CN107207077B - The method and its ship of stable workbench are provided - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of for providing the method and ship (7) of stable workbench for offshore wind turbines (1).The ship (7) includes one or more buoyancy modules at least partly filling water, so that ship (7) is maintained on sea bed (13) during maintenance or installation process.Water can be made passively to be packed into buoyancy module by opening hatchcover (24) in one or more hulls (8) or door (14), or water is initiatively packed by buoyancy module by using pumping system (15).Ship (7) further comprises upper deck (17) or raised deck, is provided with one or more lift units (18).Lift unit (18) uses during maintenance process or installation process.After the completion of maintenance or installation process, buoyancy module is closed, ship (7) lifts away from sea bed (13), and all ponding are drawn ship (7).Final ship (7) moves to another place or returns to harbour.

Description

The method and its ship of stable workbench are provided

Invention field

The method of stabilized platform is provided the present invention relates to a kind of, wherein method includes the following steps: ship is moved To offshore wind turbines installation point, ship is installed into point location relatively, ship is down on sea bed.

The ship of stabilized platform is provided the invention further relates to a kind of comprising hull and the first being arranged in hull Plate, which, which at least has, is set as being parked in flat on sea bed, which defines outer workbench.

Background of invention

It is known that installing or safeguarding offshore wind turbines with the steamer or barge with multiple jack up supporting legs.Wheel Ship or barge move to installation point, and then supporting leg is dropped to contacts with sea bed.Once be in correct position, supporting leg further decline and Sea bed contact, steamer or barge lift away from sea level, thus provide stabilised platform during installation.Installation process is completed Afterwards, supporting leg rises the contact being detached from sea bed, and steamer or barge can move to new place.If sea bed be it is soft or muddy, The rise and decline of jack up supporting leg are especially time-consuming, because supporting leg needs biggish penetration depth to be firmly parked on sea bed. In addition, when rising supporting leg, it usually needs water cleans process, to offset by the swabbing effect of the sediment generation of sea bed.

One method solved these problems is to be increased using the supporting pad or spud can for being connected to each jack up unit Add the contact area with sea bed, thus reduces the penetration depth of jack up supporting leg.WO2012/066790A1 discloses another kind Scheme, wherein steamer has multiple individual anchorage blocks or common anchorage block, they are connected to the stranded cable system on ship. Anchorage block is lowered away from hull chamber, and contacts with sea bed, apply on every hawser later it is tensioned, in this way they erect wind-force Tension leg support system is formed during turbine.These schemes require one or more declines and lift away from the structure of sea bed, this The time can be spent and increase the complexity and cost of system.

It it is known that using semi-submersible type steamer or barge and transport wind turbine to installation point, pass through ballasting system phase To Sea-level drop and rising.This kind of ship design is to be dived with ballasting system to depth capacity, then rises to normal transport position. This steamer, especially its hull are not designed to be parked on sea bed during operation.

WO03/066427A1 discloses a kind of ship, with multiple extending supports being mounted in the hull of ship Leg.Then water is packed into ballast tank relative to installation point location ship to be down to the position above sea bed by ship.Rear support Leg removes hull and contacts with sea bed, and such ship is firmly parked on sea bed.Once work is completed, supporting leg bounces back and presses Cabin emptying is carried, to rise ship.Then ship moves to new place.This ship is not suitable for tideland area.

It is known to be put between tide when erectting wind turbine using with flat installation barge.Barge moves to installation point and phase To the ground positioning in climax.Then during low tide when Sea-level drop, barge is located on sea bed, thus mentions during operation For stabilised platform.Then wind turbine is installed with ship's crane.As sea level rise during climax, barge becomes again Float, and stops working.This causes the operating time window for being able to carry out work there was only several hours.

Goal of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of schemes for solving above-mentioned prior art problem.

The method of stable workbench is provided for offshore wind turbines it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of, This method extends operating time window.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of ships, provide stable workbench, and make operating time window Extend.

Summary of the invention

One object of the present invention realizes that wherein this method includes by a kind of method for providing stable workbench The following steps:

Ship is moved into offshore wind turbines installation point,

Opposite installation point positions ship, which is, for example, the position of at least part installation of wind turbine,

RELATIVE SEA LEVEL declines ship towards sea bed, and

By the way that one or more buoyancy modules of ship are at least partly loaded onto water, until the bottom of ship is parked on sea bed, Further decline ship is contacted with sea bed, so that the ship provides stable workbench.

