CN107218618B - Comprehensive utilization system and method for flue gas waste heat - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization system and method for flue gas waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN107218618B CN107218618B CN201710408703.1A CN201710408703A CN107218618B CN 107218618 B CN107218618 B CN 107218618B CN 201710408703 A CN201710408703 A CN 201710408703A CN 107218618 B CN107218618 B CN 107218618B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/16—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour
- F22B1/167—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour using an organic fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization system of flue gas waste heat, which comprises at least two groups of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, wherein each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices comprises a boiler, a tail flue, an air preheater, a dry dust remover, a first induced draft fan, a flue gas cooler, a wet desulfurization tower, a phase-change condensation heat exchanger, a second induced draft fan, a flue gas reheater and a chimney which are sequentially connected, and the phase-change condensation heat exchanger, the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater are respectively provided with a phase-change condensation heat exchange module, a flue gas cooling heat exchange module and a flue gas reheating heat exchange module which are respectively connected in parallel. The invention also discloses a method for treating flue gas by using the system. The invention has simple structure, and simultaneously realizes the aims of high-efficiency dust removal, water recovery, heat efficiency improvement and white smoke elimination of the flue gas of the power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection of coal-fired power plants, and particularly relates to a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system and a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization method.
Background
At present, coal is taken as a main form of energy in China, a large amount of particles can be generated by combustion, although dust removing equipment is additionally arranged on a tail flue of a boiler and an industrial boiler of the existing coal-fired power plant, and the domestic mature treatment method comprises mechanical dust removal, electric dust removal, filtration dust removal and wet dust removal, the traditional equipment has poor removal effect on fine particles, especially the particles with the particle size distribution of 0.1-2 mu m, and the fine particles are not easy to deposit in the atmosphere, so that haze is easy to cause, the atmospheric environment is damaged, the human health is damaged, and the ultra-low emission policy of the coal-fired power plant from the state cannot be met. At present, the development direction of the fine particulate matter control technology mainly aims at enabling the fine particulate matter to be removed after the fine particulate matter is aggregated and grown through physical or chemical actions. The basic principle of agglomeration is to utilize the external field actions of sound field, electric field and magnetic field, etc. and spray a small quantity of chemical agglomeration agent into flue gas to promote effective collision contact between fine particles so as to promote agglomeration and growth, and utilize saturated water vapor to make nuclear coagulation and growth on the surface of fine particles.
The sound wave agglomeration is to increase the collision rate of the medium-micron and submicron particles through a high-intensity sound field, so that the particles are further agglomerated and grown; electrocoagulation is to increase collision and agglomeration effects among particles by charging fine particles and reaching the surfaces of other larger particles in an electrophoresis manner; the magnetic agglomeration is that fine particles are magnetized under the magnetic field force, and the fine particles are collided and clustered together under the relative motion of the magnetic field gradient force; the chemical agglomeration is to agglomerate and grow fine particles by adding an adsorbent. However, the technology has high investment and operation cost, high operation energy consumption, complex system configuration and possible secondary pollution. Therefore, the dust removal technology with stable system, high efficiency and energy saving is a development trend of energy saving and environmental protection at the present stage.
Meanwhile, the tail flue of the domestic coal-fired boiler generally has the problem of higher exhaust gas temperature, the temperature of the outlet flue gas of the wet desulfurization system is 50-55 ℃, wherein water vapor accounts for 12-18%, and the flue gas is in a saturated or supersaturated state. If the waste water is directly discharged into the environment through a chimney, the waste of water resources can be caused, the thermal economy of a power station is affected, a large amount of white smoke can be formed, and the image of a power plant is affected. GGH widely used can raise the smoke exhaust temperature to eliminate white smoke, but the smoke still contains a small amount of SO after passing through a desulfurizing tower 2 、SO 3 At this time, the temperature is lower than the acid dew point, serious low-temperature corrosion of metal can occur, and dust in the flue gas is easy to scale on the surface of a metal heat exchanger, so GGH is gradually eliminated.
