CN107219345A - A kind of honeycomb fashion hopper determined for sludge specific resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a honeycomb metering cylinder used for measuring sludge specific resistance, which belongs to the field of metering technology. In order to be able to filter at a constant pressure and to measure accurate values, the measuring cylinder includes a main cylinder placed on a test bench, several The sub-tube set inside the main tube, the Buchner funnel set on the upper part of the main tube and the hose set below the Buchner funnel; the bottom of the Buchner funnel is inserted into the main tube, and the filter paper and the dirt used for testing are placed in the Buchner funnel. mud. The invention is simple and easy to operate, and has good operability, which realizes the need to maintain constant pressure filtration and ensure the accuracy and accuracy of the filtrate degree during the specific resistance measurement process, and can meet the measurement requirements of various types of sludge specific resistance .

Description

A Honeycomb Metering Cylinder Used for Determination of Sludge Specific Resistance

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metering, and relates to a metering cylinder, in particular to a honeycomb metering cylinder for measuring sludge specific resistance.

Background technique

With the rapid increase of sludge in sewage treatment plants, the problem of sludge treatment and disposal has gradually become the focus and difficulty of various sewage treatment units. "Sewage Sludge Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GJ3025-1993) clearly stipulates that the sludge of urban sewage treatment plants after stabilization treatment in the plant should be dehydrated, and the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge should be less than 80%.

An important index to measure the performance of sludge filtration and dehydration is sludge specific resistance, whose physical meaning is: the resistance of a unit mass of sludge on a unit filtration area when it is filtered under a certain pressure. The greater the sludge specific resistance, the worse the filtration performance. The function of sludge specific resistance is to compare the filtration performance of different sludges (or the same sludge with different amounts of mixture added), so as to provide a reference for sludge dehydration.

Sludge specific resistance measuring devices are widely used in universities and research institutes, and their performance determines the accuracy of sludge specific resistance measurement. In practice, the experimental device often has shortcomings such as frequent stoppage of the car and large measurement errors, especially the metering cylinder of the key device. Since the volume of the sludge filtrate corresponding to different times needs to be recorded during the experiment, the physical filtration must be recorded during the process. Only when the equipment is stopped can the values be accurately recorded, but the theoretical calculation requires the physical filtration pressure to be a fixed value, so there is a contradiction between the two, which is the bottleneck of the unsatisfactory effects of the equipment seen so far.

In terms of patents, Yan Jiakuan et al. (2012) authorized a multi-connected sludge specific resistance measuring device, which is characterized by the ability to conduct experiments in multiple groups at the same time, which improves the efficiency of experiments, and is more suitable for simultaneous experimental teaching of multiple groups of students in colleges and universities. However, multiple groups of metering cylinders share the same suction filter equipment, which is likely to cause inconsistent experimental pressure (fluid loss along the way) and the disadvantages of all damage, which reduces the efficiency.

Huang Zhongchen et al. (2012) disclosed a single specific resistance measuring device, which is mainly characterized by the use of centrifugal filtration, which avoids the instability problem of vacuum filtration, and the centrifugal equipment is opened at a constant speed during the process, which ensures the key of constant pressure filtration. Conditions, but there is still the problem of unstable filtrate degree.

Zhu Xiaolin et al. (2013) disclosed a single specific resistance measurement device, which is mainly characterized by the use of stroke extrusion filtration, which still does not solve the problem of filtrate degree, and the equipment and process are relatively complicated, which is not conducive to being used as a general-purpose sludge specific resistance measurement device. device.

Ouyang Zhuozhi et al. (2016) applied for a two-unit specific resistance measurement device. Its main feature is the use of manual piston rod pressure filtration and the ability to flexibly adjust the height of each device. It can be used as a portable specific resistance measurement assembly. However, there is no clear statement on the source and size of the filtration pressure.