Generic term " dress " includes being passively or actively filling, for example, cabin is full of with water such as seawater, to change ship Buoyancy.Term " buoyancy module " is limited to be set as any open or closed cabin of dress water, such as ballast tank, interior compartment, opening Deck is even closed on deck.Closing deck is limited to the deck with weather and wave isolation, and open deck is limited to always It is exposed to the deck of weather and wave.

This provide it is a kind of the simple and easy method of stable workbench is provided, the workbench not by sea level from low tide to Climax or opposite variation are influenced.Compared to any of jack up ship, the operation of the configuration is turned to faster and is manufactured Cost is lower.In addition, this configuration is suitable for shallow water area, especially tideland area.Also, this configuration does not need complicated heavy Self-elevating systems rise and decline ship, thereby save dead weight and space.This configuration can be by only changing The buoyancy of ship is parked on sea bed so as to ship, to allow ship to form stable workbench.

Ship moves to installation point and positions by boat-carrying propulsion system such as engine and one or more propellers.Ship Only further comprise dynamic positioning system, ship is moved to correct position.Alternatively, can be by ship outside one or more , such as towboat, ship is dragged to installation point and moves to correct position.

In one embodiment, this method further comprises the step dropped to ship by starting pumping system on sea bed Suddenly, wherein the pumping system is actively pumped to one or more buoyancy cavities.

The panel or control unit that pumping system is operated by user control, and the panel or control unit monitor this Water in a little buoyancy modules.In this configuration, buoyancy module is one or more is arranged in the intracorporal ballast tank of ship or compartment.Pumping system Pipeline or the hose arrangement of entrance and exit are connected to including at least at least one.Pumping system can for individual pumping system or It is integrated into ship as described below.Alternatively, two or more pumping systems can be connected to buoyancy module, one for being pumped into ship for water In, one for pumping out ship for water.This ship to drop to contact with sea bed, without waiting low tide.Once Ship is firmly parked on sea bed, is formed firm workbench, and can start maintenance and/or installation process.

In another configuration, pumping system can adjust the water in buoyancy module according to sea level altitude.Measuring unit, such as sound , radar, tide gauge, global positioning system (GPS) receiver or other sea level inductors, for measuring the height on sea level Degree.The measuring unit is electrically connected to control unit, which controls the operation of pumping system according to the sea level measured.Control Unit processed can open pumping system, and water is pumped out buoyancy module when Sea-level drop, water is pumped into buoyancy module when sea level rise. This enables ship to adjust the water in buoyancy module based on the sea level of raising and lowering, and thus changes the buoyancy of ship.This So that ship is able to be kept stably on sea bed, while reducing the pressure being applied on sea bed, thus prevent ship from falling into sea Bed is too deep, especially if the very soft situation of sea bed.

In another embodiment, this method further includes by opening one or more hatchcovers being located in vessel hull And/or door, so that water is passively packed into one or more buoyancy modules via the hatchcover and/or door, so that ship is dropped to sea bed Step.

This makes it possible to, as the sea level risen or fallen flows freely into outflow buoyancy module, make under ship by making water for example It is down on sea bed and is maintained on sea bed.Via the hatchcover for the predetermined number for being located at hull at least side, preferably via positioned at ship The hatchcover of body two sides, introduces the water into buoyancy module.The opening of hatchcover can be controlled by control unit, with prevent ship filling/ It topples during evacuation procedure.Via actuator or other opening mechanisms that controlled unit controls, hatchcover can in open position and It is moved between closed position.Buoyancy module can be arranged to be one or more in the intracorporal ballast tank of ship or compartment.This enables buoyancy module It is passively loaded without pumping system.It allows the water to thus prevent across hull in two sides in addition, being arranged hatchcover During tidal fluctuations, such as when from low tide to climax sea level variability or contrary circumstance, hull is mobile, such as rotates or incline Tiltedly.

