CN107203201A - Elevator monitoring method based on CAN - Google Patents
Elevator monitoring method based on CAN Download PDFInfo
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- CN107203201A CN107203201A CN201710506995.2A CN201710506995A CN107203201A CN 107203201 A CN107203201 A CN 107203201A CN 201710506995 A CN201710506995 A CN 201710506995A CN 107203201 A CN107203201 A CN 107203201A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
- G05B23/0224—Process history based detection method, e.g. whereby history implies the availability of large amounts of data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24065—Real time diagnostics
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the elevator monitoring method based on CAN, including：CAN telecommunication circuit, including at least one CAN controller and CAN transceiver；Master controller, it connects the CAN telecommunication circuit, can monitor the working condition of the elevator；Signal acquisition module, it can carry out the communication function between data acquisition and realization and the CAN telecommunication circuit；Alarm module, it connects the master controller, and the working condition of the elevator can be alarmed extremely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to elevator monitoring method, and in particular to the elevator monitoring method based on CAN.
Background technology
Current elevator monitoring system majority can only be directed to several specific elevator models, the ear-lier elevator higher to fault rate
It is compatible bad, cause that the situation of a part can only be covered.
Existing domestic elevator monitoring system interface is typically all simpler and cruder, and many is directly to be made using configuration software
, and configuration software is not appropriate for doing the good application program of User Interface.
Current most domestic elevator monitoring system is the real-time monitoring work(that basis is merely provided without database
Energy and warning function, such system expandable ability are just poor, it is difficult to carried out thereon higher level to elevator
Situation analyzed, elevator monitoring system is also only that have developed some simple functions, such as gone through even with database
History record queries, the distribution of failure situation etc..
The content of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed the elevator monitoring method based on CAN, and one of goal of the invention of the invention is to use
Fieldbus realizes elevator monitoring system as communications carrier, reduces transmission error, real-time storage and monitoring are carried out to data.
The two of the goal of the invention of the present invention are the active fire alarms that elevator monitoring system is completed using BP neural network algorithm,
Reduce because of the accident that elevator triggers.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：
Elevator monitoring method based on CAN, including：
CAN telecommunication circuit, including at least one CAN controller and CAN transceiver；
Master controller, it connects the CAN telecommunication circuit, can monitor the working condition of the elevator；
Signal acquisition module, it can carry out the communication between data acquisition and realization and the CAN telecommunication circuit
Function；
Alarm module, it connects the master controller, and the working condition of the elevator can be alarmed extremely.
Preferably, toggle switch is set in the signal acquisition module, and the signal acquisition module passes through to described group
Between data and the CAN telecommunication circuit that code switch gathers data and the signal acquisition module after being read out
Communication function.
Preferably, in addition to：Background function module, it is used for the transmission data for monitoring the CAN telecommunication circuit.
Preferably, the background function module includes：
Active fire alarm module, it is used to judge whether elevator has failure risk；
Main interface module, it is used for the working condition for refreshing elevator；
Alarm monitoring module, it is used to judge whether elevator work is abnormal.
Preferably, timer is set in the signal acquisition module.
Preferably, the CAN transceiver is CTM1050T chips.
Preferably, the alarm module is GSM alarm modules.
Preferably, it is characterised in that early warning is carried out to elevator using BP neural network, comprised the following steps：
Step 1: according to the sampling period, gathered data includes elevator loading, car switch door noise, three electricity of traction machine
Stream, three voltages of traction machine, vertical vibration acceleration, horizontal vibration acceleration, vertical direction acceleration, vertical direction are slowed down
Degree, elevator main motor temperature, accident brake coil temperature and computer room temperature；
Step 2: above-mentioned signal is handled, the elevator loading, car switch door noise, three electric currents of traction machine,
Three voltages of traction machine, vertical vibration acceleration, horizontal vibration acceleration, vertical direction acceleration and vertical direction deceleration
Data processing, the elevator main motor temperature, accident brake coil temperature and computer room are carried out by S π membership functions
Temperature carries out data processing by Gauss π membership function, determines the input layer of three layers of BP neural network；
Step 3: the input layer DUAL PROBLEMS OF VECTOR MAPPING is to hidden layer, the hidden layer vector Y={ Y1,Y2,……,Yh}；H is
Hidden layer node number；
Step 4: obtaining output node layer T={ T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6}；Wherein, T1For elevator traction machine failure system
Number, T2For loop fault coefficient, T3For door machine failure coefficient, T4For electric life controller failure coefficient, T5Inputted for three phase mains single
First failure coefficient, T6For frequency converter failure coefficient.