The existing technology or equipment is mainly concerned with the style and type selection of the metering cylinder device and the selection of the type of filtration pressure. Although the specific resistance experiment process can be realized, and the constant pressure filtration can basically be maintained, the accuracy and accuracy of the experiment are difficult to guarantee. . Because the specific resistance test requires not only the constant pressure filtration, but also the volume of the sludge filtrate corresponding to different moments in the filtration process, the existing device, whether it is a single device measurement or a multi-unit measurement device, uses the same specific resistance measurement for a single time. Metering cylinder, so the main disadvantages of existing devices are as follows:

(1) Due to constant pressure filtration, the filtrate is always in the process of suction and dripping, and the filtrate page is always in a disturbed state, resulting in inaccurate or even large errors in the filtrate volume at each moment;

(2) Since it is to undertake the filtrate in the whole filtration process, the measuring cylinder is required to have a larger cylinder diameter. Even if the filtrate dripping speed and the disturbance to the liquid level gradually decrease in the later stage of filtration, the accuracy of the reading cannot be reflected.

Contents of the invention

Based on the above deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a honeycomb metering cylinder for sludge specific resistance measurement, which has the characteristics of constant pressure filtration and accurate measurement values.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A honeycomb metering cylinder for the determination of sludge specific resistance, the metering cylinder includes a main cylinder placed on a test bench, several sub-tubes arranged inside the main cylinder, a Buchner funnel arranged on the upper part of the main cylinder and a The hose below the Buchner funnel; the lower part of the Buchner funnel is inserted into the main cylinder, and the filter paper and the sludge for testing are placed in the Buchner funnel.

The main cylinder is a hollow cylindrical structure. The main cylinder includes a cylinder body and a cylinder cover arranged on the upper part of the cylinder body. The cylinder cover is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom of the Buchner funnel is inserted into the main cylinder through the feeding port. The lower part of the Buchner funnel is provided with a rubber cork. The rubber cork has a tapered structure, and the rubber cork is provided with a through hole, and the bottom of the Buchner funnel is inserted into the main cylinder through the through hole. The sub-tube is a cylindrical structure, its radius is much smaller than that of the main tube, and the wall of the sub-tube is provided with graduation marks. Both the main tube and the sub-tube are made of transparent materials. Several sub-tubes are arranged in a circular shape inside the main tube, the center of the ring coincides with the axis of the main tube, the axis of the sub-tubes is parallel to the axis of the main tube, and the axis of each sub-tube is equal to the axis of the main tube. The distance between two adjacent sub-tubes is equal. A suction filter is provided on the cylinder wall of the main cylinder.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: according to the requirements of stable pressure and stable and accurate liquid level in the process of measuring sludge specific resistance, the present invention adopts honeycomb design for the measuring cylinder of the key device, and a plurality of sub-cylinders are installed in one main cylinder to keep the whole cylinder Under the premise of a certain filtration pressure of the body (that is, good airtightness), manually rotate the water outlet, and rotate it to the top of the sub-tube at the moment that needs to be recorded. After the experiment is over, the degrees of each sub-tube can be read separately, providing accurate numerical basis for the experiment.

Description of drawings

The following is a brief description of the content expressed in the drawings of this specification and the marks in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front view of the honeycomb metering cylinder that the specific embodiment of the present invention is used for the determination of sludge specific resistance;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the honeycomb type metering cylinder that the specific embodiment of the present invention is used for sludge specific resistance measurement;

Among them, 1. main tube; 2. sub-tube; 3. Buchner funnel; 4. hose; 5. rubber plug; 6. suction filter.

detailed description

Through the description of the embodiments, the specific implementation of the present invention includes the shape and structure of each component involved, the mutual position and connection relationship between each part, the function and working principle of each part, the manufacturing process and the operation and use method, etc. , to provide further detailed descriptions to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concepts and technical solutions of the present invention.