Furthermore/and alternatively, water can also be introduced into ship via one or more doors, this is located at the bow or stern of ship, It is preferably placed at the bow and stern of ship.Via actuator or other opening mechanisms, door can be for example in vertical plane or level It is moved in plane, to move between open and closed positions.Buoyancy module can be the lower decks being arranged in ship, such as Well deck or open deck, such as open deck.When not having dive, door is used as traditional door, is provided to for staff The entrance of lower decks or open deck.Lower decks or open deck can be used as traditional deck or workbench during low tide. As described above, this also enables buoyancy module passively to be loaded without using pumping system.In addition, by using ship two The door at end allows the water to thus prevent ship from moving during tide changes across ship.

Dominant direction of the ship relative to the principal direction of tidal current, cardinal wind or wave or stream, it is fixed with any angle Position.Preferably, ship with respect to tidal current, wind direction or wave or stream direction, it is substantially parallel or be vertically oriented.This makes ship It is merely able to be placed in a position, the influence in the position from tide, wave, stream or wind minimizes.

In one embodiment, this method further comprises the side part for making one or more opposite ship upper deck settings The step moved between retraction position and extended position, wherein the side of a ship on the increase of side the part sea level and ship of extended position The distance between edge.

Ship may also include the side part of the ship bulwark setting of several such as upper decks or open deck relatively.Side part It is set as increasing the distance between railing/gunnel and the sea level of such as high water time, while limiting water entry into deck.Side part can It is arranged along the bulwark of entire ship, or the middle section along one or more section, such as ship.Side part when not in use In retraction position, space is therefore saved on.Once ship is located on sea bed, side part is mobile, such as stretches or rotate to it Extended position, which increase the height of ship, so that can run in bigger depth or in higher wave.

Side part can be bulwark part or plank, be set to via mounting device, such as bracket, installation to bulwark and/or It is interconnected with one another.Alternatively, side part can be via guide rail or groove or via being hingedly attached to bulwark.Can be used actuator by Side part is mobile in place.One or more sealing elements may be provided between two adjacent side parts and/or side part and the side of a ship Between wall.Alternatively, the outer rim and/or side part of two adjacent side parts and the outer rim of bulwark may be molded to them substantially Form sealing.This prevents water from entering deck.

In a particular embodiment, when ship is parked on sea bed, it is located in vessel hull via one or more Hatchcover and/or door, buoyancy module are passively loaded and are emptied during tidal fluctuations.

Ship can drop on sea bed with variation of the tide from climax to low tide.Once ship is parked on sea bed, just It opens hatchcover or door enables rise/fall sea level to flow freely through ship, and be gradually filled with buoyancy module.Alternatively, buoyancy module Gradually it can be loaded or be emptied with pumping system as described above.When this to change from low tide to climax when tide or is opposite, ship Its position on sea bed is kept, even if staff also can be on wind turbine or its ground thus during climax On work on.

In one embodiment, this method further comprises providing one or more promotion lists on ship upper deck Member, and by using the lift unit, at least safeguard or replace one or more wind-force whirlpools of the wind turbine of pre-installation Turbine component.

Ship includes that upper deck or the promotion list on the raised deck above open deck is arranged in one or more Member.During maintenance process, using lift unit by equipment, such as tool, spare parts and other objects, it is promoted to from ship On wind turbine or its ground, vice versa.Equipment is loaded in gatehead to ship, and is optionally stored at cabinet or storage It hides in room.Lift unit can also be used to that the wind turbine components of damage is promoted on deck in maintenance process.Then new Wind turbine components be connected to crane cable, and be promoted to the position on wind turbine.

In one embodiment, this method further comprises the following steps: being provided on ship upper deck one or more Lift unit, and by using lift unit, at least one or more wind turbine components are erect and installed to offshore Base.

And/or during the installation process, the lift unit be used for it is opposite before the wind turbine components installed or from Bank base, by one or more wind turbine components, such as wind turbine tower, cabin, rotor hub or wind turbine Machine blade is promoted to installation site.Then wind turbine components are installed, and new wind turbine components can be promoted in place. This enables ship to act on for multipurpose ship, the purpose that it can be used to safeguard and install.

In a particular embodiment, before ship is moved to installation point, by lift unit and/or one or more wind Power turbine components are loaded in gatehead to ship.