Preferably, in the step 3, the hidden layer node number h is met,Wherein,
n′iFor input layer number, n '0For output layer nodes, c is the number between 1~10.
Preferably, the hidden layer activation primitive is hyperbolic tangent function, and the output layer activation primitive is non-linear
Logarithm S type functions.
The present invention is had the advantage that compared with prior art：
1st, fieldbus of the present invention as communications carrier realize by computer management elevator monitoring system, can be by difference
The product of product or different manufacturers is linked together by fieldbus, and fieldbus is transmitted using data signal, and one
As with arbitration and the ability such as error detection, can effectively reduce transmission error；
2nd, the present invention is stored and monitored to the signal that elevator signal acquisition system is collected, and is completed to the real-time of elevator
Monitoring, can be efficiently completed fault alarm function, complete historical data analysis function；
3rd, the present invention is using the data mining algorithm of BP neural network, the active fire alarm for completing elevator monitoring system
Function, the potential development trend of some things and hidden danger are analyzed using data mining, can greatly reduce what is triggered by elevator
Accident.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is elevator monitoring system frame diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is elevator monitoring system bottom layer signal figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the background function module map of elevator monitoring system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is CAN network topology structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is elevator monitoring system signal sectional drawing schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is signal acquisition device module structure drafting of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is CAN partial circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is surface chart of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is parameter interface figure of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structure chart of three-layer neural network of the present invention.
Figure 11 is BP neural network propagation algorithm flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
As shown in figure 1, elevator monitoring system frame diagram.The present invention is realized by calculating using fieldbus as communications carrier
The elevator monitoring system of machine management, elevator is run in a computer, by computer as monitored main body, control centre
Operational capability is monitored to elevator running situation, when judging that elevator situation is abnormal, can notify custodian by certain means
Member either elevator mainte-nance personnel is handled abnormal.Elevator signal getter is got after information, it is necessary to be wrapped into, envelope
A packet is dressed up, is sent to by CAN transceiver module in CAN network.On computers, one is existed to connect
Enter to the CAN module in CAN network, the module can collect packet, and be sent by serial ports into computer.
As shown in Fig. 2 system bottom signal acquisition device is constituted.The underlying services of elevator monitoring system refer to CAN network and
Following all services.It provides the service data of elevator for system upper strata, and main achievement unit is divided into signal acquisition device, this hair
The elevator monitoring system of bright design is primarily directed to old elevator, because their model differs, the function of support also differs
Sample, the design of input/output port is also different, in order to solve this problem, the design added on signal acquisition device one can be with
Toggle switch for configuring elevator model, signal acquisition device can be by being read out, then with collection number to toggle switch
According to uploading together, gone to determine the implication of each pin by the computer background service on upper strata.
As shown in figure 3, background function module frame chart, background function module inlet is monitored for serial ports, it is total that it is responsible for monitoring CAN
The data transmitted on gauze network.After data are uploaded, allocation list manager can be from reading configuration, and assign the data of upload and specifically anticipate
Justice, is arranged after finishing by data preparation module, data memory module can be transferred to be stored in database.
Data preparation module can give data data distribution module simultaneously, and data can be given needs by data distribution module
The module of the data, one has three, is active fire alarm module, main interface and alarm monitoring respectively.Active fire alarm mould
Block backstage can judge the whether faulty risk of elevator according to the historical data of elevator；Main interface is used for the work shape for refreshing elevator
State；Whether alarm monitoring module can abnormal according to the work of the parameter decision elevator of alarm manager, if abnormal, according to alarm
The contact method generation warning message that manager is provided, and call GSM drivings to send alarm, GSM is used to drive a GSM alarm
Device, alarm supports TTS technologies, can play text-to-speech in phone.
Main interface can create three backstage submodules, be user authority management device respectively, for handling user management side
The background logic in face；Data query result maker, is supported for providing data for data query；Alarm manager, for managing
Manage every threshold value and administrative staff's contact method that user is set.
As shown in figure 4, many CAN network topology structures a, computer can receive the number of multiple CAN networks
According to each CAN network is a Star Network, and this network topology mode can lift CAN to a certain extent
The stability of network and the situation of network congestion is avoided to occur.
As shown in figure 5, elevator monitoring system signal intercepts schematic diagram, elevator monitoring system of the invention is based on existing
System on elevator device, so first taking out the method for operation of most of elevator, and herein on basis, finds a conjunction
Suitable insertion point, elevator monitoring system is inserted among normal elevator device, realizes the monitoring to the running situation of elevator.
