CN107202701A - The test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test - Google Patents
The test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107202701A CN107202701A CN201710446263.9A CN201710446263A CN107202701A CN 107202701 A CN107202701 A CN 107202701A CN 201710446263 A CN201710446263 A CN 201710446263A CN 107202701 A CN107202701 A CN 107202701A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test, wherein, lorry body, which is placed on testing stand, carries out accelerated fatigue test, and test method includes：Step S1：Echo signal is obtained according to railway freight-car actual operation parameters；Step S2：Signal excitation is carried out to testing stand and the first drive signal of testing stand is obtained；Step S3：First drive signal is loaded onto testing stand and the signal that meets with a response；Step S4：Error signal is obtained according to echo signal and response signal；Step S5：The first drive signal is modified according to error signal and the second drive signal is obtained；Step S6：Second drive signal is loaded onto testing stand and starts lorry body accelerated fatigue test.Technical scheme solves the problem of lorry body fatigue test method of the prior art has larger error with actual motion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway freight-car test equipment field, accelerate fatigue in particular to a kind of lorry body
The test method of experiment.
Background technology
The car body accelerated fatigue test research of railway freight-car is the developing important key link of international heavy-duty freight car,
Simultaneously with the development and utilization of Rapid freight train, the problem of light-weighted car body is equally faced with fatigue.Wherein, in the prior art
The lorry body that lorry body accelerated fatigue test uses american railway transportation technology center (TTCI) is tired
Labor rig for testing.TTCI testing stands are established in 1977, and it is exactly to solve railway freight-car service life evaluation problem to build purpose, its
When carrying out car body accelerated fatigue test, the drive signal of testing stand actuator input is gathered when being by vehicle line testing results
What the acceleration transducer data of longitudinal coupler force and bolster were determined.Using the vertical, transverse acceleration signal on the bolster of acquisition,
Carry out quadratic integral calculating and filtering process, hung down, lateral displacement signal, be used as on testing stand hang down, horizontal actuator input
Drive signal, hitch force signal as the drive signal that longitudinal actuator is inputted on testing stand, then to hanging down, horizontal, longitudinal direction drives
Dynamic signal is adjusted, and connects every kilometer of every kilometer of damage damaged with circuit testing results of several critical stress points on car body
Closely, final drive signal is obtained, and loading completion car body accelerated fatigue test is carried out by this signal.However, above-mentioned TTCI
Testing stand has the following problems：
When carrying out car body accelerated fatigue test, subject car body is arranged on 2 simulation bolster of testing stand.Hang down, laterally
Actuator excitation is directly applied on simulation bolster, is delivered to by simulating the cartridge on bolster, side bearing on car body.Testing stand profit
With the bolster acceleration information of vehicle line testing results, by quadratic integral computing technique, the drive of vertical, horizontal actuator is obtained
Dynamic signal is simultaneously loaded, and what is directly controlled by actuator is simulation bolster, therefore can preferably reproduce the operation of bolster circuit
When state.But pilot system has certain non-linear factor, especially because existing at the tool for up-down cartridge and side bearing of car body
It is non-linear, have impact on the precision that car body running status is simulated on testing stand, accelerated fatigue test has larger error.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test, to solve
The problem of there is larger error with actual motion in lorry body fatigue test method of the prior art.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test,
Wherein, lorry body, which is placed on testing stand, carries out accelerated fatigue test, and test method includes：Step S1：According to railway
Lorry actual operation parameters obtain echo signal；Step S2：Signal excitation is carried out to testing stand and the first of testing stand is obtained driving
Dynamic signal；Step S3：First drive signal is loaded onto testing stand and the signal that meets with a response；Step S4：According to echo signal and
Response signal obtains error signal；Step S5：The first drive signal is modified according to error signal and the second driving is obtained
Signal；Step S6：Second drive signal is loaded onto testing stand and starts lorry body accelerated fatigue test.