Preferably, before ship moves to installation point, lift unit, such as land crane are loaded in gatehead to ship It is only upper and fixed.Alternatively, lift unit is unit on ship, such as ship's crane unit, such as during loading process Gatehead is mounted on ship.Other lifting devices may be provided on ship, be used for lifting means and/or wind turbine components In place, other lifting devices such as self-elevating systems, stranded cable system or other suitable lifting system.

In another particular embodiment, such as by adjusting the water at least one buoyancy module, run in lift unit Period stablizes ship.

During lifting process, stablize lift unit to provide stable promotion.It can be by adding to the rear end of lift unit One or more counterweights are added to stablize lift unit.The counterweight can be loaded in gatehead or before starting lifting process to mentioning Rise unit.Counterweight can also load during loading process to ship, and be placed on the opposite end of lift unit.Alternatively, one The extended ship of a or multiple arms of stability is simultaneously contacted with sea bed.

Buoyancy module can also be used as stabilizer in lifting process.Pumping system in this configuration is used to adjust the water in buoyancy module Amount.All buoyancy modules can be packed into water to stablize lift unit.Alternatively, at least another buoyancy module is pumped water to from least one buoyancy module, To change dead weight distribution.It is pumped into additional water to selected buoyancy module, and/or water is pumped out to selected buoyancy module.

In one embodiment, this method further comprises the following steps: by using pumping system, and/or being passed through The water closed in hatchcover and/or door emptying buoyancy module rises ship to realize the positive buoyancy of ship.

After completing installation or maintenance process, ship rises and moves to new installation point, gatehead, such as harbour or other Place.Such as in high water time, by closing buoyancy module, and optionally by using pumping system that all ponding are pumped out buoyancy module, And rise ship.Such as in the time of low water, can by by hull hatchcover and/or door move to closed position, to close buoyancy module, by This prevents water from entering ship.Alternatively, can in ship and buoyancy module water total weight be no more than arrange water weight when, close cabin Lid and/or door, such as positive buoyancy can be obtained in high water time ship, enable it to lift away from sea bed.If ballast tank or compartment are used Make buoyancy module, then actively pumping out water by using pumping system, to realize positive buoyancy.This to compare passes through during climax The sea level of rising and the traditional ship risen automatically, ship can sea level rise or any during climax with rising When rise.

In addition, this configuration also makes ship can be used in shallow water area, by changing the buoyancy of ship at this, make ship phase To sea level such as mean sea level raising and lowering.Traditional ship needs self-elevating systems stable to provide in shallow water area Workbench.Water is actively pumped out by buoyancy module by using pumping system, increase ship.Or for example in the time of low water, Hatchcover and/or door can close, such as in high water time, ship can be realized positive buoyancy, it can lift away from sea bed in this way.

According to a particular embodiment, installation point is located in tideland area or shallow water area.

Preferably, ship moves to the installation point in shallow water area especially tideland area, because ship is capable of providing Stable workbench is not influenced by from low tide to climax sea level variability, and vice versa.

One object of the present invention realizes that the ship includes: by providing the ship of stabilized platform

Hull, it is flat on sea bed including at least being set as being parked in,

Deck, the deck are arranged in hull, limit outer workbench,

It is arranged in the intracorporal one or more buoyancy modules of ship, wherein

Ship further includes the device for making buoyancy module be at least partially enclosed water, and wherein the flat of ship is set as instantly It is down to when being contacted with sea bed and is parked on sea bed, such ship provides stable workbench.

This provides the ship for being capable of providing stable workbench, which is not influenced by tidal fluctuations, and And self-elevating systems are not needed to promote platform.This makes compared to traditional jack up barge or steamer, and operation turns to faster, system Cause this lower, because not needing self-elevating systems or tension leg system.This configuration is suitable for shallow water area, is specially tideland Area.Shallow water area is limited to its depth of water, such as the height on sea level, is equal to or less than 50 meters.Tideland area is limited to high-tide period Between be covered with water the time of low water exposing region (region also referred to as between climax and low tide).

There is ship one or more buoyancy modules in hull are arranged in, and wherein these buoyancy modules are connected to as described above for will Water is passively and actively packed into the device of buoyancy module.For these devices for changing the buoyancy of ship, such ship is in maintenance or installs It is maintained on sea bed during process.This provides stable workbench, and ship is maintained at correct position by it, without Position is adjusted since environment influences.Some traditional installation vessels, which carry out RELATIVE SEA LEVEL using ballast tank, reduces ship, still They still need anchoring system or dynamic positioning system, and ship is maintained at correct position.

