CN107220967A

CN107220967A - A kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method

Info

Publication number: CN107220967A
Application number: CN201710316074.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 艾克拜尔·伊拉洪; 蒋平安; 努斯热提·吾斯曼; 张博; 吐尔逊·吐尔洪; 再吐尼古丽·库尔班; 安沙舟; 盛建东; 贾宏涛; 玉素甫江·玉素音; 张文太; 木合旦尔·马木提; 阿依努尔·卡吾拉洪; 阿不都赛买提·乃合买提; 塞牙热木·阿里甫; 巴哈提古丽·吐斯买买提; 热不哈提·艾合买提
Original assignee: Xinjiang Agricultural University
Current assignee: Xinjiang Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-05-08
Filing date: 2017-05-08
Publication date: 2017-09-29

Abstract

The invention belongs to Soil K+adsorption technical field, a kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method is disclosed, including evaluate the selection of target and improve the automation of identification；Target initial data input；Target initial data part evaluate；Target fundamental characteristics evaluation；The evaluation on uniformity objective ground；The evaluation on polygamy target ground.The present invention to adapt to, see and the edaphic condition of local Agro-ecology characteristic provides reference data evaluation by local agriculture border；The present invention is adapted to the crop specie of local Agro-ecological System, the guidance of kind and its production technology；The ecological agriculture and intensive agricultural that the present invention is combined for the local ecosystem of regulation and control and agricultural economy provide foundation；The present invention provides foundation to improve the agricultural soil deteriorated erosion, the stability that Agro-ecological System is stabilized and agriculture border is seen is made that guarantee.

Description

A kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to Soil K+adsorption technical field, more particularly to a kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method.

Background technology

The natural conditions of Grassland In Xinjiang include weather, landforms soil, hydrology etc., are the primary conditions that meadow is formed.Xinjiang Positioned at the northwestward of China, geographical position is in 40 ' -96 ° 18 ' of east longitude 73 °, between 40 ' -49 ° 50 ' of north latitude 35-degree, east and south Portion is connected with Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet respectively.Southwest and northeast respectively with India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, the Soviet Union and Mongolia People's republic borders on.1900 kilometers of thing length.North and south is wide 1500 kilometers, and 1,650,000 square kilometres of the gross area accounts for national total face Long-pending 1/6.There are mountain region, hills, Plain, desert etc..Five big geomorphic units are can be basically divided into from landform.There is Altay Mountain region, category Altay fold block mountain, the southern slope step-shaped geomorphologic risen into staged are western wetter by west wind circulation control Profit, east more dry morning, and influenceed by height above sea level, alpine region precipitation is at 500 millimeters, and low-relief terrain is at 200-300 millimeters. Constitute the formation on Altay Mountains grassy marshland and retama bushland meadow.Tianshan Mountainous is crossed in the middle part of Xinjiang, and mountain system is complicated, mountain Between many block depression basins, point Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains, Nan Po.With a varied topography, account for its big north slope of area is influenceed compared with Nan Po by west wind circulation Moistening, and western relatively moistening, east more dry morning.And change with absolute elevation, constitute the shape of grassy marshland and grassland and Desert Grassland Into.Kun Lun Mountain mountain region belongs to the Kunlun fold belt, and protuberance amplitude is big, and mountain range is towering.The moisture that the Indian Ocean is come is by the Himalayas, noise made in coughing or vomiting The stop of Kun Lun Mountain etc..The north is influenceed by the Takla Makan Desert, constitutes the waste river in Henan Province in mountain region and the formation on Cold Desert meadow, Also there is part grassland development alpine region.The Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin are Middle Cenozoic intermountain cols two pieces large-scale Fall into, because being stopped by surrounding high mountain, the circulation moisture of west wind circulation and the Indian Ocean is difficult into people.But the Junggar Basin is slightly better than tower In tub, generally speaking or extreme drought, constitute the formation on plain desert meadow.In addition with the western mountain of Zhunger Basin Ground.Mountain shape is relatively low, is made up of the fault block mountain region of stepped denudation plane and faulted valley and basin, precipitation is less, constitutes grass The development on former meadow.The Pamir Mountain Area is the interface portion of Tianshan Mountains Kun Lun Mountain, there is flat uplift plateau, constitutes Cold Desert grass The formation on ground.

