CN107205699A - 用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的装置和方法以及装置的应用 - Google Patents
用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的装置和方法以及装置的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的按照本发明的装置和方法,所述装置被构成用于,至少基于人类身体部分、尤其人类手指的磁共振波谱分析来检查血液成分。此外,本发明涉及装置的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及按照专利权利要求1所述的用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的装置,和按照专利权利要求12所述的用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的装置的应用以及按照权利要求13所述的用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的方法。
背景技术
对血液、尤其血糖含量的检查是由医学检查领域已知的过程。在此情况下,要么借助于插管要么通过刺入手指所吸取的血液被检查。
在许多糖尿病患者的情况下,后者是日常过程。尤其具有类型1糖尿病的患者必须经常测量其血糖值。当前不存在用于为患者以更可忍受的方式制定所述测量的可靠的无创式方法。
针对无创式方法研究了不同的方案、例如光学方法、例如呼吸的气体分析、生物传感器、基于微波和毫米波的方法等等。迄今还没有开发出可靠的无创式方法。
发明内容
因此,本发明所基于的任务是,说明一种用于无创地检查血液的具有较高的可靠性和适度的校准耗费的相对于现有技术改善的解决方案。
通过在独立专利权利要求中说明的特征解决所述任务。在其他权利要求中说明本发明的有利的构型。
随后进一步阐述本发明:用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的按照本发明的装置被构成用于基于人类身体部分、尤其人类手指的至少一个磁共振波谱分析来检查血液成分。
通过将检查对准身体的一部分,小型化是可能的,所述小型化使检查可供宽的应用领域使用。结合通过对准地使用至少磁共振波谱分析而可能放弃对身体的介入,所述检查变得对于患者更受欢迎的。
装置具有以下自由度,所述自由度能够实现与使用的需求适配的构型或者实施。此外,因此不仅对于医疗助手而且对于要检查的人员使感染风险明显最小化。此外,按照本发明构成的设备可以容易地被消毒。
按照本发明的一种改进方案,所述装置被改进,使得所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析来检测至少一种血液物质进行检查。
直接聚焦于血液物质允许使装置进一步最小化,例如因为通过血液的流动,可以以随时间确定的方式检测一种/多种血液物质的浓度,而不是随受检查的面积确定的方式来检测,如这例如在其他组织部分的情况下可能会是该情况。因此,受检查的部位或者受检查的身体部分的面积尺度可以被选择得非常小。
如在装置的一种改进方案中给出的直接检测适用于检测当前的血糖值,其中所述装置被构成用于通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析检测至少一种血糖物质葡萄糖来进行检查。
可替代地或补充地,本发明可以被改进,使得所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析至少利用与血液物质相关的标记物质(Markerstoff)检测至少一种血液物质来进行检查。
作为替代方案,如果通过直接检测物质对血液物质的检查显得不适当或不可能时,所述改进方案尤其是有利的。然而,如果所述检查原则上是可能的并且被实现了的,那么可以以对直接检测补充的方式进行所述改进方案,以便例如提高在血液中物质的所确定的浓度的值的可靠性。同样地也可设想的是,出于校准目的使用这一点。
为了检查血糖的浓度,本发明优选地被改进,使得所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析借助至少一种与血液物质葡萄糖相关的标记物质、尤其已知的葡萄糖转运体“GLUT”、诸如“GLUT-1”…“GLUT-12”、胰岛素受体“INSR”等等之一检测血液物质葡萄糖来进行检查。对于标记物质、尤其用于糖的标记物质,所述物质的当前研究容许期望在基于其确定浓度时可靠的值。
为此可替代地或补充地,可以有利地改进本发明,使得所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析借助至少一种相关的标记物质、尤其基于氢原子核“1H-MRS”和/或碳原子核“13C-MRS”检测血糖代谢来进行检查,以及被构成有用于评估所述检测的部件,所述部件被构成,使得从属于标记物质的谱导出血糖浓度。
对从血糖的代谢已知的所述物质的当前研究同样容许期望对于可靠的值的合适性(Eignung)。因此对基于直接检测或其他相关物质的检查的校准或补充也是可能的,并且因此用于可靠性的进一步改善的自由度也是可能的。