In one embodiment, which is the door and/or hatchcover that one or more is arranged on hull, and door or hatchcover connect One or more openings being arranged on the buoyancy module on hull and one or more hulls are connected to, wherein hatchcover or door are set as It is moved between open position and closed position.

Ship includes one or more hatchcovers, which is arranged on an at least side surface for hull, preferably both side surface On.Hatchcover is located at the lower half of hull, such as less than light condition or water line when predetermined loading condition.Actuator is other Opening mechanism is for opening and closing hatchcover, and wherein opening mechanism is controlled by control unit.Buoyancy module can be ballast tank or compartment.This It allows the water to flow freely into outflow buoyancy module.In addition, water energy is enough to flow through ship via the opening of hatchcover, thus prevent ship due to The movement of water and come unrestrained and move, such as tilts.

Furthermore/and alternatively, ship includes one or more doors, this is arranged at the bow or stern of ship, preferably together When in bow and stern.Men Kewei is set as the hinged door of around the pivot rotation, or is set as along guide part such as groove or track And the sliding door slided.Buoyancy module can be for along the open deck or well deck of the extension of the longitudinal length of ship or part thereof.This is also It allows the water to flow freely into outflow buoyancy module via the opening of door.The deck be alternatively arranged as in no dive traditional deck or Workbench.

In another embodiment, which is the ballast tank that one or more is arranged in hull, ballast tank connection To at least one pumping system, for adjusting the water in ballast tank.

Ship includes the ballast tank of predetermined number, is used as buoyancy module.Each buoyancy module be connected to be set as water being pumped into or Pump out the pumping system of buoyancy module.Pumping system can be individual pumping system, have individual entrance and individually outlet.Or Person, pumping system can be integrated into ship, and the opening of hull outer surface is arranged in including one or more, and the opening is according to pump Direction is sent to be used as entrance or outlet.These openings can be located on hull, be lower than water line in unloaded or predetermined load.Pump The other end of system is sent to be arranged with respect to buoyancy module.This allows the water to actively be pumped into or pump out buoyancy module, to change the buoyancy of ship.Into one Step ground, pumping system enable ship to decline or rise at any time, such as in high water time or after completing installation or maintenance process.

Control unit is set as the operation of control pumping system, for example, flow direction.Control unit can be further arranged to monitor Sea level, and as described above according to the operation of the sea level control pumping system measured.One or more is set as measurement Hai Ping The measuring unit in face is connected to control unit, which adjusts the water in buoyancy module according to the sea level measured.This makes Ship is able to maintain that on sea bed, while reducing the pressure being applied on sea bed.

Pumping system can also be used to empty all ponding in buoyancy module when hatchcover and/or door closing.Control unit setting To start pumping system when it determines all hatchcovers and/or door is to close.This makes ship can be realized positive buoyancy, so that Ship lifts away from sea bed, or only increases the stability of ship during transportation.Positioned at the intracorporal measuring unit of ship or visual indicia It can be used for the intracorporal water of surveying vessel.The measurement can be used for starting pumping system.

In one embodiment, deck is set as holding one or more lift units, such as crane unit, may be selected Ground, and one or more wind turbine components, such as rotor or wind turbine tower.

Deck can be upper deck or the raised deck above lower decks or open deck.The deck is set as being retained on The lift unit used during maintenance or installation process, such as crane unit, jack up unit or other suitable promotion are single Member.Deck may include the device for lift unit to be fixed to deck, such as mounting bracket, fastening hook or anchor cable eye or other Suitable clamp device.Lift unit can be to load the land lift unit to deck, such as Mobile hoisting in gatehead Lift unit on machine unit or ship, such as crane unit above deck is installed.Deck can further comprise one or more Cavity or compartment are used for storage system maintenance equipment, spare parts or other objects.Alternatively, one or more cavitys may be configured as holding It sets and holds lift unit.Deck may be configured as accommodating and holding different type and/or various sizes of lift unit, therefore make The lift unit suitable for specific purposes can be equipped with by obtaining ship.For example, ship can have for safeguarding the small of wind turbine Type crane unit, or the goliath unit for erectting wind turbine.