The coal-fired power plant is required to achieve the effects of high-efficiency dust removal, water recovery and white smoke elimination at the same time, three sets of different equipment are needed for a single unit, the number of the equipment needed by a plurality of units is huge, the total investment is huge, the running cost is high, and the system design is complex. Therefore, the research design of the multi-unit collaborative integrated circulation system with simple system, low energy consumption rate and convenient operation has great practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the complexity of the environment-friendly energy-saving system in the current stage, the invention aims to provide a smoke waste heat comprehensive utilization system and a smoke waste heat comprehensive utilization method for efficiently removing dust, recycling water, improving the heat efficiency of a power plant and eliminating the white smoke of a chimney.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, includes two at least groups flue gas waste heat utilization device, flue gas waste heat utilization device including boiler, afterbody flue, air heater, dry dust remover, first draught fan, flue gas cooler, wet flue gas desulfurizing tower, phase transition condensation heat exchanger, second draught fan, flue gas reheat ware and chimney that connect gradually, phase transition condensation heat exchanger, flue gas cooler, flue gas reheat ware be provided with phase transition condensation heat exchange module, flue gas cooling heat exchange module and flue gas reheat heat exchange module respectively, characterized in that each group the import of phase transition condensation heat exchange module parallel connection to normal atmospheric temperature salt removal water tank's export, each group the export of phase transition condensation heat exchange module parallel connection to the first import of salt removal water header, each group the import of flue gas cooling heat exchange module parallel connection to the first import of deaerator, the first export of flue gas cooling heat exchange module parallel connection to the first import of reheat ware, the first export of the reheat ware with the boiler give water import connection, each group the parallel connection of the import of the flue gas reheat heat exchange module to the second import of salt removal water header.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the normal temperature desalting water tank is connected with the first inlet of the desalting water header in parallel through a normal temperature desalting water tank bypass.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the wet desulfurization tower is connected with the bottom of the phase-change condensation heat exchanger through a desulfurization pit.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heat exchange tubes of the phase-change condensation heat exchanger, the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater are made of PTFE.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heat exchange tubes of the phase-change condensation heat exchanger are arranged in a U shape and staggered; the heat exchange pipes of the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater are arranged in a U shape and are arranged in sequence.
The invention also discloses a method for treating the flue gas by using the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, the flue gas sequentially passes through the boiler, the tail flue, the air preheater, the dry dust remover, the first induced draft fan, the flue gas cooler and the wet desulfurization tower of each group of devices, then enters the phase-change condensation heat exchanger, the desalted water is heated to rise in temperature after exchanging heat with the desalted water, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the condensation phase change of saturated wet flue gas condenses water vapor on the surface of fine particles, thermophoresis and diffusion swimming are simultaneously generated, the fine particles migrate, mutually collide and contact and are continuously long and then are collected through the surface of the heat exchange tube, finally, under the action of gravity, the flue gas is communicated to the pit of the desulfurization tower along with flowing liquid film through the water collecting device, and the dust concentration in the flue gas is reduced to 5mg/Nm 3 The method is characterized in that after the desalted water after heat exchange intensively enters the desalted water header from the first inlets of the desalted water header through the outlets of the plurality of parallel phase-change condensation heat exchange modules, a part of the desalted water is split into a plurality of parallel flue gas coolers as secondary cold sources to be further heated by the flue gas, so that the temperature of the desalted water is increased to more than 100 ℃, and then the desalted water is converged to the deaerator through the first inlets of the deaerator; and part of the high-temperature desalted water in the deaerator enters the boiler water supply system through a first outlet of the deaerator, and the other part of the high-temperature desalted water is shunted to a plurality of parallel flue gas reheaters through a second outlet of the deaerator to be heated, and then enters a desalted water header for circulation.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, a demineralized water header bypass is arranged on the demineralized water header, the demineralized water header is connected with the first inlet of the deaerator in parallel through the demineralized water header bypass, and after the demineralized water subjected to heat exchange enters the demineralized water header from the first inlet of the demineralized water header through the outlets of the plurality of parallel phase-change condensation heat exchange modules in a concentrated manner, a part of demineralized water directly enters the deaerator through the first inlet of the deaerator through the demineralized water header bypass.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, a steam auxiliary heating inlet is arranged on the deaerator, when the flue gas is reheated in the flue gas reheater, if the temperature of the flue gas is not higher than 80 ℃, the steam auxiliary heating inlet is opened to heat desalted water, then the flow of desalted water is distributed according to the working condition of each unit, and the flue gas after cooling, dedusting and dehumidifying is heated.
As a preferable embodiment of the invention, the initial temperature of the desalted water is 10-20 ℃ and the flow rate is 100-200 t/h.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flow rate of the flue gas is 100000 ～ 600000Nkm 3 /h。
The invention provides a smoke waste heat comprehensive utilization system, which mainly comprises the steps that desalted water is provided by a desalted water production workshop and enters a normal-temperature desalted water tank to be respectively supplied to phase-change condensation heat exchangers of each unit, wet smoke after desulfurization is condensed and dedusted, dust flows into a desulfurization trench along with condensate water through a condensate water outlet to be reused, after the desalted water is heated, the dust is concentrated into a desalted water header, a part of the desalted water respectively enters a smoke cooler of each unit, a part of the desalted water directly flows into a deaerator, the desalted water respectively enters the smoke cooler of each unit and is heated again and then is concentrated into the deaerator, one outlet of the deaerator is connected with a boiler water supply system, the other outlet of the deaerator is connected with a smoke reheater of each unit to reheat smoke, if the temperature of the desalted water cannot reach the minimum temperature for eliminating white smoke of a chimney, the desalted water is heated by steam assistance, and the purified smoke is concentrated again into the desalted water header for recycling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the core equipment of the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system is a phase change condensation heat exchanger, a flue gas cooler and a flue gas reheater, the three equipment are all tubular heat exchangers, the flue body is used as a heat exchanger shell, the production process is the same, the modularized production can be realized, the working principle is the same, the system structure is simple, and the installation is convenient.