From the point of view of weather conditions, Xinjiang is located in Eurasia center, and surrounding high mountain is surround, and physical features is more inaccessible, in weather It belongs to the continental arid climate in temperate zone in classification.Because Xinjiang is vast in territory, with a varied topography, by south to north, by basin to high Mountain, heat condition is rich and varied.Do not only have warm temperate zone and also having temperate climate to the north of Tianshan Mountains.Because the influence of weather exists North SinKiang forms warm nature desert-patana.Warm warm desert-patana and the Pamir Mountain Area, the Kunlun are formd in South Sinkiang Cold Desert grassland.Although being rendered as dry early, half-dried early situation in the broad area of Xinjiang, mean annual precipitation is on 150 millimeters of left sides The right side, total distribution trend is：North SinKiang is more than South Sinkiang, and western part is more than east, and mountain area is more than basin, and mountain region windward slope is more than leeward Slope, basin surrounding is more than center, and Plain and basin annual precipitation are fewer, and variability is big.Annual precipitation Zhungeer Basin Edge: 150-200 millimeters, basin is central about 100 millimeters, below 50 millimeters of Tarim Basin, only 20 millimeters of Turpan Basin, but a small number of Area and mountain area, because precipitation is at 300-400 millimeters, are that the formation of grassland is carried there is also there is half-dried early Semi-humid area Condition is supplied.It is nalati mountainous grassland in humid region of the higher regional precipitation of Middle Section of The Tianshan Mountains height above sea level more than 500 millimeters Form the condition of providing.Xinjiang luminous energy condition is all very abundant in broad area, North SinKiang year total solar radiation amount 130 kilocalories/ Cm or so, South Sinkiang is conducive to the growth of Grassland Herbage above in 145 kilocalories/cm.Heat includes temperature, accumulated temperature, and frost pair The growth of herbage is compared close with herbage species distribution relation, and such as top grass happiness is low in temperature, is just distributed under conditions of accumulated temperature is few, Average annual temperature South Sinkiang is at 9-12 DEG C, and North SinKiang is below 4-9 DEG C, and eastern boundary is at 10-14 DEG C, and mountain area is less than region of no relief, and accumulated temperature is same Eastern boundary is most, South Sinkiang placed in the middle, North SinKiang is minimum, 10 DEG C, accumulated temperature, eastern 5300-5400 DEG C of boundary, 4000-4300 DEG C of South Sinkiang, North SinKiang 2500-2900 DEG C, go out according to Xinjiang weather bureau rough calculation, latitude is averagely moved northward once, 10 DEG C of accumulated temperature of ＞ will reduce 100 DEG C, from Basin to mountain area, height above sea level, which often raises 100 ＞, 10 DEG C of accumulated temperature, must reduce 120-150 DEG C, frost-free period South Sinkiang 200-300 days, North SinKiang 140-155 days, but mountain area frost-free period then reduce the 60-70% that North SinKiangs account for annual precipitation, South Sinkiang accounts for 60-70%, snowfall, product Snow is still at most maximum with North SinKiang, and South Sinkiang is just few, therefore North SinKiang algid stage is long, and the general Altay of Snow Thickness is in 25-30cm, tower City 25cm, Yi Li 20cm, Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains 15cm, the growth of rainfall, accumulated snow on meadow and grass has direct influence, from soil and water Equally it is to form one of the essential condition on different type meadow from the point of view of literary geological condition.The soil-forming process of soil and the ground of soil Manage the regularity of distribution, significantly consistent with the formation of grassland types by the profound influence of powerful dry early weather and geology and geomorphology, water Literary condition mountain area is discharge series area because being influenceed by terrain, weather, and region of no relief is the lost area of runoff after coming out of retirement and taking up an official post, to difference The formation on type meadow equally influence is very big.It is different type in river valley and low level land due to the effect of surface water and underground water Lowland meadow meadow formed provide condition.

At present, grassland degeneration has turned into the extremely severe ecological problem of the world today face one, and it causes global grass The ground underproduction 43.0%.About 20% meadow biological yield declines in global range according to estimates, wherein again with the meadow in Asia Degeneration area is maximum, up to 37,000,000 km², account for the 22% of the meadow gross area.Compared with the whole world and Asia grassland degeneration situation, China Grassland degeneration it is even more serious, into 21 century, grassland degeneration is further exacerbated by, and China 90% has not using natural meadow With the degeneration of degree.And the Xinjiang temperate district grassland degeneration for accounting for north of China grassland area 1/5 is more serious, wherein seriously moving back Change, desertification, the meadow of salinization of soil are more than 8,000,000 hm², every year also with the hm of l0 ten thousand²Speed increase, nearly 10 years grass yields Decline 20%-40%.Because north slop of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain's distribution is in Asia Midwest, it is located in Asia-Europe continent innerland, by Siberia And the control of Monglia high anticyclone, whole region is shrouded by the strong continental arid climate in temperate zone, while again by Gu Erban The influence in Tong Gute deserts, forms the grassland types shown unique characteristics.The serious degeneration on north slop of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain meadow is not only restricted Grassland In Xinjiang animal husbandry development, directly threaten the life for herding the people, and also affect local area ecological balance and Western part of China entirety ecological safety and social stability.

In summary, the problem of prior art is present be：

It is direct that existing grassland soil degradation evaluation technology can not govern grassland agriculture development to the serious degeneration on meadow The problem concerning life for herding the people is threatened to provide foundation, it is impossible to provide reasonable proposal to improving or recovering prairie soil nutrient situation.

The content of the invention

The problem of existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method.

The present invention is achieved in that a kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method, the grassland soil degradation evaluation method Including：

Evaluate the selection of target and improve the automation of identification：In the automation of the kind identification for evaluating target, pass through The geological image collector of monitor video display unit obtains the image of grassland soil degeneration geological stratification；Shown by monitor video Ambiguity evaluation module built in unit obtains the image of the grassland soil degeneration geological stratification of geological image collector transmission, and counts Calculate image statistics ratio before and after filtering；Commented by the fuzziness adjusting module built in monitor video display unit with fuzziness Valency module is connected, and adjustment original image fuzziness draws final image and image blur evaluation index；Utilize ambiguity evaluation mould Block, fuzziness adjusting module include to image blur evaluation method：

Step one, image is obtained, and grassland soil degeneration geology tomographic image to be evaluated is obtained by geological image collector；

Step 2, image gray processing, for convenience of the edge extracting of image, using the R of RGB image in Digital Image Processing, Coloured image is converted into gray level image by the pixel value of each passage of G, B and the transformational relation of gray level image pixel value, and formula is such as Under：

Gray=R*0.3+G*0.59+B*0.11；

Step 3, Edge extraction is made using the Roberts operator edge detections technology in digital image processing method The edge of image is obtained for gray level image, different detective operators have different edge detection templates, according to specific template The difference for intersecting pixel is calculated as current pixel value, it is as follows using template：

E (i, j)=| F (i, j)-F (i+1, j+1) |+| F (i+1, j)-F (i, j+1) |；

Step 4, image procossing is filtered processing to gray level image to be evaluated to construct using high pass/low pass filter The reference picture of image, using 3*3 mean filters, using each pixel of Filtering Template traversing graph picture, every time by template center Current pixel is placed in, the average value of all pixels is newly worth as current pixel using in template, and template is as follows：

Step 5, image border statistical information is calculated, and respective edge half-tone information, filtering before and after image filtering are calculated respectively The image F statistical informations to be evaluated of before processing are that the reference picture F2 statistical informations after sum_orig, filtering process are sum_ Filter, specific formula for calculation is as follows：

Wherein, w1 and w2 is according to from the weights set with a distance from center pixel, w1=1, w2=1/3；