Further, step S1 includes：Step S11：Gather the dynamic response of railway freight-car test point in actual motion
Signal.
Further, test point includes coupler force test point, car body acceleration test point and strain testing point.
Further, step S1 also includes：Step S12：Load in dynamic response signal is less than to the ripple of the first preset value
Section removes and obtains echo signal.
Further, step S2 includes：Step S21：Testing stand is encouraged by white pink noise signal and testing stand is obtained
Frequency response function.
Further, step S2 also includes：Step S22：First driving is obtained according to frequency response function and echo signal
Signal.
Further, the first drive signal is modified according to error signal and wrapped the step of obtaining the second drive signal
Include：Following amendment operation is performed to revised first drive signal, until operating result is less than or equal to the second preset value, its
In, amendment operation includes：Revised first drive signal is loaded onto testing stand and obtains correcting response signal；According to target
Signal and amendment response signal obtain round-off error signal, and round-off error signal is operating result；When round-off error signal is more than
During the second preset value, continuation is modified operation to the first drive signal, wherein, operating result, which is less than or equal to second, to be preset
Value, revised first drive signal is the second drive signal.
Further, testing stand includes coupler force load maintainer, horizontal load maintainer and Plumb load mechanism.
Further, the second drive signal includes the coupler force drive signal of driving coupler force load maintainer action, driving
The laterally driven signal of horizontal load maintainer action and the vertical drive signal of driving Plumb load mechanism action.
Further, it is provided with bolster below lorry body.
Apply the technical scheme of the present invention, before accelerated fatigue test is carried out, obtain the first drive signal of testing stand,
And the first drive signal is loaded onto on testing stand obtains response signal.Then according to response signal and the error pair of echo signal
First drive signal is adjusted amendment, so as to obtain the second drive signal, and the second drive signal is loaded onto on testing stand
Start accelerated fatigue test.Ess-strain parameter when second drive signal is with railway freight-car actual motion is approached, so as to
The running situation of more real simulation railway freight-car, and then greatly reduce lorry body accelerated fatigue test and actual fortune
Error between row.Therefore technical scheme solve lorry body fatigue test method of the prior art with
The problem of there is larger error in actual motion.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the present invention, do not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the structure of the testing stand of the embodiment of the lorry body accelerated fatigue test according to the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 shows the test schematic diagram of testing stand in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 shows the schematic flow sheet of the test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test；And
Fig. 4 shows that the makeover process of the first drive signal of the test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test shows
It is intended to.
Wherein, above-mentioned accompanying drawing is marked including the following drawings：
10th, lorry body；20th, testing stand；21st, coupler force load maintainer；22nd, horizontal load maintainer；23rd, it is vertical to add
Mounted mechanism；30th, bolster.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can phase
Mutually combination.Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Below
Description only actually at least one exemplary embodiment is illustrative, is never used as to the application and its application or makes
Any limitation.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Lower obtained every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of the application protection.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test is present embodiments provided,
Wherein, lorry body 10, which is placed on testing stand 20, carries out accelerated fatigue test, and test method includes：
Step S1：Echo signal is obtained according to railway freight-car actual operation parameters；
Step S2：Signal excitation is carried out to testing stand 20 and the first drive signal of testing stand 20 is obtained；
Step S3：First drive signal is loaded onto testing stand 20 and the signal that meets with a response；
Step S4：Error signal is obtained according to echo signal and response signal；Step S5：Driven according to error signal to first
Dynamic signal is modified and obtains the second drive signal；
Step S6：Second drive signal is loaded onto testing stand 20 and starts lorry body accelerated fatigue test.