Deck can further comprise one or more memory spaces, be used for one or more wind turbine components, than Such as other components of wind turbine blade, rotor hub, cabin, wind turbine tower or wind turbine structure.Alternatively, These wind turbine components may be provided on the second deck of opposite upper deck or raised deck.Further, on the contrary, wind-force Turbine components may be provided on the individual transport ship that the opposite ship is placed.This enables ship to complete to install Journey, without stopping the process during climax.

Detailed description of the invention

Only passing through embodiment referring to attached drawing, present invention is described, in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates the first exemplary implementation sides of the vessel according to the invention that opposite offshore wind turbines are placed Formula；

Fig. 2 illustrates the ship of Fig. 1 shown in the bow；

The ship that Fig. 3 illustrates Fig. 1 is parked on sea bed during climax；

Fig. 4 illustrates the ship of Fig. 3 shown in the bow；

The ship that Fig. 5 illustrates Fig. 1 is parked on sea bed during low tide；

Fig. 6 illustrates the ship of Fig. 5 shown in the bow；

Fig. 7 illustrates the second exemplary embodiment of the ship that opposite offshore wind turbines are placed；

The ship that Fig. 8 illustrates Fig. 7 is parked on sea bed.

Hereinafter, attached drawing will be described one by one, in the accompanying drawings shown in all parts and position will mark in different figures With identical label.In the certain figures and not all component pointed out and position must all discuss together with the attached drawing.

Referring to list

1 wind turbine

2 offshore grounds

3 wind turbine towers

4 cabins

5 rotor hubs

6 wind turbine blades

7 ships

8 hulls

9 bottoms

10 profiles

11 sterns

12 bows

13 sea beds

14

15 pumping systems

16 opening directions

17 upper decks

18 lift units, crane

19 lower decks

20 sea level

21 bulwarks

22 gunnels

23 ballast tanks

24 hatchcovers

Detailed description of the Invention

Fig. 1 illustrates the exemplary embodiments for the wind turbine 1 being mounted on offshore ground 2 in installation point.Wind-force Turbine 1 includes the wind turbine tower 3 being arranged on offshore ground 2 and the machine that 3 top of wind turbine tower is arranged in Cabin 4.Rotor is rotatably attached to cabin 4, which has rotor hub 5 and at least two panels wind turbine blade 6, herein It show three pieces.

Ship 7 is set as in maintenance process or selectively during installation process, and opposite wind turbine 1 provides stabilization Workbench.Ship 7 includes hull 8, stern 11 and bow 12, which has the bottom 10 for being connected to side.Bottom 9 Be configured to be set to be parked in it is flat on sea bed 13.14 such as hinged doors of door, setting on the quarter 11, and be set as providing and lead to position The entrance of lower decks in hull 8 (shown in Fig. 4).Other such as hinged doors of door 14, are further disposed at bow, and be arranged To further provide for the entrance for leading to lower decks.Opening mechanism is connected to door 14, and is set as making door 14 in open position (Fig. 3 It is shown) and closed position (shown in Fig. 1) between move, such as pivot.

At least one pumping system 15 included an inlet and an outlet is loaded on ship 7.Alternatively, pumping system 15 can be peace The pumping system on the ship on ship 7.Pumping system 15 is arranged with respect to lower decks, for water to be pumped out ship 7 or is pumped into ship Only 7.Selectively, as shown in Figure 1, second pumping system is arranged on ship 7.

Firstly, ship 7 is for example moved to installation point, and opposite wind turbine 1 from gatehead for example using external ship Or its offshore ground positioning.

Fig. 2 illustrates wind turbine 1 and ship 7 shown in the bow 12.Ship 7 is located at apart from bank base 2 or wind-force At turbine 1, such as 6 preset distance of wind turbine blade.Door 14 is being transported in the closed position during installation point.

After ship 7 is put in correct position, preferably during climax, as shown in Figure 3-4, by the way that door 14 is moved to Their open position (it is signified to press arrow 16), drops to ship on sea bed 13.This makes it possible to that water is passively packed into example Lower decks is flooded, such as to change the buoyancy of ship 7.

Can also be by starting pumping system 15, such as open and pump and open each valve, ship 7 is dropped into sea bed 13 On.This makes it possible to that water is actively packed into lower decks, to change the buoyancy of ship 7.