如果所述装置为了通过基于磁共振波谱分析的检测来检查而被布置有并且在功能上彼此关联地被构成有用于执行磁共振成像的部件、用于执行多普勒测量的部件、用于执行红外线测量的部件、用于执行基于微波的测量的部件和/或传感器、诸如温度传感器,使得根据通过所述部件执行的测量进行所述检测,那么本发明此外以有利的方式被改进。
由此,其他无创式测量方法被使用,以便至少将通过磁共振波谱分析执行的检查最优地根据测量对象设定或校准,或者也提供其他与要检查的物质相关的值,以便从而例如提高值的精度、也即可靠性,或者以便通过测量在分析时排除其他结论或者误差源。
可替代地或补充地,该装置可以被改进,使得所述装置为了通过基于磁共振波谱分析的检测来检查被构成,使得所述装置可以尤其自动地并且尤其在借助校准基片的情况下被校准。
优选地,本发明的以下改进方案也是合适的,其中装置被构成为便携式装置,其具有面向身体部分形成的接纳区域(Aufnahmebereich)、尤其用于接纳手指。由此,测量设备变得可运输,并且因此可以更灵活地被使用。
除了所述装置和其改进方案外,本发明按照本发明也单独地或以在改进方案中给出的装置特征组合的形式涉及方法以及所述装置的应用,用于无创地检查血液成分,所述装置尤其使得能够小型化和可靠地、尤其移动地检测血液物质。
附图说明
根据图阐述其他优点和改进方案。在此,
图1示出如可以在本发明的一个实施例中显示出的磁共振谱(MR),
图2示意性地示出用于血糖测量的MR波谱分析装置作为本发明的第一移动式实施例,
图3示意性地示出用于血糖测量的MR波谱分析装置作为本发明的可替代的第二移动式实施例。
具体实施方式
在图1中可以看出谱,所述谱可以在使用用于基于磁共振波谱分析(MRS)无创地检查血液物质的按照本发明的装置的一种实施方式时显示出。
在此情况下可以看出,按照本发明应用:在活组织中的不同化学物质可以基于其化学位移借助于MRS被标识和量化。
如果按照本发明构成装置,使得血液中的葡萄糖浓度利用1H-MRS或13C-MRS被测量,则形成在图1中示出的示例性磁共振波谱分析(MR波谱分析、MSR)测量。
在此,本发明通过以下方式相比在文献(参见Gruetter R., Novotny E.J.,Boulware S.D., Rothman D.L., Mason G.F., Shulman G.I., Shulman R.G.,Tamborlane W.V.: „Direct measurement of brain glucose concentrations inhumans by 13C NMR spectroscopy“, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992 Dec 15; 89(24) :12208)中所公开的思想而突出,即所述文献在那里仅允许13C-MRS对细胞葡萄糖代谢的认识,并且这不特定地涉及人的组织。
与此相对地,根据按照本发明的实施例,在用于无创地确定葡萄糖浓度的MRS磁共振波谱分析(基于1H或13C-MRS)的情况下,考虑人类血液,这在最广泛的意义上属于结缔组织和支持组织。此外,如下并且尤其由于对准血液而突出,即按照该示例集中于身体的一小部分、例如手指。
在图2中示意性地概述针对人类手指中的血液的检查的第一实施例。
在此可以看出,MRS设备具有用于接纳手指的凹处/穿孔。在装置自身中,可以利用永磁体或借助于其他已知的技术(超导体、电磁体)产生所需要的磁场,用于实现MRS。
在此,可以有利地利用专门成形的、可切换的直流线圈(所谓的匀场线圈)来改善所需要的均匀性。
场强在此可能在几毫特斯拉至多个特斯拉之间伸展。该设备可以以台式NMR光谱仪的形式(参见已知的设备形式、例如“Spinsolve”、“picoSpin”、“NMReady”、“Pulsar”、“Fourier 60”)来实施,也或更大并且处于地面上。
示出的系统可以被改进,使得所述系统可以自动地或借助于校准基片校准,或也可以与作为标准的常规血液测量结合。测量可以如所示出那样利用手指而也利用其他适当的身体部分被执行。
例如在手腕处、尤其包括手腕,或者通过放在皮肤表面处借助于探针在身体的任意对此适当的部位处执行测量。
在此,如果通过先前的MRT图像辅助波谱分析测量,那么可以提高葡萄糖浓度的值的可靠性,因为因此可以对波谱分析测量(血管)的位置准确地定位。按照一种改进方案也可能的是,例如利用多普勒测量来对在脉管中的血流进行定位。
葡萄糖自身的测量而还有其他与此相关的物质、例如胰岛素受体(INSR)或葡萄糖转运体(例如“GLUT-1”)的测量可以给出对于血液中葡萄糖的浓度的情况。所述测量也可以被彼此组合,以便保证较高的精度和可靠性。
为此,按照第一实施例的MRS以及对此所谈及的变型方案和改进方案可以与其他方法、例如基于红外线(IR)或微波的测量共同地被组合,用以获得较高的精度和可靠性,如作为示意图在图3中概述的那样。
为了获得较好的测量精度或为了不必台经常地校准,所提及的示例也可以将MRS也与传感器、例如温度传感器组合。
所介绍的装置和方法方式或者用于确定血液中葡萄糖的浓度的MSR和其他测量装置的应用按照权利要求以细节上作必要的修改的方式也转用于在血液中或者在身体中的其他物质、例如酒精、肾上腺素、皮质醇或睾丸激素,而不仅仅被局限于葡萄糖检查。
Claims (14)
1.用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成用于,至少基于人类身体部分、尤其人类手指的磁共振波谱分析来检查所述血液成分。
2.按照权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析来检测至少一种血液物质进行检查。