2. The flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system takes the desalted water as a heat carrier, comprehensively utilizes the flue gas waste heat of a plurality of units in a whole plant, can comprehensively allocate and recycle the heat energy according to different unit working conditions, realizes flue gas dust removal, water recovery and chimney white smoke elimination of the whole plant, improves the appearance image of a coal-fired power plant, saves water resources, reduces dust emission concentration, efficiently utilizes the flue gas waste heat, ensures that the temperature of the desalted water entering a boiler water supply system is above 100 ℃, and greatly improves the heat efficiency of the whole plant.
3. In the operation process of the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, if single equipment fails, the single equipment can be isolated independently, the whole system is not affected, the operation is flexible, the energy consumption rate is low, no waste water or waste gas is generated, and no secondary pollution is caused.
4. The heat exchange tube of the smoke waste heat comprehensive utilization system can well solve the problems of scale formation, blockage and scouring of a metal heat exchanger, has ageing resistance, corrosion resistance, low maintenance cost and long service life of 20 years, and plays roles of saving energy and improving the safety and reliability of a boiler.
5. The flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system of the invention recovers water while absorbing the flue gas waste heat, and efficiently removes fine particles, mercury and SO in the flue gas 3 The pollutants such as aerosol and the like further purify the flue gas to remove the pollutants, the treated clean flue gas does not contain mercury and other heavy metals, and the dust emission is lower than 4.2mg/Nm 3 The dust particle size is below 1.0 μm, and sulfur dioxide content is 10mg/Nm 3 The nitrogen oxide content was below 10mg/Nm 3 The following is given.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a demineralized water workflow of the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system in a single unit.
Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of the phase change condensation heat exchanger, the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater in a single unit of the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single module of the phase-change condensation heat exchanger, the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater of the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system.
In the figure, 1 is a normal temperature desalting water tank, 2 is a phase change condensation heat exchanger, 3 is a normal temperature desalting water tank bypass, 4 is a desalting water header, 5 is a flue gas cooler, 6 is a desalting water header bypass, 7 is a steam auxiliary heating inlet, 8 is a deaerator, 9 is a flue gas reheater, 10 is a boiler, 11 is a tail flue, 12 is an air preheater, 13 is a dry dust remover, 14 is a first induced draft fan, 15 is a wet desulfurization tower, 16 is a desulfurization pit, 17 is a chimney, 18 is a heat exchange module inlet, 19 is a heat exchange module outlet, 20 is a bridge bend, 21 is an automatic cleaning spray system, 22 is a tube plate flower disc, 23 is a heat exchange tube, 24 is a water collecting device, 25 is a second induced draft fan, 2-1 is a phase change condensation heat exchange module, 5-1 is a flue gas cooling heat exchange module, and 9-1 is a flue gas reheating heat module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and examples, which are provided for illustration only and not to limit the scope of the claims, other alternatives which can be conceived by a person skilled in the art being within the scope of the claims.
As shown in the drawing, the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system comprises at least two groups of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, wherein each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices comprises a boiler 10, a tail flue 11, an air preheater 12, a dry dust collector 13, a first induced draft fan 14, a flue gas cooler 5, a wet desulfurization tower 15, a phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2, a second induced draft fan 25, a flue gas reheater 9 and a chimney 17 which are sequentially connected, the phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2, the flue gas cooler 5 and the flue gas reheater 9 are respectively provided with a phase-change condensation heat exchange module 2-1, a flue gas cooling heat exchange module 5-1 and a flue gas reheating heat exchange module 9-1, the inlets of each group of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules 2-1 are connected to the outlet of a normal-temperature desalination water tank 1 in parallel, the outlets of each group of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules 2-1 are connected to the first inlet of a desalination water tank 4 in parallel, the inlets of each group of flue gas cooling heat exchange modules 5-1 are connected to the first outlet of the desalination water tank 4 in parallel, the outlets of each group of flue gas cooling heat exchange modules 5-1 are connected to the first inlet of the deaerator 8 in parallel, the first outlet of the deaerator 8 is connected to the reheat heat exchange module 9 in parallel, and the reheat heat exchange module 9 is connected to the inlet of the boiler 10 in parallel. The outlet of the normal temperature desalting water tank 1 is connected with the first inlet of the desalting water header 4 in parallel through the normal temperature desalting water tank bypass 3. The demineralized water header 4 is connected in parallel to a first inlet of a deaerator 8 via a demineralized water header bypass 6. The deaerator 8 is provided with a steam assisted heating inlet 7. The bottom of the wet desulfurizing tower 15 is connected with the bottom of the phase-change condensing heat exchanger 2 through a desulfurizing pit 16.
