Solar charging circuit of lithium battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging, in particular to a solar charging circuit of a lithium battery.
Background
The sharing bicycle provides bicycle sharing service, and is a new normal state of sharing economy. The shared bicycle must be equipped with a GPS positioning system and a communication module for communicating with headquarters. The operation of bicycle is influenced by seasonal variation, weather conditions etc. and is great, no matter what weather conditions, whenever and wherever, the battery of sharing bicycle is to provide the energy supply of location and headquarter communication for the bicycle, so sharing bicycle lithium ion battery requires more, but present lithium battery is mostly still to adopt manual charging, and sharing bicycle's lithium battery is difficult to maintain, if all sharing bicycle adopts manual charging can cause a large amount of manpower and materials extravagant, and its extravagant electric power resource, is difficult to maintain the security and the reliability of lithium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the solar charging circuit of the lithium battery, which realizes the solar charging function of the lithium battery, has high use safety and long service life, does not need manual charging, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a solar charging circuit of a lithium battery, which comprises:
the step-down charging module is used for reducing the output voltage of the solar panel to the charging voltage of the lithium battery;
the sampling module is used for monitoring the output voltage, the output current and the temperature of the lithium battery of the solar charging circuit;
a DSP controller: the sampling module is used for collecting sampling signals sent by the sampling module, sending control signals and controlling the on-off of the buck charging module;
the protection module is used for collecting control signals sent by the DSP controller;
and a secondary protection circuit for protecting the lithium battery is further arranged between the step-down charging module and the lithium battery.
The step-down charging module comprises an MOS tube Q4, and a grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is connected with the DSP controller.
The lithium battery is connected with a temperature thermistor NTC, and the sampling module comprises a voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling circuit and a temperature sampling circuit;
the protection module comprises an overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and an overtemperature protection circuit.
The voltage sampling circuit is connected with the input end of the overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit through a resistor R14; the current sampling circuit is connected with the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit through a resistor R26; the temperature sampling circuit is connected with the input end of the over-temperature protection circuit through a resistor R71.
The DSP controller is a chip TMS320F28035, a pin GPIO22, a pin GPIO32, a pin ADCINA3, a pin ADCINA1 and a pin EPWM7A are arranged on the DSP controller, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is connected with the pin EPWM 7A; the input end of the voltage sampling circuit is connected with the lithium battery, the output end of the voltage sampling circuit is connected with the pin ADCINA1, and the output end of the overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit is connected with the pin GPIO 22; the input end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the lithium battery, the output end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the pin ADCINA3, and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the pin GPIO 32.
The secondary protection circuit comprises a control chip S8261, wherein the control chip S8261 comprises a pin VDD and a pin VSS, the pin VDD is connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery, and the pin VSS is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the solar charging circuit of the lithium battery, the lithium battery reduces the input voltage of the solar panel to the charging voltage of the lithium battery through the step-down charging module, the output voltage, the output current and the temperature of the lithium battery of the solar charging circuit are monitored through the sampling module in the DSP controller, the DSP controller is triggered through the protection module to control the on-off of the step-down charging module so as to protect the lithium battery, and the safety and the reliability of the lithium battery are protected; further, the safety of the lithium battery and the buck charging module is protected through a secondary protection circuit with the functions of overcharge protection, overdischarge protection and overcurrent protection, so that the protection module of the DSP controller can be prevented from being invalid, the secondary protection circuit can play a role of secondary protection, and the safety and the reliability of the lithium battery are ensured; the invention realizes the solar charging function of the lithium battery, has high use safety and long service life, does not need manual charging, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a solar charging circuit of a lithium battery according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the buck charging module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a DSP controller of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the secondary protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the voltage sampling circuit and the overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a current sampling circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the temperature sampling circuit and the over-temperature protection circuit of the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 7 include:
1-step-down charging module 2-DSP controller 3-sampling module
4-protection module 5-secondary protection circuit 6-voltage sampling circuit
7-temperature sampling circuit 8-overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit 9-overcurrent protection circuit
10-an over-temperature protection circuit 11-a current sampling circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, to which reference is made, but which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a solar charging circuit of a lithium battery includes: the step-down charging module is used for reducing the output voltage of the solar panel to the charging voltage of the lithium battery;
the sampling module is used for monitoring the output voltage, the output current and the temperature of the lithium battery of the solar charging circuit; a DSP controller: the sampling module is used for collecting sampling signals sent by the sampling module, sending control signals and controlling the on-off of the buck charging module; the protection module is used for protecting the module, the control signal collection module is used for collecting control signals sent by the DSP controller; and a secondary protection circuit for protecting the lithium battery is further arranged between the step-down charging module and the lithium battery. Specifically, the lithium battery reduces the input voltage of the solar panel to the charging voltage of the lithium battery through the buck charging module 1, the output voltage, the output current and the temperature of the lithium battery of the solar charging circuit are monitored through the sampling module 3 in the DSP controller 2, the acquisition signal of the sampling module 3 is sent to the DSP controller 2, the DSP controller 2 sends a control signal to the protection module 4 according to the acquisition signal, the protection module 4 triggers the DSP controller 2 to control the on-off of the buck charging module so as to protect the lithium battery, and the safety and the reliability of the lithium battery are protected; the safety of the lithium battery and the buck charging module 1 is protected through the secondary protection circuit 5 with the functions of overcharge protection, overdischarge protection and overcurrent protection, so that the damage of the lithium battery caused by the failure of the protection module 4 of the DSP controller 2 can be prevented, the secondary protection circuit 5 can play a role of secondary protection, and the safety and the reliability of the lithium battery are ensured; the solar charging device realizes the solar charging function of the lithium battery, has high use safety and long service life, does not need manual charging, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the invention is suitable for various situations requiring the charging of the lithium battery, such as the lithium battery in a sharing bicycle, the lithium battery of an outdoor lamp and the like.