3.按照上述权利要求所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析至少检测血糖浓度、尤其葡萄糖进行检查。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析至少利用与血液物质相关的标记物质检测至少一种血液物质来进行检查。
5.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析借助至少一种与血液物质葡萄糖相关的标记物质、尤其已知的葡萄糖转运体“GLUT”、诸如“GLUT-1”…“GLUT-12”、胰岛素受体“INSR”等等之一检测所述血液物质葡萄糖来进行检查。
6.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成用于,通过至少基于磁共振波谱分析借助至少一种相关的标记物质、尤其基于氢原子核“1H-MRS”和/或碳原子核“13C-MRS”检测血糖代谢来进行检查,以及被构成有用于评估所述检测的部件,所述部件被构成,使得从属于所述标记物质的谱导出所述血糖浓度。
7.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为了通过基于磁共振波谱分析的检测来检查而被布置有并且在功能上彼此关联地被构成有用于执行磁共振成像的部件、用于执行多普勒测量的部件、用于执行红外线测量的部件、用于执行基于微波的测量的部件和/或传感器、诸如温度传感器,使得根据通过所述部件执行的测量进行所述检测。
8.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为了通过基于磁共振波谱分析的检测来检查被构成,使得所述装置可以尤其自动地并且尤其借助于校准基片被校准。
9.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置被构成为便携式装置,其具有面向身体部分形成的接纳区域、尤其用于接纳手指。
10.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为了磁共振波谱分析被构成,使得磁场通过永磁体、超导体和/或电磁体产生。
11.按照上述权利要求所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置为了磁共振波谱分析以主动或被动的作用方式具有中间层、所谓的垫片结构。
12.按照上述权利要求之一所述的装置的应用,用于无创地检查至少所述血液成分的部分。
13.用于无创地检查至少血液成分的部分、尤其血液葡萄糖的方法,具有至少一个按照权利要求1-11之一所述的装置。
14.按照权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,使用通过创伤式方法测量的血液样本用于校准,并且借助于无创式磁共振波谱分析来执行对血液成分的基于此的检查。
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Cited By (2)
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CN107951492A (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-24 | 天津大学 | 一种无创血糖检测装置 |
CN112068055A (zh) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 东南大学 | 一种用于人体手指血糖无创核磁共振检测的Halbach磁体 |
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WO2019090418A1 (en) * | 2017-11-12 | 2019-05-16 | Synex Medical Inc. | Wearable blood analyte measurement device and method for measuring blood analyte concentration |
CN114007500A (zh) * | 2019-05-12 | 2022-02-01 | 澳大利亚量子创新有限公司 | 血液分析装置、系统和方法 |
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CN112068055A (zh) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 东南大学 | 一种用于人体手指血糖无创核磁共振检测的Halbach磁体 |
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WO2016128043A1 (de) | 2016-08-18 |
EP3244793A1 (de) | 2017-11-22 |
US20180028100A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
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