As shown in fig. 6, signal acquisition device module structure drafting, the function of signal picker is that the signal inputted to external world is carried out
Collection, the signal of collection is probably that analog signal is also likely to be data signal, and signal picker is carried out not to different input ports
Same processing.Configuration is determined using a toggle switch, the information collected and configuration numbering are sent into signal afterwards turns
In parallel operation.
A timer is there is inside signal picker, each input port is scanned as timing cycle, when scanning through
, can again regularly after one time, wait is scanned next time.In addition, also one toggle switch manager, this manager
Major function is to determine the information collected is the information of which kind of classification actually, safeguards there is a table in systems, marks off
Using different configuration items, scanning information can just obtain the specific meaning of information plus configuration item.
Data converter only one of which function is exactly the operation for completing information being transformed into standard data bag.Packet
Format design it is as shown in table 1；
The format design of the packet of table 1
Configuration numbering is that, for the configuration of this signal acquisition of notification server device, data explanation is to be used to save A/D conversions
The space-consuming for the data that passage is collected.
CAN interface module is the module that correspondence with foreign country is provided for single-chip microcomputer, and it is total that the module is merely responsible for initialization CAN
The packet that lane controller, reception data converter are sent, and send it on the CAN node that address is 0x00.
CAN interface inside modules are made up of two parts：Part I is：CAN is safeguarded.It is responsible for CAN the part
Safeguarded, the initial work to CAN controller is carried out at the beginning of startup, includes setting, the transmission of each register
Buffering area is filled in.Be required send data when, according to the template completion relevant information being pre-designed and complete send.Second
Part is：CAN data splitter.It can transmit due to each frame of data frame that the CAN used in the design is used
Effective byte size is 8Byte, so when handling big packet, it is necessary to take packet apart transmission, data splitter meeting
Packet is split as several data frames according to size, then each data frame is numbered, numbering will be carried
Packet feeding CAN maintenance module is sent.
In the present invention, the CTM1050T chips that CAN transceiver is used, are integrated with all CAN total in the chip
Line transceiver part, and total size is no more than 3cm2, meet the standards of ISO 11898, the chip model that CAN controller is used
To be SJA1000T.PeliCAN patterns are used in the present invention, in such a mode, SJA1000T can support all
CAN2.0B specifications.
As shown in fig. 7, CAN partial circuit diagram, CTM1050T is controlled by SJA1000T, using only RX and TX two
Individual pin, is respectively connected to SJA1000T TX0 and RX0, and it is about 120 to need to access a resistance between CANL in CANH
The terminal resistance of ohm, but the resistance is in whole CAN network, it is thus only necessary to one just can be with not every section
Point is required for terminal resistance, so terminal resistance directly can be connected in bus.SJA100T0 is attached with single-chip microcomputer, wherein
AD0 to AD7 is as data wire, ALE/AS, CS, RD, and WR is as control line, and in addition, SJA needs to connect a crystal oscillator as letter
Number source, and there is provided the working condition that a middle fracture is used to facilitate single-chip microcomputer to control SJA1000T.
Single-chip microcomputer uses the STC15F2K60S2 in STC single-chip microcomputers series, and the single-chip microcomputer supports eight A/D passages,
Maximum operation frequency can reach 33MHz, support power down wake-up and hardware watchdog.The effect of the single-chip microcomputer in hardware circuit
For signal acquisition and controlling CAN controller, P1 is A/D ALT-CH alternate channels in circuit, because voltage to be detected is all higher than 5V,
So discharging into row partial pressure using resistance, the analog voltage less than 5V is converted into, the too rootlet of row is hindered it is believed that number getter will be obtained
Information it is different and different, just can be with during acquisition high voltage, it is necessary to make using 5K when obtaining the input/output signal of elevator
Partial pressure is arranged with 100k or so resistance.CD4067, CD4067 has been used to be switched for 16 tunnels analogies in terms of digital switch quantity, although
There is interference, but digital quantity is not influenceed, equally used resistance to carry out partial pressure in delivery outlet.Because single single-chip microcomputer can not be supervised
All signals of an elevator are controlled, so needing plus a toggle switch determination configuration, different configurations represents that collection is different
Content.Network A D is to be linked into CAN network portion as data/address bus, and others are control CAN network portion
's.
Signal acquisition device in the present invention has used dual power supply switching circuit, in the case where there is 12V to power, uses 12V
Power supply, powers while cutting off battery, in the case that 12V power supplys are lacked, can switch power to reserve battery and power, so
Design be able in the case of power down, send out loss of power signal to computer, notify administrative staff to check.