Step 6, image blur index is calculated, the image filtering front and rear edges grey-level statistics that step 5 is drawn Ratio as fuzziness index, for convenience of evaluating, take larger for denominator, less is molecule, keeps the value between (0,1) Between；

Step 7, according to the DMOS scopes of the best visual effect draw a corresponding fuzziness indication range [min, Max], be specially：

Fuzziness adjusting range is drawn, 174 panel heights in LIVE2 are evaluated using the ambiguity evaluation method in above-mentioned steps This blurred picture, calculates their own ambiguity evaluation value, is then set up using fitting tool plot (value, DMOS) Mapping relations between evaluation of estimate value and DMOS, corresponding one is drawn according to the corresponding DMOS scopes of the best visual effect Fuzzy evaluation value scope [min, max]；

Step 8, image blur adjustment, if image blur index is less than min, according to step 6, judges image filtering Front and rear change is very big, and original image is excessively sharpened, then is filtered adjustment using low pass filter；If more than max, the filter of process decision chart picture Varied less after wavefront, original image is excessively obscured, then is filtered adjustment using high-pass filter, to reach more preferably vision effect Really；

Step 9, draws final image and the image blur evaluation index；

Target initial data input：Target initial data pass through the signal acquisition built in monitor video display unit Module receives the final image ambiguity evaluation indication information drawn；Signal acquisition module in the reception,

First, the awareness apparatus inlayed with signal acquisition module is carried out within the independent sampling period to echo signal x (t) Collection, and digital quantization is carried out to signal with A/D modes；Then, dimensionality reduction is carried out to the signal x (i) after quantization；Finally, to drop Signal after dimension is reconstructed；Wherein t is sampling instant, and i is the signal sequence after quantifying；

Dimensionality reduction is carried out to the signal after quantization, is specifically the difference that finite impulse response filter is passed through to the signal after quantization Divide equationI=1 ..., M, wherein h (0) ..., h (L-1) are filter coefficient, and design is based on filtering Compressed sensing signal acquisition framework, construct following Teoplitz calculation matrix：

Then observeI=1 ..., M, wherein b₁,…,b_LRegard filter coefficient as；Submatrix Φ_FT Singular value be gram matrix G (Φ_F, T) and=Φ '_FTΦ_FTThe arithmetic root of characteristic value, checking G (Φ F, T) all eigenvalue λs i∈(1-δ_K,1+δ_K), i=1 ..., T, then Φ_FRIP is met, and by solvingOptimization problem is weighed Structure original signal；Original signal, that is, BP algorithm are reconstructed by linear programming method；

For actual compression signal, Φ is then changed in the collection of such as picture signal_FFor following form：

If signal, with openness, pass through and solved on conversion basic matrix Ψ Optimization problem, Accurate Reconstruction goes out original signal；Wherein Φ is uncorrelated to Ψ, and Ξ is referred to as CS matrixes；

Target initial data part evaluate；

Target fundamental characteristics evaluation；Target in the evaluation of fundamental characteristics, by built in monitor video display unit Target the evaluation module of fundamental characteristics use frequency number analysis, to the indices that are evaluated by evaluate collection to grassland soil Degeneration degree of danger is graded, and obtains the degree of membership of set of factors；Target the evaluation module of fundamental characteristics be determined judge Subject Matrix：

By the relative defects matrix for obtaining k-th of set of factors：

Wherein：

In formula：R_kThe relative defects matrix of-k-th set of factors；

r_kijThe degree of membership for the j that i-th of factor of-k-th set of factors belongs in evaluate collection；

p_kij- group membership is rated j frequency to i-th of factor index of k-th of set of factors；

Construct fuzzy matrix for assessment：

By the weight vector of each indexFuzzy matrix for assessment B can be constructed with matrix R,

Calculate Comprehensive Evaluation result：

By fuzzy matrix for assessment B and the parameter column vector of evaluate collection, Comprehensive Evaluation result Z can be tried to achieve；

Z=BV

The result of fuzzy overall evaluation is arrived as available from the above equation, is provided further according to opinion rating, and evaluation is degenerated in grassland soil The dangerous size of upper multifactor failure；And shown by the display of monitor video display unit；

The evaluation on uniformity objective ground；

The evaluation on polygamy target ground；Obtained by the evaluation processing module on the polygamy target ground built in monitor video display unit The number of winning the confidence, and the sensor gathered data inlayed by the evaluation processing module on polygamy target ground and processing is amplified to signal Evaluated afterwards；Then average, variance, the accumulated value of signal and the basic time domain parameter of peak value 4 are extracted in every segment signal, Determine whether that doubtful abnormal situation occurs by the difference of 4 parameter values of adjacent segment signal；Down performed if having small Ripple bag denoising, no person jumps to and holds acquisition signals step；Recycle the signal progress denoising for improving Wavelet Packet Algorithm to collection；Again WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconstruct are carried out to the signal of collection using Wavelet Packet Algorithm is improved, list band reconstruction signal is obtained；From reconstruct List band signal in extract：Time domain energy, time domain peak, frequency domain energy, frequency domain peak value, coefficient of kurtosis, variance, frequency spectrum and partially The parameter of oblique 8 expression signal characteristics of coefficient；Using principal component analytical method, the obvious table of 3 to 8 energy is selected from above-mentioned parameter Show the parameter composition characteristic vector of the feature on polygamy target ground, and these characteristic vectors are input to SVMs and carry out decision-making Judge, abnormal generation is determined whether according to the output of SVMs.