The operation steps are as follows: the desalted water from the desalted water production workshop enters a normal-temperature desalted water tank 1, and is split into a plurality of inlets of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules 2-1 of phase-change condensation heat exchangers 2 which are connected in parallel; the hot flue gas sequentially enters the phase-change condensing heat exchanger 2 through the boiler 10, the tail flue 11, the air preheater 12, the dry dust remover 13, the first induced draft fan 14, the flue gas cooler 5 and the wet desulfurization tower 15, heat is exchanged with flowing desalted water, the desalted water is heated to be high, the temperature of the hot flue gas is reduced, the condensation phase change of saturated wet flue gas enables water vapor to condense on the surface of fine particles, thermophoresis and diffusion electrophoresis are simultaneously carried out, the migration movement of the fine particles is carried out, the fine particles are collected through the surface of the heat exchange tube 23 after the mutual collision contact is continuously grown, finally under the action of gravity, the flowing liquid film is communicated to the desulfurization tower pit 16 through the water collecting device 24, and the dust concentration is reduced to 5mg/Nm 3 The following are set forth; the cooled flue gas from the phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2 is drawn by a second induced draft fan 25, enters a flue gas reheater 9, is heated to more than 80 ℃ after heat exchange with desalted water, and is discharged from a chimney 17 after being eliminated. The desalted water after temperature rising is concentrated from the first inlet of the desalted water header 4 to enter the desalted water header 4 through the outlet of the phase-change condensation heat exchange module 2-1, then a part of desalted water directly enters the deaerator 8 through the first inlet of the deaerator 8 through the desalted water header bypass 6, and a part of desalted water is shunted to a plurality of flue gas coolers 5 which are connected in parallel to serve as secondary cold sources to be further heated by hot flue gas, so that the desalted water is further heated, and then is converged to the deaerator 8 through the first inlet of the deaerator 8; part of the high-temperature desalted water enters a boiler water supply system through a first outlet of the deaerator 8, and the other part of the high-temperature desalted water is shunted to a plurality of parallel flue gas reheaters 9 through a second outlet of the deaerator 8 to reheat flue gas, so that the flue gas is reheatedHeating the gas to above 80 ℃ by high-temperature desalted water, eliminating white smoke, discharging the white smoke from a chimney 17 after reaching the standard, opening a steam auxiliary heating inlet 7 to heat the desalted water if the temperature does not reach the lowest temperature (80 ℃) capable of eliminating the white smoke, then distributing desalted water flow according to the working conditions of each unit, and heating the clean smoke after cooling, dedusting and dehumidifying; the desalted water with reduced temperature is concentrated again and enters the desalted water header 4 for circulation.
Example 1
The utility model provides a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, including two sets of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, flue gas waste heat utilization devices is including boiler 10 that connects gradually, afterbody flue 11, air preheater 12, dry dust remover 13, first draught fan 14, flue gas cooler 5, wet flue gas desulfurizing tower 15, phase transition condensation heat exchanger 2, second draught fan 25, flue gas reheater 9 and chimney 17, phase transition condensation heat exchanger 2, flue gas cooler 5, flue gas reheater 9 are provided with phase transition condensation heat exchange module 2-1 respectively (gather the heat exchange module and constitute by the material for PTFE heat exchange tube, PTFE heat exchange tube specification isThe heat exchange tubes are connected by expansion joint technology, the outer tube box is sealed, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U shape, staggered arrangement), and the flue gas cooling heat exchange module 5-1 (the heat exchange module is composed of PTFE heat exchange tubes with the specification of ∈>The heat exchange tube is connected with the tube plate flower disc 22 by adopting a welding technology, the tube plate flower disc 22 is sealed with an external metal tube box, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in U-shaped manner and arranged in sequence), and the flue gas reheating heat exchange module 9-1 (the heat exchange module is composed of PTFE heat exchange tubes made of PTFE, and the specification of the PTFE heat exchange tubes is +>The heat exchange tubes are connected with the tube plate flower disc 22 by adopting a welding technology, the tube plate flower disc 22 is sealed with an external metal tube box, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U-shaped way and are arranged in sequence, the inlets of each group of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules are connected to the outlet of the normal-temperature desalting water tank 1 in parallel, and the outlets of each group of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules 2-1 are arrangedThe ports are connected in parallel to the first inlet of the demineralized water header 4, the inlets of the groups of flue gas cooling heat exchange modules 5-1 are connected in parallel to the first outlet of the demineralized water header 4, the outlets of the groups of flue gas cooling heat exchange modules 5-1 are connected in parallel to the first inlet of the deaerator 8, the first outlet of the deaerator 8 is connected with the feedwater inlet of the boiler 10, the inlets of the groups of flue gas reheat heat exchange modules 9-1 are connected in parallel to the second outlet of the deaerator 8, and the outlets of the groups of flue gas reheat heat exchange modules 9-1 are connected in parallel to the second inlet of the demineralized water header. The outlet of the normal temperature desalting water tank 1 is connected with the first inlet of the desalting water header 4 in parallel through the normal temperature desalting water tank bypass 3. The demineralized water header 4 is connected in parallel to a first inlet of a deaerator 8 via a demineralized water header bypass 6. The deaerator 8 is provided with a steam assisted heating inlet 7. The bottom of the wet desulfurizing tower 15 is connected with the bottom of the phase-change condensing heat exchanger 2 through a desulfurizing pit 16.
