dotted line link side is represented from T ' to T4 Fig. 5 (d)
In period, node n3With other nodes without chain roadside).Numeral beside Fig. 5 (a) -5 (d) interior joints represents enlivening for node
Spend weights.It can be seen that from Fig. 5 (a) -5 (d)：Node n8There is no chain roadside, therefore node n between other nodes8To be discrete
Node is also idle node, node n simultaneously3To overload node, in T3 to T4 periods, node n3It is changed into failure node.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (10)
1. method is found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that, including：Data trace to the source, transmit Topology Discovery and
Abnormal nodes find three phases；
The data are traced to the source the stage：The packet that base station is received is reviewed, the actual transmission paths of the packet are restored,
This stage includes three partial contents：(1.1)：Orthogonal configuration of tracing to the source：To all the sensors node distribution in wireless sensor network
Orthogonal mark, and determine the bearer protocol of information of tracing to the source；(1.2)：Trace to the source information flag：Each sensor node is in packet
Data field contents of tracing to the source be overlapped multiplexing；(1.3) transmission path is reconstructed：Base station is by by the data word of tracing to the source of packet
Section content carries out normalization inner product with the orthogonal mark of each sensor node in region within the jurisdiction and calculated respectively, obtains participating in current
The sensor node mark and its transfer sequence of packet transmission, restore the actual transmission paths of packet accordingly；
The transmission Topology Discovery stage：The packet of reception is traced to the source according to (1.3) methods described, packet is obtained
Actual transmission paths, the transmission topology of wireless sensor network, and accumulative transmission road are fitted according to resulting transmission path
The frequency that footpath interior joint occurs, the frequency is the activity measurement of the topological interior joint of WSN transmission；
The abnormal nodes discovery phase：Found according to the connectedness of the transmission topology obtained by the transmission Topology Discovery stage discrete
Node, idle node and overload node are found according to the liveness of node, are found by the liveness situation of change of monitoring node
Failure node.
2. as claimed in claim 1 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
(1.1)：Orthogonal configuration of tracing to the source, including following two sub-steps：
Step (1.1.1)：The orthogonal mark of distribution；
Each sensor node Node in wireless sensor networkrBe assigned with one it is unique and with other sensors node
Orthogonal mark V orthogonal each otherr=(vr,1,vr,2,…,vr,n), vr,k=1 or -1, k=1,2 ..., n, n represents orthogonal mark
Dimension；R=1,2 ..., R, R represents the number of sensor node；NoderRepresent r-th of sensor node；VrRepresent r-th of biography
The orthogonal mark of sensor node；vr,nRepresent n-th of the orthogonal mark of r-th of sensor node；
Step (1.1.2)：Determine bearer protocol；
The bearer protocol for information of tracing to the source is chosen, according to the syntax rule of bearer protocol, in the stem or packet interval of packet
Equipotential installs data field of tracing to the source, for carrying information of tracing to the source.
3. as claimed in claim 2 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
The step (1.1.1)：
It is described orthogonal each other to refer to any two sensor node NodepAnd NodeqOrthogonal mark Vp=(vp,1,vp,2,…,
vp,n) and Vq=(vq,1,vq,2,…,vq,n) mutually orthogonal, i.e.,：
The generation of the orthogonal mark of sensor node, can use existing orthogonal vectors generation method；
Each base station records the orthogonal mark of each sensor node in its region within the jurisdiction in wireless sensor network；
, can be according to wireless biography to reduce the length of orthogonal mark because usual wireless sensor network contains a large amount of sensor nodes
The scale of sensor network, which sets the orthogonal mark of each sensor node only in the region within the jurisdiction of same base station, has uniqueness,
Or subregion is carried out to wireless sensor network, being set in the orthogonal mark of each sensor node in a region has uniqueness；
In the step (1.1.2)：
The bearer protocol refers to act between sensor node and base station, can carry the WSN data communication association for information of tracing to the source
View.
4. as claimed in claim 1 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
(1.2)：Mark information of tracing to the source；
The sensor node of packet is sent, before transmitting data, by the current data word of tracing to the source of orthogonal mark write-in of oneself
Section；Packet is in transmitting procedure, often by a routing node, before forwarding data, and the routing node performs following walk
Suddenly：
The current hop count k of (1.2.1) read data packet and data field value W that traces to the source of packetk=(wk,1,wk,2,…,wk,n)；
(1.2.2) will trace to the source data field value WkMark V=(v orthogonal with oneself1,v2,…,vn) it is overlapped fortune by formula 1
Calculate；
Wk+1=Wk+ kV (formula 1)
Wherein：Wk+1=(wk+1,1,wk+1,2,…,wk+1,n)；wk+1,i=wk,i+k·vi, i=1,2 ..., n
Supercomposed coding W after (1.2.3) computingk+1Write the data field of tracing to the source of packet.
5. as claimed in claim 1 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
(1.3)：Transmission path is reconstructed：
If W=(w1,w2,…,wn) data field contents of tracing to the source that are read by base station, Vt=(vt,1,vt,2,…,vt,n) it is base station
Arbitrary node Node in region within the jurisdictiontOrthogonal mark, then it is described normalization inner product calculation formula such as formula 2；
Wherein, if inner product value τ ≠ 0, τ is node NodetForwarding order in current data packet transmission；If τ=0, save
Point NodetHave neither part nor lot in the forwarding of current data packet.