Using the technical scheme of the present embodiment, before accelerated fatigue test is carried out, the first driving of testing stand 20 is obtained
Signal, and the first drive signal is loaded onto on testing stand obtains response signal.Then according to response signal and echo signal
Error is adjusted amendment to the first drive signal, so as to obtain the second drive signal, and the second drive signal is loaded onto into examination
Test and start accelerated fatigue test on platform.Ess-strain parameter when second drive signal is with railway freight-car actual motion is approached, from
And can more really simulate the running situation of railway freight-car, and then greatly reduce lorry body accelerated fatigue test and
Error between actual motion.Therefore the technical scheme of the present embodiment solves lorry body fatigue examination of the prior art
The problem of there is larger error with actual motion in proved recipe method.
In the technical scheme of the present embodiment, step S1 includes：
Step S11：Gather the dynamic response signal of railway freight-car test point in actual motion.Wherein, test point includes
Coupler force test point, car body acceleration test point and strain testing point.
Wherein, test point is also that the position of corresponding test sensor is provided with railway freight-car.Vehicle is carried out first
Circuit dynamic response test, collection vehicle survey circuit dynamic response signal.Above-mentioned dynamic response signal includes hitch
Strain signal of power, car body acceleration and key position etc., these measuring points should be able to reflect car body in circuit running
Vibrational state and stress.Wherein, coupler force measuring point can reflect the longitudinal loading that car body is born, car body acceleration measuring point energy
Enough reflection the nodding, drift along of car body, yaw, sidewinder, shake the head and twisting vibration state.In addition should on the main load bearing component of car body
Pressure detection point is similarly arranged in the larger region of power." test of circuit dynamic response " step in step S11 namely corresponding diagram 3.
In the technical scheme of the present embodiment, step S1 also includes：Step S12：Load in dynamic response signal is less than
The wave band of first preset value removes and obtains echo signal.
Specifically, the data obtained to line test carry out analyzing and processing and edit shearing, leave out not damaged or minimum damage
The low amplitude vibrations waveform of wound, obtains the echo signal required for indoor accelerated fatigue test.Further, analysis is in step S11
In the obtained waveform of dynamic corresponding signal.Wherein, some ess-strain very littles, and to the tired shadow of lorry body 10
Sound is very small.Therefore above-mentioned echo signal has been obtained after the waveform of above-mentioned less ess-strain is deleted.Preferably,
First preset value can make by tabling look-up or empirical equation is determined.When the ess-strain value in dynamic response signal is less than the
During one preset value, you can think that the ess-strain value does not influence on the fatigue of lorry body 10, corresponding wave band can be with
Delete." data processing is sheared with editor " step in step S12 namely corresponding diagram 3.
In the present embodiment, step S2 includes：
Step S21：Testing stand 20 is encouraged by white pink noise signal and the frequency response function of testing stand 20 is obtained.
Step S22：First drive signal is obtained according to frequency response function and echo signal.
Specifically, computing is iterated on testing stand 20, experimental bench system is encouraged by white pink noise signal first,
The frequency response function of experimental bench system is obtained, initial driving signal is being calculated by echo signal and frequency response function, namely
The first above-mentioned drive signal is obtained, and testing stand excitation loading is carried out by this signal.The sound of subsequent test bed upper body
Induction signal, the response signal measured and echo signal are compared, according to resulting error signal to the first drive signal
Carry out appropriate compensation and be loaded onto again on testing stand 20, so circulation is gone down constantly is repaiied to the first drive signal
Just.Stop iteration, namely this when the response signal of lorry body 10 and the amplitude of echo signal and basically identical phase
The first drive signal after Shi Xiucheng is the second drive signal.Wherein, the second drive signal includes hanging down, laterally for testing stand 20
Load the initial driving signal of actuator input.Coupler force echo signal after shearing is inputted as longitudinal actuator on testing stand
Initial driving signal.
Finally, vertical, horizontal, the first drive signal of longitudinal direction of acquisition are finely adjusted in the manner described above, made several on car body
Every kilometer of damage of critical stress point and every kilometer of damage of circuit testing results are close, obtain the second final drive signal,
And the second drive signal is subjected to loading completion car body accelerated fatigue test.