A method of treating flue gas using the system, comprising the steps of:
(1) In each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, the flow rate of hot flue gas is 300000Nkm 3 The waste heat of the flue gas enters a phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2 through a boiler 10, a tail flue 11, an air preheater 12, a dry dust remover 13, a first induced draft fan 14, a flue gas cooler 5 and a wet desulfurization tower 15 of each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices in sequence, heat is exchanged with desalted water flowing in a heat exchange tube 23 (the inlet temperature of the desalted water is 13 ℃, the inlet flow of each desalted water is 140 t/h), the temperature of the desalted water after heat exchange is increased to 28 ℃, the temperature of hot flue gas is reduced to 44 ℃, condensation phase change of saturated wet flue gas causes water vapor to condense on the surface of fine particles, thermophoresis and diffusion swimming effect are generated, the fine particles migrate, the fine particles are collected through the surface of the heat exchange tube 23 after the mutual collision contact is continuously grown, finally, the liquid film flowing along with the liquid film is communicated to a desulfurization tower pit 16 through a water receiving device 24 under the action of gravity, and the dust concentration in the flue gas is reduced to 5mg/Nm 3 The following are set forth; the cooled flue gas from the phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2 enters a flue gas reheater 9 under the traction of a second induced draft fan 25, is heated to more than 80 ℃ after heat exchange with desalted water, and is discharged from a chimney 17 after being eliminated; the desalted water after temperature rise enters from the first inlet of the desalted water header 4 through the outlet of the phase-change condensation heat exchange module 2-1The inlet is concentrated and enters the demineralized water header 4, and then a part of demineralized water directly enters the deaerator 8 through the first inlet of the deaerator 8 through the demineralized water header bypass 6; a part of the split flow is used as a secondary cold source to be further heated by hot flue gas to ensure that the temperature of desalted water is increased from 28 ℃ to 105 ℃ and then is converged to the deaerator 8 through a first inlet of the deaerator 8; and a part of high-temperature desalted water enters the boiler water supply system through a first outlet of the deaerator 8, and the other part of high-temperature desalted water is shunted to a plurality of parallel flue gas reheaters 9 through a second outlet of the deaerator 8 to be reheated, so that the temperature of the desalted water is reduced to about 70 ℃, and the desalted water is concentrated again to enter the desalted water header 4 for circulation.
Through detection, the clean flue gas treated by the two boilers does not contain mercury and other heavy metals, and the dust emission is lower than 3.5mg/Nm 3 The dust particle size is below 1.0 μm, and sulfur dioxide content is 10mg/Nm 3 The nitrogen oxide content was below 10mg/Nm 3 The following is given.
Example 2
The utility model provides a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, including three flue gas waste heat utilization device of group, flue gas waste heat utilization device is including boiler 10 that connects gradually, afterbody flue 11, air preheater 12, dry dust remover 13, first draught fan 14, flue gas cooler 5, wet flue gas desulfurizing tower 15, phase transition condensation heat exchanger 2, second draught fan 25, flue gas reheater 9 and chimney 17, phase transition condensation heat exchanger 2, flue gas cooler 5, flue gas reheater 9 are provided with phase transition condensation heat exchange module 2-1 respectively (gather the heat exchange module and constitute by the material for PTFE heat exchange tube, PTFE heat exchange tube specification isThe heat exchange tubes are connected by expansion joint technology, the outer tube box is sealed, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U shape, staggered arrangement), and the flue gas cooling heat exchange module 5-1 (the heat exchange module is composed of PTFE heat exchange tubes with the specification of ∈>The heat exchange tubes are connected with the tube plate flower disc 22 by adopting a welding technology, the tube plate flower disc 22 is sealed with an external metal tube box, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U shape,arranged in line) and a flue gas reheating heat exchange module 9-1 (the heat exchange module is composed of PTFE heat exchange tubes with the specification of +.>The heat exchange tubes are connected with the tube plate flower disc 22 by adopting a welding technology, the tube plate flower disc 22 is sealed with an external metal tube box, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U-shaped arrangement and are arranged in sequence, the inlets of the groups of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules are connected to the outlet of the normal-temperature desalination water box 1 in parallel, the outlets of the groups of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules 2-1 are connected to the first inlet of the desalination water box 4 in parallel, the inlets of the groups of flue gas cooling heat exchange modules 5-1 are connected to the first inlet of the deaerator 8 in parallel, the first outlet of the deaerator 8 is connected with the water supply inlet of the boiler 10, the inlets of the groups of flue gas reheating heat exchange modules 9-1 are connected to the second outlet of the deaerator 8 in parallel, and the outlets of the groups of flue gas reheating heat exchange modules 9-1 are connected to the second inlet of the desalination water box in parallel. The outlet of the normal temperature desalting water tank 1 is connected with the first inlet of the desalting water header 4 in parallel through the normal temperature desalting water tank bypass 3. The demineralized water header 4 is connected in parallel to a first inlet of a deaerator 8 via a demineralized water header bypass 6. The deaerator 8 is provided with a steam assisted heating inlet 7. The bottom of the wet desulfurizing tower 15 is connected with the bottom of the phase-change condensing heat exchanger 2 through a desulfurizing pit 16.