Further, the wavelet packet denoising and WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION include with reconstruct：

Signals extension, horizontal parabola continuation is entered to each layer signal of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION；

If signal data is x (a), x (a+1), x (a+2), then continuation operator E expression formula is：

Eliminate list band un-necessary frequency composition；

By the signal after continuation with decomposing low pass filter h₀Convolution, obtains low frequency coefficient, is then calculated by HF-cut-IF Subprocessing, removes unnecessary frequency content, then carries out down-sampling, obtains next layer of low frequency coefficient；By the signal after continuation with Decompose high-pass filter g₀Convolution, obtains high frequency coefficient, then by the processing of LF-cut-IF operators, remove unnecessary frequency into Point, then down-sampling is carried out, and next layer of high frequency coefficient is obtained, shown in HF-cut-IF operators such as formula (2), LF-cut-IF operators such as formula (3) shown in；

In (2), (3) formula, x (n) is 2^jThe coefficient of wavelet packet, N on yardstick_jRepresent 2^jThe length of data on yardstick,K=0,1 ..., N_j-1；N=0,1 ..., N_j-1；

The method of list band signal reconstruct includes：

Obtained high and low frequency coefficient is up-sampled, then respectively with high pass reconstruction filter g₁With low-pass reconstruction filter Ripple device h₁Convolution, obtained signal is handled with HF-cut-IF, LF-cut-IF operator respectively, obtains list band reconstruction signal.

Further, the target the evaluation of fundamental characteristics include agroecology functional evaluation, the farming of soil fertility The evaluation of system and the evaluation of contamination resistance.

Further, the evaluation on the polygamy target ground includes evaluating area, boundary line and objectives evaluation.

Further,

The evaluation of agroecology function includes：

Determine soil function and the measure target of ecological quality；

Enough soil diagnosis indexs are formulated, but no more than target zone；

Select rational soil diagnosis Quantitative marking standard；

Soil ecology characteristic is analyzed to the formation of soil and the influence of the regularity of distribution according to local soil forming factor.

Further, the soil ecology characteristic includes pondage, storage carbon amounts, available nutrient content, soil-geological, chemurgy Learn.

Further, the soil ecology characteristic also includes soil restriction factor；The soil restriction factor is moved back including soil Change, soil self purification activity, the basic physical chemistry type of soil pollution.

Further, the evaluation on uniformity objective ground includes：

Set up specific soil geographic location or coordinate；

The obtained data of input；

Determine evaluation index, the form of standard；Specially formulate the master data selected and be suitable for local soil ecology characteristic；

The drafting of analysis of material design sketch；

Delete, preserve, work out, summarize, apply.

Further, the grassland soil degradation evaluation method also includes the evaluation of upper soll layer power.

Advantages of the present invention and good effect are：

The grassland soil degradation evaluation method that the present invention is provided is suitable for the synthesis in the various levels of different conditions of setting out Evaluation system realizes that soil Adaptability Evaluation makes resolution；The present invention according to the land limitation factor and soil fertility condition, The condition such as moisture and soil degradation of irrigation has formulated the type of Agro-ecological System；According to soil basic condition and industry characteristics system The energy in soil is determined；The present invention has formulated the conservation of nature information system that agriculture border is seen；The present invention is the determination agriculture's level of specialization There is provided the natural resources data relevant with the adaptability of agricultural resource with proportion of crop planting system；The present invention is local to adapt to Agriculture border is seen and the edaphic condition of local Agro-ecology characteristic provides reference data evaluation；The present invention is adapted to local Agro-ecology The guidance of the crop specie of system, kind and its production technology；The present invention is the local ecosystem of regulation and control and agricultural economy phase With reference to the ecological agriculture and it is intensive agricultural provide foundation；The present invention provides foundation to improve the agricultural soil deteriorated erosion, The stability that Agro-ecological System is stabilized and agriculture border is seen is set to be made that guarantee.

The picture appraisal of the present invention is different from traditional evaluation method, and the present invention sets up special in image self structure to be evaluated On the basis of point, from the angle of relative evaluation, the reference picture of image to be evaluated is constructed using wave filter, change is calculated front and rear The ratio of image border statistical information is used as evaluation index；The principle of the present invention is simple, realizes the interior of image blur evaluation Hold independence and real-time, fuzziness that can quick and precisely between any image of evaluation comparison；So as to show that grassland soil is moved back Change accurate geologic image, guarantee is provided for the evaluation of next step.

The present invention integrates Signal sampling and processing, evaluated, and accurately the information that grassland soil is degenerated is evaluated, The accuracy rate of signal is obtained compared to prior art, can be obtained by experiment, be improved into 6 percentage points, reach than existing 97.12%.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is grassland soil degradation evaluation method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.

The application principle of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 1, a kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：

S101:Evaluate the selection of target and improve the automation of identification；

S102:Target initial data input；

S103:Target initial data part evaluate；

S104:Target fundamental characteristics evaluation；

S105:The evaluation on uniformity objective ground；

S106:The evaluation on polygamy target ground.

Further, in the automation of the kind identification for evaluating target, the geological image of monitor video display unit is passed through Collector obtains the image of grassland soil degeneration geological stratification；Obtained by the ambiguity evaluation module built in monitor video display unit The image of the grassland soil degeneration geological stratification of geological image collector transmission is taken, and calculates image statistics ratio before and after filtering Value；It is connected by the fuzziness adjusting module built in monitor video display unit with ambiguity evaluation module, adjusts original image mould Paste degree draws final image and image blur evaluation index；Using ambiguity evaluation module, fuzziness adjusting module to image Ambiguity evaluation method includes：

Gray=R*0.3+G*0.59+B*0.11；

E (i, j)=| F (i, j)-F (i+1, j+1) |+| F (i+1, j)-F (i, j+1) |；

Step 9, draws final image and the image blur evaluation index.

Further, target initial data receive what is drawn by signal acquisition module built in monitor video display unit Final image ambiguity evaluation indication information；Signal acquisition module in the reception,

If signal, with openness, pass through and solved on conversion basic matrix Ψ Optimization problem, Accurate Reconstruction goes out original signal；Wherein Φ is uncorrelated to Ψ, and Ξ is referred to as CS matrixes.