The invention provides a honeycomb metering cylinder for the measurement of sludge specific resistance. The measuring cylinder includes a main cylinder 1 placed on a test bench, several sub-tubes 2 arranged inside the main cylinder 1, and a plurality of sub-tubes arranged on the upper part of the main cylinder. The Buchner funnel 3 and the hose 4 arranged below the Buchner funnel 3. Filter paper and sludge are placed in the Buchner funnel 3 .

The main cylinder 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure. The main cylinder 1 includes a cylinder body and a cylinder cover arranged on the upper part of the cylinder body. In order to allow the measured substance to enter the interior of the main cylinder 1, a feed port is provided on the cylinder cover. , the bottom of the Buchner funnel 3 is inserted into the inside of the main cylinder 1 through the feed port. In order to ensure the airtightness of the main cylinder 1, a rubber cork 5 is provided on the outside of the bottom of the Buchner funnel 3, and the rubber cork 5 is a cone. The rubber cork 5 is provided with a through hole, the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the axis of the through hole coincides with the axis of the main cylinder 1, the bottom of the Buchner funnel 3 is inserted into the interior of the main cylinder 1 through the through hole, and the Buchner funnel 3. It can rotate freely around the axis of the through hole in the through hole, and the soft rubber plug 5 blocks the feeding port to keep it airtight.

The sub-tube 2 is a cylindrical structure with a radius much smaller than that of the main tube 1. There are scale marks on the wall of the sub-tube 2. For the convenience of users to observe, the main tube 1 and the sub-tube 2 are made of transparent materials. Made, preferably made of glass or polymer material. Several sub-tubes 2 are arranged in a circular shape inside the main tube 1. The center of the ring coincides with the axis of the main tube 1. The axis of the sub-tubes 2 is parallel to the axis of the main tube 1. The axis of each sub-tube 2 is at a distance from the axis of the main tube 1. The axes are equal, and the distance between any two adjacent sub-tubes 2 is equal. The preferred number of sub-tubes 2 is six. The length of the hose 4 is greater than the distance between the axis of the sub-tube 2 and the axis of the main tube 1 . One end of the hose 4 is fixedly connected to the lower outlet of the Buchner funnel 3, and the angle between the hose 4 and the axis of the Buchner funnel 3 is an obtuse angle. The position where the hose 4 is after the Buchner funnel 3 rotates.

In order to be able to carry out constant-pressure suction filtration experiments, the cylinder wall of the main cylinder 1 is provided with a suction filter 6, and the suction filter 6 is determined by pumping the inside of the main cylinder 1 through a second hose externally connected to a suction filter device. The pressure inside the main cylinder 1.

The sub-tubes 2 are placed inside the main tube 1, and the number of sub-tubes 2 can be increased or decreased according to the different filtration properties of the sludge. The rubber cork 5 is set at the funnel neck of the Buchner funnel 3, and then the Buchner funnel 3 can rotate freely (counterclockwise or clockwise), which ensures the airtightness of the whole experimental process, that is, constant pressure filtration all the time. Set the positions of the sub-tubes 2 in an equal-radius array. When the Buchner funnel 3 is turned, the stop position of the hose 4 is always directly above the opening of each sub-tube 2 at each moment without interfering with each other, which improves the accuracy of the filtrate volume reading . The cylinder diameter of a single sub-tube 2 is small, which improves the accuracy of filtrate volume reading. The invention is simple and easy to operate, and has good operability, which realizes the need to maintain constant pressure filtration and ensure the accuracy and accuracy of the filtrate degree during the specific resistance measurement process, and can meet the measurement requirements of various types of sludge specific resistance .

Embodiment: The present invention mainly involves the use of a metering cylinder to complete the data acquisition of the specific resistance measurement. The external pressure can be selected according to the actual needs of different types of vacuum pump equipment as the suction filter device.