A method of treating flue gas using the system, comprising the steps of:
(1) In each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, the flow rate of hot flue gas is 400000Nkm 3 And/h sequentially passes through the boiler 10, the tail flue 11, the air preheater 12, the dry dust remover 13, the first induced draft fan 14, the flue gas cooler 5 and the wet desulfurization tower 15 of each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, enters the phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2, exchanges heat with desalted water flowing in the heat exchange tube 23 (the inlet temperature of each desalted water is 10 ℃, the inlet flow of each desalted water is 130 t/h), the temperature of the desalted water after heat exchange is increased to 24 ℃, the temperature of hot flue gas is reduced to 45 ℃, the condensation phase change of saturated wet flue gas condenses water vapor on the surface of fine particles, thermophoresis and diffusion electrophoresis are simultaneously generated, and the fine particles migrate,the liquid films which are in collision contact with each other are continuously grown and then are collected by the surfaces of the heat exchange tubes 23, and finally are communicated to the desulfurizing tower pit 16 through the water collecting device 24 under the action of gravity, so that the dust concentration in the flue gas is reduced to 5mg/Nm 3 The following are set forth; the cooled flue gas from the phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2 enters a flue gas reheater 9 under the traction of a second induced draft fan 25, is heated to more than 80 ℃ after heat exchange with desalted water, and is discharged from a chimney 17 after being eliminated; the desalted water after temperature rise intensively enters the desalted water header 4 from the first inlet of the desalted water header 4 through the outlet of the phase-change condensation heat exchange module 2-1, and then a part of desalted water directly enters the deaerator 8 through the first inlet of the deaerator 8 through the desalted water header bypass 6; a part of the split flow is used as a secondary cold source to be further heated by hot flue gas to ensure that the temperature of desalted water is increased from 24 ℃ to 103 ℃, and then the desalted water is converged to the deaerator 8 through a first inlet of the deaerator 8; and a part of high-temperature desalted water enters a boiler water supply system through a first outlet of the deaerator 8, and a part of high-temperature desalted water is shunted to a plurality of parallel flue gas reheaters 9 through a second outlet of the deaerator 8 to be reheated, and meanwhile, the desalted water is heated by opening a steam auxiliary heating inlet 7 and the flow of the desalted water of the flue gas reheaters 9 is regulated, so that the flue gas is heated to more than 80 ℃, the temperature of the desalted water is reduced to about 70 ℃, and the flue gas is concentrated again to enter a desalted water header 4 to be circulated.
Through detection, the clean flue gas treated by the three boilers does not contain heavy metals such as mercury and the like, and the dust emission is lower than 4.2mg/Nm 3 The dust particle size is below 1.0 μm, and sulfur dioxide content is 10mg/Nm 3 The nitrogen oxide content was below 10mg/Nm 3 The following is given.