Further, signal is obtained by the evaluation processing module on the polygamy target ground built in monitor video display unit, and The sensor gathered data inlayed by the evaluation processing module on polygamy target ground is simultaneously commented after being amplified processing to signal Valency；Then average, variance, the accumulated value of signal and the basic time domain parameter of peak value 4 are extracted in every segment signal, by adjacent The difference of 4 parameter values of segment signal determines whether that doubtful abnormal situation occurs；Wavelet packet denoising is down performed if having, No person, jumps to and holds acquisition signals step；Recycle the signal progress denoising for improving Wavelet Packet Algorithm to collection；Recycle and improve small Ripple bag algorithm carries out WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconstruct to the signal of collection, obtains list band reconstruction signal；Taken a message from the list of reconstruct Extracted in number：Time domain energy, time domain peak, frequency domain energy, frequency domain peak value, coefficient of kurtosis, variance, frequency spectrum and coefficient skewness 8 Represent the parameter of signal characteristic；Using principal component analytical method, selection 3 to 8 can substantially represent polygamy mesh from above-mentioned parameter The parameter composition characteristic vector of the feature on ground is marked, and these characteristic vectors are input to SVMs and carries out decision-making judgement, root Abnormal generation is determined whether according to the output of SVMs.

Eliminate list band un-necessary frequency composition；

The method of list band signal reconstruct includes：

Further, target in the evaluation of fundamental characteristics, it is substantially special by the target built in monitor video display unit The evaluation module of property uses frequency number analysis, and the indices being evaluated are entered by evaluate collection to grassland soil degeneration degree of danger Row grading, obtains the degree of membership of set of factors；Target the evaluation module of fundamental characteristics be determined judge Subject Matrix：

By the relative defects matrix for obtaining k-th of set of factors：

Wherein：

In formula：R_kThe relative defects matrix of-k-th set of factors；

Construct fuzzy matrix for assessment：

Calculate Comprehensive Evaluation result：

Z=BV

The result of fuzzy overall evaluation is arrived as available from the above equation, is provided further according to opinion rating, and evaluation is degenerated in grassland soil The dangerous size of upper multifactor failure；And shown by the display of monitor video display unit.

The evaluation on the polygamy target ground includes evaluating area, boundary line and objectives evaluation.

The evaluation of agroecology function includes：

Determine soil function and the measure target of ecological quality；

Enough soil diagnosis indexs are formulated, but no more than target zone；

Select rational soil diagnosis Quantitative marking standard；

The soil ecology characteristic includes pondage, storage carbon amounts, available nutrient content, soil-geological, agriculture chemistry.

The soil ecology characteristic also includes soil restriction factor；The soil restriction factor includes soil degradation, soil Self-purification capacity, the basic physical chemistry type of soil pollution.

The evaluation on uniformity objective ground includes：

Set up specific soil geographic location or coordinate；

The obtained data of input；

The drafting of analysis of material design sketch；

Delete, preserve, work out, summarize, apply.

The grassland soil degradation evaluation method also includes the evaluation of upper soll layer power.

The application principle of the present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.

The influence that the type of 1 Man's dynamics changes to soil quality

One of reality factor of upper soll layer power is human activity power, and this influence to upper soll layer is larger, from 20 Many scientists shadow that constantly factor such as research geological ecology is seen to soil and agriculture border from different angles since century Ringing, and propose the development of influence upper soll layer and its various ecosystem characterizations improves or deteriorating course.

The middle importance of human factor.The wherein main change for showing as soil property and composition, the soil weight and big The change of gas composition, in addition it is very big to playing the role of in terms of the rate of change of big miniclimate, degenerated under natural environmental condition Or many soil deteriorated are also as caused by inaccurate artificial technological service, so shadow of the human factor to upper soll layer Sound is can to turn into generally one of imagination that any one place of the earth can be seen.Soil caused by human factor The concrete ways of degeneration have：

Change of the strong reclamation of wasteland to upper soll layer more accelerates, this to soil profile ecosystem characterization, soil texture and its Its physicochemical property but there occurs deep change.The various chemistry of administration and organic fertilizer of particularly blindness etc. cause to be sought to soil Foster imbalance.The agricultural physics of soil is degenerated, and deteriorates WGR, destruction soil texture and increase unit weight.The agriculture skill of soil It is the deterioration of topsoil soils physical-mechanical properties that art, which is degenerated,.It is that the usage amount for increasing certain nutrient causes soil that agriculture chemistry, which is lost in, In other nutrients it is unbalance.Make the dirt of the reduction of biota number in soil or the death of biology and the application of agricultural chemicals to soil environment Dye etc. is all soil ecology performance degradation result caused by mankind's activity rope.

In a word, the irrational utilization of soil can increase the various degenerative processes of soil, particularly aggravate topsoil Degenerate and cause the rapid reduction of soil fertility.

Another larger factor of people's activity is to irrigate, and it is also larger to irrigate influence to soil property, and it not only can be with Soil profile and its soil moisture, the ratio of air are destroyed, soil pH, Eh, Ca can also be influenceed²⁺、K⁺And NO₃ ^-- N amount.Institute Acceleration soil erosion can be made with irrational pour water, the destruction of soil texture makes soil compaction, base cation leaching loss and soil Acidifying, opposite causes the soil salinization, alkalization etc..

The conventional Evaluation of Agriculture factor of 2 soil Agro-ecology overall merits：

Agroecology function has following 6 kinds：

(1) trophic function required for biology is provided.It is the Agro-ecology work(of the nutrient that plant available is utilized in soil Can, especially say their supply characteristic and productivity.(2) coordinate soil moisture, be used as the main of decision availability of soil water One of factor is that soil physics engineering properties is soil most important physical properties.(3) soil physics mechanical property is determined.(4) it is native Earth morphological character is decided by the stability of Soil Fertility Factors.(5) soil colloid is to determine soil to for preventing the pest and disease damage from being The height of the self-purification capacity of the agricultural chemicals of purpose.(6) soil-geological chemical functional is to determine soil to metal pollutant from net energy Power.

3 modern soil ecologies etc. are evaluated：

Carrying out soil ecology evaluation at present has following 5 kinds：

(1) determine to determine target -- soil function and ecological quality.(2) enough soil diagnosis indexs are formulated, but not It can exceed that scope.(target zone).(3) rational soil diagnosis Quantitative marking standard is selected.(4) soil life is carried out according to model Step response is evaluated.(5) it must be noted that local soil forming factor describes soil life to the formation of soil and the influence of the regularity of distribution Step response.