Ship 7 further comprises upper deck 17, as shown in figure 4, it limits workbench.Ship 7 move to installation point it Before, lift unit 18, such as ship's crane and other to maintain equipments are loaded to upper deck 17 in gatehead.Upper deck 17 wraps Holding unit (not shown) is included, for lift unit 18 to be fixed to upper deck 17.Storage device, such as cabinet or cavity, can It is arranged in hull 8, such as on upper deck 17, the safety for maintain equipment and/or the spare unit of wind turbine 1 is deposited Storage.Lift unit 18 uses during maintenance process, to promote object between wind turbine 1 and ship 7.

Lower decks 19, such as well deck are located at 17 lower section of upper deck, and are set as the potential water during maintenance process Under.The deck 19 is used as the buoyancy module of ship 7, is used for RELATIVE SEA LEVEL 20 and rises and decline ship 7.When not dive, lower first Plate 19 also serves as the second workbench.

Ship 7 includes at least one with respect to the bulwark 21 that upper deck 17 is arranged, for limiting water entry into upper deck 17.Gunnel 22 settings are at 21 top of bulwark.Gunnel 22 defines between sea level 20, such as mean sea level or the sea level of high water time Distance.During maintenance process, because ship 7 is parked on sea bed 13, the Distance Shortened.Ship 7 is set as in tideland area Or shallow water area operation, depth of water is less than the height of ship 7, such as the height of side 10 at this.

Fig. 5-6 illustrates the ship 7 being parked on sea bed 13 during low tide.Ship 7 is down on sea bed 13 by another kind Method is that the sea level 20 of decline is only followed during tide fades to low tide from climax.As shown in figure 5, once ship 7 is parked in On sea bed 13, door 14 is turned on during maintenance process to allow water to enter ship.

During maintenance process, during tide fades to climax from low tide, water energy enough follows the sea level 20 of rising passive Ground flows through ship 7, such as floods lower decks 19.This is able to maintain ship 7 in maintenance process on sea bed 13, is thus not required to Stop maintenance process during climax.

After completing maintenance process, as shown in fig. 6, closing door 14 to prevent water from entering ship 7.Then ship 7 only passes through Sea bed 13 is lifted away from the sea level 20 risen from low tide to climax.

During climax, also all ponding then can be pumped out into ship 7 with pumping system 15 by closing door 14, such as It pumps from lower decks 19, increase ship 7.Selectively, after control unit determines that all doors 14 have been switched off, control can be passed through The unit starting pumping system 15.This enables ship 7 to change buoyancy, so that it lifts away from sea bed 13.

After ship 7 lifts away from sea bed 13, ship 7 can move to another place, such as another installation point, or return to loading Point/harbour.

Fig. 7-8 shows the second exemplary embodiment of ship 7, and the ballast of predetermined number is wherein provided in hull 8 Cabin 23.The ballast tank 23 is used as buoyancy module, so that ship 7 ' being capable of the rise of RELATIVE SEA LEVEL 20 or decline.As shown in fig. 7, ballast tank 23 are distributed along hull 8.

As shown in fig. 7, starting pumping system 15 ' after ship 7 ' is positioned with respect to wind turbine 1 water is pumped into ballast In cabin 23.Each ballast tank 23 is connected to single pumping system 15 '.This makes it possible to that actively water is fitted into buoyancy module, will Ship 7 drops on sea bed 13.

Ship 7 includes the hatchcover 24 of one or more selectable sides 10 that ship 7 is arranged in.The hatchcover 24 is set as Open position is moved to from closed position.Preferably, hatchcover 24 is located at the lower part of hull 8, such as less than eating under loading condition Waterline.Opening mechanism (not shown) is connected to each hatchcover 24, so that hatchcover moves between the open and closed positions.This makes It can be by allowing water as sea level 20 freely flows into and out buoyancy module, so that passively water is fitted into buoyancy module.

Once beginning to maintenance process as shown in figure 8, ship 7 is parked on sea bed 13, thus being provided during tidal fluctuations Stable workbench.After the completion of maintenance process, as shown in fig. 7, making 7 liters of ship by closing hatchcover 24 during low tide From sea bed 13, thus prevent other water from entering in ship 7.Then ship 7 rises with the tidal fluctuations from low tide to climax.