Further, the buck charging module 1 includes a MOS transistor Q4, and a gate of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the DSP controller 2. Specifically, the DSP controller 2 controls the on-off of the buck charging module 1 by controlling the on-off of the MOS transistor Q4.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, in the solar charging circuit of a lithium battery according to the embodiment, a negative output end of the lithium battery is connected with a temperature thermistor NTC, and the sampling module 3 includes a voltage sampling circuit 6, a current sampling circuit 11 and a temperature sampling circuit 7; the protection module 4 comprises an overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit 8 an overcurrent protection circuit 9 and an overtemperature protection circuit 10; specifically, the voltage sampling circuit 6 and the current sampling circuit 11 sample the charging voltage and the charging current of the buck module respectively, send the collected signals to the DSP controller 2 and then send the control signals to the protection module 4, the temperature sampling circuit 7 collects the temperature of the temperature thermistor NTC and sends the collected signals to the DSP controller 2 and then sends the control signals to the protection module 4, and the buck charging module 1 and the lithium battery are protected by the overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit 8, the overcurrent protection circuit 9 and the overtemperature protection circuit 10 of the protection module 4;
the voltage sampling circuit 6 is connected with the input end of the overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit 8 through a resistor R14; the current sampling circuit 11 is connected with the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit 9 through a resistor R26; the temperature sampling resistor is connected with the input end of the over-temperature protection circuit 10 through a resistor R71. Specifically, the resistor R14, the resistor R26, and the resistor R71 function as a load.
Specifically, when the charging voltage sampled by the DSP controller 2 through the voltage sampling circuit 6 reaches 4.25V of the overcharge protection voltage, the protection module 4 feeds back the received control signal to the DSP controller 2, the DSP controller 2 receives the overcharge protection signal, and the DSP controller 2 stops outputting the PWM signal to close the MOS transistor Q4, so as to disconnect the charging circuit of the buck charging module 1; when the charging voltage sampled by the DSP controller 2 through the voltage sampling circuit 6 is smaller than the overcharging recovery voltage by 4.15V, the overcharging and overdischarging protection circuit 8 does not work, and the step-down charging module 1 works normally; when the DSP controller 2 samples that the battery voltage is lower than 2.5V through the voltage sampling circuit 6, the DSP controller 2 receives the over-discharge protection signal, the DSP controller 2 stops outputting the PWM signal to enable the MOS tube Q4 to be closed, and the charging circuit of the buck charging module 1 is disconnected; when the DSP controller 2 samples the battery voltage to be higher than 3V through the voltage sampling circuit 6, the over-discharge protection circuit does not work, and the buck charging module 1 works normally;
when the DSP controller 2 samples that the charging current is too high through the current sampling circuit 11, the DSP controller 2 receives an overcurrent protection signal, under the action of the overcurrent protection circuit 9, the DSP controller 2 stops outputting a PWM signal to enable the MOS tube Q4 to be closed, and the charging circuit of the buck charging module 1 is disconnected to protect the buck charging module 1 and the battery;
when the DSP controller 2 detects the resistance information of the NTC at any time through the temperature sampling circuit 7, to determine the temperature change condition of the battery, if the detected temperature is too high, the DSP controller 2 closes the driving signal of the MOS transistor Q4 of the buck charging module 1, stops charging, and simultaneously cuts off the discharging loop, thereby protecting the safety of the battery.
As shown in fig. 3, in the solar charging circuit of a lithium battery according to the embodiment, the DSP controller is a chip TMS320F28035, and is provided with a pin GPIO22, a pin GPIO32, a pin adcin 3, a pin adcin 1 and a pin EPWM7A, and the gate of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected with the pin EPWM 7A; the input end of the voltage sampling circuit is connected with the lithium battery, the output end of the voltage sampling circuit is connected with the pin ADCINA1, and the output end of the overcharge and overdischarge protection circuit is connected with the pin GPIO 22; the input end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the lithium battery, the output end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the pin ADCINA3, and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is connected with the pin GPIO 32.
As shown in fig. 4, in the solar charging circuit of a lithium battery according to the present embodiment, the secondary protection circuit 5 includes a control chip S8261, the control chip S8261 includes a pin VDD and a pin VSS, the pin VDD is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery, and the pin VSS is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery. Specifically, the secondary protection circuit 5 includes an overcharge protection function, an overdischarge protection function, and an overcurrent protection function by being matched with the control chip S8261; when the charging voltage reaches 4.25V of the overcharge protection voltage, the control chip S8261 outputs a low-level driving signal to turn off the MOS tube in the secondary protection circuit 5 and disconnect the loop; when the charging voltage is less than 4.15V of the overcharging recovery voltage, the control chip S8261 outputs a high-level driving signal to restart the MOS transistor in the secondary protection circuit 5, and the process is an overcharging protection function of the secondary protection circuit 5. When the battery voltage is lower than the over-discharge protection voltage by 2.5V, the control chip S8261 outputs a low-level driving signal, the MOS tube in the secondary protection circuit 5 is turned off, and the loop is disconnected; when the battery voltage is greater than the over-discharge recovery voltage by 3V, the control chip S8261 outputs a high-level driving signal to restart the MOS tube in the secondary protection circuit 5, and the process is an over-discharge protection function of the secondary protection circuit 5; the secondary protection circuit 5 is connected with a PTC restorable fuse, and the fuse has two functions of overcurrent protection and automatic restoration, and the functions of the fuse are to prevent high-temperature discharge of a battery and unsafe high current.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following description, and any modifications, equivalent changes and variations in light of the above-described embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.