The Software for Design of signal acquisition device is mainly based upon single-chip microcomputer STC15F2K60S2 in the present invention, and software will be realized fixed
When each input port of scan round input information, determine the meaning of input port information according to toggle switch, generate normal data
Bag, and CAN controller, including initialization CAN controller and transmission data can be operated.Signal acquisition device it is soft
Part design has been divided into four parts, is CAN transmitting-receiving, timing scan, the generation of normal data bag and hardware watchdog respectively.
In the SJA1000T that the CAN controller of the design is used, therefore the main work in transceiver part of CAN
Appearance is exactly to operate SJA1000T.Substantially it is exactly the operation to its each register to SJA1000T operation.CAN drives
Code refers to the SJA1000T register address and an entitled SJA1000T_ defined in the SJA1000T header files of definition
Write () function.
The timing scan program of the design is divided into two parts.It is timing cycle part first, next to that sweep test.It is fixed
When cyclic part bring into operation after system start-up, the TIMER0 that timing scan program is used is as timer, timing
20ms, frequency acquisition is 50HZ, with civil power 220v same frequencys.Program changes TH0 registers and TL0 registers first, and setting is followed
Ring count, then open it is total interrupt, program is exited, and timer will be entered in interruption, in interrupt function to after the time afterwards
One global variable can be set, Ture is set to, mark is interrupted in then cleaning, and circulation is entered herein.Sweep test is fixed
When scanning imaging system core, the partial code entrance mark be configured in interrupt 1 interrupt function, code is located at
In main thread.When sweep test, which is detected, allows scanning to be designated True, start scanning, and identify scanning again finally
It is changed to False.Scanning function scans eight A/D ALT-CH alternate channels one by one first, and according to the resistance of bleeder circuit, calculates original
Some voltage, ultimately forms an array reservation.Control CD4067 scanning digital amounts one by one again afterwards, be also stored in an array,
Data packet generator is finally issued into configuration together with array, whole scanning processes are completed.
The data packet generator of the design is responsible for reading toggle switch position in the design, and then determines configuration.From
Learnt in hardware design, signal acquisition device has used two I/O mouthfuls, four configurations can only be at most used, in the storage of single-chip microcomputer
In device, four tables are stored, four kinds of different configurations are indicated.The array for scanning generation can be delivered to data by timing scan program
Bag maker, data packet generator needs to generate array into the packet of a reference format, sends to CAN module.Its
Data in middle packet illustrate it is description A/D ALT-CH alternate channel data, and it is described using a byte, current channel
It is 1 in the presence of input, no input is 0.A/D scanning arrays have collectively constituted data plus the data signal scanning array of two bytes
Content.
The programming of present system Stability Maintenance is constituted：
1st, hardware watchdog function is supported using single-chip microcomputer, the function of house dog is after system starts house dog, to see
Before door dog starts timing, within the time of restriction, that is, WatchDog Timer overflows, system has to carry out " feeding dog " behaviour
Make, that is, empty WatchDog Timer, allow it to restart to count, if still there is no " feeding dog " to time system, see
It is winged that door dog thinks that system program has been run, meeting direct reduction single-chip microcomputer, allows system to restart work, to avoid system from being absorbed in
Endless loop either program entanglement.Since it is considered that the reason for CAN is received and dispatched in the design, so house dog overflows the time about
For 1s, complete to scan in every subsystem, sent by CAN after data, code control can give back main circulating program, by
Main circulating program carries out the work of " feeding dog ", it is to avoid overflow.If mistake occurs in this CAN node, system can be trapped in
CAN is sent in code, that is, can trigger house dog execution reset operation, resets whole signal picker；
2nd, it is powered using dual power supply, if main electricity power down, battery supply can be started, is enabling battery electricity
During source, system can restart, and the system after startup can start gathered data according to blas, but be due to main power source
Power-off, so the signal collected is entirely 0, in this case, system will send a power down by CAN and warn
Report.Monitoring software is received after this packet in calculating, it is possible to directly trigger elevator power down alarm according to address in packet.
Power down error detection code is located in system major cycle as house dog, writes on after data packet generator, is sent to CAN total
Before line transmitting/receiving program.