Also water can be pumped out into ballast tank 23 by starting pumping system 15 ', increase ship.When hatchcover 24 close and/ Or after the completion of maintenance process, pumping system 15 ' starts.This enables ship 7 to rise and move to anotherly during climax Point.

The present invention is not limited to embodiment illustrated herein or the embodiments, are not departing from such as Patent right requirement In the case of the scope of the present invention, it can modify or adjust.

Claims (17)

1. a kind of provide the method for stable workbench, wherein the method includes the following steps:

Ship (7) is moved into offshore wind turbines installation point,

Ship (7) described in opposite installation point location,

RELATIVE SEA LEVEL (20) declines the ship (7) towards sea bed (13),

It is characterized in that,

By the way that the buoyancy module of one or more ships (7) is at least partly loaded onto water, until the bottom (9) of the ship (7) is stopped On the sea bed (13), further decline the ship (7) and contacted with the sea bed (13), so that the ship (7) provides Stable workbench, and

During tidal fluctuations, when the ship is parked on the sea bed, via one or more ships for being located at the ship Hatchcover (24) and/or door (14), the buoyancy module on body are passively loaded and are emptied.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein at least part of wind turbine is mounted on the installation Point.

3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes passing through starting pumping system (15), the step of ship (7) being dropped into the sea bed (13), wherein water is actively pumped into one by the pumping system (15) A or multiple buoyancy modules.

4. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the method further includes the following steps: by beating The hatchcover (24) and/or door (14) in one or more hulls (8) for being located at the ship (7) are opened, and via the hatchcover (24) and/or water is passively fitted into one or more buoyancy modules by door (14), so that the ship (7) be made to drop to the sea bed (13) on.

5. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the method further includes making one or more phases To the step that the side part of upper deck (17) setting of the ship (7) moves between retraction position and extended position, wherein Side part in the extended position increases the distance between the gunnel of the sea level (20) and the ship (7).

6. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the method further includes the following steps: providing one Lift unit (18) on a or multiple upper decks (17) in the ship (7), and by using the lift unit (28) At least safeguard or replace one or more wind turbine components of the wind turbine (1) of pre-installation.

7. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the method further includes the following steps: described One or more lift units (18) are set on the upper deck (17) of ship (7), and extremely by using the lift unit (18) It erects less and one or more wind turbine components on offshore ground (2) is installed.

8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that being loaded before the ship (7) is moved to installation point The lift unit (18) and/or one or more wind turbine components are loaded on the ship (7) by point.

9. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that described in stablizing during the operation of the lift unit (18) Ship (7).

10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, by adjust the water at least one described buoyancy module come Stablize the ship (7).

11. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the method further includes the following steps: passing through The water in the buoyancy module is emptied using pumping system (15), and/or by closing the hatchcover (24) and/or door (14), It is achieved in the positive buoyancy of the ship (7), so that the ship (7) be made to rise.

12. method according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the installation point is located at tideland area or shallow water area In.

13. a kind of ship (7) for providing stable workbench, comprising:

Hull (8), including at least flat (9) for being set as being parked on sea bed (13),

Deck (17,19) is arranged in the hull, limits outer workbench,

It is characterized in that,

One or more buoyancy modules are set in the hull (8), and

The ship (7) further comprises the device for buoyancy module to be at least partly packed into water, wherein the institute of the ship (7) Flat (9) are stated to be set as being parked on the sea bed (13), when dropping to the sea bed (13) contact so that the ship (7) stable workbench is provided, and the described device for buoyancy module to be at least partly packed into water is one or more settings Door (14) and/or hatchcover (24) in the hull (8), the door (14) or hatchcover (24) are connected to one or more settings In the buoyancy module in the hull (8) and the opening in one or more hulls (8), wherein the hatchcover (24) or door (14) it is set as moving between open and closed positions.

14. ship according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the buoyancy module is one or more is arranged in the hull (8) ballast tank (23) in, the ballast tank (23) is connected at least one pumping system (15), for adjusting the ballast tank (23) water in.

15. ship according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the deck (17) is set as fixing one or more and mentions It rises unit (18), and selectively one or more wind turbine components.

16. ship according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the lift unit (18) is crane unit.

17. ship according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the wind turbine components are rotor or wind turbine Machine pylon (3).