The application of 4 grassland soil degradation evaluation systems (Р А С К А З) provided in an embodiment of the present invention should observe following 6 Plant principle：

1. the framework tissue (framework) of system；2. explanation results are carried out using ecological method；3. the function of evaluation index Tissue (basic or part Agro-ecology function)；4. according to national evaluation index carry out to target Agro-ecological System comment Valency；5. with the adapting to target flexibility of natural and technical conditions；6. target restriction factor determination, i.e., local influence production and The determination of Agro-ecology restriction factor etc..

Following 3 programs are needed using soil ecology characteristic automation overall merit：

1. the determination of basic diagnosis index.2. the analysis of the Agro-ecology requirement required for local Main Cultivation crop.③ Form Plays estimate the Agro-ecology characteristic and cultivation technique required for local soil diagnosis index and crop production.

The step of estimation, is as follows：

1. evaluate the selection of target and improve the automation of identification.2. target initial data input.3. target it is former Evaluate the part of beginning data.4. target fundamental characteristics evaluation (the agroecology function of soil fertility, cropping system and anti- Pollution capacity).5. the evaluation on uniformity objective ground.6. the evaluation on complexity target ground, including evaluate area, boundary line and specific Target.

Soil ecology characteristic automation overall merit provided in an embodiment of the present invention has：

1. the soil ecology characteristic automation comprehensive evaluation model principle of key point is set up.2. set up and determine MAIN SOILS Diagnosis index.3. set up and determine that soil ecology characteristic automates basic standard, form and the computational methods of comprehensive evaluation model. 4. the description using soil diagnosis method accurate and flexible and the composition of analysis model, solve the analysis method of test data.5. root Application model scope is selected according to local concrete condition.

For a certain specific soil：

1. set up specific soil geographic location (coordinate) and 2. input obtained data.3. determine that the evaluation of standard refers to The analysis of mark, form and computational methods.Specially formulate the master data selected and be suitable for local soil ecology characteristic.4. material is analyzed Expect the drafting of design sketch.5. delete, preserve, work out, summarize, apply.

To a certain specific land assessment model：

Including 1. basic landform soil layer figure (1:100.000 and 1:200.000 figures)；2. present landuse map.Specific to The figure of 1000ha areas；3. middle-size and small-size geology and geomorphology figure；4. Zinc fractions figure.Including soil types and its agricultural use；5. agriculture Industry climatic chart；6. small miniature property soil strip map；

According to PACKA3 evaluate come data can draw following several figures：

Soil Agro-ecology performance plot.It includes pondage, storage carbon amounts, available nutrient content, soil-geological, agriculture chemistry Figure etc.；Soil restriction factor figure.Including soil degradation, soil self purification activity, soil pollution basic physical chemistry type, make heavily fortified point Hardening etc..

In grassland ecosystem, soil is the matrix and environment as plant growth, soil physics and chemical property pair There is most deep mechanism of action in plant community dynamics.Soil pH value, the content of organic matter and other nutritive element contents are showed Go out the interdependent characteristic of different degrees of phytobiocoenose, and decomposition of soil organic matter and dynamics of soil nutrients are made there is also significant With.The analysis shows that the nineteen eighty-twos such as Yao and 2003 change to the soil physico-chemical property on degeneration meadow, compared with before 21 years, meadow Soil pH value is raised, and water capacity have dropped 32.5%, and soil organic matter content reduces 5.5%, although total Phosphorus In Soil with Total nitrogen content is relatively stable, but also has a certain degree of change, and this result and result of the present invention are to maintain unified direction, but The degeneration scope of above index is higher in grassland in Xinjiang's soil.Existing analysis shows, the excessive trample and feeding of domestic animal, can Cause the droughtization on meadow, the deterioration of soil physico-chemical property and the reduction of fertility.King is to Leymus chinensis (Leymus Chinensis) the report on meadow, with the increase of grazing intensity, grassland soil moisture and content of organic matter reduction, and the soil weight Then it is stepped up with pH value.With animal trample act on enhancing, soil aperture distribution spatial framework change, soil it is total Porosity is reduced, soil weight increase.Prior art is to 3 kinds of different degree of degeneration grassland soil agrochemical properties and microbiota Report, after grassland degeneration, its soil fertility, soil microbe quantity and species increase and declined with degree of degeneration.

In terms of Desert Grassland degenerative character, Zhu's grade, woods etc. are main to different degraded stage Yi Li thin,tough silk wormwood artemisia Desert Grasslands Economic characters feature is investigated, and is as a result shown：Meadow by non-catagen phase succession to heavy-degraded and extreme degradation stage, Floristics composition, group's height, cover degree, productivity, the nutritive value on meadow there occurs a series of changes；Floristics subtracts Few, height, cover degree, productivity decline, and feeding value is in a deterioration process, and the domestic animal palatability for showing herbage is poor, Utilization rate is low, by the pasture such as good develop into low pasture.In terms of Desert Grassland degeneration monitoring, peace, Lee, Huang, time, Jin Denghe Ai Ke Baeyers etc. analyze Xinjiang Desert Grassland degeneration annidation situation using different mode and establish respective detection mould Type.Their result shows, in the case where herding pressure again for a long time, and north slop of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain's thin,tough silk wormwood artemisia shrubbery diversity and persistence are by subtracting Few edible forage species and phytomass, shortening stem, reduction shrubbery density increase shrubbery diameter, growth pattern of change branch etc. are come Respond severe grazing pressure.