The design is that elevator monitoring system is a real-time system from MySQL main cause, and MySQL data are deposited
It is than faster, so being adapted to do the database of elevator monitoring system to store up speed.Three parts are devised in database
Tables of data, is respectively intended to carry out user management, elevator management, alarm parameters management, user management has only used user's pipe
Table is managed, as shown in table 2；
The user management table of table 2
| Sequence number | Title | Data type | Implication |
| 1 | UserName | text | User name |
| 2 | Password | text | User cipher (md5 encryption) |
| 3 | Auth | integer | User right |
| 4 | LastLogin | datetime | Last login time |
Elevator management is the combination for managing the table of elevator, includes elevator list, allocation list and elevator data table,
Elevator management table is as shown in table 3；
The elevator management table of table 3
| Sequence number | Title | Data type | Implication |
| 1 | LiftID | integer | Elevator major key |
| 2 | Desc | text | The description information of elevator |
| 3 | Floor | integer | The elevator number of plies |
| 4 | Position | text | Elevator location |
Allocation list is description elevator arrangement, and an elevator may have multiple configurations, because may be attached on an elevator
There is the unlike signal getter on multiple signal acquisition devices, an elevator to use a configuration, allocation list such as table 4
It is shown；
The allocation list of table 4
Elevator data table is used for storing the data of signal acquisition device upload, as shown in table 5；
The elevator data table of table 5
| Sequence number | Title | Data type | Implication |
| 1 | DataID | integer | Tables of data major key |
| 2 | SettingID | integer | External key, points to allocation list |
| 3 | CollectTime | DataTime | The record collection date |
| 4 | LiftID | integer | External key, points to elevator table |
| 5 | AD0 | integer | The data of analog signal channel 0 |
| 6 | …… | …… | …… |
| 7 | AD7 | integer | The data of analog signal channel 0 |
| 8 | Dig0 | integer | The data of digital channel 0 |
| 9 | …… | …… | …… |
| 10 | Dig15 | integer | The data of digital channel 1 |
Alarming and managing table is used for storing alarm configuration information, has used two tables of data, is alarm contact method respectively
Table and alarm parameters table, alarm contact method table are as shown in table 6；
The alarm contact method table of table 6
Alarm parameters are used for the parameter alarm threshold value for allowing user to set some elevator, when the data that elevator is uploaded do not exist
When in the range of alarm parameters, alarm will be triggered, parameter can directly be set by user, and alarm parameters table is as shown in table 7；
The alarm parameters table of table 7
| Sequence number | Title | Data type | Implication |
| 1 | AlertSettingID | integer | Alarm parameters table major key |
| 2 | LiftID | integer | External key, points to numbering of elevator |
| 3 | SettingID | text | External key, points to allocation list |
| 4 | AD0 | text | The data area of analog signal channel 0 |
| 5 | …… | …… | …… |
| 6 | AD7 | text | The data area of analog signal channel 7 |
| 7 | Dig0 | text | The data area of digital channel 0 |
| 8 | …… | …… | …… |
| 9 | Dig15 | text | The data area of digital channel 15 |
Data management service module is used for the data for receiving the upload of signal acquisition device in the design, and in reading database
Allocation list assigns data implication, and the elevator data table in database is stored in afterwards, and finally data are dished out the module to needs.
According to its function, data management service module needs serial port drive module, data processing module.Wherein serial port drive module is responsible for
The access to CAN network is completed, specific buffering area is write and is used for upper procedure；It is divided into two in data processing module
Point, the implication of the complete paired data of Part I is assigned, and generates the example class of a data, and data storage, Part II be by
Data give the module needed to use.Two parts may be considered self-existent, and serial port drive class is defined as follows：
Wherein ComDrive is constructed fuction, it is necessary to be passed to the serial port used, and transmission speed, and acquiescence uses number
According to position 8, stop position 1, the mode of no parity check.The owner of class can use OpenCom and CloseCom function operation strings
The switch of mouth.When uploading data, ReceiveData functions can be triggered, the function judges the legitimacy of data, if tested
Card passes through, and can check whether event ReceiveDataHandle was set, if set, thing is notified by event
The registrant of part, if not calling SetReceiveDataHandle, data can be dropped.
After data are via ComDrive, configuration ID and data the generation data instance that data management service can be in data
Class.
In the design.Main interface program has point of foreground interface and background function.Foreground interface is used for that elevator fortune is presented
Row state, parameter and the entrance for providing various functions, background function are responsible for foreground interface and provide support.
Such as Fig. 8, foreground interface is divided into two regions, is menu function area, elevator running situation instruction area respectively, double-clicks electricity
It is terraced then occur elevator it is detailed operational factor displaying.Wherein menu bar is the entrance of each function above, including for completing one
The system that sets a bit is set, the historical record inquiry of inquiry elevator history data, managing user information user management with
And the alarm setting of alarm relevant information is set.Lower section provides two buttons, when elevator is excessive, can use the two by
Button carries out page turning.Elevator for the number of plies more than 9 layers, then can add two control buttons, check the different numbers of plies.Click elevator
In the case of words, high-storey, the position of current elevator can be navigated to, lowrise layer is reactionless.If double-clicking elevator, this can be entered
On the detail parameters interface of elevator.