Further, the process of the iteration of the first drive signal is as shown in Figure 4：According to error signal to the first drive signal
It is modified and includes the step of obtaining the second drive signal：Following amendment operation is performed to revised first drive signal,
Until operating result is less than or equal to the second preset value.Wherein, amendment operation includes：By the loading of revised first drive signal
To testing stand 20 and obtain correct response signal；Round-off error signal is obtained according to echo signal and amendment response signal, corrected
Error signal is operating result.When round-off error signal is more than the second preset value, continuation is modified to the first drive signal
Operation.Wherein, operating result is less than or equal to the second preset value, and revised first drive signal is the second drive signal.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, testing stand 20 includes coupler force load maintainer 21, horizontal load maintainer 22 and Plumb load
Mechanism 23.Correspondingly, the second drive signal includes the coupler force drive signal of the action of driving coupler force load maintainer 21, driving horizontal stroke
The laterally driven signal and the vertical drive signal of the action of driving Plumb load mechanism 23 acted to load maintainer 22.
As shown in Fig. 2 in the technical scheme of the present embodiment, the lower section of lorry body 10 is provided with bolster 30.Shake
The lorry body 10 above cartridge and two side bearings, cartridge and side bearing support is provided with pillow 30
The lorry body accelerated fatigue test method of the application has the characteristics that：
Application scheme is based on railway freight-car fatigue and vibration mechine, and vehicle bolster when actual track is run is not utilized
Dynamic response data, and based on the circuit dynamic response data of car body, be used as the drive for extracting car body accelerated fatigue test
The foundation of dynamic signal and echo signal.In addition, there is gap at car body tool for up-down cartridge, pilot system has necessarily non-linear,
Therefore integral algorithm is not used, but uses alternative manner, it is vertical, horizontal on testing stand to obtain based on time waveform replication technology
The drive signal loaded to actuator, and then state when subject car body circuit is run is simulated, reach analog line running status
Purpose.It is simultaneously the Fatigue Test Time of shortening car body, it is bent according to the S-N of material, the welding point pattern of subject car body etc.
Line, deletes contribution minimum to fatigue or the small vibration load without contribution, retains the main loaded state that car body is used, so as to obtain
The life appraisal for more meeting practice state, complete car body accelerated fatigue test.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of test platform structure.
The application can realize lorry body accelerated fatigue test function, and skill is simulated using based on circuit running status
The method of the acceleration car body fatigue test of art, greatly shortens the test period, reduces cost, can solve the problem that railway freight car products are set
Reliability demonstration problem after meter exploitation, draws the car body life appraisal for more meeting practice state, is the tired of body construction
Labor Intensity Design provides foundation, and can support the research and development of railway freight-car new product, while also tired to improve railway freight-car vehicle
Labor basic theory lays the foundation with reliability assessment standard.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the part and positioned opposite, the digital table of step otherwise illustrated in these embodiments
Scope of the present application is not limited up to formula and numerical value.Simultaneously, it should be appreciated that for the ease of description, each portion shown in accompanying drawing
The size divided not is to be drawn according to actual proportionate relationship.For technology, side known to person of ordinary skill in the relevant
Method and equipment may be not discussed in detail, but in the appropriate case, the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing explanation
A part for book.In shown here and discussion all examples, any occurrence should be construed as merely exemplary, and
Not by way of limitation.Therefore, the other examples of exemplary embodiment can have different values.It should be noted that：Similar label
Similar terms is represented in following accompanying drawing with letter, therefore, once it is defined in a certain Xiang Yi accompanying drawing, then subsequent attached
It need not be further discussed in figure.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the noun of locality such as " forward and backward, upper and lower, left and right ", " laterally, vertical,
Vertically, orientation or position relationship indicated by level " and " top, bottom " etc. are normally based on orientation shown in the drawings or position and closed
System, is for only for ease of description the application and simplifies description, in the case where not making opposite explanation, these nouns of locality are not indicated that
There must be specific orientation or with specific azimuth configuration and operation with the device or element for implying meaning, therefore can not manage
Solve as the limitation to the application protection domain；The noun of locality " inside and outside " refers to relative to inside and outside each part profile in itself.