The content of organic matter number be weigh prairie soil fertility height an important symbol, various nutrients it In, the amount of taking away more nutrient when nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of potassium are plant requirement and harvest.CEC substantially represent soil can Retainable nutrient quantity, it is the main source of soil buffer performance, is the important evidence of improved soil and the rational application of fertilizer.Soil Earth acid-base value influences also very big to nutrient availability.Soil humic acid contains some elements required for growth and development of plants, It can improve soil, increase fertility, wherein humic acid is carbon containing and the nitrogen a little higher than fulvic acid of quantity, is main group of agron Into composition, formation of the humic acid to soil texture plays an important role.Fulvic acid generally with 70 kinds or more mineral matter and Trace element, it possesses good dissolubility and mobility.According to calculating, since the nineteen eighty-three Second National overall survey of soil, The changing rule of each physicochemical property of Ili Prefecture prairie soil is obtained, content of organic matter reduction is obvious after 30 years, before 30 years 67.17g/kg is reduced to current 50.61g/kg, and rate of change is -24.65% degree for having reached gently degraded；Closely Xinjiang Yili of China typical case wipes Australian Dollar soil total N, P, K over 30 years, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available P, K contents change very it is also obvious that Its content have dropped 39.40%, 33.17%, 18.00%, 87.56%, 31.33%, -40.19% respectively, wherein full nitrogen and alkali The change for solving nitrogen content is especially pronounced.Soil C/N, pH value add 21.16% and 3.93% respectively, and cation exchange quantitative change Change is very big, and it have dropped 60.93%, it can be seen that current grassland in Xinjiang soil nutrient degree of degeneration is most severe, it is necessary to try every possible means Improve or recover prairie soil nutrient situation.Wherein in organic matter humic acid and fulvic acid content decline 36.90% respectively, 32.20%, CH/CF have dropped 6.45%, illustrate the content of not only organic matter and have downward trend, and the quality of humus It there has also been down trend unexpectedly.

The soil texture is one of soil physical properties.Soil texture situation is to draft Soil Utilization, management and ameliorative measure Important evidence.The soil weight illustrates the tightness and porosity status of soil, reflects water penetration, aeration and the plant of soil The resistance situation of root growth.Soil porosity size directly affects moisture and aeration status in soil, so as to have influence on ground The growth of upper plant.Field capacity is considered as that soil can stablize the highest soil moisture content kept, field for a long time Growth of the height of water-holding capacity to vegetation is significant.Soil sand grains and silt content have since the table 1,30 years Different degrees of increase, especially sand grain content increase it is obvious that respectively reached 72.27% and 12.03%, have reached In partially heavy-degraded degree, illustrate that the retain water and nutrients ability of soil is greatly reduced；And soil clay particle content subtracts Few, its rate of change before and after 30 years is -56.25%.The soil weight and proportion increase, and wherein changing bulk density is larger, change Rate is 45.70%, and the rate of change of proportion is 7.30%, and total porosity declines -19.03%, field capacity have dropped - 8.42%.

Table 1, Xinjiang Yili of China typical grassland soils physical-mechanical properties rate of change

Table 2 is Russian state-run Ji meter Ya Nuofu agriculture universities edaphology Head of the Teaching and Research Section professor doctoral advisor watt The experts such as Xi Nuofu I.I and soil agrochemistry system of Cao Huan institutes of Xinjiang Agricultural Univ professor doctoral advisor's Ai Ke Baeyers she The brainstrusts such as flood are drawn to be commented by the soil ecology performance degradation depending on being discussed after two countries' grassland soil on-site inspection and lab analysis The interim index of valency, result above is evaluated according to this index.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims

1. a kind of grassland soil degradation evaluation method, it is characterised in that the grassland soil degradation evaluation method includes：

Evaluate the selection of target and improve the automation of identification：In the automation of the kind identification for evaluating target, pass through monitoring The geological image collector of video display unit obtains the image of grassland soil degeneration geological stratification；Pass through monitor video display unit Built-in ambiguity evaluation module obtains the image of the grassland soil degeneration geological stratification of geological image collector transmission, and calculates filter Image statistics ratio after wavefront；Pass through the fuzziness adjusting module built in monitor video display unit and ambiguity evaluation mould Block is connected, and adjustment original image fuzziness draws final image and image blur evaluation index；Utilize ambiguity evaluation module, mould Paste degree adjusting module includes to image blur evaluation method：

Step 2, image gray processing, for convenience of the edge extracting of image, R, G, B using RGB image in Digital Image Processing are each Coloured image is converted into gray level image by the pixel value of individual passage with the transformational relation of gray level image pixel value, and formula is as follows：

Gray=R*0.3+G*0.59+B*0.11；

Step 3, Edge extraction, using the Roberts operator edge detections technical role in digital image processing method in Gray level image obtains the edge of image, and different detective operators have different edge detection templates, according to specific formwork calculation Intersect the difference of pixel as current pixel value, it is as follows using template：

E (i, j)=| F (i, j)-F (i+1, j+1) |+| F (i+1, j)-F (i, j+1) |；

Step 4, image procossing is filtered processing to gray level image to construct image to be evaluated using high pass/low pass filter Reference picture, using 3*3 mean filters, using each pixel of Filtering Template traversing graph picture, template center is placed in every time Current pixel, the average value of all pixels is newly worth as current pixel using in template, and template is as follows：

<mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>9</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&times;</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>1</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>

Step 5, image border statistical information is calculated, and respective edge half-tone information, filtering process before and after image filtering are calculated respectively Preceding image F statistical informations to be evaluated are that the reference picture F2 statistical informations after sum_orig, filtering process are sum_filter, Specific formula for calculation is as follows：

<mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>o</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>

<mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mo>_</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo>|</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>

Step 6, image blur index is calculated, the ratio for the image filtering front and rear edges grey-level statistics that step 5 is drawn Value is as fuzziness index, for convenience of evaluating, and takes larger for denominator, and less is molecule, keep the value between (0,1) it Between；

Step 7, a corresponding fuzziness indication range [min, max] is drawn according to the DMOS scopes of the best visual effect, tool Body is：

Fuzziness adjusting range is drawn, 174 width Gaussian modes in LIVE2 are evaluated using the ambiguity evaluation method in above-mentioned steps Image is pasted, their own ambiguity evaluation value is calculated, is then set up and evaluated using fitting tool plot (value, DMOS) Mapping relations between value value and DMOS, show that corresponding one obscures according to the corresponding DMOS scopes of the best visual effect Evaluation of estimate scope [min, max]；