As shown in figure 9, on detail parameters interface, the detail parameters of selected elevator can be provided, generally comprise call state,
Running status, door state, limit switch state, frequency converter state etc., if the elevator has some unique parameters, also may be used
To show, but need to carry out just being automatically generated displayed entries with postponing the interface in advance in database.
Main interface background function is mainly responsible for completing the refreshing to interface, and it is after the initialization at interface is completed, registration
The data management service event of system notifies that, when elevator operation changes, natural background function can be notified, and then
Refresh interface, reach the purpose of real-time exhibition.In addition, background function is also responsible for the action processing of each button and control,
Whether main interface is a circulation, if having data to upload and notified depending on data management service module, in no data notification
When, main interface exchanges control to operating system, main when data management service module notifies to have new data to upload
Control is withdrawn at interface, starts to continue executing with, and according to the content in the data instance got, updates the state of elevator, and repair
Change interface, finally give operating system again by control, it is allowed to which user operates.
As user, when main interface selects user management, there is provided following three button, the different user management of correspondence
Module section is increase user respectively, deletes user, change user cipher, and user management is equally divided into foreground interface and backstage
Realize, foreground interface includes three interfaces, each function provides an interface.It is data inspection, password encryption that backstage, which is realized,
And the operation to database.
Increase user can provide one allow user increase a user interface, user need input one user name with
And input password, click on after confirming button, pass through if checked, a user can be increased in database, if do not passed through
The reason for pointing out unsuccessfully, except addition is outdoor, also deletes user function, and delete user's reference is Windows account
Number management function, can only delete other authorities less than the user of oneself, and can not delete the account of oneself, delete user interface and carry
A list has been supplied, all accounts that can be deleted are listed, selected account will be deleted by clicking on to delete after selection, and modification is used
Family cryptographic interface provides a function of allowing user to change the password of oneself, from unlike increase user, changing user
In password, user name cannot be changed, and what is presented in interface is not revisable state, the backstage of user management module
Function is connection database and provides user profile encryption, is realized by a user management class.
The design information checks that the function of module is to check whether the running situation of elevator is normal.The signal of elevator is mostly several
Word amount, is not to set threshold value soluble, so needing to check that module judges elevator whether in normal work, inspection by information
Look into content and stop exception, misoperation, voltage x current value including door switch exception, floor.When data are by data management service mould
When block delivers to information inspection module, information checks that module can travel through four above-mentioned situations, as long as there occurs exception, will produce
Abnormal information, sends alarm.
In the design GSM alarm modules provide alarm support, user can by set interface set alarm number, when
Information check module dish out alarm examination, just by GSM alarm modules according to alarm number progress alarm can also pass through external call
Directly produce an alarm.GSM alarms use a entitled FB200-B alarm, and the alarm uses RS232
Communications protocol, directly can be communicated with computer, it is only necessary to use the ATL instructions and transmission short message for sending TTS voices
ATM is instructed.
The present invention can inquire about the historical record of any one elevator, wherein can mainly check the alarm note of history
Record, can check curve map, two kinds of figures of list.
The present invention using the database, data warehouse and the server that are provided by SQLServer, data mining engine and with
It is upper to need oneself design to realize.There is no Visualized User Interface in the design, the backstage output directly used.
The present invention is using the data mining algorithm of neutral net, the data cleansing work carried out first, elevator signal acquisition
Device is continuous progress data uploading operation, and to reduce the burden of model, data must be washed, and this process is put in data
Enter and carried out before data warehouse, first check the difference of this gathered data and last gathered data, directly lost if indifference
Abandon, have differences, be put into data warehouse.Next to that the pretreatment work of data, for the elevator monitoring system designed herein
System is, it is necessary to which what is completed is transformation of scale and numeric data conversion work.Due to neural network model range of receiving [- 1.0,
0] between [0.0,1.0], and the scope of elevator monitoring data is limited considerably beyond this, so needing carry out ratio change
Change, what is be predicted in elevator monitoring system using neural network model is voltage and electric current, and voltage range is 0-311V, electricity
Flow scope then different according to circuit difference, these are required for mapping that in the range of neural network model acceptable.