Implementation process: (1) Check the airtightness of the measuring cylinder. First check whether the pipeline of the external suction filter is complete, whether the rubber plug 5 seals the funnel neck of the Buchner funnel 3 and the main cylinder 1, and lay the filter paper of appropriate specifications on the Buchner funnel 3. The filter paper should be the diameter of the Buchner funnel 3 Match and cover all the leaks of Buchner funnel 3, spray a small amount of distilled water with a watering can to moisten the filter paper, and start the external vacuum pump for about 2 seconds. If the filter paper is found to be tightly attached quickly, the airtightness is good.

(2) Adjust the experimental pressure. Under the premise of airtightness, the suction filtration pressure is obtained by adjusting the valve of the suction filter 6, the value is about 1/3 smaller than the experimental pressure, and it is recommended to be greater than 0.04Mpa, because no sludge has been added at this time, and the pressure of the entire experimental cycle is about 1/3 lower than the experimental pressure. After the sludge is added, the pressure displayed by the vacuum pump is a unique value. After the pressure is determined, it cannot be changed throughout the experiment period.

(3) Obtain data. Under the premise of airtightness, rotate the Buchner funnel 3 so that the hose 4 is located above any sub-tube 2, add 100mL of experimental sludge into the Buchner funnel 3, start the vacuum pump, and follow the preset interval time corresponding to At time t _i (every 10 s or 15 s when the filtration starts, and every 30 s or 60 s after the filtration rate slows down), record the corresponding filtrate volume v _i in the sub-tube 2 . At each time t _i , quickly rotate (clockwise or counterclockwise, as long as the airtightness is maintained) the Buchner funnel 3 makes the hose 4 above the adjacent sub-tube 2, and rotates until the last one is filtered. sub-tube 2. In general, the specific resistance can be calculated by selecting the six moments t _i corresponding to the six sub-tubes 2v _i (if not enough, it can be solved by increasing the number of sub-tubes).

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are adopted in the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or there is no improvement Directly applying the conception and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions falls within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of honeycomb fashion hopper determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The hopper includes being placed on testing stand On main cylinder (1), some are arranged on the internal auxiliary cylinder (2) of main cylinder (1), are arranged on the Buchner funnel (3) on main cylinder (1) top and set Put the flexible pipe (4) below Buchner funnel (3)；The lower section of Buchner funnel (3) is inserted puts in main cylinder (1) inside, Buchner funnel (3) Filter paper and the sludge of test are put, the barrel of the main cylinder (1) is provided with suction filtration mouth (6).

2. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 1 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The main cylinder (1) it is hollow columnar structures, main cylinder (1) includes cylinder and is arranged on the cover on cylinder top, and the cover is provided with charging Mouthful, main cylinder (1) inside is inserted in the lower section of Buchner funnel (3) by charging aperture.

3. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 1 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The Bu Shi leakages The lower outer of bucket (3) is provided with rubber cork (5).

4. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 3 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The rubber is soft It is pyramidal structure to fill in (5), and rubber cork (5) is provided with through hole, and the lower section of Buchner funnel (3) is inserted in main cylinder (1) through through hole Portion.

5. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 1 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The auxiliary cylinder (2) it is cylindrical-shaped structure, its radius is much smaller than the radius of main cylinder (1), and the barrel of auxiliary cylinder (2) is provided with graduation mark.

6. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 1 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The main cylinder And auxiliary cylinder (2) is that transparent material is made (1).

7. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 1 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：Described in several The center of circle that auxiliary cylinder (2) arranges annulus inside the main cylinder (1) in annular is overlapped with the axis of main cylinder (1), the axis of auxiliary cylinder (2) and The diameter parallel of main cylinder (1), the axis of the main cylinder of axial line distance (1) of each auxiliary cylinder (2) is equal, the adjacent auxiliary cylinder of any two (2) The distance between it is equal.

8. the honeycomb fashion hopper according to claim 2 determined for sludge specific resistance, it is characterised in that：The main cylinder (1) cylinder barrel is provided with suction filtration mouth (6).