Example 3
The utility model provides a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, including four sets of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, flue gas waste heat utilization devices is including boiler 10, afterbody flue 11, air preheater 12, dry dust remover 13, first draught fan 14, flue gas cooler 5, wet flue gas desulfurizing tower 15, phase transition condensation heat exchanger 2, second draught fan 25, flue gas reheater 9 and chimney 17 that connect gradually, phase transition condensation heat exchanger 2, flue gas cooler 5, flue gas reheater 9 are provided with phase transition condensation heat transfer module 2 respectively-1 (the heat-gathering and exchanging module is composed of PTFE heat exchanging pipes with the specification ofThe heat exchange tubes are connected by expansion joint technology, the outer tube box is sealed, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U shape, staggered arrangement), and the flue gas cooling heat exchange module 5-1 (the heat exchange module is composed of PTFE heat exchange tubes with the specification of ∈>The heat exchange tube is connected with the tube plate flower disc 22 by adopting a welding technology, the tube plate flower disc 22 is sealed with an external metal tube box, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in U-shaped manner and arranged in sequence), and the flue gas reheating heat exchange module 9-1 (the heat exchange module is composed of PTFE heat exchange tubes made of PTFE, and the specification of the PTFE heat exchange tubes is +>The heat exchange tubes are connected with the tube plate flower disc 22 by adopting a welding technology, the tube plate flower disc 22 is sealed with an external metal tube box, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a U-shaped arrangement and are arranged in sequence, the inlets of the groups of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules are connected to the outlet of the normal-temperature desalination water box 1 in parallel, the outlets of the groups of phase-change condensation heat exchange modules 2-1 are connected to the first inlet of the desalination water box 4 in parallel, the inlets of the groups of flue gas cooling heat exchange modules 5-1 are connected to the first inlet of the deaerator 8 in parallel, the first outlet of the deaerator 8 is connected with the water supply inlet of the boiler 10, the inlets of the groups of flue gas reheating heat exchange modules 9-1 are connected to the second outlet of the deaerator 8 in parallel, and the outlets of the groups of flue gas reheating heat exchange modules 9-1 are connected to the second inlet of the desalination water box in parallel. The outlet of the normal temperature desalting water tank 1 is connected with the first inlet of the desalting water header 4 in parallel through the normal temperature desalting water tank bypass 3. The demineralized water header 4 is connected in parallel to a first inlet of a deaerator 8 via a demineralized water header bypass 6. The deaerator 8 is provided with a steam assisted heating inlet 7. The bottom of the wet desulfurizing tower 15 is connected with the bottom of the phase-change condensing heat exchanger 2 through a desulfurizing pit 16.
A method of treating flue gas using the system, comprising the steps of:
(1) In each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, the flow rate of hot flue gas is 500000Nkm 3 The waste heat of the flue gas is converted into heat by the phase change condensation heat exchanger 2 through the boiler 10, the tail flue 11, the air preheater 12, the dry dust remover 13, the first induced draft fan 14, the flue gas cooler 5 and the wet desulfurization tower 15 of each group of flue gas waste heat utilization devices, heat is exchanged with desalted water flowing in the heat exchange pipe 23 (the inlet temperature of each desalted water is 15 ℃, the inlet flow of each desalted water is 170 t/h), the temperature of the desalted water after heat exchange is increased to 26 ℃, the temperature of hot flue gas is reduced to 44.5 ℃, the condensation phase change of saturated wet flue gas condenses water vapor on the surface of fine particles, thermophoresis and diffusion migration are simultaneously generated, the fine particles are transferred and move, are collected on the surface of the heat exchange pipe 23 after being continuously grown in collision contact, finally, the liquid film flowing along with the liquid film is communicated to the desulfurization tower pit 16 through the water receiving device 24 under the action of gravity, and the dust concentration in the flue gas is reduced to 5mg/Nm 3 The following are set forth; the cooled flue gas from the phase-change condensation heat exchanger 2 enters a flue gas reheater 9 under the traction of a second induced draft fan 25, is heated to more than 80 ℃ after heat exchange with desalted water, and is discharged from a chimney 17 after being eliminated; the desalted water after temperature rise intensively enters the desalted water header 4 from the first inlet of the desalted water header 4 through the outlet of the phase-change condensation heat exchange module 2-1, and then a part of desalted water directly enters the deaerator 8 through the first inlet of the deaerator 8 through the desalted water header bypass 6; a part of the split flow is used as a secondary cold source to be further heated by hot flue gas to ensure that the temperature of desalted water is increased from 26 ℃ to 100 ℃, and then the desalted water is converged to the deaerator 8 through a first inlet of the deaerator 8; and a part of high-temperature desalted water enters a boiler water supply system through a first outlet of the deaerator 8, and a part of high-temperature desalted water is shunted to a plurality of parallel flue gas reheaters 9 through a second outlet of the deaerator 8 to be reheated, and meanwhile, the desalted water is heated by opening a steam auxiliary heating inlet 7 and the flow of the desalted water of the flue gas reheaters 9 is regulated, so that the flue gas is heated to more than 80 ℃, the temperature of the desalted water is reduced to about 70 ℃, and the flue gas is concentrated again to enter a desalted water header 4 to be circulated.