In addition also need to value data to change, used this form of allocation list to describe elevator data in elevator monitoring system and contained
Justice, and neutral net is not receive non-numeric data processing, so needing, by the data expansion in database, to set up Hash letter
Number, is that each gathered data generates unique reference numbers.
The neural network algorithm that the present invention is used comprises the following steps：
Step 1: setting up BP god by network model.
BP networks are usually to be made up of input layer, hidden layer and output layer, and hidden layer can be adopted with multiple between different layers
It is attached with one-to-many interconnection mode, connectionless between the node of same layer, three layers of the BP nerve nets that the design is used
Network, three layers of network depth can solve the problems, such as general Function Fitting.Back-propagation algorithm is weighed using gradient method amendment
Value, it is desirable to which output function can be micro-, using Sigmoid functions as output function, Figure 10 is the structure chart of three layers of BP neural network.
XiRepresent a certain node signal of input layer；YhRepresent the output signal of implicit a certain node；TjRepresent echo signal；
ωihRepresent input layer i hidden layer node h connection weight；ωhjRepresent hidden layer node h output node layer j's
Connection weight；Δ represents the error between echo signal and output signal；N1Represent input layer number；N2Represent hidden layer section
Points；N3Represent output layer nodes.
Hidden layer node is output as：yh=f (neth)；
Output node layer is output as：zj=f
(netj)；
Error function is：
Defining partial gradient is：
Consider weights ωihInfluence to error：
Modified weight should be such that error reduces as soon as possible, and correction is：ωih(t+1)=ωih(t)+
Δωih(t)；
For Sigmoid functions：
To accelerate the convergence rate of network, previous modified weight amount, Δ ω are added in modified weight amountih(t)=-
η·δh·yh+α·Δωih(t-1)
Wherein, θhFor the offset of input layer and implicit interlayer；ΥjFor the offset of hidden layer and output interlayer；η is
Practise step-length；α is inertia term coefficient；Figure 11 is BP neural network propagation algorithm flow chart；For network node number, currently without
Clear and definite theory relation shows contacting between nodes and result, passes through training sample and the experiment effect of test sample, sheet
It is literary that the nodes for determining hidden layer are finally used as using following equation：Wherein, n ' is hidden layer nodes,
n′iFor input layer number, n '0For output layer nodes, c is the number between 1~10.
In the present invention, input signal is 11, including：
(1) elevator loading, (2) car switch door noise, three electric currents of (3) traction machine, three voltages of (4) traction machine, (5)
Vertical vibration acceleration, (6) horizontal vibration acceleration, (7) vertical direction acceleration, (8) vertical direction deceleration, (9) main frame
Motor temperature, (10) accident brake coil temperature, (11) computer room temperature；Above signal as neutral net input to
Amount, wherein the signal of (1)-(8) etc. 8 uses S π membership functions；(9), 3 signals such as (10), (11) are subordinate to letter using Gaussian
Number form is into " relatively low ", " normal ", three linguistic variables such as " higher "；Therefore, input layer number is 3 × 3+8=17；
By analyzing the failure cause of elevator and consulting the common 6 output fault-signal that pertinent literature can obtain elevator：
(1) elevator traction machine failure, (2) loop fault, (3) door machine failure, (4) electric life controller failure, the input of (5) three phase mains are single
First failure, (6) frequency converter failure；
By formula mentioned above：
Understand, node in hidden layer is system optimization, therefore hidden layer when the hidden layer number of plies is 20 layers between 6-20
Nodes are 20；Therefore, Internet is 3 layers.Input layer number is 17, and 11 elevator faults information of this layer are believed as input
Number；Output layer nodes are 6, and this layer represents the fault message obtained from input layer and be adjusted the troubleshooting after weight coefficient
After have 6 output fault-signals；Node in hidden layer is 20, and the layer application BP neural network algorithm carries out optimization instruction to sample
Practice.Before training, initial offset and weights take the number between (- 5,5), and this ten number is optimized, and draw optimization solution, i.e., inclined
Shifting amount is fixed as 0.5, then carries out network training.The design reduces error, and limit to improve the accuracy of input vector
The scope of output vector is [- 1,1], and hidden layer activation primitive elects hyperbolic tangent function as, and the activation primitive of output layer elects non-as
Linear-logarithmic S type functions；As shown in table 8, given the value of each node in one group of training sample, training process.