Step 8, image blur adjustment, if image blur index is less than min, according to step 6, before and after judging image filtering Change is very big, and original image is excessively sharpened, then is filtered adjustment using low pass filter；If more than max, judging before image filtering After vary less, original image excessively obscure, then adjustment is filtered using high-pass filter, to reach more preferably visual effect；

Step 9, draws final image and the image blur evaluation index；

Target initial data input：Target initial data pass through the signal acquisition module built in monitor video display unit Receive the final image ambiguity evaluation indication information drawn；Signal acquisition module in the reception,

First, the awareness apparatus inlayed with signal acquisition module is adopted within the independent sampling period to echo signal x (t) Collection, and digital quantization is carried out to signal with A/D modes；Then, dimensionality reduction is carried out to the signal x (i) after quantization；Finally, to dimensionality reduction Signal afterwards is reconstructed；Wherein t is sampling instant, and i is the signal sequence after quantifying；

Dimensionality reduction is carried out to the signal after quantization, is specifically the difference side that finite impulse response filter is passed through to the signal after quantization JourneyWherein h (0) ..., h (L-1) are filter coefficient, are designed based on filtering Compressed sensing signal acquisition framework, constructs following Teoplitz calculation matrix：

Then observeWherein b₁,…,b_LRegard filter coefficient as；Submatrix Φ_FT's Singular value is gram matrix G (Φ_F, T) and=Φ '_FTΦ_FTThe arithmetic root of characteristic value, checking G (Φ F, T) all eigenvalue λ i ∈(1-δ_K,1+δ_K), i=1 ..., T, then Φ_FRIP is met, and by solvingOptimization problem is reconstructed Original signal；Original signal, that is, BP algorithm are reconstructed by linear programming method；

Target initial data part evaluate；

Target fundamental characteristics evaluation：Target in the evaluation of fundamental characteristics, pass through the mesh built in monitor video display unit The evaluation module of mark ground fundamental characteristics uses frequency number analysis, and the indices being evaluated are degenerated by evaluate collection to grassland soil Degree of danger is graded, and obtains the degree of membership of set of factors；Target the evaluation module of fundamental characteristics be determined judge and be subordinate to Matrix：

By the relative defects matrix for obtaining k-th of set of factors：

Wherein：

In formula：R_kThe relative defects matrix of-k-th set of factors；

Construct fuzzy matrix for assessment：

<mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mover> <mi>W</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow>

Calculate Comprehensive Evaluation result：

Z=BV

The result of fuzzy overall evaluation is arrived as available from the above equation, is provided further according to opinion rating, and evaluation is more in grassland soil degeneration The dangerous size of factor failure；And shown by the display of monitor video display unit；

The evaluation on uniformity objective ground；

The evaluation on polygamy target ground：Letter is obtained by the evaluation processing module on the polygamy target ground built in monitor video display unit Number, and the sensor gathered data inlayed by the evaluation processing module on polygamy target ground and that processing is amplified to signal is laggard Row is evaluated；Then average, variance, the accumulated value of signal and the basic time domain parameter of peak value 4 are extracted in every segment signal, is passed through The difference of 4 parameter values of adjacent segment signal determines whether that doubtful abnormal situation occurs；Wavelet packet is down performed if having Denoising, no person jumps to and holds acquisition signals step；Recycle the signal progress denoising for improving Wavelet Packet Algorithm to collection；Recycle Improve Wavelet Packet Algorithm and WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION and reconstruct are carried out to the signal of collection, obtain list band reconstruction signal；From the list of reconstruct Extracted in subband signal：Time domain energy, time domain peak, frequency domain energy, frequency domain peak value, coefficient of kurtosis, variance, frequency spectrum and deflection system The parameter of 8 expression signal characteristics of number；Using principal component analytical method, selection 3 to 8 can substantially represent miscellaneous from above-mentioned parameter Property target ground feature parameter composition characteristic vector, and by these characteristic vectors be input to SVMs carry out decision-making sentence It is disconnected, abnormal generation is determined whether according to the output of SVMs.

2. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the wavelet packet denoising and wavelet packet Decomposition and reconstruction includes：

Eliminate list band un-necessary frequency composition；

By the signal after continuation with decomposing low pass filter h₀Convolution, obtains low frequency coefficient, then by HF-cut-IF operators at Reason, removes unnecessary frequency content, then carries out down-sampling, obtains next layer of low frequency coefficient；By the signal after continuation and decomposition High-pass filter g₀Convolution, obtains high frequency coefficient, then by the processing of LF-cut-IF operators, removes unnecessary frequency content, then Down-sampling is carried out, next layer of high frequency coefficient is obtained, shown in HF-cut-IF operators such as formula (2), LF-cut-IF operators such as formula (3) institute Show；

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The method of list band signal reconstruct includes：

Obtained high and low frequency coefficient is up-sampled, then respectively with high pass reconstruction filter g₁With low-pass reconstruction filter h₁ Convolution, obtained signal is handled with HF-cut-IF, LF-cut-IF operator respectively, obtains list band reconstruction signal.

3. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the target fundamental characteristics comment Valency includes agroecology functional evaluation, the evaluation of cropping system and the evaluation of contamination resistance of soil fertility.

4. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the evaluation bag on the polygamy target ground Include evaluation area, boundary line and objectives evaluation.

5. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that

The evaluation of agroecology function includes：

Determine soil function and the measure target of ecological quality；

Enough soil diagnosis indexs are formulated, but no more than target zone；

Select rational soil diagnosis Quantitative marking standard；

6. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the soil ecology characteristic includes storage Water, storage carbon amounts, available nutrient content, soil-geological, agriculture chemistry.

7. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the soil ecology characteristic also includes Soil restriction factor；The soil restriction factor includes soil degradation, soil self purification activity, the basic physical chemistry of soil pollution Type.

8. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the evaluation bag on uniformity objective ground Include：

Set up specific soil geographic location or coordinate；

The obtained data of input；

The drafting of analysis of material design sketch；

Delete, preserve, work out, summarize, apply.

9. grassland soil degradation evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the grassland soil degradation evaluation side Method also includes the evaluation of upper soll layer power.