Through detection, the clean flue gas treated by the four boilers does not contain mercury and other heavy metals, and the dust emission is lowAt 3.6mg/Nm 3 The dust particle size is below 1.0 μm, and sulfur dioxide content is 10mg/Nm 3 The nitrogen oxide content was below 10mg/Nm 3 The following is given.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system, includes two at least groups flue gas waste heat utilization device, flue gas waste heat utilization device including boiler, afterbody flue, air heater, dry dust remover, first draught fan, flue gas cooler, wet flue gas desulfurizing tower, phase transition condensation heat exchanger, second draught fan, flue gas reheat ware and chimney that connect gradually, phase transition condensation heat exchanger, flue gas cooler, flue gas reheat ware be provided with phase transition condensation heat exchange module, flue gas cooling heat exchange module and flue gas reheat heat exchange module respectively, its characterized in that, each group the import parallel connection of phase transition condensation heat exchange module to normal atmospheric temperature removes the export of salt water tank, each group the export parallel connection of phase transition condensation heat exchange module to the first export of salt water header, each group the export parallel connection of flue gas cooling heat exchange module to the first import of deaerator, the first export parallel connection of phase transition heat exchange module with the water inlet connection of boiler, each group the import of the parallel connection of deaerator the reheat heat exchange module the export of the phase transition heat exchanger of PTFE heat exchanger is the heat exchanger of the parallel connection of the flue gas to the second import of the heat exchanger of heat exchanger.
2. The flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the normal temperature desalting water tank is connected with the first inlet of the desalting water header in parallel through a normal temperature desalting water tank bypass.
3. The flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the wet desulfurization tower is connected with the bottom of the phase-change condensation heat exchanger through a desulfurization pit.
4. The flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes of the phase-change condensation heat exchanger are arranged in a U shape and staggered.
5. The flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes of the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater are arranged in a U shape and arranged in sequence.
6. The method for treating flue gas by using the flue gas waste heat comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas sequentially passes through a boiler, a tail flue, an air preheater, a dry dust remover, a first induced draft fan, a flue gas cooler and a wet desulfurization tower of each group of devices to enter a phase-change condensation heat exchanger, after exchanging heat with desalted water, the desalted water is heated to rise in temperature, the flue gas temperature is reduced, condensation phase change of saturated wet flue gas condenses water vapor on the surface of fine particles, thermophoresis and diffusion swimming are simultaneously carried out, the fine particles migrate, mutually collide and contact and are collected through the surface of a heat exchange tube after being continuously long, and finally, under the action of gravity, the flue gas is communicated to a desulfurization tower pit along with flowing liquid film through a water collecting device, and dust concentration in the flue gas is reduced to 5mg/Nm 3 The method is characterized in that after the desalted water after heat exchange intensively enters the desalted water header from the first inlets of the desalted water header through the outlets of the plurality of parallel phase-change condensation heat exchange modules, a part of the desalted water is split into a plurality of parallel flue gas coolers as secondary cold sources to be further heated by the flue gas, so that the temperature of the desalted water is increased to more than 100 ℃, and then the desalted water is converged to the deaerator through the first inlets of the deaerator; part of high-temperature desalted water in the deaerator enters the boiler water supply system through the first outlet of the deaerator, and the other part of high-temperature desalted water is shunted to a plurality of parallel flue gas reheaters through the second outlet of the deaerator to be reheated and then enters a desalted water header for circulationA ring.
7. The method of treating flue gas according to claim 6, wherein a demineralized water header bypass is provided in the demineralized water header, the demineralized water header is connected in parallel with the first inlet of the deaerator through the demineralized water header bypass, and when the demineralized water after heat exchange is concentrated from the first inlet of the demineralized water header to the demineralized water header through the outlets of the plurality of parallel phase-change condensation heat exchange modules, a portion of the demineralized water is directly introduced into the deaerator through the first inlet of the deaerator through the demineralized water header bypass.
8. The method for treating flue gas according to claim 6, wherein a steam auxiliary heating inlet is arranged in the deaerator, when flue gas reheating is performed in the flue gas reheater, if the temperature of the flue gas is not higher than 80 ℃, the steam auxiliary heating inlet is opened to heat desalted water, then the flow of desalted water is distributed according to the working conditions of each unit, and the flue gas after cooling, dedusting and dehumidifying is heated.
9. The method for treating flue gas according to claim 6, wherein the initial temperature of the desalted water is 10-20 ℃ and the flow rate is 100-200 t/h.
10. The method of treating flue gas according to claim 6, wherein the flow rate of the flue gas is 100000 ～ 600000Nkm 3 /h。
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| CN108332228B (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2019-06-28 | 山东省环能设计院股份有限公司 | A kind of fume treatment utilizes equipment |
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| CN109059025A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江巨化热电有限公司 | A kind of smoke comprehensive processing unit and its method |
| CN109513324B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2024-05-28 | 聊城信源集团有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment system for water-saving desulfurization of flue gas |
| CN109395547A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-01 | 聊城信源集团有限公司 | A kind of chemical demineralizing water and flue gas desulfurization total system and its application method |
| CN109395546A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-01 | 聊城信源集团有限公司 | A kind of fume environment protection desulfurization total system |
| CN110848721B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-25 | 衢州佰强新材料科技有限公司 | Fluorine plastic steel low temperature flue gas advanced treatment device |
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