6. as claimed in claim 1 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
The transmission Topology Discovery stage, it is divided into following steps：
Step (2.1)：Transmission topology to base station is initialized；
If TP (B) is the transmission topology of current base station B regions within the jurisdiction, note TP (B)=(NB,EB),
Wherein, NB={ n1,n2,…,nmBe base station B regions within the jurisdiction sensor node set, m is number of nodes；
EB=<ni,nj>|ni,nj∈NBBe communication link set,<ni,nj>For chain roadside, represent from node niTo njIt is one
Data transmission link,
To any nj∈NB, note x (nj) it is node njLiveness weights；
By base station B transmission topology TP (B) link set EBIt is initialized as empty set, the liveness weights of each node in region within the jurisdiction
Zero is initialized as, i.e.,：To any nj∈NB, x (nj)←0；Wherein, " ← " represents assignment；
Step (2.2)：Base station often receives a packet, is performed both by following sub-step：
Step (2.2.1)：The packet of reception is traced to the source；
Step (2.2.2)：According to tracing to the source, result is fitted to transmission topology；
Step (2.3)：Output transmission topology；
Topology Discovery time point is set, repeats step (2.2) until Topology Discovery time point, exports obtained transmission topology
(NB,EB), also, to any nk∈NB, output node nkLiveness weights x (nk)。
7. as claimed in claim 6 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
Step (2.2.1)：
If d is the current data packet that base station is received, is traced to the source by data, obtain the reality that the packet is passed through in transmitting procedure
Border transmission path P (d)=<nd,1,nd,2,…,nd,t>, wherein, nd,k∈NB, k=1,2 ..., t, t is path length, nd,1For
D source sending node, nd,kRepresent k-th of node in packet d transmission path；
Step (2.2.2)：
All chain roadsides in transmission path P (d) are added into link set EB, and add up the liveness weights of each node；I.e.：
EB←(EB∪{<nd,1,nd,2>,<nd,2,nd,3>,…,<nd,t-1,nd,t>})；
Also, the liveness weights of node：x(nd,k)←(x(nd,k)+1), k=1,2 ..., t；
Wherein, x (nd,k) represent node nd,kLiveness weights.
8. as claimed in claim 1 find method based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
The abnormal nodes discovery phase：
The low threshold limit value α of sensor node liveness, high threshold limit value β are set, monitoring cycle T, discrete nodes monitoring frequency are set
Spend ω 1, idle node monitoring frequency ω 2, overload node monitoring frequency ω 3, failure node monitoring frequency ω 4；
Base station is monitored to all the sensors node of region within the jurisdiction, in each monitoring cycle, and base station is each to what is received
Packet obtains the transmission topology in the currently monitored cycle according to transmission Topology Discovery stage methods described, then：
In continuous ω 1 monitoring cycle nearest apart from current time, if there is node nk∈NB, nkWith other any nodes
Between there is no chain roadside, then node nkFor discrete nodes；
In continuous ω 2 monitoring cycles nearest apart from current time, if there is node nk∈NB, its liveness weights x (nk)
Respectively less than α, then node nkFor the node that leaves unused；
In continuous ω 3 monitoring cycles nearest apart from current time, if there is node nk∈NB, its liveness weights x (nk)
β node is all higher than, then node nkFor overload node；
In continuous ω 4 monitoring cycles nearest apart from current time, if existence time point T ', certain node n before T 'k∈
NBLiveness weights x (nk) be not zero, and in T ' x (n afterwardsk) do not change, then node nkFor failure node.
9. system is found based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that, including：Data trace to the source, transmit Topology Discovery and
Abnormal nodes find three modules；
The data are traced to the source module：Data packet transmission path is traced to the source for realizing, the actual transmission paths of restoring data bag；
The transmission Topology Discovery module：This module is run in a base station, and its effect is：Obtained according to data module of tracing to the source
Data packet transmission path be fitted the transmission topology of wireless sensor network, and in accumulative transmission path each node liveness
Weights, in the time point output transmission topology of setting；
Abnormal nodes discovery module：This module is run in a base station, and its effect is：Topology monitoring cycle and monitoring frequency are set,
Transmission topology to continuous time obtained by the transmission Topology Discovery module is monitored, and connective according to transmission topology is sent out
Existing discrete nodes, WSN idle node and overload node is found according to the liveness weights of the topological interior joint of transmission, passes through prison
The liveness situation of change of node is surveyed to find failure node.
10. as claimed in claim 9 find system based on the orthogonal WSN abnormal nodes traced to the source, it is characterized in that,
Data module of tracing to the source is made up of three parts：
Orthogonal mark allocation unit：This element is run in base station or other WSN management and control websites, and its effect is：The orthogonal mark of generation
Know collection, give each sensor node of system distribution in WSN orthogonal mark；
Trace to the source information flag unit：This element is run in each sensor node, and its effect is：When needing to send packet,
The orthogonal mark of present node is write to the data field of tracing to the source of packet；When needing forwarding packet, the packet is read
Trace to the source data field and hop count field, the field contents read are overlapped computing with the orthogonal mark of present node,
And write operation result in the data field of tracing to the source of packet；
Transmission path reconfiguration unit：This element is run in a base station, and its effect is：When receiving packet, the packet is read
Data field contents of tracing to the source, pass through will trace to the source data and in the region within the jurisdiction of base station each sensor node orthogonal mark distinguish
Carry out normalization inner product to calculate, obtain each routing node mark and its forwarding order for participating in current data packet forwarding, and according to this
The transmission path of restoring data bag.
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