The value of each node in the training sample of table 8, training process
In order to improve the pace of learning of algorithm, the trainlm functions using correspondence Levenberg Marquardt algorithms enter
Row measuring and calculating, the weights of the algorithm are according to dX=- (jXT*jX+I*mu)-1* E is modified, and wherein jX is error to weights differential
Jacobian matrixes, E is error vector, and mu is adjustment amount.Training error is 10-4。
Assuming that having P to training sample, then pth is to training sample training error：Made with mean square deviation
For total output error：
Wherein, n represents output layer nodes,T-th of node reality output of expression pth group sample output layer, p=1,
2,3 ..., p, t=1,2,3 ..., n,T-th of node desired output of expression pth group sample output layer, p=1,2,3 ...,
P, t=1,2,3 ..., n, (Ef)2Represent whole sample output errors；As shown in table 9, it is training sample table；
The training sample table of table 9
In order to improve the accuracy of training, data are pre-processed when data are trained, it is as follows：
Data prediction
After data processing, with training function traingdm triggerings.If frequency of training is more than epochs, performance function
Less than goal, Grad is less than mingrad, or the training time will terminate more than time training.Program code is as follows：
Training result shows that the algorithm is trained very soon to network, and iterations is significantly reduced, and convergence rate adds
It hurry up, pass through sample training and emulation, using the data mining algorithm of BP neural network, the active for completing elevator monitoring system
Formula warning function, for analyzing some potential development trends of things and hidden danger, is reduced because the effect for the accident that elevator triggers shows
Write；After processing, data are as shown in table 3.
The value of each node in the training sample of table 3, training process
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (10)
1. the elevator monitoring method based on CAN, it is characterised in that including：
CAN telecommunication circuit, including at least one CAN controller and CAN transceiver；
Master controller, it connects the CAN telecommunication circuit, can monitor the working condition of the elevator；
Signal acquisition module, it can carry out the communication function between data acquisition and realization and the CAN telecommunication circuit；
Alarm module, it connects the master controller, and the working condition of the elevator can be alarmed extremely.
2. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 1 based on CAN, it is characterised in that the signal acquisition module
Middle setting toggle switch, the signal acquisition module by being read out to the toggle switch after data and the signal are adopted
Collect the communication function between the data and the CAN telecommunication circuit of module collection.
3. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 based on CAN, it is characterised in that also include：Backstage work(
Energy module, it is used for the transmission data for monitoring the CAN telecommunication circuit.
4. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 3 based on CAN, it is characterised in that the background function module
Including：
Active fire alarm module, it is used to judge whether elevator has failure risk；
Main interface module, it is used for the working condition for refreshing elevator；
Alarm monitoring module, it is used to judge whether elevator work is abnormal.
5. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 4 based on CAN, it is characterised in that the signal acquisition module
Middle setting timer.
6. the elevator monitoring method based on CAN as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the CAN transceiver is
CTM1050T chips.
7. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 6 based on CAN, it is characterised in that the alarm module is GSM
Alarm module.
8. the elevator monitoring method based on CAN as any one of claim 1,2,4-7, it is characterised in that adopt
Early warning is carried out to elevator with BP neural network, comprised the following steps：
Step 1: according to the sampling period, gathered data includes elevator loading, car switch door noise, three electric currents of traction machine, draged
Draw three voltages of machine, vertical vibration acceleration, horizontal vibration acceleration, vertical direction acceleration, vertical direction deceleration, elevator
Main frame motor temperature, accident brake coil temperature and computer room temperature；
Step 2: above-mentioned signal is handled, the elevator loading, car switch door noise, traction machine three electric currents, tractions
Three voltages of machine, vertical vibration acceleration, horizontal vibration acceleration, vertical direction acceleration and vertical direction deceleration pass through
S π membership functions carry out data processing, the elevator main motor temperature, accident brake coil temperature and computer room temperature
Data processing is carried out by Gauss π membership function, the input layer of three layers of BP neural network is determined；
Step 3: the input layer DUAL PROBLEMS OF VECTOR MAPPING is to hidden layer, the hidden layer vector Y={ Y1,Y2,…,Yh}；H is hidden layer
Node number；
Step 4: obtaining output node layer T={ T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6}；Wherein, T1For elevator traction machine failure coefficient, T2For
Loop fault coefficient, T3For door machine failure coefficient, T4For electric life controller failure coefficient, T5For three phase mains input block failure
Coefficient, T6For frequency converter failure coefficient.
9. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 8 based on CAN, it is characterised in that in the step 3, institute
Hidden layer node number h satisfactions are stated,Wherein, n 'iFor input layer number, n '0For output layer nodes,
C is the number between 1~10.
10. the elevator monitoring method as claimed in claim 9 based on CAN, it is characterised in that the hidden layer activates letter
Number is hyperbolic tangent function, and the output layer activation primitive is non-linear logistic S type functions.
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