For the ease of description, space relative terms can be used herein, such as " ... on ", " ... top ",
" ... upper surface ", " above " etc., for describing such as a device shown in the figure or feature and other devices or spy
The spatial relation levied.It should be appreciated that space relative terms are intended to comprising the orientation except device described in figure
Outside different azimuth in use or operation.If for example, the device in accompanying drawing is squeezed, be described as " in other devices
It will be positioned as " under other devices or construction after the device of part or construction top " or " on other devices or construction "
Side " or " under other devices or construction ".Thus, exemplary term " ... top " can include " ... top " and
" in ... lower section " two kinds of orientation.The device can also other different modes positioning (being rotated by 90 ° or in other orientation), and
And respective explanations are made to the relative description in space used herein above.
Furthermore, it is necessary to which explanation, limits parts, it is only for be easy to using the word such as " first ", " second "
Corresponding parts are distinguished, such as without Stated otherwise, above-mentioned word does not have particular meaning, therefore it is not intended that to this
Apply for the limitation of protection domain.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test, wherein, lorry body (10) is placed on experiment
Platform carries out accelerated fatigue test on (20), it is characterised in that the test method includes：
Step S1：Echo signal is obtained according to railway freight-car actual operation parameters；
Step S2：Signal excitation is carried out to the testing stand (20) and the first drive signal of the testing stand (20) is obtained；
Step S3：First drive signal is loaded onto the testing stand (20) and the signal that meets with a response；
Step S4：Error signal is obtained according to the echo signal and the response signal；
Step S5：First drive signal is modified according to the error signal and the second drive signal is obtained；
Step S6：Second drive signal is loaded onto the testing stand (20) and starts lorry body and is accelerated fatigue examination
Test.
2. test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S1 includes：
Step S11：Gather the dynamic response signal of railway freight-car test point in actual motion.
3. test method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the test point includes coupler force and tested and car body
Acceleration test point and strain testing point.
4. test method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step S1 also includes：
Step S12：The wave band that load in the dynamic response signal is less than the first preset value is removed and the target letter is obtained
Number.
5. test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S2 includes：
Step S21：The testing stand (20) is encouraged by white pink noise signal and the frequency sound of the testing stand (20) is obtained
Answer function.
6. test method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the step S2 also includes：
Step S22：First drive signal is obtained according to the frequency response function and the echo signal.
7. test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that believed according to the error signal the described first driving
Number it is modified and includes the step of obtaining the second drive signal：
Following amendment operation is performed to revised first drive signal, is preset until operating result is less than or equal to second
Value, wherein, the amendment operation includes：
Revised first drive signal is loaded onto the testing stand (20) and obtains correcting response signal；
Round-off error signal is obtained according to the echo signal and the amendment response signal, the round-off error signal is described
Operating result；
When the round-off error signal is more than the second preset value, continue to carry out first drive signal amendment behaviour
Make,
Wherein, the operating result is less than or equal to the second preset value, and revised first drive signal is described second
Drive signal.
8. test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the testing stand (20) includes coupler force load maintainer
(21), horizontal load maintainer (22) and Plumb load mechanism (23).
9. test method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that second drive signal includes driving the hitch
The coupler force drive signal of power load maintainer (21) action, the laterally driven signal of driving horizontal load maintainer (22) action
With the vertical drive signal for driving Plumb load mechanism (23) action.
10. test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lower section of the lorry body (10) is set
There is bolster (30).
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| CN201710446263.9A CN107202701A (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | The test method of lorry body accelerated fatigue test |
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| CN112161822A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-01 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Dynamic test system and dynamic test method for subway vehicle |
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